Life Histories of North American Wood Warblers, Part 1 (of 2)

Part 1

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Life Histories of North American Wood Warblers

Arthur Cleveland Bent

_in two parts

Part 1_

Dover Publications, Inc. New York

Published in the United Kingdom by Constable and Company, Limited, 10 Orange Street, London W. C. 2.

This Dover edition, first published in 1963, is an unabridged and unaltered republication of the work first published in 1953 by the United States Government Printing Office, as Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin 203.

Standard Book Number: 486-21153-3

Manufactured in the United States of America

Dover Publications, Inc.

180 Varick Street

New York 14, N. Y.

ADVERTISEMENT

Part 2

The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletins.

The Proceedings series, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes.

The series of Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, contains separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of type specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which the larger page was regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum.

The present work forms No. 203 of the Bulletin series.

REMINGTON KELLOGG,

Director, United States National Museum.

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction ix

Order PASSERIFORMES 1

Family Parulidae: Wood warblers 1

Mniotilta varia: Black-and-white warbler 5 Habits 5 Distribution 14

Protonotaria citrea: Prothonotary warbler 17 Habits 17 Distribution 28

Limnothlypis swainsonii: Swainson's warbler 30 Habits 30 Distribution 37

Helmitheros vermivoros: Worm-eating warbler 38 Habits 38 Distribution 45

Vermivora chrysoptera: Golden-winged warbler 47 Habits 47 Distribution 56

Vermivora pinus: Blue-winged warbler 58 Habits 58 Distribution 65

Vermivora bachmanii: Bachman's warbler 67 Habits 67 Distribution 73

Vermivora peregrina: Tennessee warbler 75 Habits 75 Distribution 86

Vermivora celata celata: Eastern orange-crowned warbler 89 Habits 89 Distribution 94

Vermivora celata orestera: Rocky Mountain orange-crowned warbler 98 Habits 98

Vermivora celata lutescens: Lutescent orange-crowned warbler 99 Habits 99

Vermivora celata sordida: Dusky orange-crowned warbler 103 Habits 103

Vermivora ruficapilla ruficapilla: Eastern Nashville warbler 105 Habits 105 Distribution 113

Vermivora ruficapilla ridgwayi: Western Nashville warbler 116 Habits 116

Vermivora virginiae: Virginia's warbler 119 Habits 119 Distribution 124

Vermivora crissalis: Colima warbler 126 Habits 126 Distribution 129

Vermivora luciae: Lucy's warbler 129 Habits 129 Distribution 134

Part 3

Parula americana pusilla: Northern parula warbler 135 Habits 135 Distribution 145

Parula americana americana: Southern parula warbler 147 Habits 147

Parula pitiayumi nigrilora: Sennett's olive-backed warbler 149 Habits 149 Distribution 152

Parula graysoni: Socorro warbler 152 Habits 152 Distribution 153

Peucedramus taeniatus arizonae: Northern olive warbler 153 Habits 153 Distribution 160

Dendroica petechia aestiva: Eastern yellow warbler 160 Habits 160 Distribution 178

Dendroica petechia amnicola: Newfoundland yellow warbler 182 Habits 182

Dendroica petechia rubiginosa: Alaska yellow warbler 184 Habits 184

Dendroica petechia morcomi: Rocky Mountain yellow warbler 185 Habits 185

Dendroica petechia brewsteri: California yellow warbler 186 Habits 186

Dendroica petechia sonorana: Sonora yellow warbler 189 Habits 189

Dendroica petechia gundlachi: Cuban yellow warbler 190 Habits 190

Dendroica petechia castaneiceps: Mangrove yellow warbler 191 Habits 191

Dendroica magnolia: Magnolia warbler 195 Habits 195 Distribution 209

Dendroica tigrina: Cape May warbler 212 Habits 212 Distribution 222

Dendroica caerulescens caerulescens: Northern black-throated blue warbler 224 Habits 224 Distribution 233

Dendroica caerulescens cairnsi: Cairns' warbler 237 Habits 237

Dendroica coronata coronata: Eastern myrtle warbler 239 Habits 239 Distribution 254

Dendroica coronata hooveri: Alaska myrtle warbler 258 Habits 258

Dendroica auduboni auduboni: Pacific Audubon's warbler 260 Habits 260 Distribution 271

Dendroica auduboni nigrifrons: Black-fronted Audubon's warbler 273 Habits 273

Dendroica nigrescens: Black-throated gray warbler 275 Habits 275 Distribution 281

Dendroica towndsendi: Townsend's warbler 282 Habits 282 Distribution 290

Dendroica virens virens: Northern black-throated green warbler 291 Habits 291 Distribution 304

