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📘 A city glued to one bank

Look down. A dense grey city is pressed hard against a brown river. Pale fields and an oxbow lie on the far bank. Two thin bridges stitch the water. That city is Memphis. That river is the Mississippi. You have just entered Tennessee from t

4
lessons
~20 min
to learn
Adults
level
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What you’ll learn

  1. West Tennessee floorRead west tennessee floor from the window.A city glued to one bank; The long way across a short state.
  2. Middle basin and rimRead middle basin and rim from the window.Then the land drops into a bowl; The rim that rings it.
  3. East valley and SmokiesRead east valley and smokies from the window.A city stuffed into a trough; A river is born under you.
  4. TVA and three divisionsRead tva and three divisions from the window.They rebuilt the river; A secret city on the power.

Questions this course answers

Why does Memphis sit on one bank of the Mississippi?

Tennessee Encyclopedia and NPS materials tie Memphis to the Fourth Chickasaw Bluff.

What geologic feature is Nashville built on?

USGS and Luther profile describe the Central Basin as an elliptical topographic bowl.

What do the three stars on Tennessee's flag represent?

Secretary of State symbol notes tie the stars to East, Middle and West Tennessee.

Grounded in trusted sources

  • Encyclopaedia Britannica — Tennessee: stretches 432 miles (695 km) east to west and 112 miles (180 km) north to south; three grand divisions East, Middle, and West; East Tennessee the Great Smoky Mountains and Cumberland Plateau; Middle Tennessee the Central Basin and Highland Rim with Nashville; West Tennessee flat, rich soil, Memphis
  • Edward T. Luther, Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture — “Geologic Zones”: narrow state with long axis east–west across the grain of the geology; three grand divisions each divisible into three geologic zones; West Tennessee begins at the northward-flowing reach of the Tennessee River; Mississippi River Flood Plain parts less than 200 feet above sea level; Plateau Slope 200–300 feet higher; Western Valley / Kentucky Lake about 360 feet; climb of more than 400 feet to the Western Highland Rim, then about 300 feet down into the Central Basin; rise of about 500 feet onto the Eastern Highland Rim and about 1,000 feet more to the Cumberland Plateau; eastern edge of the plateau about 750 feet above the Valley and Ridge; Unaka / Clingman’s Dome more than 6,600 feet down to about 1,000 feet near Pigeon Forge; New Madrid seismic zone under northwestern West Tennessee
  • Tennessee Code Annotated Title 4, Chapter 1, Part 2 (§§ 4-1-201 to 4-1-204) — eastern, middle, and western grand divisions defined by listed counties; Tenn. Code Ann. § 16-2-101 — Supreme Court administered by those three grand divisions
  • Constitution of the State of Tennessee, Schedule § 2 / modern practice as described in the Tennessee Encyclopedia “Government” — no more than two of the five Supreme Court justices from any one grand division
  • Tennessee Secretary of State — State Symbols: flag designed by LeRoy Reeves, Third Regiment, Tennessee Infantry; three white stars represent the three grand divisions, bound by an endless blue circle; adopted by the General Assembly 17 April 1905 (Public Acts 1905, ch. 498)
  • Tennessee Encyclopedia — “Government”: President George Washington signed the act admitting Tennessee as the sixteenth state on 1 June 1796; constitution drafted at Knoxville, January–February 1796; legislature required to choose a permanent capital by 1843
  • Tennessee Encyclopedia — “Capital Cities” / “Knoxville” (Steve Cotham): Knoxville the first capital from the 1796 constitution through 1812, again 1817–1818; Nashville chosen as the permanent capital in 1843
  • Tennessee Encyclopedia — “Nashville (Metropolitan Nashville/Davidson County)”: William Strickland’s Greek Revival capitol, completed 1859

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