Part 10

Most of the transient ducks and shorebirds common to the state can be found in migration. Probably the most exciting migrant is the Whooping Crane (rare), which occasionally stops on its way to or from the breeding grounds in Canada. Hundreds of Sandhill Cranes put in an appearance each spring and fall. Some of the other interesting migrants include Greater White-fronted Goose, Common Goldeneye, Golden and Bald Eagles (also in winter), Osprey (rare), Peregrine Falcon (rare), California Gull (actually a summer visitor), Short-eared Owl (occasionally nests), and Harris’ Sparrow (tree lines).

Although it is migration that brings the rarities, summer is just as exciting. Audubon Refuge has a great variety of habitats, including mixed-grass prairie, open water, marshy bays of the reservoir, prairie potholes, and salt-grass marshes. This makes for a tremendous diversity of breeding birds. Some of the more interesting ones are: Horned, Eared, and Western Grebes; American White Pelican (summers in good numbers but does not nest); Double-crested Cormorant; Black-crowned Night Heron; American Bittern; Canada Goose (reintroduced nester); Mallard; Gadwall; Common Pintail; Blue-winged and Green-winged Teals; American Wigeon; Northern Shoveler; Redhead; Canvasback; Lesser Scaup; Ruddy Duck; Northern Harrier; Swainson’s and Ferruginous Hawks; Sharp-tailed Grouse; Ring-necked Pheasant; Gray Partridge; Sora; Virginia Rail; Upland Sandpiper; Willet; Marbled Godwit; American Avocet; Wilson’s Phalarope; Ring-billed and Franklin’s (visitor) Gulls; Common and Black Terns; Black-billed Cuckoo; Burrowing Owl; Eastern and Western Kingbirds; Marsh Wren; Brown Thrasher; Sprague’s Pipit; Bobolink; Western Meadowlark; Yellow-headed Blackbird; Dickcissel; Lark Bunting; Savannah, Grasshopper, Baird’s, Le Conte’s, Sharp-tailed (rare), Vesper, and Clay-colored Sparrows; and Chestnut-collared Longspur.

The nearest lodging accommodations are at Garrison and Riverdale. Coleharbor has service stations and a cafe.

d) Burke and Mountrail Counties

Lostwood National Wildlife Refuge is one of the better ones in the state. To reach it, start at the northern edge of Stanley, go north from Highway 2 on Highway 8 for 21.6 miles and turn left (west) at the sign. From here it is just a short way to the headquarters, where you can pick up a refuge map and checklist, and obtain up-to-date information about road conditions and desired species. (The resident dog is dangerous, so exercise appropriate caution.)

Lostwood consists basically of rolling hills dotted with potholes. Mixed-grass prairie is the dominant habitat, but there are several shelter-belts and small woodlots as well as numerous wetlands. The major difference between Lostwood and other refuges in the northwest sector is the presence of several alkaline lakes providing attractive habitat for Piping Plover, American Avocet, and California Gull.

Waterfowl concentrations in spring, summer, and fall border on the spectacular. The purely transient species are the Greater White-fronted and Snow Geese, Whistling Swan, Common Goldeneye, Bufflehead, and Common and Red-breasted Mergansers. The ducks which nest are the Mallard, Gadwall, Common Pintail, Blue-winged and Green-winged Teals, American Wigeon, Northern Shoveler, Redhead, Ring-necked Duck, Canvasback, Lesser Scaup, and Ruddy Duck.

Other waterbirds which summer on the refuge are Horned (uncommon), Eared, Western, and Pied-billed Grebes; American White Pelican; Double-crested Cormorant; Great Blue Heron; Black-crowned Night Heron; American Bittern; Virginia Rail; Sora; American Coot; Piping Plover (alkaline lakes); Spotted Sandpiper; Willet; Marbled Godwit; American Avocet; Wilson’s Phalarope; California (uncommon visitor), Ring-billed, and Franklin’s Gulls; and Forster’s, Common, and Black Terns. Other species to look for around water areas include Short-eared Owl, Belted Kingfisher, Willow Flycatcher (boggy areas), all of the swallow species found in the state, Marsh Wren, Sedge Wren (wet meadows), Red-winged and Yellow-headed Blackbirds, and Le Conte’s and Sharp-tailed Sparrows (wet grassy areas).

