Part 213

b1. Crown lighter; chin and throat lighter. ... poliogyna (p. 539) b2. Crown darker; chin and throat deeper in color; belly not paler than breast.

c1. Smaller, tail shorter. ... brunneiceps (p. 539) c2. Larger, tail longer; abdomen washed with brownish gray.

d1. Color much lighter. ... mindanensis (p. 540) d2. Color much darker; russet of front of head intensified to almost a burnt umber and not extending backward beyond the eyes. ... malindangensis (p. 540)

520. BRACHYPTERYX POLIOGYNA Grant.

GRANT'S SHORTWING.

Brachypteryx poliogyna Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club (1895), 4, 40; Ibis (1895), 446, pl. 12, fig. 1; Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 216 (habits); Sharpe, Hand-List (1903), 4, 56; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 83.

Luzon (Whitehead, McGregor); Mindoro (Whitehead).

Male.--Most of the plumage dark slate-blue; middle of abdomen washed with gray; forehead, lores, ring around eye, jaw, and chin black; above each eye a concealed patch of soft silky white feathers; wings and tail black, the feathers edged with slate-blue; bend of wing white. Iris dark brown; bill, legs, and nails black. Length, 140; wing, 67; tail, 49; culmen from base, 14; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 28; middle toe with claw, 22.

Female.--Entire head, neck, chin, and throat umber or rusty brown, much darker on crown, lighter on chin and throat; remainder of plumage slaty blue, similar to the male, but lighter on the under parts and much grayer on abdomen. Length, 127; wing, 63; tail, 42; culmen from base, 15; bill from nostril, 8; tarsus, 30; middle toe with claw, 21.

521. BRACHYPTERYX BRUNNEICEPS Grant.

NEGROS SHORTWING.

Brachypteryx brunneiceps Grant, Ibis (1896), 457; Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 217 (habits); Sharpe, Hand-List (1903), 4, 56; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 83.

Negros (Whitehead).

Diagnosis.--"The Negros shortwing is closely allied to B. poliogyna, which Mr. Whitehead discovered in the highlands of Lepanto, Luzon. The males in fact, are, as one would expect, very much alike, but the Negros bird has the top of the head and throat washed with black instead of dark slate. Between the females the differences are much more marked; the crown of the head in B. brunneiceps is much darker brown, much less strongly washed with sienna on the forehead; the chin and middle of the throat are much deeper in color, very little paler than the sides; and the general tone of the under parts is darker slate-blue, the belly being in no way paler than the breast. Adult male: Length, 127; wing, 67; tail, 48; tarsus, 29. Adult female: Length, 132; wing, 67; tail, 48; tarsus, 29." (Grant.)

522. BRACHYPTERYX MINDANENSIS Mearns.

MINDANAO SHORTWING.

Brachypteryx mindanensis Mearns, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. (1905), 18, 3; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 83.

Boor-roo-win'g, Bagobos of Mount Apo.

Mindanao (Mearns, Goodfellow).

"Adult male.--Similar to the male of B. brunneiceps, but larger and apparently less heavily washed with black on the top of the head and throat. Belly without a trace of grayish wash present in B. poliogyna from the Island of Luzon. Measurements of No. 192,256, U. S. National Museum, from Mount Apo at 1,920 meters, July 4, 1904. Total length, 158; alar expanse, 220; wing, 70; tail, 62; bill from base of culmen, 14; bill from nostril, 9.5; tarsus, 33; middle toe with claw, 23. Iris dark brown; bill, feet, and claws gray-black, darker than plumage.

"Adult female.--Similar to the female of B. brunneiceps, but differs in addition to its larger size and relatively longer tail, in having the abdomen washed with brownish gray. The wing-quills and spurious wing are brown. Measurements of type: Length, 158; alar expanse, 212; wing, 70; tail, 56; bill from base of culmen, 14; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 31; middle toe with claw, 24. Iris dark brown; bill, feet, and claws dark gray.

"Young male in first plumage.--Slate-colored feathers of the adult plumage are present in the greater wing-coverts and pectoral region of the specimen (No. 192,257, U. S. National Museum, from Todava, at 1,220 meters, on Mount Apo, July 11, 1904). General color clove-brown, the feathers slaty at base, all but the quills with russet shaft-spots, which are small and triangular on the back, and so extended as to give a general russet tone to the abdomen. Iris brown; bill and feet gray-black. Length, 155; alar expanse, 218; wing, 70; tail, 50; bill from base of culmen, 13; bill from nostril, 8.6; tarsus, 33; middle toe with claw, 22.

"The name 'boor-roo-wi'ng,' used by the native Bagobos, is in imitation of the lisping notes of this bird, which suggest sounds of the winds." (Mearns.)

523. BRACHYPTERYX MALINDANGENSIS Mearns.

MALINDANG SHORTWING.

Brachypteryx malindangensis Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. (1909), 36, 441.

Mindanao (Mearns).

"Characters.--Most closely related to Brachypteryx brunneiceps Grant and B. mindanensis Mearns. Smaller than brunneiceps, about equaling mindanensis; coloration very dark; russet of front of head intensified to almost a burnt umber, and not extending backward beyond the eyes; edge and lining of wings, slate-color, instead of rusty.