Part 42

=wadda=, Rauwolfia Welwitschii, Stapf. (Apocynaceæ); a tree somewhat resembling the shea-butter tree, with milky sap; (Benué district and south).

=wa= or =ya= (Sok.), Ficus sp. (Urticaceæ). A species of fig-tree with rounded cordate leaves and large single figs. =wan kurumi=, another species of Ficus.

=waiyaro=, vide =ḳaguwa=.

=wake=, Vigna sinensis, Endl. (V. Catjang, Walp.), and perhaps other species. The common cultivated bean of the country. Chowlee (India), Tow Kok (China).

Numerous varieties are recognized, some of them probably of different species:—

farin wake, and jan wake, waken damana;

ḳwama (Sok. and Gobir) = small brown beans usually given to horses but also used as human food;

tsarariya, also a brown bean, sometimes mottled;

zaḳo, mai zaḳi, or ba-zaḳa (Gobir), a well-flavoured bean which can be cooked without salt;

ḍan Uda, or Ba-Ude (Kano), a bean which is half black or brown and half white like a similarly marked variety of sheep (Udawa, a Fulani tribe); roko, also a piebald bean;

yaro da manda, a spotted black and white bean;

hannun marini, with a blue pod and seeds black-speckled;

ḍan kwoloje, a larger white bean;

ḍan arbain, planted in damp places and said to be ripe in 40 days after planting;

damana biyu or kaka biyu, perhaps the same as ḍan arbain, because two crops can be grown in one season;

ka nannaḍe, q.v. a brown-speckled bean in curled pods; bidi, also a speckled bean.

Beans are used as food in the following ways:—

1. Fresh leaves used as a vegetable or in soup.

2. Young pods eaten raw or cooked.

3. Beans eaten boiled; the husks given to cattle.

4. Tubani, dried beans pounded, kanwa added, tied up in folded palm or other leaf and boiled.

5. Ḍan wake, bean meal with kanwa boiled in lumps and balls, eaten with a soup or sauce of ground-nuts, salt, pepper, &c. (romon geḍa).

6. Ḳosai, dried beans soaked in cold water, ground moist, and then boiled in ground-nut oil and made into balls or dough-nuts; (mucilage of yoḍo, q.v. may be added for cohesion); ḳosai of beans nearly corresponds with kwalli kwalli of ground-nuts, and abakuru of =kwaruru=, q.v.

7. Wasa wasa, porridge of ground beans.

8. Maka (East Hausa), bean leaves dried and used in soup.

harawan wake = bean straw used as fodder.

kowar wake = bean pods or husks.

jimḅirin wake = immature bean pods used as a vegetable often uncooked.