SECTION XI.. Operations.

OPERATIONS.

I. CONTROL OF ANIMALS 720 Control of oxen 720 Partial control 720 Control of the limbs 720 General control 722 Control by casting 723 Control of sheep and goats 725 Control of pigs 725 Anæsthesia 726

II. CIRCULATORY APPARATUS 727 Bleeding 727 Bleeding in sheep 727 Bleeding in the pig 728 Setons, rowels, plugs, or issues 728

III. APPARATUS OF LOCOMOTION 730 Surgical dressing for a claw 730 Amputation of the claw or of the two last phalanges 730

IV. DIGESTIVE APPARATUS 734 Ringing pigs 734 Œsophagus 734 Passing the probang 735 Crushing foreign bodies in the œsophagus 735 Œsophagotomy 736 Sub-mucous dissection of the foreign body 736 Rumen 737 Puncture of the rumen 737 Gastrotomy 739 Laparotomy 740 Herniæ 741 Inguinal hernia in young pigs 741 Imperforate anus 742 Prolapsus and inversion of the rectum 743

V. RESPIRATORY APPARATUS 745 Trephining the facial sinuses 745 Trephining the horn core 745 Frontal sinus 745 Maxillary sinus 745 Tracheotomy 746

VI. GENITO-URINARY ORGANS 747 Urethrotomy in the ox 747 Ischial urethrotomy 747 Scrotal urethrotomy 748 Passage of the catheter and urethrotomy in the ram 749 Passage of the catheter in the cow 750 Castration 751 Castration of the bull and ram 751 Bistournage 751 Martelage 756 Castration by clams 756 Castration by torsion 757 Castration with the actual cautery 758 Castration by the elastic ligature 758 Castration of the ram 759 Castration of boars and young pigs 759 Castration of cryptorchids 760 Female genital organs 760 Castration of the cow 761 Castration of the sow 765 Suture of the vulva 768 Trusses 769 Section of the sphincter of the teat 770 Dilatation of the orifice of the teat 770 Ablation of the mammæ 771

DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS AND SWINE.