📘 How thunder is made
Learn how lightning heats air, launches pressure waves, and creates cracks, booms, and rumbles.
What you’ll learn
- A hot channel
- Pressure wave
- Light before sound
- Rumble
- Crack and boom
- Branching
- Atmospheric refraction
- Storm distance
- Recording
- The complete event
Questions this course answers
What directly creates thunder?
The lightning channel heats air so quickly that it produces a pressure wave.
Why is lightning seen before thunder is heard?
The optical signal arrives nearly instantly while sound takes time.
Why can thunder rumble?
A long branched channel produces overlapping sound arrivals.
What does counting between flash and thunder estimate?
The delay reflects the time sound takes to travel from the flash.
What should you do when thunder is heard?
Thunder indicates nearby lightning and a need for shelter.
Grounded in trusted sources
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