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📘 How El Niño shifts weather

Trace trade winds, warm Pacific water, atmospheric coupling, teleconnections, and seasonal impacts.

lessons

~20 min

to learn

🔬 Science

subject

Adults

level

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What you’ll learn

Pacific baseline
Warm anomaly
Trade-wind weakening
Convection shift
Southern Oscillation
Equatorial waves
Teleconnections
North American winter
Fisheries
Rainfall extremes
Global patterns
Onset
Peak
Decay
Forecasting
Probability

Questions this course answers

What defines El Niño?

El Niño is a coupled ocean-atmosphere climate pattern.

What do weaker trade winds do?

Wind changes redistribute heat and deepen the eastern thermocline.

What are teleconnections?

Tropical heating can alter jet streams and weather far away.

Why can El Niño bring both drought and flood?

Rainfall odds change differently by region and season.

Why do scientists use buoys and subsurface measurements?

Subsurface heat content is an early and important part of ENSO dynamics.

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