Part 6

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mass; entirely; all at once; completely; as, to carry away bodily. ½Leapt bodily below.¸ Lowell. Bod¶ing (?), a. Foreshowing; presaging; ominous. Ð Bod¶ingÏly, adv. Bod¶ing, n. A prognostic; an omen; a foreboding. Bod¶kin (?), n. [OE. boydekyn dagger; of uncertain origin; cf. W. bidog hanger, short sword, Ir. bideog, Gael. biodag.] 1. A dagger. [Obs.] When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin. Shak. 2. (Needlework) An implement of steel, bone, ivory, etc., with a sharp point, for making holes by piercing; a ?tiletto; an eyeleteer. 3. (Print.) A sharp tool, like an awl, used for picking ?ut letters from a column or page in making corrections. 4. A kind of needle with a large eye and a blunt point, for drawing tape, ribbon, etc., through a loop or a hem; a tape needle. Wedged whole ages in a bodkin's eye. Pope. 5. A kind of pin used by women to fasten the hair. To sit, ride, or travel bodkin, to sit closely wedged between two persons. [Colloq.] Thackeray. Bod¶kin, n. See Baudekin. [Obs.] Shirley. Bo¶dle (?), n. A small Scotch coin worth about one sixth of an English penny. Sir W.Scott. Bod¶leiÏan , a. Of or pertaining to Sir Thomas Bodley, or to the celebrated library at Oxford, founded by him in the sixteenth century. BoÏdock¶ (?), n. [Corrupt. fr. bois d'arc.] The Osage orange. [Southwestern U.S.] Bod¶rage (?), n. [Prob. of Celtic origin: cf. Bordrage.] A raid. [Obs.] Bod¶y (?), n.; pl. Bodies (?). [OE. bodi, AS. bodig; akin to OHG. botah. ?257. Cf. Bodice.] 1. The material organized substance of an animal, whether living or dead, as distinguished from the spirit, or vital principle; the physical person. Absent in body, but present in spirit. 1 Cor. v. 3 For of the soul the body form doth take. For soul is form, and doth the body make. Spenser. 2. The trunk, or main part, of a person or animal, as distinguished from the limbs and head; the main, central, or principal part, as of a tree, army, country, etc. Who set the body and the limbs Of this great sport together? Shak. The van of the king's army was led by the general; ... in the body was the king and the prince. Clarendon. Rivers that run up into the body of Italy. Addison. 3. The real, as opposed to the symbolical; the substance, as opposed to the shadow. Which are a shadow of things to come; but the body is of Christ. Col.ii. 17. 4. A person; a human being; Ð frequently in composition; as, anybody, nobody. A dry, shrewd kind of a body. W. Irving. 5. A number of individuals spoken of collectively, usually as united by some common tie, or as organized for some purpose; a collective whole or totality; a corporation; as, a legislative body; a clerical body. A numerous body led unresistingly to the slaughter. Prescott. 6. A number of things or particulars embodied in a system; a general collection; as, a great body of facts; a body of laws or of divinity. 7. Any mass or portion of matter; any substance distinct from others; as, a metallic body; a moving body; an a‰riform body. ½A body of cold air.¸ Huxley. By collision of two bodies, grind The air attrite to fire. Milton. 8. Amount; quantity; extent. 9. That part of a garment covering the body, as distinguished from the parts covering the limbs. 10. The bed or box of a vehicle, on or in which the load is placed; as, a wagon body; a cart body. 11. (Print.) The shank of a type, or the depth of the shank (by which the size is indicated); as, a nonpareil face on an agate body. 12. (Geom.) A figure that has length, breadth, and thickness; any solid figure. 13. Consistency; thickness; substance; strength; as, this color has body; wine of a good body. µ Colors bear a body when they are capable of being ground so fine, and of being mixed so entirely with oil, as to seem only a very thick oil of the same color. After body (Naut.), the part of a ship abaft the dead flat. Ð Body cavity (Anat.), the space between the walls of the body and the inclosed viscera; the c‘lum; Ð in mammals, divided by the diaphragm into thoracic and abdominal cavities. Ð Body of a church, the nave. Ð Body cloth; pl. Body cloths; a cloth or blanket for covering horses. Ð Body clothes. (pl.) 1. Clothing for the body; esp. underclothing. 2. Body cloths for horses. [Obs.] Addison. Ð Body coat, a gentleman's dress coat. Ð Body color (Paint.), a pigment that has consistency, thickness, or body, in distinction from a tint or wash. Ð Body of a law (Law), the main and operative part. Ð Body louse (Zo”l.), a species of louse (Pediculus vestimenti), which sometimes infests the human body and clothes. See Grayback. Ð Body plan (Shipbuilding), an end elevation, showing the conbour of the sides of a ship at certain points of her length. Ð Body politic, the collective body of a nation or state as politically organized, or as exercising political functions; also, a corporation. Wharton. As to the persons who compose the body politic or associate themselves, they take collectively the name of ½people¸, or ½nation¸. Bouvier. ÐBody servant, a valet. Ð The bodies seven (Alchemy), the metals corresponding to the planets. [Obs.] Sol gold is, and Luna silver we threpe (=call), Mars yren (=iron), Mercurie quicksilver we clepe, Saturnus lead, and Jupiter is tin, and Venus coper. Chaucer. ÐBody snatcher, one who secretly removes without right or authority a dead body from a grave, vault, etc.; a resurrectionist. Ð Body snatching (Law), the unauthorized removal of a dead body from the grave; usually for the purpose of dissection. Bod¶y (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bodied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bodying.] To furnish with, or as with, a body; to produce in definite shape; to embody. To body forth, to give from or shape to mentally. Imagination bodies forth The forms of things unknown. Shak. Bod¶yÏguard· (?), n. 1. A guard to protect or defend the person; a lifeguard. 2. Retinue; attendance; following. Bp. Porteus. B‘Ïo¶tian (?), a. [L. Boeotia, Gr. ?, noted for its moist, thick atmosphere, and the dullness and stupidity of its inhabitants.] Of or pertaining to B‘otia; hence, stupid; dull; obtuse. Ð n. A native of B‘otia; also, one who is dull and ignorant. Ø Boer (?), n. [D., a farmer. See Boor.] A colonist or farmer in South Africa of Dutch descent. Bo¶es (?), 3d sing. pr. of Behove. Behoves or behooves. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bog (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. bog soft, tender, moist: cf. Ir. bogach bog, moor, marsh, Gael. bogan quagmire.] 1. A quagmire filled with decayed moss and other vegetable matter; wet spongy ground where a heavy body is apt to sink; a marsh; a morass. Appalled with thoughts of bog, or caverned pit, Of treacherous earth, subsiding where they tread. R. Jago. 2. A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp. [Local, U. S.] Bog bean. See Buck bean. Ð Bog bumper (bump to make a loud noise), Bog blitter, Bog bluiter, or Bog jumper, the bittern. [Prov.] Ð Bog butter, a hydrocarbon of butterlike consistence found in the peat bogs of Ireland. Ð Bog earth (Min.), a soil composed for the most part of silex and partially decomposed vegetable fiber. P. Cyc. Ð Bog moss. (Bot.) Same as Sphagnum. Ð Bog myrtle (Bot.), the sweet gale. Ð Bog ore. (Min.) (a) An ore of iron found in boggy or swampy land; a variety of brown iron ore, or limonite. (b) Bog manganese, the hydrated peroxide of manganese. Ð Bog rush (Bot.), any rush growing in bogs; saw grass. Ð Bog spavin. See under Spavin. Bog, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bogged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bogging.] To sink, as into a bog; to submerge in a bog; to cause to sink and stick, as in mud and mire. At another time, he was bogged up to the middle in the slough of Lochend. Sir W. Scott. Bog¶ber·ry (?), n. (Bot.) The small cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus), which grows in boggy places. Bo¶gey (?), n. A goblin; a bugbear. See Bogy. Bog¶gard (?), n. A bogey. [Local, Eng.] Bog¶gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Boggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boggling (?).] [ See Bogle, n.] 1. To stop or hesitate as if suddenly frightened, or in doubt, or impeded by unforeseen difficulties; to take alarm; to exhibit hesitancy and indecision. We start and boggle at every unusual appearance. Glanvill. Boggling at nothing which serveth their purpose. Barrow. 2. To do anything awkwardly or unskillfully. 3. To play fast and loose; to dissemble. Howell. Syn. Ð To doubt; hesitate; shrink; stickle; demur. Bog¶gle, v. t. To embarrass with difficulties; to make a bungle or botch of. [Local, U. S.] Bog¶gler (?), n. One who boggles. Bog¶glish (?), a. Doubtful; skittish. [Obs.] Bog¶gy (?), a. Consisting of, or containing, a bog or bogs; of the nature of a bog; swampy; as, boggy land. Bo¶gie (?), n. [A dialectic word. N. of Eng. & Scot.] A fourÐwheeled truck, having a certain amount of play around a vertical axis, used to support in part a locomotive on a railway track. Bo¶gle (?), n. [Scot. and North Eng. bogle, bogill, bugill, specter; as a verb, to terrify, fr. W. bwgwl threatening, fear, bwg, bwgan, specter, hobgoblin. Cf. Bug.] A goblin; a specter; a frightful phantom; a bogy; a bugbear. [Written also boggle.] Bog¶suck·er (?), n. (Zo”l.) The American woodcock; Ð so called from its feeding among the bogs. Bog¶trot·ter (?), n. One who lives in a boggy country; Ð applied in derision to the lowest class of Irish. Halliwell. Bog¶trot·ting (?), a. Living among bogs. Bogue (?), v. i. (Naut.) To fall off from the wind; to edge away to leeward; Ð said only of inferior craft. Bogue (?), n. (Zo”l.) The boce; Ð called also bogue bream. See Boce. Bo¶gus (?), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Spurious; fictitious; sham; Ð a cant term originally applied to counterfeit coin, and hence denoting anything counterfeit. [Colloq. U. S.] Bo¶gus, n. A liquor made of rum and molasses. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett. Bog¶wood· (?), n. The wood of trees, esp. of oaks, dug up from peat bogs. It is of a shining black or ebony color, and is largely used for making ornaments. Bo¶gy (?), n.; pl. Bogies (?). [See Bogle.] A specter; a hobgoblin; a bugbear. ½Death's heads and bogies.¸ J. H. Newman. [Written also bogey.] There are plenty of such foolish attempts at playing bogy in the history of savages. C. Kingsley. BoÏhea¶ (?), n. [From WuÏi, pronounced by the Chinese buÏi, the name of the hills where this kind of tea is grown.] Bohea tea, an inferior kind of black tea. See under Tea. µ The name was formerly applied to superior kinds of black tea, or to black tea in general. BoÏhe¶miÏa (?), n. 1. A country of central Europe. 2. Fig.: The region or community of social Bohemians. See Bohemian, n., 3. She knew every one who was any one in the land of Bohemia. Compton Reade. BoÏhe¶miÏan (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to Bohemia, or to the language of its ancient inhabitants or their descendants. See Bohemian, n., 2. 2. Of or pertaining to a social gypsy or ½Bohemian¸ (see Bohemian, n., 3); vagabond; unconventional; free and easy. [Modern] Hers was a pleasant Bohemian life till she was five and thirty. Blackw. Mag. Artists have abandoned their Bohemian manners and customs nowadays. W. Black. Bohemian chatterer, or Bohemian waxwing (Zo”l.), a small bird of Europe and America (Ampelis garrulus); the waxwing. Ð Bohemian glass, a variety of hard glass of fine quality, made in Bohemia. It is of variable composition, containing usually silica, lime, and potash, rarely soda, but no lead. It is often remarkable for beauty of color. BoÏhe¶miÏan (?), n. 1. A native of Bohemia. 2. The language of the Czechs (the ancient inhabitants of Bohemia), the richest and most developed of the dialects of the Slavic family. 3. A restless vagabond; Ð originally, an idle stroller or gypsy (as in France) thought to have come from Bohemia; in later times often applied to an adventurer in art or literature, of irregular, unconventional habits, questionable tastes, or free morals. [Modern] µ In this sense from the French boh‚mien, a gypsy; also, a person of irregular habits. She was of a wild, roving nature, inherited from father and mother, who were both Bohemians by taste and circumstances. Thackeray. BoÏhe¶miÏanÏism (?), n. The characteristic conduct or methods of a Bohemian. [Modern] Ø Bo¶hun u¶pas (?). See Upas. Ø BoÏiar¶ (?), n. See Boyar. Boil (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Boiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boiling.] [OE. boilen, OF. boilir, builir, F. bouillir, fr. L. bullire to be in a bubbling motion, from bulla bubble; akin to Gr. ?, Lith. bumbuls. Cf. Bull an edict, Budge, v., and Ebullition.] 1. To be agitated, or tumultuously moved, as a liquid by the generation and rising of bubbles of steam (or vapor), or of currents produced by heating it to the boiling point; to be in a state of ebullition; as, the water boils. 2. To be agitated like boiling water, by any other cause than heat; to bubble; to effervesce; as, the boiling waves. He maketh the deep to boil like a pot. Job xii. 31. 3. To pass from a liquid to an a‰riform state or vapor when heated; as, the water boils away. 4. To be moved or excited with passion; to be hot or fervid; as, his blood boils with anger. Then boiled my breast with flame and burning wrath. Surrey. 5. To be in boiling water, as in cooking; as, the potatoes are boiling. To boil away, to vaporize; to evaporate or be evaporated by the action of heat. Ð To boil over, to run over the top of a vessel, as liquid when thrown into violent agitation by heat or other cause of effervescence; to be excited with ardor or passion so as to lose selfÐcontrol. Boil, v.t. 1. To heat to the boiling point, or so as to cause ebullition; as, to boil water. 2. To form, or separate, by boiling or evaporation; as, to boil sugar or salt. 3. To subject to the action of heat in a boiling liquid so as to produce some specific effect, as cooking, cleansing, etc.; as, to boil meat; to boil clothes. The stomach cook is for the hall, And boileth meate for them all. Gower. 4. To steep or soak in warm water. [Obs.] To try whether seeds be old or new, the sense can not inform; but if you boil them in water, the new seeds will sprout sooner. Bacon. To boil down, to reduce in bulk by boiling; as, to boil down sap or sirup. Boil, n. Act or state of boiling. [Colloq.] Boil, n. [Influenced by boil, v. See Beal, Bile.] A hard, painful, inflamed tumor, which, on suppuration, discharges pus, mixed with blood, and discloses a small fibrous mass of dead tissue, called the core. A blind boil, one that suppurates imperfectly, or fails to come to a head. Ð Delhi boil (Med.), a peculiar affection of the skin, probably parasitic in origin, prevailing in India (as among the British troops) and especially at Delhi. Boil¶aÏry (?), n. See Boilery. Boiled (?), a. Dressed or cooked by boiling; subjected to the action of a boiling liquid; as, boiled meat; a boiled dinner; boiled clothes. Boil¶er (?), n. 1. One who boils. 2. A vessel in which any thing is boiled. µ The word boiler is a generic term covering a great variety of kettles, saucepans, clothes boilers, evaporators, coppers, retorts, etc. 3. (Mech.) A strong metallic vessel, usually of wrought iron plates riveted together, or a composite structure variously formed, in which steam is generated for driving engines, or for heating, cooking, or other purposes. µ The earliest steam boilers were usually spheres or sections of spheres, heated wholly from the outside. Watt used the wagon boiler (shaped like the top of a covered wagon) which is still used with low pressures. Most of the boilers in present use may be classified as plain cylinder boilers, flue boilers, sectional and tubular boilers. Barrel of a boiler, the cylindrical part containing the flues. Ð Boiler plate, Boiler iron, plate or rolled iron of about a quarter to a half inch in thickness, used for making boilers and tanks, for covering ships, etc. Ð Cylinder boiler, one which consists of a single iron cylinder. Ð Flue boilers are usually single shells containing a small

