Part 20

(4) Cases where there is no direct relation between the person, fact, or event, and the date, or number word or words. In such cases, Synthesis, which is taught hereafter, develops an indirect relation. Synthesis is used in three cases: (1) Where there is no relation existing between the fact or event and its date word; (2) Where we are ignorant of all the facts which would give us significant or analytic date-words; and (3) where we know the needful pertinent facts with which analytic words could be formed, but we cannot recall them for use. In these three cases Synthesis must be used. I will now give and illustrate the rules for the prompt finding of analytic date or number words.

The preparation for thus remembering numbers without effort is the only exertion required. When the method is mastered, the application of it is made with the greatest ease and pleasure.

There are four indispensable requisites to finding analytic date and number words promptly.

(1) SUCH A MASTERY OF THE FIGURE ALPHABET THAT THE CONSONANT EQUIVALENTS OF THE CIPHER AND NINE DIGITS ARE AT INSTANT COMMAND, AND NEVER HAVE TO BE LOOKED UP WHEN YOU HAVE TO DEAL WITH FIGURES.

Pumps were invented in 1425. A student who thinks 2 is to be translated by "m" instead of "n," translates the dates by these phrases, viz., "Drum a whale," or "Trim oil," or "To ram a wall." As these phrases sustain the relation neither of In., Ex., or Con. to the fact, they are hard to be remembered; and if remembered, they mislead. The student who has mastered the Fig. Alphabet remembers that "n" stands for 2, and if he knows the object of pumps, he at once finds the analytic phrase, "Drain a well." The formula would be: "The pump invented--{D}{r}ai{n} a we{l}l (1425)," or (1) Wa{t}er (4) {r}aised (2) i{n} a (5) ho{l}low. How could he forget the date?

Tea was first used in Europe in 1601. The unobserving student imagines that 6 is translated by g^hard, k, c^hard, q, or ng, and so he translates 1601 into "Ou{tc}a{st}," (1701); a mistake of 100 years, and, besides, "Outcast" is wholly unconnected with the introduction of tea into Europe. The genuine student knows that 6 is represented by sh, j, ch, or g^soft, and so he at once finds the analytic formula: "Tea first introduced into Europe--{T}ea {ch}e{s}{t} (1601)." The figure phrase bears the relation of In. and Con. to the event, and cannot be forgotten. Besides many people believe that tea helps digestion, and such persons would find an analytic date-word thus: "Tea first used in Europe--{D}i{g}e{s}{t} (1601)."

1. What is sometimes necessary? 2. In how many cases is Synthesis used? 3. What are they? 4. How many indispensable requisites are there to finding analytic date and number words promptly? 5. Is draining a well the sole object of a pump? 6. Was such its purpose originally? 7. Explain the two phrases used to fix the date of the introduction of tea into Europe. 8. Can a figure phrase that bears the relation of In., Ex., or Con. to the event be forgotten?

"C^soft" is often mistaken for "c^hard" by careless learners. Fulton's steamboat "Clermont" was launched in 1807. Such a pupil translates that date by the phrase, "{D}e{f}ie{s} i{c}e" (1800). Here "c" is soft and represents a cipher and not 7. "{D}e{f}y a {s}{c}ow" gives the exact date. Here the "c" is hard and represents 7, and as the steamboat could easily outrun the "scow," the phrase is easily remembered.

An impatient pupil who never learns anything thoroughly often disregards the rule about silent consonants. Braddock and most of his men were killed by the Indians in 1755. This date this pupil translates by the phrase, "Dock knell all" (17255). He overlooks the fact that 17 was expressed by "Dock," and no one out of a mad-house can tell how he came to add "knell all," unless he had forgotten that he had provided for the 7 of 17, and imagined that "k" in knell is sounded. But how account for "n" to introduce 2? A genuine pupil would find the analytic phrase in "{Th}ey {k}i{l}l a{l}l" (1755).

Andrew Jackson, the seventh President, died in 1845. The unindustrious pupil imagines that "p" represents 8, and not "f" or "v," and translates 1845 into "{T}o {p}ou{r} oi{l}" (1945). The diligent student finds an analytic translation of the date in the phrase "{Th}e {f}a{r}ewe{l}l" (1845).

These illustrations are sufficient to convince any one that the Figure Alphabet must be mastered before the attempt is made to deal with dates and numbers.

(2) THE PUPIL MUST POSSESS SUCH A MASTERY OF THE SUBJECT MATTER THAT HE CAN INSTANTLY RECALL FACTS RELATING THERETO ON THE LINES OF IN., EX., AND CON. If he lacks such knowledge he had better deal with dates and numbers which he must remember by synthesis [hereafter], or by Numeric Thinking, rather than strive in vain to find analytic date and number words.

