Chapter Viii.--St. Clement to St. Thomas

1. Dyer, 423.

2. Notes and Queries, 1st Series, vol. viii. 618; Dyer, 425.

3. Brand, 222 f.

4. Henderson, "Folk Lore of the Northern Counties," 97.

5. Notes and Queries, 3rd Series, vol. iv. 492; Dyer, 423.

6. Dyer, 425.

7. Brand, 222.

8. Ibid. 223.

9. Notes and Queries, 2nd Series, vol. v. 47; Dyer, 427.

10. Dyer, 426 f.

11. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 415.

12. #J. N. Raphael# in #"The Daily Express,"# Nov. 28, 1911.

13. Dyer, 430.

14. Ibid. 429.

15. Tille, "D. W.," 148.

16. #B. Thorpe, "Northern Mythology"# (London, 1852), iii. 143.

17. Ibid. iii. 144.

18. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 416 f. Cf. Grimm, iv. 1800.

19. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 417. Cf. Thorpe, iii. 145.

20. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 418.

21. Thorpe, iii. 145.

22. #F. S. Krauss, "Sitte und Brauch der Suedslaven"# (Vienna, 1885), 179.

23. #T. Stratilesco, "From Carpathian to Pindus: Pictures of Roumanian Country Life"# (London, 1906), 189.

24. Ibid. 188 f.

25. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 416.

26. Ibid. 420 f.

27. Ibid. 425. |376|

28. #Thomas Naogeorgus, "The Popish Kingdome,"# Englyshed by Barnabe Googe, 1570 (ed. by R. C. Hope, London, 1880), 44.

29. #G. F. Abbott, "Macedonian Folklore"# (Cambridge, 1903), 76.

30. #P. M. Hough, "Dutch Life in Town and Country"# (London, 1901), 96.

31. Cf. Frazer, "Golden Bough," iii. 90, and also the Epiphany noise-makings described in the present volume.

32. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 426.

33. Hoermann, "Tiroler Volksleben," 218 f.

34. Tille, "D. W.," 30.

35. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 370.

36. Hamilton, 30. Cf. article on St. Nicholas by Professor Anichkof in Folk-Lore, vol. v., 1894, 108 f.

37. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 428 f.

38. Tille, "D. W.," 35 f.; Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 430.

39. Hoermann, "Tiroler Volksleben," 209 f.

40. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 430.

41. Weinhold, 9.

42. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 326.

43. Weinhold, 9.

44. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 431 f.

45. Hoermann, "Tiroler Volksleben," 212 f.

46. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 433.

47. Ibid. 433.

48. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 369.

49. #W. S. Walsh, "Curiosities of Popular Customs"# (London, 1898), 753 f. Cf. Chambers, "B. D.," ii. 664.

50. Feilberg, i. 165, 170.

51. Ibid. i. 169 f.

52. Ibid. i. 171.

53. #L. Caico, "Sicilian Ways and Days"# (London, 1910), 188 f.

54. Feilberg, i. 168.

55. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 434.

56. Ibid. 434 f.

57. Grimm, iv. 1867.

58. Feilberg, i. 108 f.

59. Ibid. i. 111.

60. N. W. Thomas in Folk-Lore, vol. xi., 1900, 252.

61. Ashton, 52.

62. Dyer, 72 f.

63. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 436 f.

64. Ibid. 437.

65. Ibid. 438.

66. Ibid. 439.

67. Dyer, 439.

68. Ibid. 438 f.; Chambers, "B. D.," ii. 724.

69. Abbott, 81.

70. Notes and Queries, 2nd Series, vol. v. 35; Dyer, 439. |377|