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number of large flues, through which the heat either passes from the fire or returns to the chimney, and sometimes containing a fire box inclosed by water. Ð Locomotive boiler, a boiler which contains an inclosed fire box and a large number of small flues leading to the chimney. Ð Multiflue boiler. Same as Tubular boiler, below. Ð Sectional boiler, a boiler composed of a number of sections, which are usually of small capacity and similar to, and connected with, each other. By multiplication of the sections a boiler of any desired capacity can be built up. Ð Tubular boiler, a boiler containing tubes which form flues, and are surrounded by the water contained in the boiler. See Illust. of Steam boiler, under Steam. Ð Tubulous boiler. See under Tubulous. See Tube, n., 6, and 1st Flue. Boil¶erÏy (?), n. [Cf. F. bouillerie.] A place and apparatus for boiling, as for evaporating brine in salt making. Boil¶ing, a. Heated to the point of bubbling; heaving with bubbles; in tumultuous agitation, as boiling liquid; surging; seething; swelling with heat, ardor, or passion. Boiling point, the temperature at which a fluid is converted into vapor, with the phenomena of ebullition. This is different for different liquids, and for the same liquid under different pressures. For water, at the level of the sea, barometer 30 in., it is 212 ? Fahrenheit; for alcohol, 172.96?; for ether, 94.8?; for mercury, about 675?. The boiling point of water is lowered one degree Fahrenheit for about 550 feet of ascent above the level of the sea. Ð Boiling spring, a spring which gives out very hot water, or water and steam, often ejecting it with much force; a geyser. Ð To be at the boiling point, to be very angry. Ð To keep the pot boiling, to keep going on actively, as in certain games. [Colloq.] Boil¶ing, n. 1. The act of ebullition or of tumultuous agitation. 2. Exposure to the action of a hot liquid. Boil¶ingÏly, adv. With boiling or ebullition. And lakes of bitumen rise boiling higher. Byron. Ø Bois¶ d'arc¶ (?). [F., bow wood. So called because used for bows by the Western Indians.] (Bot.) The Osage orange (Maclura aurantiaca). The bois d'arc seems to be the characteristic growth of the black prairies. U. S. Census (1880). Ø Bois¶ dur·ci¶ (?). [F., hardened wood.] A hard, highly polishable composition, made of fine sawdust from hard wood (as rosewood) mixed with blood, and pressed. Boist (?), n. [OF. boiste, F. boŒte, from the same root as E. box.] A box. [Obs.] Bois¶terÏous (?), a. [OE. boistous; of uncertain origin; cf. W. bwyst wild, savage, wildness, ferocity, bwystus ferocious.] 1. Rough or rude; unbending; unyielding; strong; powerful. [Obs.] ½Boisterous sword.¸ ½Boisterous hand.¸ Shak. 2. Exhibiting tumultuous violence and fury; acting with noisy turbulence; violent; rough; stormy. The waters swell before a boisterous storm. Shak. The brute and boisterous force of violent men. Milton. 3. Noisy; rough; turbulent; as, boisterous mirth; boisterous behavior. I like not that loud, boisterous man. Addison. 4. Vehement; excessive. [R.] The heat becomes too powerful and boisterous for them. Woodward. Syn. Ð Loud; roaring; violent; stormy; turbulent; furious; tumultuous; noisy; impetuous; vehement. Bois¶terÏousÏly, adv. In a boisterous manner. Bois¶terÏousÏness, n. The state or quality of being boisterous; turbulence; disorder; tumultuousness. Bois¶tous (?), a. Rough or rude; coarse; strong; violent; boisterous; noisy. [Obs.] Chaucer. Ð Bois¶tousÏly, adv. Ð Bois¶tousÏness, n. [Obs.] Chaucer. BoÏja¶nus or¶gan (?). [From Bojanus, the discoverer.] (Zo”l.) A glandular organ of bivalve mollusca, serving in part as a kidney. Bo¶kaÏdam· (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Cerberus. Boke, v. t. & i. To poke; to thrust. [Obs. or Dial.] Bo¶lar (?), a. [See Bole clay.] Of or pertaining to bole or clay; partaking of the nature and qualities of bole; clayey. Ø Bo¶las (?), n. sing. & pl. [Sp.] A kind of missile weapon consisting of one, two, or more balls of stone, iron, or other material, attached to the ends of a leather cord; Ð used by the Gauchos of South America, and others, for hurling at and entangling an animal. Bold (?), a. [OE. bald, bold, AS. bald, beald; akin to Icel. ballr, OHG. bald, MHG. balt, D. boud, Goth. bal?ei boldness, It. baldo. In Ger. there remains only bald, adv. soon. Cf. Bawd, n.] 1. Forward to meet danger; venturesome; daring; not timorous or shrinking from risk; brave; courageous. Throngs of knights and barons bold. Milton. 2. Exhibiting or requiring spirit and contempt of danger; planned with courage; daring; vigorous. ½The bold design leased highly.¸ Milton. 3. In a bad sense, too forward; taking undue liberties; over assuming or confident; lacking proper modesty or restraint; rude; impudent. Thou art too wild, too rude and bold of voice. Shak. 4. Somewhat overstepping usual bounds, or conventional rules, as in art, literature, etc.; taking liberties in o composition or expression; as, the figures of an author are bold. ½Bold tales.¸ Waller. The cathedral church is a very bold work. Addison. 5. Standing prominently out to view; markedly conspicuous; striking the eye; in high relief. Shadows in painting ... make the figure bolder. Dryden. 6. Steep; abrupt; prominent. Where the bold cape its warning forehead rears. Trumbull. Bold eagle (Zo”l.), an Australian eagle (Aquila audax), which destroys lambs and even the kangaroo. Ð To make bold, to take liberties or the liberty; to venture. Syn. Ð Courageous; daring; brave; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; valiant; manful; audacious; stouthearted; highÏspirited; adventurous; confident; strenuous; forward; impudent. Bold (?), v. t. To make bold or daring. [Obs.] Shak. Bold, v. i. To be or become bold. [Obs.] Bold¶en (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Boldened (?). ] To make bold; to encourage; to embolden. Ready speakers, being boldened with their present abilities to say more, ... use less help of diligence and study. Ascham. Bold¶Ðfaced· (?), a. 1. Somewhat impudent; lacking modesty; as, a boldÐfaced woman. I have seen enough to confute all the boldÐfaced atheists of this age. Bramhall. 2. (Print.) Having a conspicuous or heavy face. µ This line is boldÐfaced nonpareil.? Bold¶ly, adv. [AS. bealdlÆce.] In a bold manner. Bold¶ness, n. The state or quality of being bold. Syn. Ð Courage; bravery; intrepidity; dauntlessness; hardihood; assurance. Ø Bol¶do (?), Ø Bol¶du (?), } n. (Bot.) A fragrant evergreen shrub of Chili (Peumus Boldus). The bark is used in tanning, the wood for making charcoal, the leaves in medicine, and the drupes are eaten. Bole (?), n. [OE. bole, fr. Icel. bolr; akin to Sw. b†l, Dan. bul, trunk, stem of a tree, G. bohle a thick plank or board; cf. LG. boll round. Cf. Bulge.] The trunk or stem of a tree, or that which is like it. Enormous elmÏtree boles did stoop and lean. Tennyson. Bole, n. [Etym. doubtful.] An aperture, with a wooden shutter, in the wall of a house, for giving, occasionally, air or light; also, a small closet. [Scot.] Open the bole wi'speed, that I may see if this be the right Lord Geraldin. Sir W. Scott. Bole, n. A measure. See Boll, n., 2. Mortimer. Bole, n. [Gr. ? a clod or lump of earth: cf. F. bol, and also L. bolus morsel. Cf. Bolus.] 1. Any one of several varieties of friable earthy clay, usually colored more or less strongly red by oxide of iron, and used to color and adulterate various substances. It was formerly used in medicine. It is composed essentially of hydrous silicates of alumina, or more rarely of magnesia. See Clay, and Terra alba. 2. A bolus; a dose. Coleridge. Armenian bole. See under Armenian. Ð Bole Armoniac, or Armoniak, Armenian bole. [Obs.] Chaucer. BoÏlec¶tion (?), n. (Arch.) A projecting molding round a panel. Same as Bilection. Gwilt. Ø BoÏle¶ro (?), n. [Sp.] (Mus.) A Spanish dance, or the lively music which accompanies it. BoÏlet¶ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, the Boletus. Boletic acid, an acid obtained from the Boletus fomentarius, variety pseudoÏigniarius. Same as Fumaric acid. Ø BoÏle¶tus (?), n. [L. boletus, Gr. ?.] (Bot.) A genus of fungi having the under side of the pileus or cap composed of a multitude of fine separate tubes. A few are edible, and others very poisonous. Bo¶ley, Bo¶lye (?), n. Same as Booly. Bo¶lide (?), n. [F. See Bolis.] A kind of meteor; a bolis. Ø Bo¶lis, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? missile, arrow, fr. ? to throw.] A meteor or brilliant shooting star, followed by a train of light or sparks; esp. one which explodes. BoÏliv¶iÏan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Bolivia. Ð n. A native of Bolivia. Boll (?), n. [OE. bolle boll, bowl, AS. bolla. See Bowl a vessel.] 1. The pod or capsule of a plant, as of flax or cotton; a pericarp of a globular form. 2. A Scotch measure, formerly in use: for wheat and beans it contained four Winchester bushels; for oats, barley, and potatoes, six bushels. A boll of meal is 140 lbs. avoirdupois. Also, a measure for salt of two bushels. [Sometimes spelled bole.] Boll, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Bolled (?).] To form a boll or seed vessel; to go to seed. The barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled. Ex. ix. 31. Bol¶landÏists (?), n. pl. The Jesuit editors of the ½Acta Sanctorum¸, or Lives of the Saints; Ð named from John Bolland, who began the work. Bol¶lard (?), n. [Cf. Bole the stem of a tree, and Pollard.] An upright wooden or iron post in a boat or on a dock, used in veering or fastening ropes. Bollard timber (Naut.), a timber, also called a knighthead, rising just within the stem in a ship, on either side of the bowsprit, to secure its end. Boll¶en (?), a. See Boln, a. Boll¶ing (?), n. [Cf. Bole stem of a tree, and Poll, v. t.] A tree from which the branches have been cut; a pollard. Boll¶worm· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The larva of a moth (Heliothis armigera) which devours the bolls or unripe pods of the cotton plant, often doing great damage to the crops. Boln (?), v. i. [OE. bolnen, bollen; cf. Dan. bulne. Cf. Bulge.] To swell; to puff. Holland. Boln (?), Boll¶en (?), } a. Swollen; puffed out. Thin, and boln out like a sail. B. Jonson. BoÏlo¶gna (?), n. 1. A city of Italy which has given its name to various objects. 2. A Bologna sausage. Bologna sausage [It. salsiccia di Bologna], a large sausage made of bacon or ham, veal, and pork, chopped fine and inclosed in a skin. Ð Bologna stone (Min.), radiated barite, or barium sulphate, found in roundish masses composed of radiating fibers, first discovered near Bologna. It is phosphorescent when calcined. Ð Bologna vial, a vial of unannealed glass which will fly into pieces when its surface is scratched by a hard body, as by dropping into it a fragment of flint; whereas a bullet may be dropped into it without injury. BoÏlo·gnese¶ (?), a. Of or pertaining to Bologna. Ð n. A native of Bologna. Bolognese school (Paint.), a school of painting founded by the Carracci, otherwise called the Lombard or Eclectic school, the object of which was to unite the excellences of the preceding schools. BoÏlo¶gnian (?), a. & n. Bolognese. Bolognian stone. See Bologna stone, under Bologna. BoÏlom¶eÏter (?), n. [Gr. ? a stroke, ray + Ïmeter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring minute quantities of radiant heat, especially in different parts of the spectrum; Ð called also actinic balance, thermic balance. S. P. Langley. Bol¶ster (?), n. [AS. bolster; akin to Icel. b?lstr, Sw. & Dan. bolster, OHG. bolstar, polstar, G. polster; from the same root as E. bole stem, bowl hollow vessel. Cf. Bulge, Poltroon.] 1. A long pillow or cushion, used to support the head of a person lying on a bed; Ð generally laid under the pillows. And here I'll fling the pillow, there the bolster, This way the coverlet, another way the sheets. Shak. 2. A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder pressure, support any part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part; a compress. This arm shall be a bolster for thy head. Gay. 3. Anything arranged to act as a support, as in various forms of mechanism, etc. 4. (Saddlery) A cushioned or a piece part of a saddle. 5. (Naut.) (a) A cushioned or a piece of soft wood covered with tarred canvas, placed on the trestletrees and against the mast, for the collars of the shrouds to rest on, to prevent chafing. (b) Anything used to prevent chafing. 6. A plate of iron or a mass of wood under the end of a bridge girder, to keep the girder from resting directly on the abutment. 7. A transverse bar above the axle of a wagon, on which the bed or body rests. 8. The crossbeam forming the bearing piece of the body of a railway car; the central and principal cross beam of a car truck. 9. (Mech.) the perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched. 10. (Cutlery) (a) That part of a knife blade which abuts upon the end of the handle. (b) The metallic end of a pocketknife handle. G. Francis. 11. (Arch.) The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital. G. Francis. 12. (Mil.) A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation. [See Illust. of Gun carriage.] Bolster work (Arch.), members which are bellied or curved outward like cushions, as in friezes of certain classical styles. Bol¶ster, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bolstered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bolstering.] 1. To support with a bolster or pillow. S. Sharp. 2. To support, hold up, or maintain with difficulty or unusual effort; Ð often with up. To bolster baseness. Drayton. Shoddy inventions designed to bolster up a factitious pride. Compton Reade. Bol¶stered (?), a. 1. Supported; upheld. 2. Swelled out. Bol¶sterÏer (?), n. A supporter. Bolt (?), n. [AS. bolt; akin to Icel. bolti, Dan. bolt, D. bout, OHG. bolz, G. bolz, bolzen; of uncertain origin.] 1. A shaft or missile intended to be shot from a crossbow or catapult, esp. a short, stout, bluntÐheaded arrow; a quarrel; an arrow, or that which resembles an arrow; a dart. Look that the crossbowmen lack not bolts. Sir W. Scott. A fool's bolt is soon shot. Shak. 2. Lightning; a thunderbolt. 3. A strong pin, of iron or other material, used to fasten or hold something in place, often having a head at one end and screw thread cut upon the other end. 4. A sliding catch, or fastening, as for a door or gate; the portion of a lock which is shot or withdrawn by the action of the key. 5. An iron to fasten the legs of a prisoner; a shackle; a fetter. [Obs.] Away with him to prison! lay bolts enough upon him. Shak. 6. A compact package or roll of cloth, as of canvas or silk, often containing about forty yards. 7. A bundle, as of oziers. Bolt auger, an auger of large size; an auger to make holes for the bolts used by shipwrights. Ð Bolt and nut, a metallic pin with a head formed upon one end, and a movable piece (the nut) screwed upon a thread cut upon the other end. See B, C, and D, in illust. above. See Tap bolt, Screw bolt, and Stud bolt. Bolt, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Bolting.] 1. To shoot; to discharge or drive forth.

