Part 218

=Doubtful Orthography.= We find: +Konze´rt+ and +Conce´rt+, n.; +Ka´rzer+ (prison in schools and universities) and +Ca´rcer+, m.; +Komitee´+ and +Comite´+, n.; +Kompanie´+ and +Compagnie´+, f.; +conze´ntrisch+ (concentric) and +conce´ntrisch+; +Konzessio´n+ and +Concessio´n+, f.; +Konzi´l+ (council) and +Conci´l+, n.; +klassifizie´ren+ (to classify) and +classificie´ren+; +Ku´rsus+ (course of study) and +Cu´rsus+, m.; +korre´kt+ and +corre´ct+; +Konjunktio´n+ and +Conjunctio´n+, etc., etc.

From these examples it will be seen that the mode of spelling is fluctuating between +=k=+ and +=c=+, and +=c=+ and +=z=+, in many words which originally contained the letter =c=. =The first way is to be preferred, and strongly recommended, in all the words given above, and many others in common use that contain a= +=k=+ =or a= +=z=+=-sound and are quite germanised in spelling and inflection.= (Comp. C. 3.)

Use also +=k=+ instead of +=c=+ in words of Greek origin which have preserved the +=k=+-sound, as:—+Anekdo´te+, +katho´lisch+, +Komö´die+, +Diale´kt+, etc.—[Comp. B, letter +=k=+, 1.]—And write +=c=+ and +=cq=+, as before, in: +A´cce´nt+, +A´ccusati´v+, +A´cquisitio´n+, etc.—

+=-nis=+

(instead of +niß+) as a suffix of nouns, as in: +das Ereignis+ (event); +das Begräbnis+ (burial); +das Verhältnis+ (relation); +das Vermä´chtnis+ (bequest), etc.—

=The prefix= +miß...+, however, remains unchanged, as in: +das Mi´ßverständnis+ (misunderstanding), pl. +die Mi´ßverständnisse+.

+=s=+

(instead of +ß+) in +deshalb+ (therefore); +deswegen+ (therefore, for this reason); +indes+ (meanwhile, whilst; however); +unterdes+ (meanwhile, whilst); +weshalb+ (why); +weswegen+ (why), etc.—

+=sſ=+

(instead of +ſſ+) in: +dasſelbe+ (the same); +desſelben+ (of the same); +diesſeits+ (on this side), etc.

+=st=+

(instead of +ſt+) in: +Dienstag+ (Tuesday); +Geburtstag+ (birthday); +Frühlingstag+ (spring-day), and other compound nouns in which +s+ occurs as a sign of the Genitive and is followed by a +t+.

+=ſſ=+

between two vowels, the first one of which is short, as in +laſſen+ (to let, to leave); +die Taſſe+ (cup); +trotz deſſen+ (in spite of that); +weſſen+ (whose), etc.—

+=ß=+

1. between two vowels, the first one of which is long, as in: +bü´ßen+ (to atone for); +schießen+ (to shoot), etc.

2. before +t+, and at the end of words, as in: +er läßt+ (he leaves); +ihr laßt+ (you leave); +gebüßt+ (atoned for); +laß+ (let); +der Kuß+ (kiss), etc.—

+=t=+

(instead of +dt+) in: +der Tote+ (a dead man or person); +tot+ (dead); +töten+ (to kill); +der Totschlag+ (manslaughter); +der Totengräber+ (gravedigger), etc.—Comp. letter +=d=+ (instead of +dt+.)

+=t=+

(instead of +d+) in: +das Brot+ (bread).

+=t=+

(and never +z+) in the accented and original Latin combinations:—tia´, tie´, tio´, as in +martia´lisch+, +Patie´nt+, m., +Natio´n+, f., +Traditio´n+, f., +Motio´n+, etc.

=But write=: +Gra´zie+, +Ingredie´nzien+, etc., =e being unaccented=.

+=z=+

1. (instead of +tz+) after a long vowel, as in: +die Bre´zel+ (biscuit in the shape of a twisted ring, cracknel); +du´zen+ (to call a person thou), etc.

2. (instead of +Cz+ and +Sc+) in: +der Zar+ (czar); +das Zepter+ (sceptre), etc.

3. (instead of +ce+) =regularly at the end of foreign words with German pronunciation= and terminating in French in =ce=, and in Latin in =tia=, =tius=, =tium=, =cius=, =cium=, as in: +das Benefi´z+, +die Justi´z+, +das Hospi´z+, +die Mili´z+, +die Noti´z+; +die Differe´nz+, +die Sente´nz+, +die Vaka´nz+; +die Fina´nzen+, +die Novi´ze+, +die Allia´nz, die Dista´nz+, etc.—(=But= with foreign pronunciation: +Alliance+, +Distance+, etc.)