Part 24

Intergradation between Z. h. americanus and Z. h. acadicus is indicated also by specimens from Lawyersville and Schoharie, New York. In animals from both localities the length of the zygomata and the breadth of the mastoid region are more nearly as in Z. h. acadicus, but in size and shape of the auditory bullae, over-all length of the skull, color of the ears, and general color of the pelage they are more nearly like Z. h. americanus to which they are here referred.

Specimens from western Pennsylvania, judged to be Z. h. hudsonius by Preble (1899:17), and those from northwestern Pennsylvania and northeastern Ohio, allocated to Z. h. hardyi (= acadicus) by Bole and Moulthrop (1942:165), are more nearly like Z. h. americanus in size and shape of the auditory bullae, short zygomata, relatively narrow mastoid region, and color of pelage.

Specimens from the lower peninsula of Michigan, northeastern Indiana, and northwestern Ohio, described by Bole and Moulthrop (op. cit.:168) as belonging to a new subspecies (Zapus hudsonius brevipes), are to me indistinguishable from most specimens of Z. h. americanus. The characters which Bole and Moulthrop (loc. cit.) ascribe to Z. h. brevipes--color bright Ochraceous-Buff, tail and hind feet short, and skull narrow--are also those of Z. h. americanus.

Specimens from various localities in southeastern Ohio, all within the range ascribed by Bole and Moulthrop (op. cit.:169) to Zapus hudsonius rafinesquei, are indistinguishable from specimens of Z. h. americanus from eastern Tennessee, West Virginia, North Carolina, and Maryland. Zapus hudsonius rafinesquei (at least that part from southeastern Ohio) is indistinguishable from Z. h. americanus and therefore is synonymized under Z. h. americanus.

Specimens from Lagrange County, Indiana, show intergradation between Zapus hudsonius intermedius and Z. h. americanus in the color of the pelage but are more nearly like Z. h. americanus to which they are here referred. One from Porter County, Indiana, is more nearly like Z. h. intermedius in size and shape of the bullae and in breadth of the pterygoid fossae but in color and degree of lateral bowing of the zygomata is better placed with Z. h. americanus.

Z. h. americanus is a wide ranging subspecies. Animals at the northern periphery of the range (lower peninsula of Michigan to the west and southeastern Massachusetts to the east) are largest and darkest; to the southward there is a progressive reduction in size and a change to a lighter, brighter color. Animals from Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina are more nearly average representatives of the subspecies than are those from the region of the type locality.

A jumping mouse allegedly of this subspecies has been recorded by Coleman (1941:91) from Caesars Head, 300 ft., South Carolina. This specimen and one from Athens, Georgia, provide the southeasternmost record-stations of occurrence for the species Z. hudsonius.

Specimens examined.--Total, 318, distributed as follows:

CONNECTICUT: Hartford County: Windsor, 1 (USBS); East Hartford, 2 (MCZ). Litchfield County: Sharon, 3 (AMNH); Macedonia Park, 2 (AMNH). Middlesex County: Clinton, 1 (AMNH). Windham County: South Woodstock, 10 (AMNH); Pomfret, near Hampton line, 1.

GEORGIA: Clarke Co.: Athens, 1 (USBS).

INDIANA: Lagrange Co.: no exact locality, 2 (UM). Porter Co.: Mineral Springs, 1 (FM); no exact locality, 1 (FM).

MARYLAND: Anne Arundel County: Patuxent Research Refuge, 1 (USBS). Charles County: no exact locality, 1 (USBS). Garrett Co.: Finzel, 6 mi. N Frostburg, 1 (USBS). Montgomery County: Sandy Springs, 2 (USBS); Kensington, 1 (USNM); Cabin John Bridge, 2 (1 USBS; 1 USNM). Prince Georges County: Laurel, 8 (USNM); Branchville, 1 (USBS); College Park, 1. Worchester County: Assateague, 5 mi. S Ocean City, 1 (USBS).

MASSACHUSETTS: Barnstable County: West Falmouth, 1 (USBS). Bristol County: Raynham, 1 (Clev. MNH). Dukes County: Martha's Vineyard, 1 (USBS); West Chop, Martha's Vineyard, 1 (Clev. MNH). Nantucket County: Nantucket Island, 1 (USNM). Plymouth County: Middleboro, 1 (USNM); Plymouth, 1 (UM); Marshfield, 6 (USBS); Wareham, 3 (1 Clev. MNH; 2 UM).