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2. To utter precipitately; to blurt or throw out. I hate when Vice can bolt her arguments. Milton. 3. To swallow without chewing; as, to bolt food. 4. (U. S. Politics) To refuse to support, as a nomination made by a party to which one has belonged or by a caucus in which one has taken part. 5. (Sporting) To cause to start or spring forth; to dislodge, as conies, rabbits, etc. 6. To fasten or secure with, or as with, a bolt or bolts, as a door, a timber, fetters; to shackle; to restrain. Let tenfold iron bolt my door. Langhorn. Which shackles accidents and bolts up change. Shak. Bolt (?), v. i. 1. To start forth like a bolt or arrow; to spring abruptly; to come or go suddenly; to dart; as, to bolt out of the room. This Puck seems but a dreaming dolt, ... And oft out of a bush doth bolt. Drayton. 2. To strike or fall suddenly like a bolt. His cloudless thunder bolted on their heads. Milton. 3. To spring suddenly aside, or out of the regular path; as, the horse bolted. 4. (U.S. Politics) To refuse to support a nomination made by a party or a caucus with which one has been connected; to break away from a party. Bolt, adv. In the manner of a bolt; suddenly; straight; unbendingly. came bolt up against the heavy dragoon. Thackeray. Bolt upright. (a) Perfectly upright; perpendicular; straight up; unbendingly erect. Addison. (b) On the back at full length. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bolt, n. [From Bolt, v. i.] 1. A sudden spring or start; a sudden spring aside; as, the horse made a bolt. 2. A sudden flight, as to escape creditors. This gentleman was so hopelessly involved that he contemplated a bolt to America Ð or anywhere. Compton Reade. 3. (U. S. Politics) A refusal to support a nomination made by the party with which one has been connected; a breaking away from one's party. Bolt, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Bolting.] [OE. bolten, boulten, OF. buleter, F. bluter, fr. Ll. buletare, buratare, cf. F. bure coarse woolen stuff; fr. L. burrus red. See Borrel, and cf. Bultel.] 1. To sift or separate the coarser from the finer particles of, as bran from flour, by means of a bolter; to separate, assort, refine, or purify by other means. He now had bolted all the flour. Spenser. Ill schooled in bolted language. Shak. 2. To separate, as if by sifting or bolting; Ð with out. Time and nature will bolt out the truth of things. L'Estrange. 3. (Law) To discuss or argue privately, and for practice, as cases at law. Jacob. To bolt to the bran, to examine thoroughly, so as to separate or discover everything important. Chaucer. This bolts the matter fairly to the bran. Harte. The report of the committee was examined and sifted and bolted to the bran. Burke. Bolt, n. A sieve, esp. a long fine sieve used in milling for bolting flour and meal; a bolter. B. Jonson. Bol¶tel (?), n. See Boultel. Bolt¶er (?), n. One who bolts; esp.: (a) A horse which starts suddenly aside. (b) A man who breaks away from his party. Bolt¶er, n. 1. One who sifts flour or meal. 2. An instrument or machine for separating bran from flour, or the coarser part of meal from the finer; a sieve. Bolt¶er, n. A kind of fishing line. See Boulter. Bolt¶head· (?), n. 1. (Chem.) A long, straightnecked, glass vessel for chemical distillations; Ð called also a matrass or receiver. 2. The head of a bolt. Bolt¶ing, n. A darting away; a starting off or aside. Bolt¶ing, n. 1. A sifting, as of flour or meal. 2. (Law) A private arguing of cases for practice by students, as in the Inns of Court. [Obs.] Bolting cloth, wire, hair, silk, or other sieve cloth of different degrees of fineness; Ð used by millers for sifting flour. McElrath. Ð Bolting hutch, a bin or tub for the bolted flour or meal; (fig.) a receptacle. Bol¶tonÏite (?), n. (Min.) A granular mineral of a grayish or yellowish color, found in Bolton, Massachusetts. It is a silicate of magnesium, belonging to the chrysolite family. Bolt¶rope· (?), n. (Naut.) A rope stitched to the edges of a sail to strengthen the sail. Bolt¶sprit· (?), n. [A corruption of bowsprit.] (Naut.) See Bowsprit. Bol¶ty (?), n. (Zo”l.) An edible fish of the Nile (genus Chromis). [Written also bulti.] Bo¶lus (?), n.; pl. Boluses (?). [L. bolus bit, morsel; cf. G. ? lump of earth. See Bole, n., clay.] A rounded mass of anything, esp. a large pill. Bom (?), n. (Zo”l.) A large American serpent, so called from the sound it makes. Bomb (?), n. [F. bombe bombshell, fr. L. bombus a humming or buzzing noise, Gr. ?.] 1. A great noise; a hollow sound. [Obs.] A pillar of iron ... which if you had struck, would make ... a great bomb in the chamber beneath. Bacon. 2. (Mil.) A shell; esp. a spherical shell, like those fired from mortars. See Shell. 3. A bomb ketch. Bomb chest (Mil.), a chest filled with bombs, or only with gunpowder, placed under ground, to cause destruction by its explosion. Ð Bomb ketch, Bomb vessel (Naut.), a small ketch or vessel, very strongly built, on which mortars are mounted to be used in naval bombardments; Ð called also mortar vessel. Ð Bomb lance, a lance or harpoon with an explosive head, used in whale fishing. Ð Volcanic bomb, a mass of lava of a spherical or pear shape. ½I noticed volcanic bombs.¸ Darwin. Bomb, v. t. To bombard. [Obs.] Prior. Bomb, v. i. [Cf. Boom.] To sound; to boom; to make a humming or buzzing sound. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Bom¶bace (?), n. [OF.] Cotton; padding. [Obs.] Bom¶bard (?), n. [F. bombarde, LL. bombarda, fr. L. bombus + Ïard. Cf. Bumper, and see Bomb.] 1. (Gun.) A piece of heavy ordnance formerly used for throwing stones and other ponderous missiles. It was the earliest kind of cannon. They planted in divers places twelve great bombards, wherewith they threw huge stones into the air, which, falling down into the city, might break down the houses. Knolles. 2. A bombardment. [Poetic & R.] J. Barlow. 3. A large drinking vessel or can, or a leather bottle, for carrying liquor or beer. [Obs.] Yond same black cloud, yond huge one, looks like a foul bombard that would shed his liquor. Shak. 4. pl. Padded breeches. [Obs.] Bombard phrase, inflated language; bombast. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Bom¶bard (?), n. [OE. bombarde, fr. F. bombarde.] (Mus.) See Bombardo. [Obs.] BomÏbard¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bombarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Bombarding.] To attack with bombards or with artillery; especially, to throw shells, hot shot, etc., at or into. Next, she means to bombard Naples. Burke. His fleet bombarded and burnt down Dieppe. Wood. Bom·barÏdier¶ (?), n. [F. bombardier.] (Mil.) (a) One who used or managed a bombard; an artilleryman; a gunner. [Archaic] (b) A noncommissioned officer in the British artillery. Bombardier beetle (Zo”l.), a kind of beetle (Brachinus crepitans), so called because, when disturbed, it makes an explosive discharge of a pungent and acrid vapor from its anal glands. The name is applied to other related species, as the B. displosor, which can produce ten or twelve explosions successively. The common American species is B. fumans. Bom¶bardÏman (?), n. One who carried liquor or beer in a can or bombard. [Obs.] They ... made room for a bombardman that brought bouge for a country lady. B. Jonson. BomÏbard¶ment (?), n. [F. bombardement.] An attack upon a fortress or fortified town, with shells, hot shot, rockets, etc.; the act of throwing bombs and shot into a town or fortified place. Ø BomÏbar¶do (?), BomÏbar¶don (?), } n. [It. bombardo.] (Mus.) Originally, a deepÐtoned instrument of the oboe or bassoon family; thence, a bass reed stop on the organ. The name bombardon is now given to a brass instrument, the lowest of a saxhorns, in tone resembling the ophicleide. Grove. Bom·baÏsine¶ (?), n. Same as Bombazine. Bom¶bast (?), n. [OF. bombace cotton, LL. bombax cotton, bombasium a doublet of cotton; hence, padding, wadding, fustian. See Bombazine.] 1. Originally, cotton, or cotton wool. [Obs.] A candle with a wick of bombast. Lupton. 2. Cotton, or any soft, fibrous material, used as stuffing for garments; stuffing; padding. [Obs.] How now, my sweet creature of bombast! Shak. Doublets, stuffed with four, five, or six pounds of bombast at least. Stubbes. 3. Fig.: HighÐsounding words; an inflated style; language above the dignity of the occasion; fustian. Yet noisy bombast carefully avoid. Dryden. Bom¶bast, a. HighÐsounding; inflated; big without meaning; magniloquent; bombastic. evades them with a bombast circumstance, Horribly stuffed with epithets of war. Shak. Nor a tall metaphor in bombast way. Cowley. BomÏbast¶ (?), v. t. To swell or fill out; to pad; to inflate. [Obs.] Not bombasted with words vain ticklish ears to feed. Drayton. BomÏbas¶tic (?), BomÏbas¶ticÏal (?), a. Characterized by bombast; highsounding; inflated. Ð BomÏbas¶ticÏalÏly, adv. A theatrical, bombastic, windy phraseology. Burke. Syn. Ð Turgid; tumid; pompous; grandiloquent. Bom¶bastÏry (?), n. Swelling words without much meaning; bombastic language; fustian. Bombastry and buffoonery, by nature lofty and light, soar highest of all. Swift. Ø Bom¶bax (?), n. [LL., cotton. See Bombast, n.] (Bot.) A genus of trees, called also the silkcotton tree; also, a tree of the genus Bombax. Bom·baÏzet¶ Bom·baÏzette¶ } (?), n. [Cf. Bombazine.] A sort of thin woolen cloth. It is of various colors, and may be plain or twilled. Bom·baÏzine¶ (?), n. [F. bombasin, LL. bombacinium, bambacinium, L. bombycinus silken, bombycinum a silk or cotton texture, fr. bombyx silk, silkworm, Gr. ?. Cf. Bombast, Bombycinous.] A twilled fabric for dresses, of which the warp is silk, and the weft worsted. Black bombazine has been much used for mourning garments. [Sometimes spelt bombasin, and bombasine.] Tomlinson. Bom¶bic (?), a. [L. bombyx silk, silkworm: cf. F. bombique.] Pertaining to, or obtained from, the silkworm; as, bombic acid. Bom¶biÏlate (?), v. i. [LL. bombilare, for L. bombitare. See Bomb, n.] To hum; to buzz. [R.] Bom·biÏla¶tion (?), n. A humming sound; a booming. To ... silence the bombilation of guns. Sir T. Browne. Bom¶biÏnate (?), v. i. To hum; to boom. Bom·biÏna¶tion (?), n. A humming or buzzing. Bom¶boÏlo (?), n.; pl. Bomboloes (?). [Cf. It bombola a pitcher.] A thin spheroidal glass retort or flask, used in the sublimation of camphor. [Written also bumbelo, and bumbolo.] Bomb¶proof· (?), a. Secure against the explosive force of bombs. Ð n. A structure which heavy shot and shell will not penetrate. Bomb¶shell· (?), n. A bomb. See Bomb, n. BomÏby¶cid (?), a. (Zo”l.) Like or pertaining to the genus Bombyx, or the family Bombycid‘. BomÏbyc¶iÏnous (?), a. [L. bombycinus. See Bombazine.] 1. Silken; made of silk. [Obs.] Coles. 2. Being of the color of the silkworm; transparent with a yellow tint. E. Darwin. BomÏbyl¶iÏous (?), a. [L. bombylius a bumblebee, Gr. ?.] Buzzing, like a bumblebee; as, the bombylious noise of the horse fly. [Obs.] Derham. Ø Bom¶byx (?), n. [L., silkworm. See Bombazine.] (Zo”l.) A genus of moths, which includes the silkworm moth. See Silkworm. Ø Bon (?), a. [F., fr. L. bonus.] Good; valid as security for something. BonÐacÏcord¶ (?), n. Good will; good fellowship; agreement. [Scot.] Ø Bo¶na fi¶de (?). [L.] In or with good faith; without fraud or deceit; real or really; actual or actually; genuine or genuinely; as, you must proceed bona fide; a bona fide purchaser or transaction. BoÏnair¶ (?), a. [OE., also bonere, OF. bonnaire, Cotgr., abbrev. of debonnaire. See Debonair.] Gentle; courteous; complaisant; yielding. [Obs.] BoÏnan¶za (?), n. [Sp., prop. calm., fair weather, prosperity, fr. L. bonus good.] In mining, a rich mine or vein of silver or gold; hence, anything which is a mine of wealth or yields a large income. [Colloq. U. S.] Bo·naÏpart¶eÏan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Napoleon Bonaparte or his family. Bo¶naÏpart·ism (?), n. The policy of Bonaparte or of the Bonapartes. Bo¶naÏpart·ist, n. One attached to the policy or family of Bonaparte, or of the Bonapartes. Ø Bo¶na per·iÏtu¶ra (?). [L.] (Law) Perishable goods. Bouvier. Ø Bo¶na ro¶ba (?). [It., prop. ½good stuff.¸] A showy wanton; a courtesan. Shak BoÏna¶sus (?), BoÏnas¶sus (?), n. [L. bonasus, Gr. ?, ?.] (Zo”l.) The aurochs or European bison. See Aurochs. Ø Bon¶bon· (?), n. [F. bonbon, fr. bon bon very good, a superlative by reduplication, fr. bon good.] Sugar confectionery; a sugarplum; hence, any dainty. Bonce (?), n. [Etymol. unknown.] A boy's game played with large marbles. Ø Bon·chr‚·tien¶ (?), n. [F., good Christian.] A name given to several kinds of pears. See Bartlett. Bon¶ciÏlate (?), n. [Empirical trade name.] A substance composed of ground bone, mineral matters, etc., hardened by pressure, and used for making billiard balls, boxes, etc. Bond (?), n. [The same word as band. Cf. Band, Bend.] 1. That which binds, ties, fastens,or confines, or by which anything is fastened or bound, as a cord, chain, etc.; a band; a ligament; a shackle or a manacle. Gnawing with my teeth my bonds in sunder, I gained my freedom. Shak. 2. pl. The state of being bound; imprisonment; captivity, restraint. ½This man doeth nothing worthy of death or of bonds.¸ Acts xxvi. 3. A binding force or influence; a cause of union; a uniting tie; as, the bonds of fellowship. A people with whom I have no tie but the common bond of mankind. Burke. 4. Moral or political duty or obligation. I love your majesty According to my bond, nor more nor less. Shak. 5. (Law) A writing under seal, by which a person binds himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators, to pay a certain sum on or before a future day appointed. This is a single bond. But usually a condition is added, that, if the obligor shall do a certain act, appear at a certain place, conform to certain rules, faithfully perform certain duties, or pay a certain sum of money, on or before a time specified, the obligation shall be void; otherwise it shall remain in full force. If the condition is not performed, the bond becomes forfeited, and the obligor and his heirs are liable to the payment of the whole sum. Bouvier. Wharton. 6. An instrument (of the nature of the ordinary legal bond) made by a government or a corporation for purpose of borrowing money; as, a government, city, or railway bond. 7. The state of goods placed in a bonded warehouse till the duties are paid; as, merchandise in bond. 8. (Arch.) The union or tie of the several stones or bricks forming a wall. The bricks may be arranged for this purpose in several different ways, as in English or block bond (Fig. 1), where one course consists of bricks with their ends toward the face of the wall, called headers, and the next course of bricks with their lengths parallel to the face of the wall, called stretchers; Flemish bond (Fig.2), where each course consists of headers and stretchers alternately, so laid as always to break joints; Cross bond, which differs from the English by the change of the second stretcher line so that its joints come in the middle of the first, and the same position of stretchers comes back every fifth line; Combined cross and English bond, where the inner part of the wall is laid in the one method, the outer in the other.

