Part 462

I.—Sulphur 4 ounces Tobacco dust 6 ounces Cedar oil 1⁠/⁠4 ounce White hellebore 4 ounces Crude naphthol 1 ounce Powdered chalk, q.s. 2 pounds

II.—Sulphur 1 ounce Carbolic acid 1⁠/⁠4 ounce Crude naphthol 1 ounce Powdered chalk 1 pound

«Roup or Gapes.»—Roup in poultry is caused by the presence of parasites or entozoa in the windpipe. Young birds are most commonly affected. The best method of treatment is to expose the affected bird to the fumes of heated carbolic acid until on the point of suffocation. The bird may be placed in a box with a hot brick, and carbolic acid placed thereon. The fowls soon recover from the incipient suffocation, and are almost always freed from the disease. Care must be taken to burn the parasites coughed out, and the bodies of any birds which may die of the disease. The following powders for the treatment of “roup” in poultry have been recommended:

I.—Potassium chlorate 1 ounce Powdered cubebs 1 ounce Powdered anise 1⁠/⁠2 ounce Powdered licorice 1 1⁠/⁠2 ounces

Mix a teaspoonful with the food for 20 hens.

II.—Ammonium chloride 1 ounce Black antimony 1⁠/⁠4 ounce Powdered anise 1⁠/⁠2 ounce Powdered squill 1⁠/⁠4 ounce Powdered licorice 2 ounces

Mix and use in the foregoing.

«FOR SHEEP:»

«Dips.»—For the prevention of “scab” in sheep, which results from the burrowing of an acarus or the destruction of the parasite when present, various preparations of a somewhat similar character are used. The following formulas for sheep dips are recommended by the United States Department of Agriculture:

I.—Soap 1 pound Crude carbolic acid 1 pint Water 50 gallons

Dissolve the soap in a gallon or more of boiling water, add the acid, and stir thoroughly.

II.—Fresh skimmed milk 1 gallon Kerosene 2 gallons

Churn together until emulsified, or mix and put into the mixture a force pump and direct the stream from the pump back into the mixture. The emulsification will take place more rapidly if the milk be added while boiling hot.

Use 1 gallon of this emulsion to each 10 gallons of water required.

«Constipation.»—

I.—Green soap 150 grains Linseed oil 1 1⁠/⁠2 ounces Water 15 ounces

Give 1⁠/⁠5 every 1⁠/⁠2 hour till action takes place.

II.—Calomel 1 1⁠/⁠2 grains Sugar 15 grains

One dose.

«Loss of Appetite.»—

Sodium sulphate, dried 90 grains Sodium bicarbonate 30 grains Rhubarb 30 grains Calamus 90 grains

Form the mass into 6 pills. Give one twice daily.

«Inflammation of the Eyes.»—

Zinc sulphate 20 grains Mucilage quince seed 4 ounces Distilled water 4 ounces

Bathe eyes twice daily.

«Vinegar»

I.—Into a hogshead with a large bunghole put 1,500 parts, by weight, of honey, 125 parts of carob-pods, cut into pieces, 50 parts of powdered red or white potassium bitartrate, 125 parts of powdered tartaric acid, 2,000 parts of raisin stems, 400 parts of the best brewers’ yeast, or 500 of leaven rubbed up in water; add 16,000 parts of triple vinegar and 34,000 parts of 40 per cent spirit, containing no fusel oil. Stir all vigorously together; fill up the hogshead with hot water (100° F.), close the bunghole with gauze to keep out insects, and let the contents of the cask stand for from 4 to 6 weeks or until they have turned to vinegar. The temperature of the room should be from 77° to 88° F.

Draw off half the vinegar, and fill the hogshead up again with 15 parts of soft water and 1 part of spirit (40 per cent). Do this 4 times, then draw off all the vinegar and begin the first process over again. This method of making vinegar is suitable for households and small dealers, but would not suffice for {735} wholesale manufacturers, since it would take too long to produce any large amount.