MICHIGAN: Alcona Co.: 2 mi. S Harrisville, 2 (UM). Allegan Co.: near junction Swan Creek and Kalamazoo River, 3 (UM). Berrien Co.: Warren Woods, 2 (UM); Three Oaks, 1 (UM). Charlevoix Co.: Thumb Lake, 1 (UM); Section 1 Norwood Township, 1 (UM); Boyne Falls, 12 (UM); 2 mi. S Boyne Falls, 2 (UM). Cheboygan Co.: Douglas Lake, 2 (UM). Clinton Co.: 2 mi. SE DeWitt, 1 (UM). Emmet Co.: Maple River, near Douglas Lake, 1 (UM). Huron Co.: Rush Lake, 1 (UM). Kalamazoo Co.: no exact locality, 1 (UM). Lake Co.: 1 mi. NW Chase, 1 (UM). Livingston Co.: George Reserve, Pinckney, 2 (UM); Upper Whitewood Lake, 1 (UM); Whitmore Lake, 1 (UM); Portage Lake, 3 (UM). Mason Co.: 9 mi. N Ludington, 1 (UM). Midland Co.: Sanford, 1 (UM). Montmorency Co.: T. 32N, R. 1E, Sec. 30, 1 (UM). Muskegon Co.: 4 mi. NW North Muskegon, 2 (UM). Oakland Co.: Bloomfield, 1 (UM); no exact locality, 1 (UM). Otsego Co.: Pigeon River, 1 (UM); T. 32N, R. 1W, Sec. 25, 1 (UM); Waters, 1. Roscommon Co.: T. 24N, R. 2W, Sec. 2, 1 (UM). Shiawassee Co.: 1/2 mi. NE Byron, 5 (UM); 1/4 mi. S Byron, 2 (UM); 2 mi. SE Byron, 1 (UM); 3 mi. SW Byron, 1 (UM). Van Buren Co.: Van Auken Lake, 1 (UM). Washtenaw County: Whitmore Lake, 1 (UM); 2 mi. W Cherry Hill, 1 (UM); Ann Arbor, 7 (UM); 2 mi. E Ann Arbor, 2 (UM); Willow Run Village, 1 (UM).

NEW JERSEY: Bergen County: Harrington Park, 1 (AMNH); Englewood, 1 (USNM). Cape May County: Mays Landing, 3 (Clev. MNH). Morris County: Mendham, 1 (AMNH). Ocean County: Tuckerton, 3 (USBS).

NEW YORK: Broome Co.: 5 mi. N Binghamton, 2 (USNM). Cayuga County: E Aurora, 1 (USBS). Greene County: Catskills, 4 (USNM); Kaaterskill Junction, 1 (USNM). Madison County: Peterboro, 25 (2 MCZ; 19 USNM; 4 Clev. MNH). Nassau County: Locust Grove, 3 (USNM). Orange Co.: Cranberry Pond, 840 ft., Highland, 2 (USNM). Otsego County: Lake Charlotte, 1 (AMNH). Queens County: Woodside, Long Island, 1 (USNM); near Forest Hills, Long Island, 1 (AMNH); Ray Nu Beach, Long Island, 1 (USNM). Rockland County: Tappan, 1 (AMNH). Schoharie County: Lawyersville, 1 (AMNH); Schoharie, 1 (AMNH). Suffolk County: Montauk Point, Long Island, 8 (USBS). Tioga County: Owego, 1 (USBS). Westchester Co.: Bedford, 1 (AMNH).

NORTH CAROLINA: Buncombe County: Weaverville, 1 (AMNH). Cherokee Co.: Martin Creek, 2 (UM). Mitchell County: Roan Mountain, 2 (USBS). Wake County: Raleigh, 5 (3 USNM; 1 UM; 1 NCS).

OHIO: Carroll Co.: Carrollton, 2 (UM). Cuyahoga County: Big Creek, Brookside Park, 1 (Clev. MNH); Dover, 1 (Clev. MNH); Rocky River Metr. Park, 3 (Clev. MNH); North Olmstead, 1 (Clev. MNH). Erie Co.: Milan, 1 (Clev. MNH); Mill Hollow, Vermilion River, 1 (Clev. MNH). Lake Co.: Holden Arboretum, 3 (Clev. MNH). Meigs Co.: Portland Station, 1 (Clev. MNH). Seneca Co.: Bettsville, 4 (Clev. MNH); Old Fort Seneca, 4 (Clev. MNH); Corners, 1 (Clev. MNH). Wayne Co.: Wooster, 1 (UM); Craighton, 1 (UM).