In the prairie areas look for Red-tailed and Swainson’s Hawks; Northern Harrier; Sharp-tailed Grouse; Gray Partridge; Upland Sandpiper; Eastern and Western Kingbirds; Horned Lark; Sprague’s Pipit; Loggerhead Shrike; Bobolink; Western Meadowlark; Lark Bunting; Savannah, Grasshopper, Baird’s, Vesper, and Clay-colored Sparrows; and Chestnut-collared Longspur.

e) Ward County

There are few avid listers who have not heard about the area surrounding Kenmare. The town has become famous in birding circles largely because of the field work done there by Ann and Bob Gammell, and because of their hospitality in showing off the area’s specialties to visiting birders. Perhaps the single factor which generated the most publicity about Kenmare and its birds was the American Birding Association’s first convention, which was held here in June of 1973. Birders who attended were astounded by the density and diversity of birds to be found breeding throughout the prairie-pothole country.

What makes Kenmare so special? For one thing, it is surrounded by national wildlife refuges. The town itself lies right in the middle of Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge. Lostwood Refuge is only a short distance to the southwest while Upper Souris Refuge is just to the southeast. These three areas contain almost every major habitat type to be found in the region, and Kenmare makes a great base for exploring all three. The town is not large (1,515 people as of 1970), but there are several gas stations, stores, cafes, and motels.

The best birding spot is Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge. This large refuge (about 19,000 acres), following the Des Lacs River Valley, extends from the Canadian border to a point about eight miles south of Kenmare. The river valley contains both open-water lakes and marshlands. Bordering the valley is mixed-grass prairie punctuated by numerous wooded coolees (trenchlike wooded ravines).

Because this refuge is so large, it is here divided into three routes which cover most of the better areas. Caution: After heavy rain all of these routes can be almost impassable.

Route #1) Tasker’s Coulee and Refuge Headquarters. This trip begins in Kenmare. From U.S. Highway 52 go west on Highway 2 (6th Street Northeast). When it swings right after 1.1 miles, continue straight on County Road #1 (south). At this point you have been transecting part of the lake. Watch for Western and Eared Grebes. After 0.4 mile turn left to the headquarters for a checklist, map, and current information on road conditions. The wooded area surrounding the buildings may provide good birding, especially during migration. In summer look for Black-billed Cuckoo, Great Horned Owl, Common Flicker, Eastern and Western Kingbirds (margins), Eastern Pewee, Least Flycatcher, House Wren, Brown Thrasher, Gray Catbird, Cedar Waxwing, Warbling Vireo, Yellow Warbler, Orchard Oriole, and American Goldfinch (margins).

To reach Tasker’s Coulee return to County Road #1 and continue south. Bear left on County Road #1A as it heads up the hill. About 1.7 miles past the turn-off to the headquarters, turn left at the sign saying “Recreation Area”. After 0.5 mile you will descend into Tasker’s Coulee Recreation Area.

This coulee is well wooded with American elm, green ash, box elder, aspen, and several kinds of shrubs—including wild plum.

Many species of birds nest here with a great many more stopping during migration. Among the nesting species are Cooper’s Hawk, Black-billed Cuckoo, Great Horned and Long-eared Owls, Common Flicker, Downy Woodpecker, Eastern Kingbird, Eastern Phoebe, Willow (borders) and Least Flycatchers, House Wren, Brown Thrasher, Gray Catbird, Veery, Red-eyed and Warbling Vireos, American Redstart, Ovenbird, Black-and-white and Yellow Warblers, Northern Oriole, American Goldfinch, Rufous-sided Towhee (spotted race), and Clay-colored Sparrow.

Route #2) The Old Lake Road. The starting point for this tour is along County Road #1A at the turn-off to Tasker’s Coulee. Continue from the turn-off for 2.0 miles and turn left on Ward County Road #4. After 2.8 miles swing to the left. After 6.1 miles on County Road #4 turn left on Highway 52. Turn left again (0.5 mile) on a dirt road marked by a refuge sign. This will take you along the lake back to Kenmare. It makes for excellent birding because the lake with its reedy border will be on your left, while to your right are grassy hillsides peppered with several shrubby thickets. In the latter habitat watch for Swainson’s Hawk, Eastern Kingbird, Willow Flycatcher, Brown Thrasher, Gray Catbird, and Clay-colored Sparrow.

