Book I. Chap. 1. - on the Situation of the Jews in France in

general, the following works may be read with profit: Zunz, <I>Zur Geschichte und Literatur</I>, Berlin, 1845. Gudemann, <I>Geschichte des Erziehungswesens und der Cultur der Juden in Frankreich und Deutschland</I>, Vienna, 1880, 8 (Hebrew translation by Frledberg under the title <I>Ha-Torah weha- Hayim</I>, ed. Achiassaf, Warsaw, 1896).

Berliner, <I>Aus dem Leben der deutschen Juden im Mittelalter</I>, Berlin, 1900.

Abrahams, <I>Jewish Life in the Middle Ages</I>, Jewish Publication Society of America, Philadelphia, 1896. Concerning Gershom ben Judah, see Gross, <I>Gallia judaica</I>, Paris, 1897, pp.299 <I>et seq</I>.

Chap. II-IV.-Works in general. Besides the accounts of Rashi in the works of the historians of the Jewish people and literature (especially Graetz, <I>Geschichte der Juden</I>, Leipsic, 1861, vol. vi; English translation published by the Jewish Publication Society of America, Philadelphia, 1895, vols. iii and iv; Hebrew translation by L. Rabbinovitch, Warsaw, 1894, vol. iv), there are two most important studies of Rashi:

1. Zunz, <I>Salomon ben Isaac, genannt Rascht</I>, in Zunz's <I>Zeitschrift fur die Wissenschaft des Judenthums</I>, 1823, pp.277-384. Additions by Zunz himself in the preface to <I>Gottesdienstliche Vortrage</I>, and in the catalogue of the library at Leipsic, by Berliner in the <I>Monatsschrift</I> xi and xii, by Klein, <I>ibid</I>. xi. One appreciates the originality of this study all the more if one reads in the <I>Histoire litteraire de la France</I>, xvi., the passage in which are collected all the legends retailed concerning Rashi in the world of Christian scholars at the time when Zunz wrote.

Zunz's essay was translated into Hebrew and enriched with notes by Samson Bloch, <I>Vita R. Salomon Isaki</I>, Lemberg 1840, 8. Second edition by Hirschenthal, Warsaw, 1862. The essay was abridged by Samuel Cahen in the <I>Journal de l'Institute historique, I</I>, and plagiarized by the Abbe Etienne Georges, <I>Le rabbin Salomon Raschi</I> (sic) in the <I>Annuaire administratif ... du departement de l'Aube</I>, 1868. <I>Compare</I> Clement-Mullet, <I>Documents pour servir a l'histoire du rabbin Salomon fils de Isaac</I> in the <I>Memoires de la Societe d'Agriculture ... de l'Aube</I>, xix.

2. I. H. Weiss, <I>R. Salomon bar Isaac</I> (in Hebrew), in the <I>Bet Talmud</I> II, 1881-82, Nos. 2-10 (cf. iii. 81). Off- print under the title <I>Biographien judischer Gelehrten</I>, 2nd leaflet, Vienna, 1882.

Other works on Rashi are: M. H. Friedlaender, <I>Raschi</I>, in <I>Judisches Litteraturblatt</I>, xvii. M. Grunwald, <I>Raschi's Leben und Wirken</I>, ibid. x.

Concerning the date of Rashi's death, see Luzzatto, in the <I>Orient</I>, vii. 418.