PENNSYLVANIA: Beaver Co.: 1 mi. NE Darlington, 1 (CM); 2 mi. E Industry, 1 (CM); 4 mi. E Frankfort, 2 (CM). Bedford Co.: 1 mi. NE Osterburg, 1 (CM). Berks Co.: 2 mi. W Strausstown, 1 (USNM). Bradford Co.: 2-1/2 mi. NNW Wyalusing, 2 (CM). Bucks Co.: 2 mi. N New Britain, 1 (CM). Butler Co.: Thorn Creek, 4 mi. S Butler, 4 (CM); 2 mi. E Middle Lancaster, 1 (CM); Orphans Home, 2 mi. E Mars, 2 (CM). Cambria Co.: 2-1/2 mi. S Patton, 1750 ft., 1 (CM); 5-1/2 mi. NE Ebensburg, 1 (CM). Centre Co.: 2, mi. E Snowshoe, 2 (CM). Chester Co.: 2 mi. S West Chester, 1 (CM). Clinton Co.: Tamarack, 9 mi. NNW Renovo, 1 (CM). Crawford Co.: Pymatuning Lake, 3 (Clev. MNH). Erie Co.: 4-1/2 mi. SW [town of] North East; 2 (CM); East Springfield, 1 (CM). Fulton Co.: 1-1/2 mi. NE Warfordsburg, 580 ft., 1 (CM). Huntington Co.: 6-1/2 mi. S Shade Gap, 2 (CM). Indiana Co.: 1/2 mi. E Indiana, 1320 ft., 2 (CM). Lebanon Co.: 1-1/2 mi. SE Cornwall, 800 ft., 1 (CM). Mercer Co.: 2-1/2 mi. W Mercer, 2 (CM); 5 mi. S Mercer, 1 (CM). Monroe Co.: Pocene Lake, 1(CM). Pike Co.: Bruce Lake, 1 (CM). Potter Co.: Woodcock Run, 7-1/2 mi. WSW Ulysses, 2 (CM). Sommerset County: 4 mi. SW Somerset, 2100 ft., 2 (CM); New Lexington, 1 (USBS). Susquehanna Co.: 10 mi. NNW Montrose, 1 (CM). Union Co.: Glen Iron, 2 (CM). Warren Co.: Bensons Swamp, 5 mi. E Columbus, 1 (USNM); Miles Run, 5 mi. NW Pittsfield, 1 (CM); 1-1/2 mi. N Pittsfield, 1 (CM); 2-1/2 mi. N Kinzua, 2 (CM); 2 mi. N Kinzua, 1 (CM).

TENNESSEE: Carter Co.: 3 mi. SSW Roan Mountain (town), 2900 ft., 1 (UM).

VIRGINIA: Amelia Co.: Amelia, 1 (UM). Elizabeth City County: Near Hampton, 2 (UM). Fairfax County: Fall Church, 4 (2 USNM; 2 USBS); opposite Plummers Island, Maryland, 1 (USNM). Highland Co.: Laurel Park, 9 mi. NNW Monterey, 3100 ft., 4 (UM). Nelson Co.: no exact locality, 5 (USNM). Norfolk County: Deep Creek, 1 (USBS). Page Co.: no exact locality, 1 (USNM). Smyth Co.: Sugar Grove, 1 (UM); 1/2 mi. E Konnarock, 2800 ft., 1 (UM). Washington Co.: Konnarock, 2900 ft., 1 (UM).

WASHINGTON D. C.: Chevy Chase, 1 (USBS); no exact locality, 4 (3 USNM; 1 USBS).

WEST VIRGINIA: Monongalia Co.: Morgantown, 6.

Marginal records.--Michigan: Douglas Lake; Bloomfield. New York: E Aurora; Peterboro; Catskills. Connecticut: Sharon; South Woodstock. Massachusetts: Middleboro. New Jersey: Tuckerton. Maryland: Assateague, 5 mi. S Ocean City. North Carolina: Raleigh. Georgia: Athens. Indiana: Mineral Springs. Michigan: 9 mi. N Ludington.

=Zapus hudsonius campestris= Preble

Zapus hudsonius campestris Preble, N. Amer. Fauna, 15:20, August 8, 1899.

Type.--Male, adult, No. 65872 U. S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Surv. Coll.; Bear Lodge Mt's [Crook County], Wyoming; obtained on June 21, 1894, by B. H. Dutcher, original No. 600.

Range.--Southeastern Montana, southwestern South Dakota, and northeastern Wyoming. See fig. 47. Zonal range: Transition.