The lake itself is especially good for grebes (Western Grebe should be easy.); American White Pelican; Double-crested Cormorant; ducks and geese; Black, Forster’s, and Common Terns; and Ring-billed, Franklin’s, Herring, California, and Bonaparte’s Gulls (the latter three occur only as uncommon migrants or summer visitors). Large numbers of shorebirds feed along the open shore or on mudflats during spring migration and from July to October. Some of the shorebirds to be seen are Semipalmated Plover; Killdeer; Ruddy Turnstone (rare); Lesser Golden Plover (uncommon to rare); Willet; Greater and Lesser Yellowlegs; Spotted, Solitary, Pectoral, White-rumped (uncommon), Baird’s, Least, Stilt, and Semipalmated Sandpipers; Long-billed Dowitcher; Marbled Godwit; American Avocet; and Wilson’s and Northern Phalaropes. The reedy borders of the lake should be watched for Great Blue Heron, Black-crowned Night Heron, American Bittern, Virginia Rail, and Sora. Check the reeds for Marsh Wren and the taller grass closer to the road for Sedge Wren.

Go 2.0 miles to a small bridge under which dozens of Cliff Swallows nest. All of the other swallow species found in the state can be seen along this road. After 7.2 miles you will come out on Central Avenue.

Route #3) Boating Area Road and Sharp-tailed Grouse Photo Blind. This tour begins at Highways 52 and 2 (6th Street Northeast) in Kenmare. Turn west on Highway 2. Drive 1.0 mile and turn right (west) on Ward County Road #2. The grassy marsh on your left can be excellent for bitterns, rails, swallows, and Black Terns. After 0.7 mile turn right on a gravel road going north. Cross the railroad tracks, pull over to the side, and walk the meadow to your right. This area has been good in the past for Le Conte’s and Sharp-tailed Sparrows. Watch also for Willow Flycatcher, Common Yellowthroat, Bobolink, and Savannah Sparrow.

Continuing along Upper Des Lacs Lake, you should see all of the grebes, pelicans, cormorants, ducks, gulls, terns, swallows, and blackbirds seen on the preceding tour, but this route is not as good for shorebirds or marsh species. The road is bordered for some way by a wooded area (primarily second-growth) with all of the normal nesting and migrant passerines.

After 4.0 miles you will see a boating and picnic area to the right. Just beyond this, turn left. Turn right at the yield sign (0.8 mile), and then turn right again on Highway 52 (5.0 miles). After 0.9 mile turn left on a gravel road and immediately pull off to the right at a dirt road by a gate. (There should be a small refuge sign on it.) By walking past the gate and following the trail, you will come to a photo blind overlooking a Sharp-tailed Grouse dancing ground. During spring as many as 40-60 birds may be seen displaying. The blind may be used for photography or simple observation. However, you are required to check with refuge personnel before entering.

To return to Kenmare, continue past the turn-off to the blind for 11.0 miles to Highways 52 and 2.

The bird which brings more birders to Kenmare (and to North Dakota for that matter) than any other has to be the Baird’s Sparrow. While it can be found in appropriate habitat over most of the state, there is one place where it is probably easier to find than in any other—Longspur Pasture, a privately owned area of mixed-grass prairie encompassing several acres. To reach it, start at Highway 52 in Kenmare. Turn west on Highway 2, go 1.0 mile, and turn right (northwest) on Ward County Road #2. After about 6.0 miles go straight west on Ward County Road #2A for 3.0 miles to an old country school-house on your right. Go another 1.5 miles and pull over just beyond two small tree rows. Longspur Pasture is the fenced, grassy field on the left (south) (west of the tree rows). Cross the fence to bird, but remember that this is private land and should be respected as such. Cattle are sometimes encountered in the pasture.

This quarter-section of relatively unspoiled prairie may not look like much, but it is one of the most productive spots around for finding the prairie specialties. Sprague’s Pipit, Baird’s Sparrow, and Chestnut-collared Longspur are almost a sure thing between mid-May and mid-August (the longspurs may leave by early August). Other species which may be encountered are Gray Partridge, Marbled Godwit, Burrowing Owl, Horned Lark, Western Meadowlark, and Savannah and Grasshopper Sparrows. Pronghorn Antelope sometimes come to the small waterhole to drink.

You may have to walk south into the field where the grass gets a little taller to find the Baird’s Sparrow. It likes to sing from the patches of wolfberry and silverberry. During the early stages of the nesting season, it is quite conspicuous. Later in summer singing diminishes, and the bird becomes a little harder to find. At this time it also seems to stick closer to the ground. However, you can still get good views by herding it toward a patch of wolfberry or silverberry. After being flushed a couple of times, the sparrow will often fly to the shrub and perch in plain view nervously repeating its call note, which is quite like that of the Savannah Sparrow (a sharp “chik”).