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9. (Chem.) A unit of chemical attraction; s, oxygen has two bonds of affinity. It is often represented in graphic formul‘ by a short line or dash. See Diagram of Benzene nucleus, and Valence. Arbitration bond. See under Arbitration. Ð Bond crediter (Law), a creditor whose debt is secured by a bond. Blackstone. Ð Bond debt (Law), a debt contracted under the obligation of a bond. Burrows. Ð Bond (or lap) of a slate, the distance between the top of one slate and the bottom or drip of the second slate above, i. e., the space which is covered with three thicknesses; also, the distance between the nail of the under slate and the lower edge of the upper slate. Ð Bond timber, timber worked into a wall to tie or strengthen it longitudinally. Syn. Ð Chains; fetters; captivity; imprisonment. Bond (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bonded; p. pr. & vb. n. Bonding.] 1. To place under the conditions of a bond; to mortgage; to secure the payment of the duties on (goods or merchandise) by giving a bond. 2. (Arch.) To dispose in building, as the materials of a wall, so as to secure solidity. Bond, n. [OE. bond, bonde, peasant, serf, AS. bonda, bunda, husband, bouseholder, from Icel. b?ndi husbandman, for b?andi, fr. b?a to dwell. See Boor, Husband.] A xassal or serf; a slave. [Obs. or Archaic] Bond, a. In a state of servitude or slavery; captive. By one Spirit are we all baptized .. whether we be Jews or Bentiles, whether we be bond or free. 1 Cor. xii. 13. Bond¶age (?), n. [LL. bondagium. See Bond, a.] 1. The state of being bound; condition of being under restraint; restraint of personal liberty by compulsion; involuntary servitude; slavery; captivity. The King, when he designed you for my guard, Resolved he would not make my bondage hard. Dryden. 2. Obligation; tie of duty. He must resolve by no means to be ... brought under the bondage of onserving oaths. South. 3. (Old Eng. Law) Villenage; tenure of land on condition of doing the meanest services for the owner. Syn. Ð Thralldom; bond service; imprisonment. Bond¶aÏger (?), n. A field worker, esp. a woman who works in the field. [Scot.] Ø Bon¶dar (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A small quadruped of Bengal (Paradoxurus bondar), allied to the genet; Ð called also musk cat. Bond¶ed (?), a. Placed under, or covered by, a bond, as for the payment of duties, or for conformity to coertain regulations. Bonded goods, goods placed in a bonded warehouse; goods, for the duties on which bonds are given at the customhouse. Ð Bonded warehouse, a warehouse in which goods on which the duties are unpaid are stored under bond and in the joint custody of the importer, or his agent, and the customs officers. Bond¶er (?), n. 1. One who places goods under bond or in a bonded warehouse. 2. (Masonry) A bonding stone or brick; a bondstone. Bond¶er, n. [Norwegian bonde.] A freeholder on a small scale. [Norway] Emerson. Bond¶hold·er (?), n. A person who holds the bonds of a public or private corporation for the payment of money at a certain time. Bond¶maid· (?), n. [Bond, a. or n. + maid.] A female slave, or one bound to service without wages, as distinguished from a hired servant. Bond¶man (?), n.; pl. Bondmen (?). [Bond, a. or n. + man.] 1. A man slave, or one bound to service without wages. ½To enfranchise bondmen.¸ Macaulay. 2. (Old Eng. Law) A villain, or tenant in villenage. Bond¶ serv·ant (?). A slave; one who is bound to service without wages. If thy brother ... be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee; thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bond servant: but as an hired servant. Lev. xxv. 39, 40. Bond¶ serv·ice (?). The condition of a bond servant; sevice without wages; slavery. Their children ... upon those did Solomon levy a tribute of bond service. 1 Kings ix. 21. Bond¶slave· (?), n. A person in a state of slavery; one whose person and liberty are subjected to the authority of a master. Bonds¶man (?), n.; pl. Bondsmen . [Bond, a. or n. + man.] 1. A slave; a villain; a serf; a bondman. Carnal, greedy people, without such a precept, would have no mercy upon their poor bondsmen. Derham. 2. (Law) A surety; one who is bound, or who gives security, for another. Bond¶stone· (?), n. [Bond, n. + stone.] (Masonry) A stone running through a wall from one face to another, to bind it together; a binding stone. Bonds¶wom·an (?), n. See Bondwoman. Ø Bon¶duc (?), n. [F. bonduc, fr. Ar. bunduq hazel nut, filbert nut.] (Bot.) See Nicker tree. Bond¶wom·an (?), n.; pl. Bondwomen (?). [Bond, a. or n. + woman.] A woman who is a slave, or in bondage. He who was of the bondwoman. Gal. iv. 23. Bone (?), n. [OE. bon, ban, AS. b¾n; akin to Icel. bein, Sw. ben, Dan. & D. been, G. bein bone, leg; cf. Icel. beinn straight.] 1. (Anat.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcic carbonate, calcic phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and bone. µ Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute cavities containing living matter and connected by minute canals, some of which connect with larger canals through which blood vessels ramify. 2. One of the pieces or parts of an animal skeleton; as, a rib or a thigh bone; a bone of the arm or leg; also, any fragment of bony substance. (pl.) The frame or skeleton of the body. 3. Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving bone lace. 4. pl. Two or four pieces of bone held between the fingers and struck together to make a kind of music. 5. pl. Dice. 6. Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of steel for a corset. 7. Fig.: The framework of anything. A bone of contention, a subject of contention or dispute. Ð A bone to pick, something to investigate, or to busy one's self about; a dispute to be settled (with some one). Ð Bone ash, the residue from calcined bones; Ð used for making cupels, and for cleaning jewelry. Ð Bone black (Chem.), the black, carbonaceous substance into which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels; Ð called also animal charcoal. It is used as a decolorizing material in filtering sirups, extracts, etc., and as a black pigment. See Ivory black, under Black. Ð Bone cave, a cave in which are found bones of extinct or recent animals, mingled sometimes with the works and bones of man. Am. Cyc. Ð Bone dust, ground or pulverized bones, used as a fertilizer. Ð Bone earth (Chem.), the earthy residuum after the calcination of bone, consisting chiefly of phosphate of calcium. Ð Bone lace, a lace made of linen thread, so called because woven with bobbins of bone. Ð Bone oil, an oil obtained by, heating bones (as in the manufacture of bone black), and remarkable for containing the nitrogenous bases, pyridine and quinoline, and their derivatives; Ð also called Dippel's oil. Ð Bone setter. Same as Bonesetter. See in the Vocabulary. Ð Bone shark (Zo”l.), the basking shark. Ð Bone spavin. See under Spavin. Ð Bone turquoise, fossil bone or tooth of a delicate blue color, sometimes used as an imitation of true turquoise. Ð Bone whale (Zo”l.), a right whale. Ð To be upon the bones of, to attack. [Obs.] Ð To make no bones, to make no scruple; not to hesitate. Ð To pick a bone with, to quarrel with, as dogs quarrel over a bone; to settle a disagreement. [Colloq.] Bone (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Boned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boning.] 1. To withdraw bones from the flesh of, as in cookery. ½To bone a turkey.¸ Soyer. 2. To put whalebone into; as, to bone stays. Ash. 3. To fertilize with bone. 4. To steal; to take possession of. [Slang] Bone, v. t. [F. bornoyer to look at with one eye, to sight, fr. borgne oneÐeyed.] To sight along an object or set of objects, to see if it or they be level or in line, as in carpentry, masonry, and surveying. Knight. Joiners, etc., bone their work with two straight edges. W. M. Buchanan. Bone¶ache· (?), n. Pain in the bones. Shak. Bone¶black· (?), n. See Bone black, under Bone, n. Boned (?), a. 1. Having (such) bones; Ð used in composition; as, bigÐboned; strongÐboned. No bigÐboned men framed of the Cyclops' size. Shak. 2. Deprived of bones; as, boned turkey or codfish. 3. Manured with bone; as, boned land. Bone¶dog· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The spiny dogfish. Bone¶fish· (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Ladyfish. Bone¶less, a. Without bones. ½Boneless gums.¸ Shak. Bone¶set· (?), n. (Bot.) A medicinal plant, the thoroughwort (Eupatorium perfoliatum). Its properties are diaphoretic and tonic. Bone¶setÏter (?), n. One who sets broken or dislocated bones; Ð commonly applied to one, not a regular surgeon, who makes an occupation of setting bones. Ð Bone¶setÏting, n. Bone¶shaw (?), n. (Med.) Sciatica. [Obs.] BoÏnet¶ta (?), n. See Bonito. Sir T. Herbert. Bon¶fire· (?), n. [OE. bonefire, banefire, orig. a fire of bones; bone + fire; but cf. also Prov. E. bun a dry stalk.] A large fire built in the open air, as an expression of public joy and exultation, or for amusement. Full soon by bonfire and by bell, We learnt our liege was passing well. Gay. Bon¶grace· (?), n. [F. bon good + grƒce grace, charm.] A projecting bonnet or shade to protect the complexion; also, a wideÐbrimmed hat. [Obs.] Ø Bon·hoÏmie¶, Ø Bon·homÏmie¶ (?), n. [F.] good nature; pleasant and easy manner. Bon¶iÏbell (?), n. See Bonnibel. [Obs.] Spenser. Bon¶iÏface (?), n. [From the sleek, jolly landlord in Farquhar's comedy of ½The Beaux' Stratagem.¸] An innkeeper. Bon¶iÏform (?), a. [L. bonus good + Ïform.] Sensitive or responsive to moral excellence. Dr. H. More. Bon¶iÏfy (?), v. t. [L. bonus good + Ïfy: cf. F. bonifier.] To convert into, or make, good. To bonify evils, or tincture them with good. Cudworth. Bon¶iÏness (?), n. The condition or quality of being bony. Bon¶ing, n. [Senses 1 and 2 fr. 1st Bone, sense 3 fr. 3d Bone.] 1. The clearing of bones from fish or meat. 2. The manuring of land with bones. 3. A method of leveling a line or surface by sighting along the tops of two or more straight edges, or a range of properly spaced poles. See 3d Bone, v. t. Bon¶iÏtaÏry (?), a. Beneficial, as opposed to statutory or civil; as, bonitary dominion of land. BoÏni¶to (?), n.; pl. Bonitoes (?). [Sp. & Pg. bonito, fr. Ar. bainÆt and bainÆth.] [Often incorrectly written bonita.] (Zo”l.) 1. A large tropical fish (Orcynus pelamys) allied to the tunny. It is about three feet long, blue above, with four brown stripes on the sides. It is sometimes found on the American coast. 2. The skipjack (Sarda Mediterranea) of the Atlantic, an important and abundant food fish on the coast of the United States, and (S. Chilensis) of the Pacific, and other related species. They are large and active fishes, of a blue color with black oblique stripes. 3. The medregal (Seriola fasciata), an edible fish of the southern of the United States and the West Indies. 4. The cobia or crab eater (Elacate canada), an edible fish of the Middle and Southern United States. Ø Bon¶mot· (?), n.; pl. Bonsmots (?). [ F. bon good + mot word.] A witty repartee; a jest. Ø Bonne (?), n. (F., prop. good woman.) A female servant charged with the care of a young child. Ø Bonne¶ bouche¶ (?); pl. Bonnes bouches (?). [F. bon, fem. bonne, good + bouche mouth.] A delicious morsel or mouthful; a tidbit. Bon¶net (?), n. [OE. bonet, OF. bonet, bonete. F. bonnet fr. LL. bonneta, bonetum; orig. the name of a stuff, and ? unknown origin.] 1. A headdress for men and boys; a cap. [Obs.] Milton. Shak. 2. A soft, ?, very durable cap, made of thick, seamless wool? stuff, and worn by men in Scotland. And ? and bonnets waving high. Sir W. Scott. 3. A covering for the head, worn by women, usually protecting more or less the back and sides of the head, but no part of the forehead. The shape of the bonnet varies greatly at different times; formerly the front part projected, and spread outward, like the mouth of a funnel. 4. Anything resembling a bonnet in shape or use; as, (a) (Fort.) A small defense work at a salient angle; or a part of a parapet elevated to screen the other part from enfilade fire. (b) A metallic canopy, or projection, over an opening, as a fireplace, or a cowl or hood to increase the draught of a chimney, etc. (c) A frame of wire netting over a locomotive chimney, to prevent escape of sparks. (d) A roofing over the cage of a mine, to protect its occupants from objects falling down the shaft. (e) In pumps, a metal covering for the openings in the valve chambers. 5. (Naut.) An additional piece of canvas la?ed to the foot of a jib or foresail in moderate winds. Hakluyt. 6. The second stomach of a ruminating animal. 7. An accomplice of a gambler, auctioneer, etc., who entices others to bet or to bid; a decoy. Bonnet head (Zo”l.), a shark (Sphyrna tiburio) of the southern United States and West Indies. Ð Bonnet limpet (Zo”l.), a name given, from their shape, to various species of shells (family Calyptr‘id‘). Ð Bonnet monkey (Zo”l.), an East Indian monkey (Macacus sinicus), with a tuft of hair on its head; the munga. Ð Bonnet piece, a gold coin of the time of James V. of Scotland, the king's head o? which wears a bonnet. Sir W. Scott. Ð To have a bee in the bonnet. See under Bee. Ð Black bonnet. See under Black. Ð Blue bonnet. See in the Vocabulary. Bon¶net, v. i. To take off the bonnet or cap as a mark of respect; to uncover. [Obs.] Shak. Bon¶netÏed, a. 1. Wearing a bonnet. ½Bonneted and shawled.¸ Howitt. 2. (Fort.) Protected by a bonnet. See Bonnet, 4 (a). Bon¶netÏless, a. Without a bonnet. Bon¶niÏbel (?), n. [F. bonne et belle, good and beautiful. Cf. Bellibone.] A handsome girl. [Obs.] Bon¶nie (?), a. [Scot.] See Bonny, a. Bon¶niÏlass· (?), n. [Bonny + lass.] A ½bonny lass¸; a beautiful girl. [Obs.] Spenser. Bon¶niÏly, adv. Gayly; handsomely. Bon¶niÏness, n. The quality of being bonny; gayety? handsomeness. [R.] Bon¶ny (?), a. [Spelled bonnie by the Scotch.] [OE. boni, prob. fr. F. bon, fem. bonne, good, fr. L. bonus good. See Bounty, and cf. Bonus, Boon.] 1. Handsome; beautiful; pretty; attractively lively and graceful. Till bonny Susan sped across the plain. Gay. Far from the bonnie banks of Ayr. Burns. 2. Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful; blithe. Be you blithe and bonny. Shak. Report speaks you a bonny monk, that would hear the mati?chime ere he quitted his bowl. Sir W. Scott. Bon¶ny, n. (Mining) A round and compact bed of ore, or a distinct bed, not communicating with a vein. Bon¶nyÏclab·ber (?), n. [Ir. bainne, baine, milk + clabar mud, mire.] Coagulated sour milk; loppered milk; curdled milk; Ð sometimes called simply clabber. B. Jonson. Ø Bon¶ Si·lŠne¶ (?). [F.] (Bot.) A very fragrant tea rose with petals of various shades of pink. Bon¶spiel (?), n. [Scot.; of uncertain origin.] A cur?ing match between clubs. [Scot.] Ø Bon¶teÏbok (?), n. [D. bont a sort of skin or fur, prop. variegated + bok buck.] (Zo”l.) The pied antelope of South Africa (Alcelaphus pygarga). Its face and rum[ are white. Called also nunni. Ø Bon¶ ton¶ (?). [F., good tone, manner.] The height of the fashion; fashionable society. Bo¶nus (?), n.; pl. Bonuses (?). [L. bonus good. Cf. Bonny.] 1. (Law) A premium given for a loan, or for a charter or other privilege granted to a company; as the bank paid a bonus for its charter. Bouvier. 2. An extra dividend to the shareholders of a joint stock company, out of accumulated profits. 3. Money paid in addition to a stated compensation. Ø Bon¶ vi·vant¶ (?); pl. Bons vivants (?). [F. bon good + vivant, p. pr. of vivre to live.] A good fellow; a jovial companion; a free liver. Bon¶y (?), a. 1. Consisting of bone, or of bones; full of bones; pertaining to bones. 2. Having large or prominent bones. Bony fish (Zo”l.), the menhaden. Ð Bony pike (Zo”l.), the gar pike (Lepidosteus). Bon¶ze (?), n. [Pg. bonzo, fr. Japan bÓzu a Buddhist priest: cf. F. bonze.] A Buddhist or Fohist priest, monk, or nun. µ The name was given by the Portuguese to the priests of Japan, and has since been applied to the priests of China, Cochin China, and the neighboring countries. Boo¶by (?), n.; pl. Boobies (?). [Sp. bobe dunce, idiot; cf. L. balbus stammering, E. barbarous.] 1. A dunce; a stupid fellow. 2. (Zo”l.) (a) A swimming bird (Sula fiber or S. sula) related to the common gannet, and found in the West

