Part 26

In open alpine meadows and slopes throughout the region at the higher altitudes; flowering during June and July.

Much like the preceding species but much more hairy throughout and with more divided leaves. Flowers in a loose cyme on scapes 4—6 inches high, not quite so large as in the preceding nor as brilliantly coloured.

Dry rocky summits and ledges throughout the Rockies; flowering in June.

Densely cæspitose from a woody base. Leaves closely tufted, small, palmately divided, leaflets deeply cut, densely white-woolly on both surfaces. Flowers solitary on short peduncles, bright yellow, half an inch or more broad; petals broadly obovate, notched at the apex, much longer than the densely soft-hairy lanceolate sepals.

A high alpine species in dry stony ground throughout the Rockies, not common; flowering in July.

Stout, erect, stiff-hairy, 1—3 feet high. Leaves lyrate-pinnate with broad foliaceous stipules, basal leaves petioled, the terminal segment much the largest, reniform, dentate, 3—7-lobed; lateral leaflets 3—6 oval or obovate with smaller ones interspersed. Flowers several, short peduncled, borne in a terminal head; bright yellow, nearly ½ an inch broad; petals longer than the acuminate sepals; receptacle nearly smooth.

In damp places and low grounds throughout the region, most abundant in the Selkirks; flowering in June.

Hairy, branched above, 2—4 feet high. Stipules broad, foliaceous; basal leaves lyrate-pinnate; leaflets 5—7, obovate, cuneate, dentate or lobed, the terminal one largest, broadly ovate or cuneate, stem leaves sessile or short-petioled with 3—5 ovate or oblong, acute segments. Flowers yellow, ½ an inch broad; receptacle downy.

In swamps or low grounds throughout the region; flowering in June.

b Sieversia ciliata (Pursh) Don. Long-Plumed Purple Avens.

(⅔ Nat.)]

Soft-hairy, scapose; scape 4—18 inches high, simple, 3—8-flowered at the summit. Basal leaves petioled, interruptedly pinnate with many small leaflets, among the numerous obovate, deeply cut larger ones. Flowers ½ an inch broad of 5 pale purplish-pink petals hardly exceeding the calyx and spreading linear red bractlets; styles plumose in fruit, 1—2 inches long.

In dry open grounds extending into the Rockies from the plains, where it is especially abundant, to the lower slopes and valleys throughout the region; flowering in June.

Stems prostrate, branched, 3—6 inches long. Leaves oblong or ovate, ½—1 inch long, obtuse at each end, closely crenate, dark green and shining above, densely white-woolly beneath. Flowers solitary on slender pedicels, white, an inch or more broad; petals longer than the 6—8 spreading linear sepals; stamens numerous, anthers bright yellow; styles conspicuously plumose in fruit.

Frequent in dry stony ground throughout the Rockies at elevations ranging from 4000 to 10,000 feet, forming dense mats of considerable size on the surface of the ground; flowering in June.

Similar in manner of growth and general appearance to the preceding species. Leaves generally narrower at the base, the lobes dentate-crenate. Flowers ½ an inch long, campanulate, drooping on a densely woolly pedicel; sepals ovate, acute, black glandular-hairy; petals lanceolate, obtuse, bright yellow, about twice the length of the sepals; stamens included; styles numerous, conspicuously plumose in fruit.

In gravel and loose stony soil throughout the Rockies, especially abundant on river shores and flood-plains, like the previous species frequently forming mats of considerable size; flowering in June.

b Dryas Drummondii Rich. Drummond’s Mountain Avens.

(⅞ Nat.)]

Stems branched, 2—3 feet high, prickly. Leaves pinnate, leaflets large, ¾—1½ inches long, oval, coarsely toothed. Flowers solitary, on slender pedicels, bright pink, petals broadly obovate, an inch or more long, sepals entire with a long acuminate obtuse tip, persistent and erect in fruit, fruit globose, bright scarlet.

The wild rose of the region, in open ground, on slopes, borders of woods, stream and river banks throughout the Rockies; flowering in late June and early July.

POMACEÆ

Apple Family

Trees and shrubs with alternate leaves, and regular, perfect flowers; calyx superior, 5-toothed; petals 5; stamens numerous; fruit a more or less fleshy pome.

Leaves pinnate. =Sorbus.= Leaves simple, entire-toothed or lobed. =Amelanchier.=

A small tree with smooth bark. Leaves pinnate, leaflets 5—15, ovate-lanceolate or oval, obtuse or short-pointed, serrate, smooth and dark green above, pale and usually more or less hairy beneath, especially along the veins, seldom over 2½ inches long. Flowers white, nearly ½ an inch across in a compound flat cyme, 2—4 inches broad; petals spreading, short-clawed, obovate; stamens numerous; fruit bright scarlet, more than ¼ of an inch in diameter.

In moist stony ground throughout the region; flowering in June.

A shrub, soft-hairy when young, at length nearly smooth. Leaves thick, broadly elliptic or almost orbicular, very obtuse and often truncate at the apex, round or subcordate at the base; coarsely dentate above the middle. 1—2 inches long. Flowers in rather short, dense racemes, pedicels short; petals oblanceolate, ¼—¾ of an inch long, 2—4 times the length of the calyx; fruit purple when ripe and very sweet.