Part 3

=Hemostatics=.—Medicines which arrest hemorrhages. =Hydragogues.=—Purgatives which cause large watery discharges. =Hypnotics.=—Medicines which cause sleep.

=Laxatives.=—Mild purgatives. =Local Anesthetics.=—Medicines which when applied locally destroy sensation.

=Mydriatics.=—Medicines which cause mydriasis, or dilation of the pupil. =Myotics.=—Medicines which cause myosis, or contraction of the pupil.

=Narcotics.=—Powerful anodyne hypnotics. =Neurotics.=—Medicines which act upon the nervous system. =Nutriants.=—Medicines which modify the nutritive processes. =Nutrients.=—Substances which nourish.

=Oxytocics.=—Medicines which stimulate uterine contractions.

=Peristaltics.=—Medicines which increase peristalsis. =Prophylactics.=—Medicines which prevent the taking or development of disease. =Protectives.=—Medicines which protect a part when applied to it. =Ptyalagogues.=—Sialagogues. =Purgatives.=—Medicines which produce copious discharges from the bowels.

=Refrigerants.=—Medicines which lessen bodily temperature. =Revulsants.=—Medicines which by causing irritation draw nervous force and blood from a distant diseased part. =Rubefacients.=—Medicines which cause irritation and redness, and are used as revulsants.

=Sedatives.=—Medicines which lower functional activity. =Sialagogues.=—Medicines which excite salivary glands to secretion. =Somnifacients.=—Soporifics. =Soporifics.=—Medicines which cause sleep. =Sorbefacients.=—Medicines which cause absorption. =Specifics.=—Medicines which have a direct curative influence on certain individual diseases. =Stimulants.=—Medicines which increase functional activity. =Stomachics.=—Stimulants to the stomach. =Styptics.=—Hemostatics. =Sudorifics.=—Medicines which produce sweating.

=Tenicides.=—Medicines which kill the tapeworm. =Tonics.=—Medicines which permanently increase the systemic tone by stimulating nutrition.

=Vermicides.=—Medicines which kill intestinal worms. =Vermifuges.=—Medicines which cause the expulsion of intestinal worms. =Vesicatories.=—Blisters.

ROMAN NUMERALS.

I— 1 II— 2 III— 3 IV— 4 V— 5 VI— 6 VII— 7 VIII— 8 IX— 9 X— 10 XI— 11 XII— 12 XIII— 13 XIV— 14 XV— 15 XVI— 16 XVII— 17 XVIII— 18 XIX— 19 XX— 20 XXX— 30 XL— 40 L— 50 LX— 60 LXX— 70 LXXX— 80 XC— 90 C— 100 D— 500 M—1000

POPULAR AND OFFICIAL NAMES OF MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS.