<-- p. 166 -->

Indies, nesting on the bare rocks. It is so called on account of its apparent stupidity. The name is also sometimes applied to other species of gannets; as, S. piscator, the redÐfooted booby. (b) A species of penguin of the antarctic seas. Booby hatch (Naut.), a kind of wooden hood over a hatch, readily removable. Ð Booby hut, a carriage body put upon sleigh runners. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett. Ð Booby hutch, a clumsy covered carriage or seat, used in the eastern part of England. Forby. Ð Booby trap, a schoolboy's practical joke, as a shower bath when a door is opened. Boo¶by (?), a. Having the characteristics of a booby; stupid. Boo¶byÏish, a. Stupid; dull. Boodh (?), n. Same as Buddha. Malcom. Boodh¶ism (?), n. Same as Buddhism. Boodh¶ist, n. Same as Buddhist. Boo¶dle (?), n. [Origin un?tain.] 1. The whole collection or lot; caboodle. [Low, U. S.] Bartlett. 2. Money given in payment for votes or political influence; bribe money; swag. [Polit. slang, U. S.] Boo·hoe¶ (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Boohooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boohooing.] [An imitative word.] To bawl; to cry loudly. Bartlett. Boo¶hoo· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The sailfish; Ð called also woohoo. Book (?), n. [OE. book, bok, AS. b?c; akin to Goth. b?ka a letter, in pl. book, writing, Icel. b?k, Sw. bok, Dan. bog, OS. b?k, D. boek, OHG. puoh, G. buch; and fr. AS. b?c, b?ce, beech; because the ancient Saxons and Germans in general wrote runes on pieces of beechen board. Cf. Beech.] 1. A collection of sheets of paper, or similar material, blank, written, or printed, bound together; commonly, many folded and bound sheets containing continuous printing or writing. µ When blank, it is called a blank book. When printed, the term often distinguishes a bound volume, or a volume of some size, from a pamphlet. µ It has been held that, under the copyright law, a book is not necessarily a volume made of many sheets bound together; it may be printed on a single sheet, as music or a diagram of patterns. Abbott. 2. A composition, written or printed; a treatise. A good book is the precious life blood of a master spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life. Milton. 3. A part or subdivision of a treatise or literary work; as, the tenth book of ½Paradise Lost.¸ 4. A volume or collection of sheets in which accounts are kept; a register of debts and credits, receipts and expenditures, etc. 5. Six tricks taken by one side, in the game of whist; in certain other games, two or more corresponding cards, forming a set. µ Book is used adjectively or as a part of many compounds; as, book buyer, bookrack, book club, book lore, book sale, book trade, memorandum book, cashbook. Book account, an account or register of debt or credit in a book. Ð Book debt, a debt for items charged to the debtor by the creditor in his book of accounts. Ð Book learning, learning acquired from books, as distinguished from practical knowledge. ½Neither does it so much require book learning and scholarship, as good natural sense, to distinguish true and false.¸ Burnet. Ð Book louse (Zo”l.), one of several species of minute, wingless insects injurious to books and papers. They belong to the Pseudoneuroptera. Ð Book moth (Zo”l.), the name of several species of moths, the larv‘ of which eat books. Ð Book oath, an oath made on The Book, or Bible. Ð The Book of Books, the Bible. Ð Book post, a system under which books, bulky manuscripts, etc., may be transmitted by mail. Ð Book scorpion (Zo”l.), one of the false scorpions (Chelifer cancroides) found among books and papers. It can run sidewise and backward, and feeds on small insects. Ð Book stall, a stand or stall, often in the open air, for retailing books. Ð Canonical books. See Canonical. Ð In one's books, in one's favor. ½I was so much in his books, that at his decease he left me his lamp.¸ Addison. Ð To bring to book. (a) To compel to give an account. (b) To compare with an admitted authority. ½To bring it manifestly to book is impossible.¸ M. Arnold. Ð To course by bell, book, and candle. See under Bell. Ð To make a book (Horse Racing), to lay bets (recorded in a pocket book) against the success of every horse, so that the bookmaker wins on all the unsuccessful horses and loses only on the winning horse or horses. Ð To speak by the book, to speak with minute exactness. Ð Without book. (a) By memory. (b) Without authority. Book, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Booked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Booking.] 1. To enter, write, or register in a book or list. Let it be booked with the rest of this day's deeds. Shak. 2. To enter the name of (any one) in a book for the purpose of securing a passage, conveyance, or seat; as, to be booked for Southampton; to book a seat in a theater. 3. To mark out for; to destine or assign for; as, he is booked for the valedictory. [Colloq.] Here I am booked for three days more in Paris. Charles Reade. Book¶bind·er (?), n. One whose occupation is to bind books. Book¶bind·erÏy (?), n. A bookbinder's shop; a place or establishment for binding books. Book¶bind·ing, n. The art, process, or business of binding books. Book¶case· (?), n. A case with shelves for holding books, esp. one with glazed doors. Book¶craft· (?), n. Authorship; literary skill. Booked (?), a. 1. Registered. 2. On the way; destined. [Colloq.] Book¶er (?), n. One who enters accounts or names, etc., in a book; a bookkeeper. Book¶ful (?), n. As much as will fill a book; a book full. Shak. Ð a. Filled with book learning. [R.] ½The bookful blockhead.¸ Pope. Book¶hold·er (?), n. 1. A prompter at a theater. [Obs.] Beau & Fl. 2. A support for a book, holding it open, while one reads or copies from it. Book¶ing clerk· (?). A clerk who registers passengers, baggage, etc., for conveyance, as by railway or steamship, or who sells passage tickets at a booking office. Book¶ing of·fice (?). 1. An office where passengers, baggage, etc., are registered for conveyance, as by railway or steamship. 2. An office where passage tickets are sold. [Eng.] Book¶ish, a. 1. Given to reading; fond of study; better acquainted with books than with men; learned from books. ½A bookish man.¸ Addison. ½Bookish skill.¸ Bp. Hall. 2. Characterized by a method of expression generally found in books; formal; labored; pedantic; as, a bookish way of talking; bookish sentences. Ð Book¶ishÏly, adv. Ð Book¶ishÏness, n. Book¶keep·er (?), n. One who keeps accounts; one who has the charge of keeping the books and accounts in an office. Book¶keep·ing, n. The art of recording pecuniary or business transactions in a regular and systematic manner, so as to show their relation to each other, and the state of the business in which they occur; the art of keeping accounts. The books commonly ? are a daybook, cashbook, journal, and ledger. See Daybook, Cashbook, Journal, and Ledger. Bookkeeping by single entry, the method of keeping books by carrying the record of each transaction to the debit or credit of a single account. Ð Bookkeeping by double entry, a mode of bookkeeping in which two entries of every transaction are carried to the ledger, one to the Dr., or left hand, side of one account, and the other to the Cr., or right hand, side of a corresponding account, in order tha? the one entry may check the other; Ð sometimes called, from the place of its origin, the Italian method. Book¶land· (?), Bock¶land· (?), n. [AS. b?cland; b?c book + land land.] (O. Eng. Law) Charter land held by deed under certain rents and free services, which differed in nothing from free socage lands. This species of tenure has given rise to the modern freeholds. Book¶Ðlearned· (?), a. Versed in books; having knowledge derived from books. [Often in a disparaging sense.] Whate'er these bookÐlearned blockheads say, Solon's the veriest fool in all the play. Dryden. Book¶less, a. Without books; unlearned. Shenstone. Book¶let (?), n. A little book. T. Arnold. Book¶mak·er (?), n. 1. One who writes and publishes books; especially, one who gathers his materials from other books; a compiler. 2. (Horse Racing) A betting man who ½makes a book.¸ See To make a book, under Book, n. Book¶man (?), n.; pl. Bookmen (?). A studious man; a scholar. Shak. Book¶mark· (?), n. Something placed in a book to guide in finding a particular page or passage; also, a label in a book to designate the owner; a bookplate. Book¶mate· (?), n. [Book + mate.] A schoolfellow; an associate in study. Book¶mon·ger (?), n. A dealer in books. Book¶ mus·lin (?). 1. A kind of muslin used for the covers of books. 2. A kind of thin white muslin for ladies' dresses. Book¶plate· (?), n. A label, placed upon or in a book, showing its ownership or its position in a library. Book¶sell·er (?), n. One who sells books. Book¶sell·ing (?), n. The employment of selling books. Book¶shelf· (?), n.; pl. Bookshelves (?). A shelf to hold books. Book¶shop· (?), n. A bookseller's shop. [Eng.] Book¶stall· (?), n. A stall or stand where books are sold. Book¶stand· (?), n. 1. A place or stand for the sale of books in the streets; a bookstall. 2. A stand to hold books for reading or reference. Book¶store· (?), n. A store where books are kept for sale; Ð called in England a bookseller's shop. Book¶work· (?), n. 1. Work done upon a book or books (as in a printing office), in distinction from newspaper or job work. 2. Study; application to books. Book¶worm· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) Any larva of a beetle or moth, which is injurious to books. Many species are known. 2. A student closely attached to books or addicted to study; a reader without appreciation. I wanted but a black gown and a salary to be as mere a bookworm as any there. Pope. Book¶y (?),a. Bookish. Boo¶ly (?), n.; pl. Boolies (?). [Ir. buachail cowherd; bo cow + giolla boy.] A company of Irish herdsmen, or a single herdsman, wandering from place to place with flocks and herds, and living on their milk, like the Tartars; also, a place in the mountain pastures inclosed for the shelter of cattle or their keepers. [Obs.] [Written also boley, bolye, bouillie.] Spenser. Boom (?), n. [D. boom tree, pole, beam, bar. See Beam.] 1. (Naut.) A long pole or spar, run out for the purpose of extending the bottom of a particular sail; as, the job boom, the studdingÏsail boom, etc. 2. (Mech.) A long spar or beam, projecting from the mast of a derrick, from the outer end of which the body to be lifted in suspended. 3. A pole with a conspicuous top, set up to mark the channel in a river or harbor. [Obs.] 4. (Mil. & Naval) A strong chain cable, or line of spars bound together, extended across a river or the mouth of a harbor, to obstruct navigation or passage. 5. (Lumbering) A line of connected floating timbers stretched across a river, or inclosing an area of water, to keep saw logs, etc., from floating away. Boom iron, one of the iron rings on the yards through which the studdingÐsail booms traverse. Ð The booms, that space on the upper deck of a ship between the foremast and mainmast, where the boats, spare spars, etc., are stowed. Totten. Boom (?), v. t. (Naut.) To extend, or push, with a boom or pole; as, to boom out a sail; to boom off a boat. Boom (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Boomed (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Booming.] [Of imitative origin; cf. OE. bommen to hum, D. bommen to drum, sound as an empty barrel, also W. bwmp a hollow sound; aderyn y bwmp, the bird of the hollow sound, i. e., the bittern. Cf. Bum, Bump, v. i., Bomb, v. i.] 1. To cry with a hollow note; to make a hollow sound, as the bittern, and some insects. At eve the beetle boometh Athwart the thicket lone. Tennyson. 2. To make a hollow sound, as of waves or cannon. Alarm guns booming through the night air. W. Irving. 3. To rush with violence and noise, as a ship under a press of sail, before a free wind. She comes booming down before it. Totten. 4. To have a rapid growth in market value or in popular favor; to go on rushingly. Boom, n. 1. A hollow roar, as of waves or cannon; also, the hollow cry of the bittern; a booming. 2. A strong and extensive advance, with more or less noisy excitement; Ð applied colloquially or humorously to market prices, the demand for stocks or commodities and to political chances of aspirants to office; as a boom in the stock market; a boom in coffee. [Colloq. U. S.] Boom, v. t. To cause to advance rapidly in price; as, to boom railroad or mining shares; to create a ½boom¸ for; as to boom Mr. C. for senator. [Colloq. U. S.] Ø Boom¶das (?), n. [D. boom tree + das badger.] (Zo”l.) A small African hyracoid mammal (Dendrohyrax arboreus) resembling the daman. Boom¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, booms. 2. (Zo”l.) A North American rodent, so named because ? is said to make a booming noise. See Sewellel. 3. (Zo”l.) A large male kangaroo. 4. One who works up a ½boom¸. [Slang, U. S.] Boom¶erÏang (?), n. A very singular missile weapon used by the natives of Australia and in some parts of India. It is usually a curved stick of hard wood, from twenty to thirty inches in length, from two to three inches wide, and half or three quarters of an inch thick. When thrown from the hand with a quick rotary motion, it describes very remarkable curves, according to the shape of the instrument and the manner of throwing it, often moving nearly horizontally a long distance, then curving upward to a considerable height, and finally taking a retrograde direction, so as to fall near the place from which it was thrown, or even far in the rear of it. Boom¶ing, a. 1. Rushing with violence; swelling with a hollow sound; making a hollow sound or note; roaring; resounding. O'er the seaÐbeat ships the booming waters roar. Falcone. 2. Advancing or increasing amid noisy excitement; as, booming prices; booming popularity. [Colloq. U. S.] Boom¶ing, n. The act of producing a hollow or roaring sound; a violent rushing with heavy roar; as, the booming of the sea; a deep, h?llow sound; as, the booming of bitterns. Howitt. Boom¶kin (?), n. (Naut.) Same as Bumkin. Ø Boo¶moÏrah (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A small West African chevrotain (Hy‘moschus aquaticus), resembling the musk deer. Ø Boom¶slangÏe (?), n. [D. boom tree + slang snake.] (Zo”l.) A large South African tree snake (Bucephalus Capensis). Although considered venomous by natives, it has no poison fangs. Boon (?), n. [OE. bone, boin, a petition, fr. Icel. b?n; akin to Sw. & Dan. b?n, AS. b?n, and perh. to E. ban; but influenced by F. bon good, fr. L. bonus. ?86. See 2d Ban, Bounty.] 1. A prayer or petition. [Obs.] For which to God he made so many an idle boon. Spenser. 2. That which is asked or granted as a benefit or favor; a gift; a benefaction; a grant; a present. Every good gift and every perfect boon is from above. James i. 17 (Rev. Ver.). Boon, a. [F. bon. See Boon, n.] 1. Good; prosperous; as, boon voyage. [Obs.] 2. Kind; bountiful; benign. Which ... Nature boon Poured forth profuse on hill, and dale, and plain. Milton. 3. Gay; merry; jovial; convivial. A boon companion, loving his bottle. Arbuthnot. Boon, n. [Scot. boon, bune, been, Gael. & Ir. bunach coarse tow, fr. bun root, stubble.] The woody portion flax, which is separated from the fiber as refuse matter by retting, braking, and scutching. Boor (?), n. [D. boer farmer, boor; akin to AS. geb?r countryman, G. bauer; fr. the root of AS. b?an to inhabit, and akin to E. bower, be. Cf. Neighbor, Boer, and Big to build.] 1. A husbandman; a peasant; a rustic; esp. a clownish or unrefined countryman. 2. A Dutch, German, or Russian peasant; esp. a Dutch colonist in South Africa, Guiana, etc.: a boer. 3. A rude illÏbred person; one who is clownish in manners. Boor¶ish, a. Like a boor; clownish; uncultured; unmannerly. Ð Boor¶ishÏly, adv. Ð Boor¶ishÏness, n. Which is in truth a gross and boorish opinion. Milton. Boort (?), n. See Bort. Boose (?), n. [AS. bÓs, bÓsig; akin to Icel. b¾ss, Sw. b†s, Dan. baas, stall, G. banse, Goth. bansts barn, Skr. bh¾sas stall. û252.] A stall or a crib for an ox, cow, or other animal. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Boose (?), v. i. To drink excessively. See Booze. Boos¶er (?), n. A toper; a guzzler. See Boozer. Boost (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Boosted; p. pr. & vb. n. Boosting.] [Cf. Boast, v. i.] To lift or push

