📘 Read what each point represents
A scatterplot places paired measurements on two quantitative axes. The horizontal axis usually holds the explanatory variable, and the vertical axis holds the response. One dot represents one case, not a separate category or a count unless
What you’ll learn
- Axes and directionLabel axes and describe direction, form, and strength.Each point is one case; read the cloud before fitting a line.
- Outliers and clustersFlag unusual points and separate subgroups.Outliers and clusters reveal structure a single summary can hide.
- Residuals and readingUse residual plots and a bounded five-part reading.Residuals test the model; association alone does not establish causation.
Questions this course answers
What does direction describe in a scatterplot?
Direction is the broad upward or downward movement of the point cloud.
Which pattern calls a straight-line summary into question?
A curve indicates that the relationship's form is not well described by one straight line.
What is a responsible first response to an outlier?
An unusual point may be an error or a valid case, so its provenance should be checked first.
What does a funnel-shaped cloud suggest?
A widening or narrowing cloud indicates non-constant spread.
Why should a scatterplot reading include a boundary?
A bounded claim states where the observed pattern applies and avoids causal overreach.
Grounded in trusted sources
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