Dendroica virens waynei: Wayne's black-throated green warbler 308 Habits 308

Dendroica chrysoparia: Golden-cheeked warbler 316 Habits 316 Distribution 321

Dendroica occidentalis: Hermit warbler 321 Habits 321 Distribution 328

Dendroica cerulea: Cerulean warbler 329 Habits 329 Distribution 335

Part 4

Dendroica fusca: Blackburnian warbler 337 Habits 337 Distribution 347

Dendroica dominica dominica: Eastern yellow-throated warbler 349 Habits 349 Distribution 358

Dendroica dominica albilora: Sycamore yellow-throated warbler 359 Habits 359

Dendroica graciae graciae: Northern Grace's warbler 363 Habits 363 Distribution 367

INTRODUCTION

This is the nineteenth in a series of bulletins of the United States National Museum on the life histories of North American birds. Previous numbers have been issued as follows:

107. Life Histories of North American Diving Birds, August 1, 1919.

113. Life Histories of North American Gulls and Terns, August 27, 1921.

121. Life Histories of North American Petrels and Pelicans and Their Allies, October 19, 1922.

126. Life Histories of North American Wild Fowl (part), May 25, 1923.

130. Life Histories of North American Wild Fowl (part), June 27, 1925.

135. Life Histories of North American Marsh Birds, March 11, 1927.

142. Life Histories of North American Shore Birds (pt. 1), December 31, 1927.

146. Life Histories of North American Shore Birds (pt. 2), March 24, 1929.

162. Life Histories of North American Gallinaceous Birds, May 25, 1932.

167. Life Histories of North American Birds of Prey (pt. 1), May 3, 1937.

170. Life Histories of North American Birds of Prey (pt. 2), August 8, 1938.

174. Life Histories of North American Woodpeckers, May 23, 1939.

176. Life Histories of North American Cuckoos, Goatsuckers, Hummingbirds, and Their Allies, July 20, 1940.

179. Life Histories of North American Flycatchers, Larks, Swallows, and Their Allies, May 8, 1942.

191. Life Histories of North American Jays, Crows, and Titmice, January 27, 1947.

195. Life Histories of North American Nuthatches, Wrens, Thrashers, and Their Allies, July 7, 1948.

196. Life Histories of North American Thrushes, Kinglets, and Their Allies, June 28, 1949.

197. Life Histories of North American Wagtails, Shrikes, Vireos, and Their Allies, June 21, 1950.

The paragraphs on distribution for the Colima and Kirtland's warblers were supplied by Dr. Josselyn Van Tyne with his contributions on these species.

All other data on distribution and migration were contributed by the Fish and Wildlife Service under the supervision of Frederick C. Lincoln.

The same general plan has been followed as explained in previous bulletins, and the same sources of information have been used. It does not seem necessary to explain the plan again here. The nomenclature of the Check-List of North American Birds (1931), with its supplements, of the American Ornithologists' Union, has been followed. Forms not recognized in this list have not been included.

Many who have contributed material for previous Bulletins have continued to cooperate. Receipts of material from several hundred contributors has been acknowledged in previous Bulletins. In addition to these, our thanks are due to the following new contributors: G. A. Ammann, O. L. Austin, Jr., F. S. Barkalow, Jr., Ralph Beebe, H. E. Bennett, A. J. Berger, Virgilio Biaggi, Jr., C. H. Blake, Don Bleitz, B. J. Blincoe, L. C. Brecher, Jeanne Broley, Maurice Broun, J. H. Buckalew, I. W. Burr, N. K. Carpenter, May T. Cooke, H. L. Crockett, Grace Crowe, Ruby Curry, J. V. Dennis, E. von S. Dingle, M. S. Dunlap, J. J. Elliott, A. H. Fast, Edith K. Frey, J. E. Galley, J. H. Gerard, Lydia Getell, H. B. Goldstein, Alan Gordon, L. I. Grinnell, Horace Groskin, F. G. Gross, G. W. Gullion, E. M. Hall, R. H. Hansman, Katharine C. Harding, H. H. Harrison, J. W. Hopkins, N. L. Huff, Verna R. Johnston, Malcolm Jollie, R. S. Judd, M. B. Land, Louise de K. Lawrence, R. E. Lawrence, G. H. Lowery, J. M. Markle, C. R. Mason, D. L. McKinley, R. J. Middleton, Lyle Miller, A. H. Morgan, R. H. Myers, W. H. Nicholson, F. H. Orcutt, H. L. Orians, R. A. O'Reilly, A. A. Outram, G. H. Parks, K. C. Parkes, M. M. Peet, J. L. Peters, F. A. Pitelka, Mariana Roach, James Rooney, Jr., O. M. Root, G. B. Saunders, James Sawders, Mary C. Shaub, Dorothy E. Snyder, Doris Heustis Speirs, E. A. Stoner, P. B. Street, H. R. Sweet, E. W. Teale, A. B. Williams, G. G. Williams, R. B. Williams, Mrs. T. E. Winford, and A. M. Woodbury.

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