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from behind (one who is endeavoring to climb); to push up; hence, to assist in overcoming obstacles, or in making advancement. [Colloq. U. S.] Boost (?), n. A push from behind, as to one who is endeavoring to climb; help. [Colloq. U. S.] Boot (?), n. [OE. bot, bote, adbantage, amends, cure, AS. b?t; akin to Icel. b?t, Sw. bot, Dan. bod, Goth. b?ta, D. boete, G. busse; prop., a making good or better, from the root of E. better, adj. ?255.] 1. Remedy; relief; amends; reparation; hence, one who brings relief. He gaf the sike man his boote. Chaucer. Thou art boot for many a bruise And healest many a wound. Sir W. Scott. Next her Son, our soul's best boot. Wordsworth. 2. That which is given to make an exchange equal, or to make up for the deficiency of value in one of the things exchanged. I'll give you boot, I'll give you three for one. Shak. 3. Profit; gain; advantage; use. [Obs.] Then talk no more of flight, it is no boot. Shak. To boot, in addition; over and above; besides; as a compensation for the difference of value between things bartered. Helen, to change, would give an eye to boot. Shak. A man's heaviness is refreshed long before he comes to drunkenness, for when he arrives thither he hath but changed his heaviness, and taken a crime to boot. Jer. Taylor. Boot, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Booted; p. pr. & vb. n. Booting.] 1. To profit; to advantage; to avail; Ð generally followed by it; as, what boots it? What booteth it to others that we wish them well, and do nothing for them? Hooker. What subdued To change like this a mind so far imbued With scorn of man, it little boots to know. Byron. What boots to us your victories? Southey. 2. To enrich; to benefit; to give in addition. [Obs.] And I will boot thee with what gift beside Thy modesty can beg. Shak. Boot, n. [OE. bote, OF. bote, F. botte, LL. botta; of uncertain origin.] 1. A covering for the foot and lower part of the leg, ordinarily made of leather. 2. An instrument of torture for the leg, formerly used to extort confessions, particularly in Scotland. So he was put to the torture, which in Scotland they call the boots; for they put a pair of iron boots close on the leg, and drive wedges between them and the leg. Bp. Burnet. 3. A place at the side of a coach, where attendants rode; also, a low outside place before and behind the body of the coach. [Obs.] 4. A place for baggage at either end of an oldÐfashioned stagecoach. 5. An apron or cover (of leather or rubber cloth) for the driving seat of a vehicle, to protect from rain and mud. 6. (Plumbing) The metal casing and flange fitted about a pipe where it passes through a roof. Boot catcher, the person at an inn whose business it was to pull off boots and clean them. [Obs.] Swift. Ð Boot closer, one who, or that which, sews the uppers of boots. Ð Boot crimp, a frame or device used by bootmakers for drawing and shaping the body of a boot. Ð Boot hook, a hook with a handle, used for pulling on boots. Ð Boots and ?addles (Cavalry Tactics), the trumpet call which is the first signal for mounted drill. Ð Sly boots. See Slyboots, in the Vocabulary. Boot, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Booted; p. pr. & vb. n. Booting.] 1. To put boots on, esp. for riding. Coated and booted for it. B. Jonson. 2. To punish by kicking with a booted foot. [U. S.] Boot, v. i. To boot one's self; to put on one's boots. Boot, n. Booty; spoil. [Obs. or R.] Shak. Boot¶black· (?), n. One who blacks boots. Boot¶ed (?), a. 1. Wearing boots, especially boots with long tops, as for riding; as, a booted squire. 2. (Zo”l.) Having an undivided, horny, bootlike covering; Ð said of the tarsus of some birds. BootÏee¶ (?), n. A half boot or short boot. Ø BoÏ”¶tes (?), n. [L. Bootes, Gr. ? herdsman, fr. ?, gen. ?, ox, cow.] (Astron.) A northern constellation, containing the bright star Arcturus. Booth (?), n. [OE. bothe; cf. Icel. b?, Dan. & Sw. bod, MHG. buode, G. bude, baude; from the same root as AS. b?an to dwell, E. boor, bower, be; cf. Bohem. bauda, Pol. buda, Russ. budka, Lith. buda, W. bwth, pl. bythod, Gael. buth, Ir. both.] 1. A house or shed built of boards, boughs, or other slight materials, for temporary occupation. Camden. 2. A covered stall or temporary structure in a fair or market, or at a polling place. Boot¶hale· (?), v. t. & i. [Boot, for booty + hale.] To forage for booty; to plunder. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Boot¶hose· (?), n. 1. Stocking hose, or spatterdashes, in lieu of boots. Shak. 2. Hose made to be worn with boots, as by travelers on horseback. Sir W. Scott. Booth¶y (?), n. See Bothy. Boot¶iÏkin (?), n. [Boot + Ïkin.] 1. A little boot, legging, or gaiter. 2. A covering for the foot or hand, worn as a cure for the gout. H. Walpole. Boot¶ing, n. Advantage; gain; gain by plunder; booty. [Obs.] Sir. J. Harrington. Boot¶ing, n. 1. A kind of torture. See Boot, n., 2. 2. A kicking, as with a booted foot. [U. S.] Boot¶jack· (?), n. A device for pulling off boots. Boot¶less (?), a. [From Boot profit.] Unavailing; unprofitable; useless; without advantage or success. Chaucer. I'll follow him no more with bootless prayers. Shak. ÐBoot¶lessÏly, adv. Ð Boot¶lessÏness, n. Boot¶lick· (?), n. A toady. [Low, U. S.] Bartlett. Boot¶mak·er (?), n. One who makes boots. Ð Boot¶mak·ing, n. Boots (?), n. A servant at a hotel or elsewhere, who cleans and blacks the boots and shoes. Boot¶top·ping (?), n. 1. (Naut.) The act or process of daubing a vessel's bottom near the surface of the water with a mixture of tallow, sulphur, and resin, as a temporary protection against worms, after the slime, she?ls, etc., have been scraped off. 2. (Naut.) Sheathing a vessel with planking over felt. Boot¶tree· (?), n. [Boot + tree wood, timber.] An instrument to stretch and widen the log of a boot, consisting of two pieces, together shaped like a leg, between which, when put into the boot, a wedge is driven. The pretty boots trimly stretched on boottrees. Thackeray. Boo¶ty (?), n. [Cf. Icel. b?ti exchange, barter, Sw. byte barter, booty, Dan. bytte; akin to D. buit booty, G. beute, and fr. Icel. byta, Sw. byta, Dan. bytte, to distribute, exchange. The Scandinavian word was influenced in English by boot profit.] That which is seized by violence or obtained by robbery, especially collective spoil taken in war; plunder; pillage. Milton. To play booty, to play dishonestly, with an intent to lose; to allow one's adversary to win at cards at first, in order to induce him to continue playing and victimize him afterwards. [Obs.] L'Estrange. Booze (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Boozed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boozing.] [D. buizen; akin to G. bausen, and perh. fr. D. buis tube, channel, bus box, jar.] To drink greedily or immoderately, esp. alcoholic liquor; to tipple. [Written also bouse, and boose.] Landor. This is better than boozing in public houses. H. R. Haweis. Booze, n. A carouse; a drinking. Sir W. Scott. Booz¶er (?), n. One who boozes; a toper; a guzzler of alcoholic liquors; a bouser. Booz¶y (?), a. A little intoxicated; fuddled; stupid with liquor; bousy. [Colloq.] C. Kingsley. BoÏpeep¶ (?), n. [Bo + peep.] The act of looking out suddenly, as from behind a screen, so as to startle some one (as by children in play), or of looking out and drawing suddenly back, as if frightened. I for sorrow sung, That such a king should play bopeep, And go the fools among. Shak. Bor¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being bored. [R.] BoÏrach¶te (?), n. [Sp. borracha a leather bottle for wine, borracho drunk, fr. borra a lamb.] A large leather bottle for liquors, etc., made of the skin of a goat or other animal. Hence: A drunkard. [Obs.] You're an absolute borachio. Congreve. BoÏrac¶ic (?), a. [Cf. F. boracique. See Borax.] Pertaining to, or produced from, borax; containing boron; boric; as, boracic acid. Bo¶raÏcite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral of a white or gray color occurring massive and in isometric crystals; in composition it is a magnesium borate with magnesium chloride. Bo¶raÏcous (?), a. (Chem.) Relating to, or obtained from, borax; containing borax. Bor¶age (?), n. [OE. borage (cf. F. bourrache, It. borraggine, borrace, LL. borago, borrago, LGr. ?), fr. LL. borra, F. bourre, hair of beasts, flock; so called from its hairy leaves.] (Bot.) A mucilaginous plant of the genus Borago (B. officinalis), which is used, esp. in France, as a demulcent and diaphoretic. Bor¶ageÏwort· (?), n. Plant of the Borage family. BoÏrag·iÏna¶ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of plants (Boraginace‘) which includes the borage, heliotrope, beggar's lice, and many pestiferous plants. Bor·aÏgin¶eÏous (?), a. (Bot.) Relating to the Borage tribe; boraginaceous. Bor¶aÏmez (?), n. See Barometz. Bo¶rate (?), n. [From Boric.] (Chem.) A salt formed by the combination of boric acid with a base or positive radical. Bo¶rax (?), n. [OE. boras, fr. F. borax, earlier spelt borras; cf. LL. borax, Sp. borraj; all fr. Ar. b?rag, fr. Pers. b?rah.] A white or gray crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste, used as a flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors on porcelain, and as a soap. It occurs native in certain mineral springs, and is made from the boric acid of hot springs in Tuscany. It was originally obtained from a lake in Thibet, and was sent to Europe under the name of tincal. Borax is a pyroborate or tetraborate of sodium, Na2B4O7.10H2O. Borax bead. (Chem.) See Bead, n., 3. Bor¶boÏrygm (?), n. [F. borborygme, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to rumble in the bowels.] (Med.) A rumbling or gurgling noise produced by wind in the bowels. Dunglison. Bord (?), n. [See Board, n.] 1. A board; a table. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. (Mining) The face of coal parallel to the natural fissures. Bord (?), n. See Bourd. [Obs.] Spenser. Bord¶age (?), n. [LL. bordagium.] The base or servile tenure by which a bordar held his cottage. Bord¶ar (?), n. [LL. bordarius, fr. borda a cottage; of uncertain origin.] A villein who rendered menial service for his cottage; a cottier. The cottar, the bordar, and the laborer were bound to aid in the work of the home farm. J. R. Green. BorÏdeaux¶ (?), a. Pertaining to Bordeaux in the south of France. Ð n. A claret wine from Bordeaux. Bor¶del (?), BorÏdel¶lo (?), } n. [F. bordel, orig. a little hut, OF. borde hut, cabin, of German origin, and akin to E. board, n. See. Board, n.] A brothel; a bawdyhouse; a house devoted to prostitution. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Ø Bor·deÏlais¶ (?), a. [F.] Of or pertaining to Bordeaux, in France, or to the district around Bordeaux. Bor¶delÏler (?), n. A keeper or a frequenter of a brothel. [Obs.] Gower. Bor¶der (?), n. [OE. bordure, F. bordure, fr. border to border, fr. bord a border; of German origin; cf. MHG. borte border, trimming, G. borte trimming, ribbon; akin to E. board in sense 8. See Board, n., and cf. Bordure.] 1. The outer part or edge of anything, as of a garment, a garden, etc.; margin; verge; brink. Upon the borders of these solitudes. Bentham. In the borders of death. Barrow. 2. A boundary; a frontier of a state or of the settled part of a country; a frontier district. 3. A strip or stripe arranged along or near the edge of something, as an ornament or finish. 4. A narrow flower bed. Border land, land on the frontiers of two adjoining countries; debatable land; Ð often used figuratively; as, the border land of science. Ð The Border, The Borders, specifically, the frontier districts of Scotland and England which lie adjacent. Ð Over the border, across the boundary line or frontier. Syn. Ð Edge; verge; brink; margin; brim; rim; boundary; confine. Bor¶der, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Bordered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bordering.] 1. To touch at the edge or boundary; to be contiguous or adjacent; Ð with on or upon as, Connecticut borders on Massachusetts. 2. To approach; to come near to; to verge. Wit which borders upon profaneness deserves to be branded as folly. Abp. Tillotson. Bor¶der, v. t. 1. To make a border for; to furnish with a border, as for ornament; as, to border a garment or a garden. 2. To be, or to have, contiguous to; to touch, or be touched, as by a border; to be, or to have, near the limits or boundary; as, the region borders a forest, or is bordered on the north by a forest. The country is bordered by a broad tract called the ½hot region.¸ Prescott. Shebah and Raamah ... border the sea called the Persian gulf. Sir W. Raleigh. 3. To confine within bounds; to limit. [Obs.] That nature, which contemns its origin, Can not be bordered certain in itself. Shak. Bor¶derÏer (?), n. One who dwells on a border, or at the extreme part or confines of a country, region, or tract of land; one who dwells near to a place or region. Borderers of the Caspian. Dyer. Bord¶land· (?), n. [Bordar (or perh. bord a board) + land.] (O. Eng. Law) Either land held by a bordar, or the land which a lord kept for the maintenance of his board, or table. Spelman. Bord¶lode· (?), n. [Bordar (or perh. bord a board) + lode leading.] (O. Eng. Law) The service formerly required of a tenant, to carry timber from the woods to the lord's house. Bailey. Mozley & W. Bord¶man (?), n. [Bordar (or perh. bord a board) + man.] A bordar; a tenant in bordage. Bord¶rag (?), Bord¶ra·ging (?), } n. [Perh. from OE. bord, for border + raging. Cf. Bodrage.] An incursion upon the borders of a country; a raid. [Obs.] Spenser. Bord¶ serv·ice (?). [Bordar (or perh. bord a board) + service.] (O. Eng. Law) Service due from a bordar; bordage. Bor¶dure (?), n. [F. bordure. See Border, n.] (Her.) A border one fifth the width of the shield, surrounding the field. It is usually plain, but may be charged. Bore (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boring.] [OE. borien, AS. borian; akin to Icel. bora, Dan. bore, D. boren, OHG. por?n, G. bohren, L. forare, Gr. ? to plow, Zend bar. ?91.] 1. To perforate or penetrate, as a solid body, by turning an auger, gimlet, drill, or other instrument; to make a round hole in or through; to pierce; as, to bore a plank. I'll believe as soon this whole earth may be bored. Shak. 2. To form or enlarge by means of a boring instrument or apparatus; as, to bore a steam cylinder or a gun barrel; to bore a hole. Short but very powerful jaws, by means whereof the insect can bore, as with a centerbit, a cylindrical passage through the most solid wood. T. W. Harris. 3. To make (a passage) by laborious effort, as in boring; as, to bore one's way through a crowd; to force a narrow and difficult passage through. ½What bustling crowds I bored.¸ Gay. 4. To weary by tedious iteration or by dullness; to tire; to trouble; to vex; to annoy; to pester. He bores me with some trick. Shak. Used to come and bore me at rare intervals. Carlyle. 5. To befool; to trick. [Obs.] I am abused, betrayed; I am laughed at, scorned, Baffled and bored, it seems. Beau. & Fl. Bore, v. i. 1. To make a hole or perforation with, or as with, a boring instrument; to cut a circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool; as, to bore for water or oil (i. e., to sink a well by boring for water or oil); to bore with a gimlet; to bore into a tree (as insects). 2. To be pierced or penetrated by an instrument that cuts as it turns; as, this timber does not bore well, or is hard to bore. 3. To push forward in a certain direction with laborious effort. They take their flight ... boring to the west. Dryden.

