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📘 How pain signals reach the brain

Trace nociceptors, action potentials, spinal circuits, reflexes, thalamic relays, and pain perception.

lessons

~10 min

to learn

🔬 Science

subject

Adults

level

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What you’ll learn

Nociception
Transduction
Afferent fiber
Dorsal horn
Withdrawal
Ascending tract
Thalamus
Pain
Inflammation
Modulation

Questions this course answers

What do nociceptors detect?

Nociceptors encode noxious conditions and injury-related signals.

Where do body nociceptor signals first enter the spinal cord?

Primary afferents terminate in dorsal-horn circuits.

Why can withdrawal precede pain awareness?

Reflex circuits can respond before ascending signals are integrated consciously.

What is the difference between nociception and pain?

Pain emerges from brain processing of nociceptive and contextual information.

What can inflammation do to nociceptors?

Inflammatory mediators can lower nociceptor thresholds.

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