Part 56

Mix, place over the fire, and stir until the mixture thickens. Then rub through a coarse sieve.

«Essence of Anchovies.»—Remove the bones from 1 pound of anchovies, reduce the remaining portions of the fish to a pulp in a Wedgewood mortar, and pass through a clean hair or brass sieve. Boil the bones and other portions which will not pass through the sieve in 1 pint of water for 15 minutes, and strain. To the strained liquor add 2 1⁠/⁠2 ounces of salt and 2 1⁠/⁠2 ounces of flour, and the pulped anchovies. Let the whole simmer over the fire for three or four minutes; remove from the fire, and when the mixture has cooled a little add 4 ounces of strong vinegar. The product (nearly 3 pounds) may be then bottled, and the corks tied over with bladder, and either waxed or capsuled.

«Anchovy Paste.»—

Anchovies 7 pounds Water 9 pints Salt 1 pound Flour 1 pound Capsicum 1⁠/⁠4 ounce Grated lemon peel 1 Mushroom catsup 4 ounces

«Anchovy Butter.»—

Anchovies, boned and beaten to a paste 1 part Butter 2 parts Spice enough

ANTIFOULING COMPOSITIONS: See Paints.

ANTIFREEZING SOLUTION: See Freezing Preventives.

ANTIFRICTION METAL: See Alloys, under Phosphor Bronze and Antifriction Metals.

«ANTIQUES, TO PRESERVE.»

The best process for the preservation of antique metallic articles consists in a retransformation of the metallic oxides into metal by the electrolytic method. For this purpose a zinc strip is wound around the article and the latter is laid in a soda-lye solution of 5 per cent, or suspended as the negative pole of a small battery in a potassium cyanide solution of 2 per cent. Where this method does not seem practicable it is advisable to edulcorate the objects in running water, in which operation fragile or easily destroyed articles may be protected by winding with gauze; next, they should be carefully dried, first in the air, then with moderate heat, and finally protected from further destruction by immersion in melted paraffine. A dry place is required for storing the articles, since paraffine is not perfectly impermeable to water in the shape of steam.

ANTIRUST COMPOSITIONS: See Rust Preventives.

«Antiseptics»

«Antiseptic Powders.»—

I.—Borax 3 ounces Dried alum 3 ounces Thymol 22 grains Eucalyptol 20 drops Menthol 1 1⁠/⁠2 grains Phenol 15 grains Oil of gaultheria 4 drops Carmine to give a pink tint.

II.—Alum, powdered 50 parts by weight Borax, powdered 50 parts by weight Carbolic acid, crystals 5 parts by weight Oil of eucalyptus 5 parts by weight Oil of wintergreen 5 parts by weight Menthol 5 parts by weight Thymol 5 parts by weight

III.—Boracic acid 10 ounces Sodium biborate 4 ounces Alum 1 ounce Zinc sulphocarbolate 1 ounce Thymic acid 1 drachm.

Mix thoroughly. For an antiseptic wash dissolve 1 or 2 drachms in a quart of warm water.

IV.—Ektogan is a new dusting powder which is a mixture of zinc hydroxide and dioxide. It is equivalent to about 8 per cent of active oxygen. It is a yellowish-white odorless and tasteless powder, insoluble in water. It is used externally in wounds and in skin diseases as a moist dressing mixed with citric, tartaric, or {99} tannic acid, which causes the liberation of oxygen. With iodides it liberates iodine. It is stated to be strongly antiseptic; it is used in the form of a powder, a gauze, and a plaster.

«Antiseptic Pencils.»—

I.—Tannin q. s. Alcohol, q. s 1 part Ether, q. s 3 parts

Make into a mass, using as an excipient the alcohol and ether previously mixed. Roll into pencils of the desired length and thickness. Then coat with collodion, roll in pure silver leaf, and finally coat with the following solution of gelatine and set aside to dry:

Gelatine 1 drachm Water 1 pint

Dissolve by the aid of a gentle heat.

When wanted for use, shave away a portion of the covering, dip the pencil into tepid water and apply.

II.—Pencils for stopping bleeding are prepared by mixing:

Purified alum 480 parts by weight Borax 24 parts by weight Oxide zinc 2 1⁠/⁠2 parts by weight Thymol 8 parts by weight Formalin 4 parts by weight

Melting carefully in a water bath, adding some perfume, and forming mixture into pencils or cones.