=Baking soda= Sodium bicarbonate. Sodii bicarbonas. =Basham’s mixture= Solution of iron and Liquor ferri et ammonium acetate. ammonii acetatis. =Blaud’s pills= Pills of iron carbonate. Pilulæ ferri carbonatis. =Blue mass= or Mass of mercury. Massa hydrargyri. =blue pill=. =Blue ointment= Ointment of mercury. Unguentum hydrargyri. =Borax= Sodium borate. Sodii boras. =Brown mixture= Compound licorice Mistura glycyrrhizæ mixture. compositæ. =Calomel= Mild chlorid of mercury. Hydrargyri chloridum mite. =Castor oil= Oleum ricini. =Cod-liver oil= Oleum morrhuæ. =Corrosive= Corrosive chlorid of Hydrargyri chloridum =sublimate.= mercury. corrosivum. =Cream-of-tartar= Potassium bitartrate. Potassii bitartras. =Croton oil= Oleum tiglii. =Dover’s powder= Powder of ipecac and Pulvis ipecacuanhæ opium. et opii. =Epsom salt= Magnesium sulphate. Magnesii sulphas. =Fowler’s solution= Solution of potassium Liquor potassii arsenite. arsenitis. =Glauber’s salt= Sodium sulphate. Sodii sulphas. =Gum Arabic= Acacia. =Heroin= Diethylmorphin hydrochlorid. =Hive syrup= Compound syrup of Syrupus scillæ squills. compositus. =Hoffmann’s= Compound spirit of Spiritus ætheris =anodyne.= ether. compositus. =Huxham’s= Compound tincture of Tinctura cinchonæ =tincture.= cinchona. compositæ. =Jaborandi= Pilocarpus. =Lady Webster’s= Pill of aloes and Pilula aloes et =pill.= mastic. mastiches. =Laudanum= Tincture of opium. Tinctura opii. =Licorice powder= Compound licorice Pulvis glycyrrhizæ powder. compositus. =Lugol’s solution= Compound solution of Liquor iodi compositus. iodin. =Magendie’s= Solution of morphin Liquor morphinæ =solution.= sulphate. sulphatis. =Male fern= Filix mas. Aspidium. =Muriatic acid= Hydrochloric acid. Acidum hydrochloricum. =Mustard= Sinapis. =Nitroglycerin= Glonoin. =Oil of= Oil of gaultheriæ. Oleum gaultheriæ. =wintergreen= =Paregoric= Camphorated tincture Tinctura opii of opium. camphorata. =Phenol= Carbolic acid. Acidum carbolicum. =Prussic acid= Hydrocyanic acid. Acidum hydrocyanicum. =Rochelle salt= Sodium and potassium Sodii et potassii tartrate. tartras. =Salt= Common salt, sodium Sodii chloridum. chlorid. =Seidlitz powder= Compound effervescing Pulvis effervescens powder. compositus. =Sweet spirit= Spirit of nitrous ether. Spiritus ætheris =of niter.= nitrosi. =Tartar emetic= Antimony and potassium Antimonii et potassii tartrate. tartras. =Washing soda= Sodium carbonate. Sodii carbonas. =Witch-hazel= Hamamelis.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

TROY WEIGHT. 24 grains = 1 dwt. 20 dwts. = 1 ounce. 12 ounces = 1 pound.

Used for weighing gold, silver, and jewels.

APOTHECARIES’ WEIGHT. 20 grains = 1 scruple. 3 scruples = 1 dram. 8 drams = 1 ounce. 12 ounces = 1 pound.

The ounce and pound in this are the same as in Troy weight.

AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT. 27¹¹/₃₂ grains = 1 dram. 16 drams = 1 ounce. 16 ounces = 1 pound. 25 pounds = 1 quarter. 4 quarters = 1 cwt. 2000 lbs. = 1 short ton. 2240 lbs. = 1 long ton.

DRY MEASURE. 2 pints = 1 quart. 8 quarts = 1 peck. 4 pecks = 1 bushel. 36 bushels = 1 chaldron.

LIQUID MEASURE. 4 gills = 1 pint. 2 pints = 1 quart. 4 quarts = 1 gallon. 31⅓ gallons = 1 barrel. 2 barrels = 1 hogshead.

TIME MEASURE. 60 seconds = 1 minute. 60 minutes = 1 hour. 24 hours = 1 day. 7 days = 1 week. 28, 29, 30, or 31 days = 1 calendar month (30 days = 1 month in computing interest). 365 days = 1 year. 366 days = 1 leap year.

CIRCULAR MEASURE. 60 seconds = 1 minute. 60 minutes = 1 degree. 30 degrees = 1 sign. 90 degrees = 1 quadrant. 4 quadrants = 12 signs, or 360 degrees = 1 circle.

LONG MEASURE. 12 inches = 1 foot. 3 feet = 1 yard. 5½ yards = 1 rod. 40 rods = 1 furlong. 8 furlongs = 1 statute mile. 3 miles = 1 league.

CLOTH MEASURE. 2¼ inches = 1 nail. 4 nails = 1 quarter. 4 quarters = 1 yard.

MARINERS’ MEASURE. 6 feet = 1 fathom. 20 fathoms = 1 cable length. 7½ ca. lgth. = 1 mile. 5280 feet = 1 stat. mile. 6085 feet = 1 naut. mile.

MISCELLANEOUS. 3 inches = 1 palm. 4 inches = 1 hand. 6 inches = 1 span. 18 inches = 1 cubit. 21.8 in. = 1 Bible cubit. 2½ feet = 1 military pace.