Part 139

Plate CCXXXIV. Male and Female.

Bill about the same length as the head, a little enlarged toward the end; tail much rounded, of sixteen feathers; occiput slightly crested. Male with the bill black, with a basal and subterminal line bluish-white; head and upper part of neck greenish-black, with purple reflections; a very narrow brownish-red collar; lower part of neck all round, as well as the back, scapulars, smaller wing-coverts, and rump above and below, brownish-black; inner secondaries of the same colour, outer bluish-grey on the outer web, light brown on the inner, as are the primaries, of which the outer webs and tips are dark brown; tail brownish-grey; chin white; breast greyish-white; sides and abdomen greyish-white, minutely undulated with grey. Female with the bill dusky, the neck umber-brown, upper part of head darker, back blackish-brown, speculum bluish-grey as in the male; breast brownish-white; loral space and chin pale brown; sides and abdomen dark umber-brown.

Male, 18, 28. Female, 16.

Abundant on the Ohio during autumn, winter, and early spring; rather rare along the coasts of the Middle Atlantic Districts. Breeds far north.

Fuligula rufitorques, Bonap. Syn. p. 393.

Tufted Duck, Anas Fuligula, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. viii. p. 60.

Ring-necked Duck, Anas (Fuligula) rufitorques, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 453.

Ring-necked Duck, Fuligula rufitorques, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 439.

Ring-necked Duck, Fuligula rufitorques, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 259.

** Bill very broad, much flattened, the unguis abruptly curved backwards.

400. 5. Fuligula rubida, Wils. Ruddy Duck.

Plate CCCXLIII. Male, Female, and Young.

Tail short, much graduated, of eighteen stiff, narrow feathers; plumage of lower parts stiff and glossy. Male with the bill light greyish-blue; upper part of head and nape deep bluish-black; a large white patch on each side of the head, from the bill to behind the ear; neck all round, all the upper parts, and sides glossy chestnut-red; lower parts greyish-white, tinged with brown, and marked with transverse interrupted bands of dusky; wing-coverts, quills, and tail-feathers blackish-brown. Female with the bill darker, the crown, and all the upper parts dark reddish-brown, minutely dotted and undulated with dusky; lower parts duller, but similarly marked; throat, and a band from the base of the upper mandible to beneath the eye, brownish-white. Young, in second plumage, reddish-brown above, barred with dusky; wings and tail dark greyish-brown; cheeks, fore part and sides of neck, and all the lower parts dull yellowish-white, undulated with dusky, as in the rump above; lower tail-coverts white.

Male, 14-3/4, 21-1/2.

Ruddy Duck, Anas rubida, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. viii. p. 137.

Fuligula rubida, Bonap. Syn. p. 390.

Fuligula rubida, Ruddy Duck, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 455.

Ruddy Duck, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 426.

Ruddy Duck, Fuligula rubida, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 326.

*** Bill semicylindrical, at the end enlarged by soft membranous expansions, the unguis broadly obovate and incurved.

401. 6. Fuligula Labradora, Lath. Pied Duck.

Plate CCCXXXII. Male and Female.

Bill nearly as long as the head; tail much rounded, of fourteen tapering feathers. Male with the bill pale greyish-blue at the base above, dull orange on the sides, black toward the end; head and upper half of neck white, except an elongated patch of black on the crown and nape; below the middle of the neck a black ring, from the hind part of which proceeds a longitudinal band of the same colour, gradually becoming wider on the back and rump; below the black ring anteriorly, a broad band of white, including the scapulars; all the under parts black, excepting the axillaries and lower wing-coverts, which are white, as are the upper wing-coverts and secondary quills, some of the inner secondaries having a narrow external black margin; alula, primary coverts, and primary quills brownish-black; tail brownish-black, tinged with grey; upper tail-coverts dusky, minutely dotted with reddish-brown. Female brownish-grey, darker on the head, cheeks, back, rump, and abdomen, lighter on the throat, breast, wing-coverts, and inner secondaries, which latter are margined externally with black; seven or eight of the secondaries white, as are the sides of the forehead.

Male, 20, 30. Female, 18-1/4, 29.

Along the shores of the Atlantic from Nova Scotia to New Jersey, rather rare, in winter. Breeds from Labrador northward. Never seen in the interior.

Pied Duck, Anas labradora, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. viii. p. 91.

Fuligula labradora, Bonap. Syn. p. 391.

Pied Duck, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 428.