Part 44

8. What is the difference between English and American steel works? Page 202.

Development of the Factory System.

1. State reasons for the early development of the factory system in England. Page 204.

2. Why was the United States slow about developing manufacturing industries? Page 205.

3. Why is any comparison of the value of the manufactures of the United States with that of other countries defective? Page 210.

4. Name an article which is the product of one factory but which becomes the manufacturing material of another. Page 211.

5. What factors have contributed toward making the United States the world’s greatest manufacturing nation? Page 212.

6. How can it be judged as to whether the value of manufactures of a country is in excess of the consuming capacity? Page 214.

Capital in Manufacturing.

1. Show the part capital plays in building up a company. Page 214.

2. What are the advantages gained by having a business in the hands of a company or corporation? Page 215.

3. Compare the durability of gold with that of other products. Page 217.

4. What was the amount of capital employed in 416 manufacturing industries in 1850? In 1905? Page 218.

5. How did the Census of 1905 differ from previous censuses in the matter of manufacturing establishments? Page 219.

6. How does the growth in capitalization rank with that of the other important branches of manufacturing? Page 220.

Trusts and Combinations.

1. What principle was the cause of the origin of the modern company or corporation? Page 222.

2. Explain the provisions of a pool. Page 223.

3. How were the defects of the pool overcome? Page 224.

4. What are the advantages of a trust or combination? Page 225.

5. What has been the effect of trusts on prices? On wages? Page 226.

6. Name and classify according to product the companies of which the United States Steel Corporation was formed. Page 228.

The Iron and Steel Industry.

1. What was the number of establishments for the iron and steel industry in the United States in 1880? In 1905? What does this show? Page 233.

2. What method was used by the early Germans for extracting the iron from the ore? By the English in 1700? By the early American colonists? Page 236.

3. Why was coke used in the smelting of iron ore in England much earlier than in America? Page 238.

4. How did the development of railways aid in the preservation of our forests? Page 239.

5. What is the puddling process? Why is it necessary? Page 240.