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4. (Ma??) To shoot out the nose or toss it in the air; ? said of a horse. Crabb. Bore (?), n. 1. A hole made by boring; a perforation. 2. The internal cylindrical cavity of a gun, cannon, pistol, or other firearm, or of a pipe or tube. The bores of wind instruments. Bacon. Love's counselor should fill the bores of hearing. Shak. 3. The size of a hole; the interior diameter of a tube or gun barrel; the caliber. 4. A tool for making a hole by boring, as an auger. 5. Caliber; importance. [Obs.] Yet are they much too light for the bore of the matter. Shak. 6. A person or thing that wearies by prolixity or dullness; a tiresome person or affair; any person or thing which causes ennui. It is as great a bore as to hear a poet read his own verses. Hawthorne. Bore, n. [Icel. b¾ra wave: cf. G. empor upwards, OHG. bor height, burren to lift, perh. allied to AS. beran, E. 1st bear. ?92.] (Physical Geog.) (a) A tidal flood which regularly or occasionally rushes into certain rivers of peculiar configuration or location, in one or more waves which present a very abrupt front of considerable height, dangerous to shipping, as at the mouth of the Amazon, in South America, the Hoogly and Indus, in India, and the TsienÐtang, in China. (b) Less properly, a very high and rapid tidal flow, when not so abrupt, such as occurs at the Bay of Fundy and in the British Channel. Bore, imp. of 1st & 2d Bear. Bo¶reÏal (?), a. [L. borealis: cf. F. bor‚al. See Boreas.] Northern; pertaining to the north, or to the north wind; as, a boreal bird; a boreal blast. So from their own clear north in radiant streams, Bright over Europe bursts the boreal morn. Thomson. Ø Bo¶reÏas (?), n. [L. boreas, Gr. ?.] The north wind; Ð usually a personification. Bore¶cole· (?), n. [Cf. D. boerenkool (lit.) husbandman's cabbage.] A brassicaceous plant of many varieties, cultivated for its leaves, which are not formed into a compact head like the cabbage, but are loose, and are generally curled or wrinkled; kale. Bore¶dom (?), n. 1. The state of being bored, or pestered; a state of ennui. Dickens. 2. The realm of bores; bores, collectively. BoÏree¶ (?), n. Same as Bourr‚. [Obs.] Swift. Bor¶el (?), n. See Borrel. Bor¶eÏle (?), n. (Zo”l.) The smaller twoÐhorned rhinoceros of South Africa (Atelodus bicornis). Bor¶er (?), n. 1. One that bores; an instrument for boring. 2. (Zo”l.) (a) A marine, bivalve mollusk, of the genus Teredo and allies, which burrows in wood. See Teredo. (b) Any bivalve mollusk (Saxicava, Lithodomus, etc.) which bores into limestone and similar substances. (c) One of the larv‘ of many species of insects, which penetrate trees, as the apple, peach, pine, etc. See Apple borer, under Apple. (d) The hagfish (Myxine). Bo¶ric (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, boron. Boric acid, a white crystalline substance B(OH)3, easily obtained from its salts, and occurring in solution in the hot lagoons of Tuscany. Bo¶ride (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of boron with a more positive or basic element or radical; Ð formerly called boruret. Bor¶ing (?), n. 1. The act or process of one who, or that which, bores; as, the boring of cannon; the boring of piles and ship timbers by certain marine mollusks. One of the most important applications of boring is in the formation of artesian wells. Tomlinson. 2. A hole made by boring. 3. pl. The chips or fragments made by boring. Boring bar, a revolving or stationary bar, carrying one or more cutting tools for dressing round holes. Ð Boring tool (Metal Working), a cutting tool placed in a cutter head to dress round holes. Knight. Born (?), p. p. & a. [See Bear, v. t.] 1. Brought forth, as an animal; brought into life; introduced by birth. No one could be born into slavery in Mexico. Prescott. 2. Having from birth a certain character; by or from birth; by nature; innate; as, a born liar. ½A born matchmaker.¸ W. D. Howells. Born again (Theol.), regenerated; renewed; having received spiritual life. ½Except a man be born again, he can not see the kingdom of God.¸ John iii. 3. Ð Born days, days since one was born; lifetime. [Colloq.] Borne (?), p. p. of Bear. Carried; conveyed;; supported; defrayed. See Bear, v. t. Bor¶neÏol (?), n. [Borneo + Ïol.] (Chem.) A rare variety of camphor, C10H17.OH, resembling ordinary camphor, from which it can be produced by reduction. It is said to occur in the camphor tree of Borneo and Sumatra (Dryobalanops camphora), but the natural borneol is rarely found in European or American commerce, being in great request by the Chinese. Called also Borneo camphor, Malay camphor, and camphol. Bor¶nite (?), n. [Named after Von Born, a mineralogist.] (Min.) A valuable ore of copper, containing copper, iron, and sulphur; Ð also called purple copper ore (or erubescite), in allusion to the colors shown upon the slightly tarnished surface. Bo·roÏflu¶orÏide (?), n. [Boron + fluoride.] (Chem.) A double fluoride of boron and hydrogen, or some other positive element, or radical; Ð called also fluoboride, and formerly fluoborate. Bo¶roÏglyc¶erÏide (?), n. [Boron + glyceride.] (Chem.) A compound of boric acid and glycerin, used as an antiseptic. Bo¶ron (?), n. [See Borax.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring abundantly in borax. It is reduced with difficulty to the free state, when it can be obtained in several different forms; viz., as a substance of a deep olive color, in a semimetallic form, and in colorless quadratic crystals similar to the diamond in hardness and other properties. It occurs in nature also in boracite, datolite, tourmaline, and some other minerals. Atomic weight 10.9. Symbol B. Bo¶roÏsil¶iÏcate (?), n. [Boron + silicate.] (Chem.) A double salt of boric and silicic acids, as in the natural minerals tourmaline, datolite, etc. Bor¶ough (?), n. [OE. burgh, burw, boru, port, town, burrow, AS. burh, burg; akin to Icel., Sw., & Dan. borg, OS. & D. burg, OHG. puruc, purc, MHG. burc, G. burg, Goth. ba£rgs; and from the root of AS. beorgan to hide, save, defend, G. bergen; or perh. from that of AS. beorg hill, mountain. ?95. See Bury, v. t., and cf. Burrow, Burg, Bury, n., Burgess, Iceberg, Borrow, Harbor, Hauberk.] 1. In England, an incorporated town that is not a city; also, a town that sends members to parliament; in Scotland, a body corporate, consisting of the inhabitants of a certain district, erected by the sovereign, with a certain jurisdiction; in America, an incorporated town or village, as in Pennsylvania and Connecticut. Burrill. Erskine. 2. The collective body of citizens or inhabitants of a borough; as, the borough voted to lay a tax. Close borough, or Pocket borough, a borough having the right of sending a member to Parliament, whose nomination is in the hands of a single person. Ð Rotten borough, a name given to any borough which, at the time of the passage of the Reform Bill of 1832, contained but few voters, yet retained the privilege of sending a member to Parliament. Bor¶ough, n. [See Borrow.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) An association of men who gave pledges or sureties to the king for the good behavior of each other. (b) The pledge or surety thus given. Blackstone. Tomlins. Bor¶oughÐEng¶lish (?), n. (Eng. Law) A custom, as in some ancient boroughs, by which lands and tenements descend to the youngest son, instead of the eldest; or, if the owner have no issue, to the youngest brother. Blackstone. Bor¶oughÏhead· (?), n. See Headborough. [Obs.] Bor¶oughÏhold¶er (?), n. A headborough; a borsholder. Bor¶oughÏmas¶ter (?), n. [Cf. Burgomaster.] The mayor, governor, or bailiff of a borough. Bor¶oughÏmon¶ger (?), n. One who buys or sells the parliamentary seats of boroughs. Bor¶oughÏmon¶gerÏing, Bor¶oughÏmon¶gerÏy (?), n. The practices of a boroughmonger. BorÏrach¶o (?), n. See Borachio. [Obs.] Bor¶rage (?), n., BorÏrag·iÏna¶ceous (?), a., etc. See Borage, n., etc. Bor¶rel (?), n. [OF. burel a kind of coarse woolen cloth, fr. F. bure drugget. See Bureau. Rustic and common people dressed in this cloth, which was prob. so called from its color.] 1. Coarse woolen cloth; hence, coarse clothing; a garment. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. A kind of light stuff, of silk and wool. Bor¶rel, a. [Prob. from Borrel, n.] Ignorant, unlearned; belonging to the laity. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bor¶row (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Borrowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Borrowing.] [OE. borwen, AS. borgian, fr. borg, borh, pledge; akin to D. borg, G. borg; prob. fr. root of AS. beorgan to protect. ?95. See 1st Borough.] 1. To receive from another as a loan, with the implied or expressed intention of returning the identical article or its equivalent in kind; Ð the opposite of lend. 2. (Arith.) To take (one or more) from the next higher denomination in order to add it to the next lower; Ð a term of subtraction when the figure of the subtrahend is larger than the corresponding one of the minuend. 3. To copy or imitate; to adopt; as, to borrow the style, manner, or opinions of another. Rites borrowed from the ancients. Macaulay. It is not hard for any man, who hath a Bible in his hands, to borrow good words and holy sayings in abundance; but to make them his own is a work of grace only from above. Milton. 4. To feign or counterfeit. ½Borrowed hair.¸ Spenser. The borrowed majesty of England. Shak. 5. To receive; to take; to derive. Any drop thou borrowedst from thy mother. Shak. To borrow trouble, to be needlessly troubled; to be overapprehensive. Bor¶row, n. 1. Something deposited as security; a pledge; a surety; a hostage. [Obs.] Ye may retain as borrows my two priests. Sir W. Scott. 2. The act of borrowing. [Obs.] Of your royal presence I'll adventure The borrow of a week. Shak. Bor¶rowÏer (?), n. One who borrows. Neither a borrower nor a lender be. Shak. Bors¶hold·er (?), n. [OE. borsolder; prob. fr. AS. borg, gen. borges, pledge + ealdor elder. See Borrow, and Elder, a.] (Eng. Law) The head or chief of a tithing, or borough (see 2d Borough); the headborough; a parish constable. Spelman. Bort (?), n. Imperfectly crystallized or coarse diamonds, or fragments made in cutting good diamonds which are reduced to powder and used in lapidary work. Bo¶ruÏret (?), n. (Chem.) A boride. [Obs.] Bor¶we (?), n. Pledge; borrow. [Obs.] Chaucer. Ø Bos (?), n. [L., ox, cow.] (Zo”l.) A genus of ruminant quadrupeds, including the wild and domestic cattle, distinguished by a stout body, hollow horns, and a large fold of skin hanging from the neck. Ø Bo¶sa (?), n. [Ar. b?za, Pers. b?zah: cf. F. bosan.] A drink, used in the East. See Boza. Bos¶cage (?), n. [OF. boscage grove, F. bocage, fr. LL. boscus, buscus, thicket, wood. See 1st Bush.] 1. A growth of trees or shrubs; underwood; a thicket; thick foliage; a wooded landscape. 2. (O. Eng. Law) Food or sustenance for cattle, obtained from bushes and trees; also, a tax on wood. Bosh (?), n. [Cf. G. posse joke, trifle; It. bozzo a rough stone, bozzetto a rough sketch, sÏbozzo a rough draught, sketch.] Figure; outline; show. [Obs.] Bosh, n. [Turk.] Empty talk; contemptible nonsense; trash; humbug. [Colloq.] Bosh, n.; pl. Boshes (?). [Cf. G. b”schung a slope.] 1. One of the sloping sides of the lower part of a blast furnace; also, one of the hollow iron or brick sides of the bed of a puddling or boiling furnace. 2. pl. The lower part of a blast furnace, which slopes inward, or the widest space at the top of this part. 3. In forging and smelting, a trough in which tools and ingots are cooled. Ø Bosh¶bok (?), n. [D. bosch wood + bok buck.] (Zo”l.) A kind of antelope. See Bush buck. Ø Bosh¶vark (?), n. [D. bosch wood + varken pig.] (Zo”l.) The bush hog. See under Bush, a thicket. Ø Bos¶jesÏman (?), n.; pl. Bosjesmans. [D. boschjesman.] See Bushman. Bosk (?), n. [See Bosket.] A thicket; a small wood. ½Through bosk and dell.¸ Sir W. Scott. Bos¶kage (?), n. Same as Boscage. Thridding the somber boskage of the wood. Tennyson. Bos¶ket, Bos¶quet (?), n. [F. bosquet a little wood, dim. fr. LL. boscus. See Boscage, and cf. Bouquet.] (Gardening) A grove; a thicket; shrubbery; an inclosure formed by branches of trees, regularly or irregularly disposed. Bosk¶iÏness (?), n. Boscage; also, the state or quality of being bosky. Bosk¶y (?), a. [Cf. Bushy.] 1. Woody or bushy; covered with boscage or thickets. Milton. 2. Caused by boscage. Darkened over by long bosky shadows. H. James. Bos¶om (?), n. [AS. b?sm; akin to D. bozem, Fries. b?sm, OHG. puosum, G. busen, and prob. E. bough.] 1. The breast of a human being; the part, between the arms, to which anything is pressed when embraced by them. You must prepare your bosom for his knife. Shak. 2. The breast, considered as the seat of the passions, affections, and operations of the mind; consciousness; se??et thoughts. Tut, I am in their bosoms, and I know Wherefore they do it. Shak. If I covered my transgressions as Adam, by hiding my iniquity in my bosom. Job xxxi. 33. 3. Embrace; loving or affectionate inclosure; fold. Within the bosom of that church. Hooker. 4. Any thing or place resembling the breast; a supporting surface; an inner recess; the interior; as, the bosom of the earth. ½The bosom of the ocean.¸ Addison. 5. The part of the dress worn upon the breast; an article, or a portion of an article, of dress to be worn upon the breast; as, the bosom of a shirt; a linen bosom. He put his hand into his bosom: and when he took it out, behold, his hand was leprous as snow. Ex.iv. 6. 6. Inclination; desire. [Obs.] Shak. 7. A depression round the eye of a millstone. Knight. Bos¶om, a. 1. Of or pertaining to the bosom. 2. Intimate; confidential; familiar; trusted; cherished; beloved; as, a bosom friend. Bos¶om, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bosomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bosoming.] 1. To inclose or carry in the bosom; to keep with care; to take to heart; to cherish. Bosom up my counsel, You'll find it wholesome. Shak. 2. To conceal; to hide from view; to embosom. To happy convents bosomed deep in vines. Pope. Bos¶omed (?), a. Having, or resembling, bosom; kept in the bosom; hidden. Bos¶omÏy (?), a. Characterized by recesses or sheltered hollows. Bo¶son (?), n. See Boatswain. [Obs.] Dryden. BosÏpo¶riÏan (?), a. [L. Bosporus, G. ?, lit., oxÏford, the ox's or heifer's ford, on account of Io's passage here as a heifer; fr. ? ox, heifer + ? ford.] Of or pertaining to the Thracian or the Cimmerian Bosporus. The Alans forced the Bosporian kings to pay them tribute and exterminated the Taurians. Tooke. Bos¶poÏrus (?), n. [L.] A strait or narrow sea between two seas, or a lake and a seas; as, the Bosporus (formerly the Thracian Bosporus) or Strait of Constantinople, between the Black Sea and Sea of Marmora; the Cimmerian Bosporus, between the Black Sea and Sea of Azof. [Written also Bosphorus.] Bos¶quet (?), n. See Bosket. Boss (?), n.; pl. Bosses (?). [OE. boce, bose, boche, OF. boce, boche, bosse, F. bosse, of G. origin; cf. OHG. bÓzo tuft, bunch, OHG. bÓzan, MHG. b“zen, to beat. See Beat, and cf. Botch a swelling.] 1. Any protuberant part; a round, swelling part or body; a knoblike process; as, a boss of wood. 2. A protuberant ornament on any work, either of different material from that of the work or of the same, as

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upon a buckler or bridle; a stud; a knob; the central projection of a shield. See Umbilicus. 3. (Arch.) A projecting ornament placed at the intersection of the ribs of ceilings, whether vaulted or flat, and in other situations. 4. [Cf. D. bus box, Dan. b”sse.] A wooden vessel for the mortar used in tiling or masonry, hung by a hook from the laths, or from the rounds of a ladder. Gwilt. 5. (Mech.) (a) The enlarged part of a shaft, on which a wheel is keyed, or at the end, where it is coupled to another. (b) A swage or die used for shaping metals. 6. A head or reservoir of water. [Obs.] Boss (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bossed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bossing.] [OE. bocen, fr. OF. bocier. See the preceding word.] To ornament with bosses; to stud. Boss, n. [D. baas master.] A master workman or superintendent; a director or manager; a political dictator. [Slang, U. S.] Boss¶age (?), n. [F. bossage, fr. bosse. See Boss a stud.] 1. (Arch.) A stone in a building, left rough and projecting, to be afterward carved into shape. Gwilt. 2. (Arch.) Rustic work, consisting of stones which seem to advance beyond the level of the building, by reason of indentures or channels left in the joinings. Gwilt. Bossed (?), a. Embossed; also, bossy. Bos¶set (?), n. [Cf. Boss a stud.] (Zo”l.) A rudimental antler of a young male of the red deer. Boss¶ism (?), n. The rule or practices of bosses, esp. political bosses. [Slang, U. S.] Boss¶y (?), a. Ornamented with bosses; studded. Bos¶sy, n. [Dim. fr. Prov. E. boss in bossÐcalf, bussÐcalf, for booseÐcalf, prop., a calf kept in the stall. See 1st Boose.] A cor or calf; Ð familiarly so called. [U. S.] Bos¶ton (?), n. A game at cards, played by four persons, with two packs of fiftyÐtwo cards each; Ð said to be so called from Boston, Massachusetts, and to have been invented by officers of the French army in America during the Revolutionary war. BosÏwell¶iÏan (?), a. Relating to, or characteristic of, Boswell, the biographer of Dr. Johnson. Bos¶wellÏism (?), n. The style of Boswell. Bot (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Bots. BoÏtan¶ic (?), BoÏtan¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. botanique. See Botany.] Of or pertaining to botany; relating to the study of plants; as, a botanical system, arrangement, textbook, expedition. Ð Botan¶icÏalÏly, adv. Botanic garden, a garden devoted to the culture of plants collected for the purpose of illustrating the science of botany. Ð Botanic physician, a physician whose medicines consist chiefly of herbs and roots. Bot¶aÏnist (?), n. [Cf. F. botaniste.] One skilled in botany; one versed in the knowledge of plants. Bot¶aÏnize (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Botanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Botanizing (?).] [Cf. F. botaniser.] To seek after plants for botanical investigation; to study plants. Bot¶aÏnize, v. t. To explore for botanical purposes. Bot¶aÏni·zer (?), n. One who botanizes. Bot·aÏnol¶oÏger (?), n. A botanist. [Obs.] Bot·aÏnol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Botany + Ïlogy: cf. F. botanologie.] The science of botany. [Obs.] Bailey. Bot¶aÏnoÏman·cy (?), n. [Botany + Ïmancy: cf. F. botanomantie.] An ancient species of divination by means of plants, esp. sage and fig leaves. Bot¶aÏny (?), n.; pl. Botanies (?). [F. botanique, a. & n., fr. Gr. ? botanic, fr. ? herb, plant, fr. ? to feed, graze.] 