Part 33

Stem bearing 1—3 pairs or whorls of leaves at the base, continued above into a bracted or naked scape 2—6 inches high. Leaves orbicular or ovate, obtuse at the apex, narrowed, rounded or sometimes subcordate at the base, rather thin, ¼—1 inch long, longer than or equalling the petioles. Flowers white, ½—¾ of an inch broad, nodding at the summit of the stem; petals spreading; capsule ¼ of an inch in diameter, about as long as the persistent style and lobed stigma; the stamens in pairs opposite each petal.

In mossy spots in the woods throughout the region; flowering in early July.

Stems extensively creeping, sending up both sterile and flowering branches 3—12 inches high. Leaves numerous, crowded near the summit of the stem, spatulate or cuneate-oblanceolate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, sharply serrate, bright green and shining, 1—2½ inches long, ¼—1 inch wide above the middle. Flowers several in an umbellate head, waxy white or pink, the form of the region being usually bright, rosy pink, ½ an inch or more broad, petals spreading with the rosy pink anthers opposite them in pairs; capsule about ¼ of an inch broad surmounted by the short style.

Locally abundant throughout the region; flowering during July.

ERICACEÆ

Heath Family

In our species, shrubs with simple leaves and perfect flowers; calyx free from the ovary 4—5-parted, mostly persistent; corolla regular, 4—5-toothed, -lobed or -parted; stamens usually as many or twice as many as the corolla lobes; anthers 2-celled, attached to the filaments by the back or base, the sacs, often prolonged upwardly into tubes; ovary 2—5-celled; fruit a capsule, berry or drupe.

Fruit a berry or drupe. Calyx becoming large and fleshy. =Gaultheria.= Calyx small. Leaves thick and leathery; drupe reddish-brown. =Arctostaphylos.= Leaves membranous, veiny; drupe scarlet. =Mairania.= Fruit a dry capsule. Anther cells each with a recurved tip. =Cassiope.= Anther cells not appendaged. Corolla with united petals. Bracts firm, persistent; no scaly leaf-buds. Leaves heath-like; corolla without pouches. =Phyllodoce.= Leaves lanceolate; corolla with pouches. =Kalmia.= Bracts thin, deciduous; leaf-buds scaly. Corolla funnel-form, 5-lobed. =Azaleastrum.= Corolla globose, 4-toothed. =Menziesia.= Corolla with distinct petals. Flowers white, umbelled; leaves evergreen. =Ledum.=

b Gaultheria ovatifolia A. Gray. Ovate-Leaved Wintergreen.

c Vitis-idæa vitis-idæa (L.) Britton. Mountain Cranberry. (¾ Nat.)]

Depressed, trailing, with ascending branches with rusty hairs. Leaves broadly ovate, ½—1 inch long, serrulate, dark green and shining above, lighter beneath. Flowers pink or nearly white, campanulate, less than ¼ of an inch long, on short solitary pedicels in the axils of the leaves; fruit bright scarlet, ⅓ of an inch in diameter.

A rather rare plant in the region but abundant in places on the slopes of Avalanche Mountain at Glacier.

Tufted, creeping or depressed, smooth, the flowering branches 1—5 inches long. Leaves oval or rounded, mostly only ½ an inch long; pedicels solitary in the axils, very short, 3—5 bracteolate. Flowers depressed-campanulate, white or pinkish, little surpassing the calyx; fruit scarlet, ⅓ of an inch in diameter.

Common in alpine meadows throughout the Rockies and Selkirks; flowering in July.

Trailing or spreading on the ground; branches 6—24 inches long, the twigs soft-hairy. Leaves leathery, evergreen, spatulate, obtuse, entire, smooth or minutely hairy toward the base, ½—1 inch long, ⅓ as wide, short-petioled. Flowers ¼ of an inch or less long, ovoid, constricted at the throat, rosy pink or white, few, in short racemes at the ends of the branches.

In dry sandy or stony soil throughout the Rockies at the lower elevations; flowering in early June.

Tufted or depressed-prostrate, branches 2—5 inches high, the twigs smooth or nearly so. Leaves thin, obovate, crenulate, conspicuously reticulate-veined, ½—1 inch long, ⅓ as wide. Flowers few, appearing before or with the leaves from scaly buds; corolla ¼ of an inch long, white, ovoid, constricted at the throat; berry bright scarlet.

Growing in moss on the wooded slopes throughout the Rockies, flowering in May and early June.

Rather stout with rigid, ascending, woody, much branched stems, a foot or less high. Leaves ½ an inch long, smooth, not furrowed on the back, closely crowded in 4-ranks. Flowers pure white, nodding, campanulate, ¼ of an inch long with 5 deeply cut obtuse spreading lobes, on smooth peduncles half an inch or less long, near the tips of the apparently 4-sided stems; calyx smooth, usually red, making the bell-like flowers appear red and white.

Throughout the region at the higher elevations, frequently carpeting the ground; flowering in late June and early July.

Stems rather rigid, much branched, 3—12 inches high. Leaves numerous and crowded but spreading, linear, oblong, obtuse, ¼—½ an inch long, thick, leathery with a white line through the centre below and deeply furrowed above, the margins thick and rough. Flowers ovoid, glandular throughout, less than ¼ of an inch long, much contracted at the throat, short-lobed, on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long at the ends of the branches.

In alpine meadows and woods at the higher elevations throughout the region; flowering during June and early July, often in clumps of considerable size.

Much branched, from a more or less decumbent base, 6—12 inches high. Leaves linear, ¼—½ an inch long, obtuse, leathery, with thickened revolute, slightly glandular-toothed margins. Flowers pale pink, ¼ of an inch long, urn-shaped, slightly contracted at the throat, with 5 spreading lobes; at the ends of the branches on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long; calyx slightly glandular; corolla smooth; slightly fragrant.

Throughout the region growing in the same situations as the other heathers, and often associated with them, perhaps a hybrid; flowering in late June and through July.

b Phyllodoce glanduliflora (Hook.) Rydb. White False-Heather.

c Cassiope Mertensiana (Bong.) Don.

(¾ Nat.)]

Much branched from the base, 6—12 inches high. Leaves linear, obtuse, ¼—½ an inch long, with strongly revolute, thick rough margins. Flowers ¼ of an inch long, bright rose-colour, campanulate, with broad, spreading obtuse lobes, very fragrant, on slender, slightly glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long at the ends of the stems; calyx and corolla smooth.