1. What mistake does the impatient pupil make? 2. Does this not convince you that the figure alphabet must be mastered before the attempt is made to deal with dates? 3. What is the second requisite to becoming proficient in forming analytic date words? 4. What should the pupil do if he lacks the knowledge indicated here? 5. If the pupil fixes in mind the population of three States per day, how long will it take him to learn the population of all the American States? 6. How long to deal in like manner with the population of all the countries of the globe?

It is said that there are 1,750 spoken languages. If the pupil does not know that the tongue is moved in different ways to pronounce the distinctive sounds of different languages, he might not think of this analytic translation of (1750), "{T}o{ng}ue a{l}l way{s}."

The population of Kentucky according to the last census (1880) was 1,648,690. Those who do not know the Kentuckians raise fine saddle and race horses, many of which are bays, might not think of the analytic phrases, "{T}ea{ch}e{r} o{f} {sh}owy {b}ay{s}," or "{T}ea{ch}e{r} o{f} a {sh}owy {p}a{c}e."

The estimated number of horses in the world is 58,576,322. Those who do not know how cruelly coachmen often treat the horses under their charge might not think of the analytic phrase, "Wi{l}l {f}ee{l} {c}oa{ch}{m}e{n} {n}ow."

The Yellowstone National Park contains 2,294,740 acres. One who does not know that this park was recently created, might not think of the analytic phrase, "O{n}e {N}ew {P}a{r}{k} a{r}o{s}e."

The U. S. Government paid out in the year 1865 the sum of $1,297,555,324. If one wished to remember the exact figures, he could easily find an analytic phrase, if he thinks of the act of delivering or handing over the money, as "{Th}ey u{n}{p}a{ck} {l}oya{l}ly a{l}l {m}o{n}ey he{r}e." If any analytic phrase is long or awkwardly constructed, it is very easy to memorise it by the analytic-synthetic method; as (1) They unpack. (2) They unpack money. (3) They unpack money here. (4) They unpack all money here. (5) They unpack loyally all money here.

The number of letters delivered in Great Britain during the postal year of 1881-82 was 1,280,636,200. If the student knows that the Central Post Office of London is a very large building, he could instantly find the analytic phrase, "Wi{th}i{n} o{f}fi{c}e hu{g}e {m}u{ch} {n}ew{s} we {s}ee."

The amount lost annually by fire in the United States is estimated at $112,853,784. If we do not go outside of the subject matter of losses by fire, we shall readily find an analytic phrase by means of which we can certainly remember that large number of dollars--"A {d}eb{t} o{n} {f}{l}a{m}i{ng} {f}i{r}e."

There are 653,020 Freemasons in U. S. A. Those who know what is meant by the phrase, "From labor to refreshment," in the masonic ritual, will at once translate those figures into the analytic phrase, "{J}o{l}ly {M}a{s}o{n}{s}."

There are 591,800 Odd Fellows in the United States. Notice if you can find figures to translate "Odd" or "Fellows," or any other fact pertaining to the Order, and you have the analytic phrase, "A{l}l ha{p}py 'O{d}d' {f}a{c}e{s}."

There have been granted 428,212 patents in the United States. Can you find any word pertaining to patents in those figures? "We he{r}e i{n}{v}e{n}{t} a{n}ew."

The number of Indians in the United States is estimated as 241,329. Considering how unkindly treated many of them have been, we find an analytic phrase which fits the fact--"{N}o {r}e{d} {m}a{n} ha{p}py."

The population of the state of New York in 1880 was five millions, eighty-two thousand, eight hundred and seventy-one (5,082,871). An analytic phrase founded on any conspicuous characteristic of the population, or on any prominent aspect of the geography of the State [Niagara Falls, for instance], which many of its people have witnessed, would suffice, or "A (5) {L}egal (0) {C}ensus (8) O{f} (2) {N}ew-York's (8) {F}olks (7) {C}omprising (1) Eigh{t}y's."

The pupil who conscientiously studies the rules and examples in this lesson will find that he can have the great satisfaction of always being exact and reliable in regard to numbers.

1. Give an original analytic phrase expressing the number of acres in Yellowstone National Park. 2. Why do we not give all three of the l's in the word "loyally" a figure value? 3. In translating the word "debt," why is it not 191 instead of 11? 4. What makes these phrases easy to remember? 5. Give an analytic phrase expressing the number of patents granted in the United States. 6. What great satisfaction can the conscientious pupil always have? 7. Suppose, when the pupil reaches this page, he has learned that the number of the population, or of patents, or of Masons, Odd Fellows, &c., has changed, what is he to do? 8. Must he not deal with the latest statement of the fact, and find his own analytic number words?

DATES OF THE ACCESSION OF THE AMERICAN PRESIDENTS.