Part 81

Philip, Duke of Anjou, vii. 99, 100; king of Spain (Philip V.), 101, 141, 142, 186

Philip, Archduke of Austria, iii. 170, 186, 208

Philiphaugh, battle of, vi. 41

Philippa of Hainault, wife of Edward III., ii. 198, 245-247

Philippines, the, conquered by England, vii. 307; restored to Spain, ib.

Philpot, John, ii. 312

Picardy ceded to Burgundy, iii. 120; restored to France, 122

Pichegru, General, viii. 110

Pickering, Sir Gilbert, vi. 325

Picts, the, i. 30; defeated by Hengest and Horsa, 32; own Ecgfrith's supremacy, 88; defeat him at Nectansmere, 89

Piers the Ploughman, ii. 178, 269-272

Pilgrim Fathers, the, v. 308-310

Pilgrimage of Grace, iii. 323

Pillnitz, conference at, viii. 96

Pinkie Cleugh, battle of, iv. 53

Pitt, William, vii. 204, 220; opposes treaty with Russia, 247; his relations with Walpole and the Pelhams, 249-251; his lofty spirit, 251-255; patriotism, 255-257; eloquence, 257-259; statesmanship, 259, 260; supports Frederick II., 262, 263; his place among English statesmen, 275, 276; rejects peace with France and supports Frederick, 302; plans of war in 1761, 303; resigns, 304; relations with George III. and the Whigs, 316; denounces the Stamp Act, 327; recalled to office, 328; again withdraws, 329; supports American resistance, 331; demands repeal of the Stamp Act, 331; his policy towards America, 337; attacks the Declaratory Act, 338; forms a ministry, 339, 340. See Chatham

Pitt, William, the younger, viii. 52, 62; his Reform Bill, 63, 64; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 65; new scheme for parliamentary reform, 67; First Lord of the Treasury, 69; his temper, 70-72; statesmanship, 72-74; his plans of parliamentary reform, 75, 76; finance, 77; treaty of commerce with France, 79; advocates abolition of slave-trade, ib.; resists the prince's claim to the regency, 84; attitude towards the French Revolution, 84, 86, 88, 89, 91, 95; supports Fox's Libel Act, 92; gives a constitution to Canada, ib.; endeavours to maintain peace, 102, 103; position after the declaration of war, 104, 105; his financial difficulties, 113, 114; negotiations with France, 121, 126; introduces the Income-Tax, 137; effects union with Ireland, 138, 139; his position during the war, 148-151; revives plans for Catholic emancipation in Ireland, 152-155; retires, 148, 155; opposes Russia, 161; returns to office, 170; subsidizes a league against Napoleon, 172; death, 173, 174

Pittsburg, vii. 266

Pius II., Pope, iii. 162

Pius IV., Pope, his policy, iv. 190, 191; recalls the council to Trent, 192, 193; forbids attendance of Catholics at English Church service, 214

Pius V., Pope, iv. 226, 250; relations with Philip II., 254, 256; sends envoys to the English Catholics, 264; issues a Bull for deposition of Elizabeth, 265; sanctions the plans of Mary and Norfolk, 272

Pius VI., Pope, viii. 136

Pizarro, Francisco, iv. 329

Place Bill, vii. 62, 82

Plassey, battle of, vii. 261, 262

Plattsburg, English attempt on, viii. 205

Plauen, battle of, vii. 264

Pleas, Common, Court of, ii. 109; of the Crown, i. 264; ii. 109