Part 40

=tsawa=, vide under =bagayi=.

=tsibiri kinkini=, Ampelocissus Grantii, Planch. (Ampelidæ); a vine with edible berries and a thickened root, hence also called =rogon daji=, q.v. Used medicinally. Syn. =farun makiyaya=. Other species of Cissus and Ampelocissus are included, e.g. the “Forest Grape,” A. Bakeri, Planch.

=tsibra= or =tsura= (Sok.), Randia nilotica, Stapf (Rubiaceæ); an erect thorny shrub or small tree. Syn. =barbaji= (East Hausa).

=tsidau=, vide =tsaido=.

=tsidaun kare=, Aneilema beniniensis, Kunth. A. Schweinfurthii, C. B. Clarke, and other species of Commelynaceæ; weeds with delicate blue flowers and tufted fibrous roots. cf. =kariye galma=.

=tsidufu=, small hot chillie peppers; vide under =barkono=.

=tsikar daji= (Sok.), or =tsikar dawa=; also =kibiyar daji= Cymbopogon diplandrum, Hack. var. a tall grass covering large areas of uncultivated ground; used for thatch, &c. (Etym. from the recurved pointed flowering spikes). Syn. =tuma da gobara=, q.v. (Other tall species of the same genus are probably included).

=tsikar gida= or =tsikar sabra= (=ts. saura=) (Sok.), Leonotis pallida, Benth. (Labiatæ); a tall weed better known as =kain mutum= or =kain ḅarawo=, q.v.

=tsintsiya=, 1. Panicum subalbidulum, Kunth. (Gramineæ). A grass 3 to 4 feet high; used for thatching and for brooms, and planted as a field boundary.

2. Eragrostis sp. (?E. biformis, Kunth.). A grass of wet places, used for thatch; the species commonly sold for brooms.

=tsira faḳo=, Stylosanthes erecta, Beauv. (Leguminosæ). A herb with fragrant viscid leaves and small yellow flowers. (Etym. from growing up on hard bare areas).

=tsiyayi= = =ḳeḳasheshe=; vide under =rama=.

=tsu= or =farin tsu=, Pavonia hirsuta, Guill. et Perr. (Malvaceæ). A shrub with broad harshly hairy leaves and large yellow flowers with purple centre. (Urena lobata, Linn. Malvaceæ, is sometimes distinguished as =jan tsu=; vide =ramaniya=).

=tsuku= or =tsuwuku= (Kano), Biophytum sensitivum, DC. (or Oxalis sensitiva, Geraniaceæ); a small pinnate-leaved herb with the habit of a tiny palm and salmon-pink flowers; as in the “Sensitive Plant” the leaves contract when touched. (Popular names are mata gara ḳafafunki, rufe rumbu, ka buḍi ka noḳe, &c. (noḳewa = contracting or withdrawing).

=tsura=, vide =tsibra=.

=tsuwawun biri=, Vitis cornifolia, Bak. (Ampelideæ), an erect plant of the vine family, with ovoid pointed berries; root medicinal. Syn. ?=rigyar biri=.

=tsuwawun zaki= (Sok. Kats. and Zanf.), Cucumis Figarei, Del. (Cucurbitaceæ). A wild ground trailer of the gourd family with ovoid slightly prickly fruit. Syn. =maḳaimi= (Katagum), =kashin gwanki=, =gunar kura=; =gwolon zaki= (East Hausa). Used medicinally and as a medicinal charm for chickens.

=tswa=, vide =tsa=.

=tswada=, vide =tsada=.

=tubani=, a food prepared from beans; vide under =wake=.

=tubanin dawaki=, Peristrophe bicalyculata, Nees. (Acanthaceæ). An erect annual with pink flowers; can be used as fodder.

=tuḍi=, vide under =faru=.

=tugandi=, large mild chillies; vide under =barkono=.

=tuji= or =chiyawar tuji=, Eleusine indica, Gaertn. (Gramineæ). A coarse tufted grass with digitate flower-spikes; resembling but smaller than =tamba=, q.v. a good fodder and capable of being used as food.

=tukurra= (Sok.), Melochia corchorifolia, Linn. (Malvaceæ). An erect plant of wet places; 2 to 4 feet high; stems used for tanka; bark used for cordage, and leaves sometimes used in soup.

=tukuruwa=, Raphia vinifera, Pal. Beauv. (Palmeæ). “Bamboo Palm.” “Wine Palm.” Stems used for roofing, canoe-poles, &c. (= gongola; gwangwala, the Nupé name for this palm); leaf for various plaited articles (e.g. kabido, q.v. a kind of waterproof hood; and kororo, cowrie bags); bami or palm-wine is usually made from this species in N. Nigeria. vide also =murli=, =gangame=, &c.; a mealy layer between the husk and the hard nut is eaten in Munchi as a food and medicine, &c.

=tuma da gobara= (Sok. and Zanf.), Cymbopogon diplandrum, Hack. var. A tall grass with reflexed flower-spikes, very abundant in the bush; used for thatch. (Etym. from the crackling and jerking of the dry spikes when burnt). Syn. =tsikar daji=, q.v.

=tumbin jaki=, Paspalum scorbiculatum, Linn. (Gramineæ); a wild grass used in some districts as a cereal; a sort of “hungry rice” or “bastard millet.” (Etym. probably from observed unwholesome effects).