Part 25

In moist, exposed, rocky places and on slopes at the lower altitudes, frequent in the Selkirks; flowering in June.

Stems erect, mostly simple, 1—2 feet high, from horizontal running rootstocks. Leaves, the lower ones small, obovate; upper, oval to oblong, 1—2 inches long, often obscurely lobed and doubly serrate above the middle, smooth throughout, dark green above, paler beneath. Flowers white or tinged with pink in a large flat branching terminal corymb.

Abundant throughout the region on hillsides and dry banks; flowering during July.

Smooth throughout, stem erect, somewhat branched, 2—4 feet high. Leaves long-petioled, 2—3 pinnate, leaflets 1—3 inches long, ovate or lanceolate, thin, acuminate or acute at the apex, rounded or slightly heart-shaped at the base, doubly serrate or incised. Flowers small, white, in an elongated spike.

Frequent along streams throughout the Selkirks; flowering during June and July.

Stems slender, trailing, 1—3 feet long, unarmed, rooting at the nodes, pubescent. Leaves trifoliate, leaflets obovate, cuneate at the base, ¾—1 inch long incised, lateral leaflets often parted to the base, smooth or sparingly hairy. Flowers usually solitary, on long slender pedicels, white or rosy, ⅛ of an inch or more broad; sepals ovate-lanceolate, entire or incised, exceeding the petals; berry of 1—6 large red, juicy drupelets.

Frequent throughout the region in cold damp woods, forming masses of considerable size; flowering during June.

Stem low, herbaceous, unarmed, finely hairy, 3—10 inches high, sometimes leafless below. Leaves 3-foliate, leaflets sessile or short-stalked, rhombic-ovate or obovate, coarsely and unequally serrate or slightly lobed, ¾—1 inch long. Flowers solitary or occasionally 2, slender peduncled; petals obovate, pink, ½—1 inch long; sepals acute, equalling or shorter than the petals, reflexed; berry light red, fragrant and edible.

In cold mossy thickets and swamps throughout the region, the first flowers appearing in May and early June when the stems are but a few inches high, with the leaves hardly unfolded; in midsummer it frequently flowers again from branched stems 8—10 inches high and appearing like a different plant.

Stems herbaceous, trailing or ascending, unarmed, 6—18 inches or more long, somewhat hairy. Leaves petioled, 3-foliate or rarely 5-foliate leaflets rhombic-ovate, smooth or nearly so, acute, the lateral ones mostly rounded, terminal, wedge-shaped at the base, all sharply serrate. Flowers 1—3 on a slender glandular-hairy peduncle, ½ an inch or less broad; petals 5—7, white, spatulate-oblong, erect, rather longer than the acuminate calyx lobes; fruit red-purple, half an inch long.

In cold moist woods and swampy places throughout the region; flowering in May and June.

Stems shrubby, 3—8 feet high, smooth or more or less glandular-hairy. Leaves round-cordate in outline, palmately 3—5-lobed, the lobes acute or acutish, rarely acuminate, coarsely and unequally serrate. Flowers few, 1—2 inches broad, white, in corymbose, terminal heads, calyx lobes tipped with a long slender appendage.

Borders of woods, and in thickets among rocks, throughout the region, but most abundant in the Selkirks; flowering in June and July.

Stems shrubby, biennial, 18 inches to 4 feet high, usually densely clothed with weak glandular bristles or the older stems with small hooked prickles. Leaves pinnately 3—5-foliate, leaflets ovate or ovate-oblong, acuminate, sharply and irregularly serrate or slightly lobed, rounded at the base, 1—3 inches long. Flowers ½ an inch broad in a loose raceme on slender pedicels, curved in fruit; petals white, ascending, about equalling the spreading acuminate sepals; fruit dark red, sweet and very juicy.

The common red raspberry throughout the region in dry and rocky places; flowering in June.

Shrubby, much branched; stems erect or ascending, very leafy, 6 inches to 3 feet high, the bark shreddy. Leaves pinnate with 5—7 oblong, entire, acute leaflets, with long silky hairs and revolute margins. Flowers bright yellow, ¾—1½ inches broad, usually solitary at the ends of the branches.

A very abundant plant throughout the region, in swampy grounds, gravelly river shores, on dry slopes and alpine meadows, flowering throughout the summer.

Stems densely tufted, decumbent or creeping, 1—4 inches long. Leaves 3-foliate, leaflets wedge-shaped, 3—5-toothed at the apex with scattered hairs on both sides. Flowers ¼ of an inch broad, greenish-yellow; petals very small, not exceeding the calyx.

Frequent throughout the region on rocks, usually in dry, exposed situations at elevations varying from 4000 to 10,000 feet; flowering during June and July.

Plant spreading, 3—6 inches tall, hairy, forming new plants by the running stems after flowering. Leaves tufted from the root, very hairy, palmately 3-foliate; leaflets obtuse, strongly serrate, the teeth gland-tipped; lateral leaflets ovate, oblique on the inside, shorter than the terminal one; terminal leaflet broadly ovate with a wedge-shaped base. Flowers white, ¾ of an inch broad; petals slightly longer than the sepals, borne on a scape about ⅓ longer than the leaves. Fruit ovoid, rather small.

On grassy banks and roadsides throughout the Rockies; flowering in late May and early June.

Smooth, decumbent at the base, 6 inches to 2 feet long. Leaves pinnate, the lower long-petioled with 5—7 oblong or oblanceolate, sharply serrate leaflets, which are lighter-coloured and more or less hairy beneath; upper leaflets similar, 3—5. Flowers few, in an open cyme; calyx lobes purple within, acuminate, nearly ½ an inch long, enlarging in fruit; petals much shorter than the sepals.

A marsh plant frequent throughout the region in very wet situations, at the lower altitudes; flowering in July.

Herbaceous, spreading by runners. Leaves all at the root, interruptedly pinnate with 7—21 leaflets and smaller ones interposed; oblong, sharply serrate, dark green above, soft, white-hairy beneath. Flowers bright yellow, ½—1 inch broad, solitary on long pedicels, petals exceeding the ovate, acute, calyx lobes.

In open and waste ground and meadows throughout the Rockies at the lower altitudes; flowering during June and July.

Stem 4—8 inches high, woody at the base, with long silky hairs. Leaves 3-foliate, the lower petioled; leaflets oblong or obovate, usually deeply cut, densely, white-hairy beneath, green and loosely soft-hairy above, ¾—1 inch long. Flowers 1—5, bright yellow, ½—¾ of an inch broad; sepals silky, lanceolate, shorter than the broadly ovate, notched petals.

Frequent throughout the Rockies in open, rocky situations; flowering during June and July.

Stem decumbent or ascending 4—8 inches high from a woody base, more or less silky-villous or nearly smooth. Leaves pinnate or tripinnate with 5—7 lanceolate, deeply cut leaflets, usually glaucous and with ciliate edges. Flowers few, bright yellow, ½ an inch or more broad with notched petals, in an open cyme.