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🌋 The Cascade Range: Fire, Ice, and Water

Read the Cascade Range as a living system of subduction, volcanoes, glaciers, rivers, and weather.

3
lessons
~10 min
to learn
🔬 Science
subject
Adults
level
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What you’ll learn

  1. A volcanic arcConnect the Cascade volcanoes to subduction and the older mountain system beneath them.The volcanic skyline is the visible expression of a long-lived plate boundary and a much larger history of uplift and erosion.
  2. Ice and collapseDistinguish volcanic construction from glacial carving and caldera collapse.Ice reshapes volcanic mountains, while Mount Mazama’s collapse and Wizard Island show that Crater Lake remains a volcanic landscape.
  3. Water crosses the wallRead the Cascades as a barrier that redirects rivers, weather, and risk.The Columbia crosses an active arc, the crest separates wetter and drier climates, and Mount St. Helens shows the process is ongoing.

Questions this course answers

Why do Cascade volcanoes form a belt?

Their alignment follows the volcanic arc above the Cascadia subduction zone.

What formed the basin that holds Crater Lake?

The climactic eruption emptied part of Mount Mazama’s magma system, and the summit collapsed into a caldera.

What makes the Columbia River Gorge geologically unusual?

USGS describes the Columbia as the world’s largest river to bisect an active volcanic arc.

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