1. The science which treats of the structure of plants, the functions of their parts, their places of growth, their classification, and the terms which are employed in their description and denomination. See Plant. 2. A book which treats of the science of botany. µ Botany is divided into various departments; as, Structural Botany, which investigates the structure and organic composition of plants; Physiological Botany, the study of their functions and life; and Systematic Botany, which has to do with their classification, description, nomenclature, etc. Bot¶aÏny Bay¶ (?). A harbor on the east coast of Australia, and an English convict settlement there; Ð so called from the number of new plants found on its shore at its discovery by Cook in 1770. Hence, any place to which desperadoes resort. Botany Bay kino (Med.), an astringent, reddish substance consisting of the inspissated juice of several Australian species of Eucalyptus. Ð Botany Bay resin (Med.), a resin of reddish yellow color, resembling gamboge, the product of different Australian species of Xanthorrh‘a, esp. the grass three (X. hastilis.) BoÏtar¶go (?), n. [It. bottarga, bottarica; or Sp. botarga; a kind of large sausages, a sort of wide breeches: cf. F. boutargue.] A sort of cake or sausage, made of the salted roes of the mullet, much used on the coast of the Mediterranean as an incentive to drink. Botch (?), n.; pl. Botches (?). [Same as Boss a stud. For senses 2 & 3 cf. D. botsen to beat, akin to E. beat.] 1. A swelling on the skin; a large ulcerous affection; a boil; an eruptive disease. [Obs. or Dial.] Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton. 2. A patch put on, or a part of a garment patched or ?ended in a clumsy manner. 3. Work done in a bungling manner; a clumsy performance; a piece of work, or a place in work, marred in the doing, or not properly finished; a bungle. To leave no rubs nor botches in the work. Shak. Botch, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Botched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Botching.] [See Botch, n.] 1. To mark with, or as with, botches. Young Hylas, botched with stains. Garth. 2. To repair; to mend; esp. to patch in a clumsy or imperfect manner, as a garment; Ð sometimes with up. Sick bodies ... to be kept and botched up for a time. Robynson (More's Utopia). 3. To put together unsuitably or unskillfully; to express or perform in a bungling manner; to spoil or mar, as by unskillful work. For treason botched in rhyme will be thy bane. Dryden. Botch¶edÏly (?), adv. In a clumsy manner. Botch¶er (?), n. 1. One who mends or patches, esp. a tailor or cobbler. Shak. 2. A clumsy or careless workman; a bungler. 3. (Zo”l.) A young salmon; a grilse. Botch¶erÏly, a. Bungling; awkward. [R.] Botch¶erÏy (?), n. A botching, or that which is done by botching; clumsy or careless workmanship. Botch¶y (?), a. Marked with botches; full of botches; poorly done. ½This botchy business.¸ Bp. Watson. Bote (?), n. [Old form of boot; Ð used in composition. See 1st Boot.] (Law) (a) Compensation; amends; satisfaction; expiation; as, man bote, a compensation or a man slain. (b) Payment of any kind. Bouvier. (c) A privilege or allowance of necessaries. µ This word is still used in composition as equivalent to the French estovers, supplies, necessaries; as, housebote, a sufficiency of wood to repair a house, or for fuel, sometimes called firebote; so plowbote, cartbote, wood for making or repairing instruments of husbandry; haybote or hedgebote, wood for hedges, fences, etc. These were privileges enjoyed by tenants under the feudal system. Burrill. Bouvier. Blackstone. Bote¶less, a. Unavailing; in vain. See Bootless. Bot¶fly· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A dipterous insect of the family ( Estrid‘, of many different species, some of which are particularly troublesome to domestic animals, as the horse, ox, and sheep, on which they deposit their eggs. A common species is one of the botflies of the horse (Gastrophilus equi), the larv‘ of which (bots) are taken into the stomach of the animal, where they live several months and pass through their larval states. In tropical America one species sometimes lives under the human skin, and another in the stomach. See Gadfly. Both (?), a. or pron. [OE. bothe, ba?e, fr. Icel. b¾?ir; akin to Dan. baade, Sw. b†da, Goth. baj??s, OHG. beid?, b?d?, G. & D. beide, also AS. begen, b¾, b?, Goth. bai, and Gr. ?, L. ambo, Lith. ab…, OSlav. oba, Skr. ubha. ?310. Cf. AmbÐ.] The one and the other; the two; the pair, without exception of either. µ It is generally used adjectively with nouns; as, both horses ran away; but with pronouns, and often with nous, it is used substantively, and followed by of. It frequently stands as a pronoun. She alone is heir to both of us. Shak. Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant. Gen. xxi. 27. He will not bear the loss of his rank, because he can bear the loss of his estate; but he will bear both, because he is prepared for both. Bolingbroke. It is often used in apposition with nouns or pronouns. Thy weal and woe are both of them extremes. Shak. This said, they both betook them several ways. Milton. Both now always precedes any other attributive words; as, both their armies; both our eyes. Both of is used before pronouns in the objective case; as, both of us, them, whom, etc.; but before substantives its used is colloquial, both (without of) being the preferred form; as, both the brothers. Both, conj. As well; not only; equally. Both precedes the first of two co”rdinate words or phrases, and is followed by and before the other, both ... and ...; as well the one as the other; not only this, but also that; equally the former and the latter. It is also sometimes followed by more than two co”rdinate words, connected by and expressed or understood. To judge both quick and dead. Milton. A masterpiece both for argument and style. Goldsmith. To whom bothe heven and erthe and see is sene. Chaucer. Both mongrel, puppy, whelp, and hound. Goldsmith. He prayeth well who loveth well Both man and bird and beast. Coleridge. Both¶er (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bothered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bothering.] [Cf. Ir. buaidhirt trouble, buaidhrim I vex.] To annoy; to trouble; to worry; to perplex. See Pother. µ The imperative is sometimes used as an exclamation mildly imprecatory. Both¶er, v. i. To feel care or anxiety; to make or take trouble; to be troublesome. Without bothering about it. H. James. Both¶er, n. One who, or that which, bothers; state of perplexity or annoyance; embarrassment; worry; disturbance; petty trouble; as, to be in a bother. Both·erÏa¶tion (?), n. The act of bothering, or state of being bothered; cause of trouble; perplexity; annoyance; vexation. [Colloq.] Both¶erÏer (?), n. One who bothers. Both¶erÏsome (?), a. Vexatious; causing bother; causing trouble or perplexity; troublesome. Both¶Ðhands· (?), n. A factotum. [R.] He is his master's bothÐhands, I assure you. B. Jonson. Both¶ie (?), n. Same as Bothy. [Scot.] Both¶niÏan (?), Both¶nic (?), } a. Of or pertaining to Bothnia, a country of northern Europe, or to a gulf of the same name which forms the northern part of the Baltic sea. Ø BothÏren¶chyÏma (?), n. [Gr. ? pit + ? something poured in. Formed like parenchyma.] (Bot.) Dotted or pitted ducts or vessels forming the pores seen in many kinds of wood. Both¶y (?) Booth¶y (?) n.; pl. Ïies (?) [Scottish. Cf. Booth.] A wooden hut or humble cot, esp. a rude hut or barrack for unmarried farm servants; a shepherd's or hunter's hut; a booth. [Scot.] Ø Bo·toÏcu¶dos (?), n. pl. [Pg. botoque stopple. So called because they wear a wooden plug in the pierced lower lip.] A Brazilian tribe of Indians, noted for their use of poisons; Ð also called Aymbor‚s. Bo¶ tree· (?). (Bot.) The peepul tree; esp., the very ancient tree standing at Anurajahpoora in Ceylon, grown from a slip of the tree under which Gautama is said to have received the heavenly light and so to have become Buddha. The sacred bo tree of the Buddhists (Ficus religiosa), which is planted close to every temple, and attracts almost as much veneration as the status of the god himself ....It differs from the banyan (Ficus Indica) by sending down no roots from its branches. Tennent. Bot¶ryÏoÏgen (?), n. [Gr. ? cluster of grapes + Ïgen.] (Min.) A hydrous sulphate of iron of a deep red color. It often occurs in botryoidal form. Bot¶ryÏoid (?), Bot·ryÏoid¶al (?), } a. [Gr. ? cluster of grapes + Ïoid.] Having the form of a bunch of grapes; like a cluster of grapes, as a mineral presenting an aggregation of small spherical or spheroidal prominences. Bot¶ryÏoÏlite (?), n. [Gr. ? cluster of grapes + Ïlite.] (Min.) A variety of datolite, usually having a botryoidal structure. Bot¶ryÏose· (?), a. (Bot.) (a) Having the form of a cluster of grapes. (b) Of the racemose or acropetal type of inflorescence. Gray. Bots (?), n. pl. [Cf. Gael. botus belly worm, boiteag maggot.] (Zo”l.) The larv‘ of several species of botfly, especially those larv‘ which infest the stomach, throat, or intestines of the horse, and are supposed to be the cause of various ailments. [Written also botts.] See Illust. of Botfly. BotÏtine¶ (?), n. [F. See Boot (for the foot.).] 1. A small boot; a lady's boot. 2. An appliance resembling a small boot furnished with straps, buckles, etc., used to correct or prevent distortions in the lower extremities of children. Dunglison. Bot¶tle (?), n. [OE. bote, botelle, OF. botel, bouteille, F. bouteille, fr. LL. buticula, dim. of butis, buttis, butta, flask. Cf. Butt a cask.] 1. A hollow vessel, usually of glass or earthenware (but formerly of leather), with a narrow neck or mouth, for holding liquids. 2. The contents of a bottle; as much as a bottle contains; as, to drink a bottle of wine. 3. Fig.: Intoxicating liquor; as, to drown one's reason in the bottle. µ Bottle is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound. Bottle ale, bottled ale. [Obs.] Shak. Ð Bottle brush, a cylindrical brush for cleansing the interior of bottles. Ð Bottle fish (Zo”l.), a kind of deepÐsea eel (Saccopharynz ampullaceus), remarkable for its baglike gullet, which enables it to swallow fishes two or three times its won size. Ð Bottle flower. (Bot.) Same as Bluebottle. Ð Bottle glass, a coarse, green glass, used in the manufacture of bottles. Ure. Ð Bottle gourd (Bot.), the common gourd or calabash (Lagenaria Vulgaris), whose shell is used for bottles, dippers, etc. Ð Bottle grass (Bot.), a nutritious fodder grass (Setaria glauca and S. viridis); Ð called also foxtail, and green foxtail. Ð Bottle tit (Zo”l.), the European longÐtailed titmouse; Ð so called from the shape of its nest. Ð Bottle tree (Bot.), an Australian tree (Sterculia rupestris), with a bottleÐshaped, or greatly swollen, trunk. Ð Feeding bottle, Nursing bottle, a bottle with a rubber nipple (generally with an intervening tubve), used in feeding infants. Bot¶tle, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bottled (?) p. pr. & vb. n. Bottling (?).] To put into bottles; to inclose in, or as in, a bottle or bottles; to keep or restrain as in a bottle; as, to bottle wine or porter; to bottle up one's wrath. Bot¶tle, n. [OE. botel, OF. botel, dim. of F. botte; cf. OHG. bozo bunch. See Boss stud.] A bundle, esp. of hay. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer. Shak. Bot¶tled (?), a. 1. Put into bottles; inclosed in bottles; pent up in, or as in, a bottle. 2. Having the shape of a bottle; protuberant. Shak. Bot¶tle green· (?). A dark shade of green, like that of bottle glass. Ð Bot¶tleÐgreen·, a. Bot¶tleÏhead· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A cetacean allied to the grampus; Ð called also bottleÏnosed whale<-- bottle-nosed dolphin?-->. µ There are several species so named, as the pilot whales, of the genus Globicephalus, and one or more species of Hypero”don (H. bidens, etc.), found on the European coast. See Blackfish, 1. Bot¶tleÏhold·er (?), n. 1. One who attends a pugilist in a prize fight; Ð so called from the bottle of water of which he has charge. 2. One who assists or supports another in a contest; an abettor; a backer. [Colloq.] Lord Palmerston considered himself the bottleholder of oppressed states. The London Times. Bot¶tleÐnose· (?), a. Having the nose bottleshaped, or large at the end. Dickens. Bot¶tler (?), n. One who bottles wine, beer, soda water, etc. Bot¶tleÏscrew· (?) n. A corkscrew. Swift. Bot¶tling (?) n. The act or the process of

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? anything into bottles (as beer, mineral water, etc., and corking the bottles.

Bot¶tom (?), n. [OE. botum, botme, AS. botm; ?akin to OS. bodom, D. bodem, OHG. podam, G. boden, Icel. botn, Sw. botten, Dan. bund (for budn ), L. fundus (for fudnus), Gr.? (for ?), Skr. budhna (for ?hudhna), and Ir. bonn sole of the foot, W. bon stem, ?base. + 257. Cf. 4th Found, Fund, n.] 1. The lowest part of anything; the foot; as, the bottom of a tree or well; the bottom of a hill, a lane, or a page. Or dive into the bottom of the deep. Shak. 2. The part of anything which is beneath the contents and supports them, as the part of a chair on which a person sits, the circular base or lower head of a cask or tub, or the plank floor of a ship's hold; the under surface. Barrels with the bottom knocked out. Macaulay. No two chairs were alike; such high backs and low backs and leather bottoms and worsted bottoms. W.Irving. 3. That upon which anything rests or is founded, in a literal or a figurative sense; foundation; groundwork. 4. The bed of a body of water, as of a river, lake, sea. 5. The fundament; the buttocks. 6. An abyss. [Obs.] Dryden. 7. Low land formed by alluvial deposits along a river; lowÐlying ground; a dale; a valley. ½The bottoms and the high grounds.¸ Stoddard. 8. (Naut.) The part of a ship which is ordinarily under water; hence, the vessel itself; a ship. My ventures are not in one bottom trusted. Shak. Not to sell the teas, but to return them to London in the same bottoms in which they were shipped. Bancroft. Full bottom, a hull of such shape as permits carrying a large amount of merchandise. 9. Power of endurance; as, a horse of a good bottom. 10. Dregs or grounds; lees; sediment. Johnson. At bottom, At the bottom, at the foundation or basis; in reality. ½He was at the bottom a good man.¸ J.F.Cooper. Ð To be at the bottom of, to be the cause or originator of; to be the source of. [Usually in an opprobrious sense.] J.H.Newman. He was at the bottom of many excellent counsels. Addison. ÐTo go to the bottom, to sink; esp. to be wrecked. Ð To touch bottom, to reach the lowest point; to find something on which to rest. Bot¶tom, a. Of or pertaining to the bottom; fundamental; lowest; under; as, bottom rock; the bottom board of a wagon box; bottom prices. Bottom glade, a low glade or open place; a valley; a dale. Milton. ÐBottom grass, grass growing on bottom lands.Ð Bottom land. See 1st Bottom, n., 7.? Bot¶tom, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bottomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bottoming.] 1. To found or build upon; to fix upon as a support; Ð followed by on or upon. Action is supposed to be bottomed upon principle. Atterbury. Those false and deceiving grounds upon which many bottom their eternal state. South. 2. To furnish with a bottom; as, to bottom a chair. 3. To reach or get to the bottom of. Smiles. Bot¶tom, v. i. 1. To rest, as upon an ultimate support; to be based or grounded; Ð usually with on or upon. Find on what foundation any proposition bottoms. Locke. 2. To reach or impinge against the bottom, so as to impede free action, as when the point of a cog strikes the bottom of a space between two other cogs, or a piston the end of a cylinder. Bot¶tom, n. [OE. botme, perh. corrupt. for button. See Button.] A ball or skein of thread; a cocoon. [Obs.] Silkworms finish their bottoms in ... fifteen days. Mortimer. Bot¶tom, v. t. To wind round something, as in making a ball of thread. [Obs.] As you unwind her love from him, Lest it should ravel and be good to none, You must provide to bottom it on me. Shak. Bot¶tomed (?), a. Having at the bottom, or as a bottom; resting upon a bottom; grounded; Ð mostly,? in composition; as, sharpÐbottomed; wellÐbottomed. Bot¶tomÏless, a. Without a bottom; hence, fathomless; baseless; as, a bottomless abyss. ½Bottomless speculations.¸ Burke. But¶tomÏry (?), n. [From 1st Bottom in sense 8: cf.D. bodemerij. Cf. Bummery.] (Mar.Law) A contract in the nature of a mortgage, by which the owner of a ship, or the master as his agent, hypothecates and binds the ship (and sometimes the accruing freight) as security for the repayment of money advanced or lent for the use of the ship, if she terminates her voyage successfully. If the ship is lost by perils of the sea, the lender loses the money; but if the ship arrives safe, he is to receive the money lent, with the interest or premium stipulated, although it may, and usually does, exceed he legal rate of interest. See Hypothecation. Bot¶tonÏy (?), Bot¶toÏn‚ (?),} a. [F. boutonn‚, fr. boutonner to bud, button.] (Her.) Having a bud or button, or a kind of trefoil, at the end; furnished with knobs or buttons. Cross bottony (Her.), a cross having each arm terminating in three rounded lobes, forming a sort of trefoil. Botts (?), n. pl. (Zo”l.) See Bots. Bot¶uÏliÏform· (?), a. [L. botulus sausage + Ð form.] (Bot.) Having the shape of a sausage. Henslow. ØBouche (?), n. [F.] Same as Bush, a lining. Bouche, v.t. Same as Bush, to line. ØBouche, Bouch } (?), n. [F. bouche mouth, victuals.] 1. A mouth. [Obs.] 2. An allowance of meat and drink for the tables of inferior officers or servants in a nobleman's palace or at court. [Obs.] ØBou·ch‚es¶ (?), n. pl. [F., morsels, mouthfuls, fr. bouche mouth.] (Cookery) Small patties. Boud (?), n. A weevil; a worm that breeds in malt, biscuit, etc. [Obs.] Tusser. ØBou¶doir¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bouder to pout, be sulky.] A small room, esp. if pleasant, or elegantly furnished, to which a lady may retire to be alone, or to receive intimate friends; a lady's (or sometimes a gentleman's) private room. Cowper. ØBouffe (?), n. [F., buffoon.] Comic opera. See Opera Bouffe. ØBou·gainÏvilÏl‘·a (?), n. [Named from Bougainville, the French navigator.] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the order Nyctoginace‘, from tropical South America, having the flowers surrounded by large bracts. Bouge (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bouged (?)] [Variant of bulge. Cf. Bowge.] 1. To swell out. [Obs.] 2. To bilge. [Obs.] ½Their ship bouged.¸ Hakluyt. Bouge, v. t. To stave in; to bilge. [Obs.] Holland. Bouge, n. [F. bouche mouth, victuals.] Bouche (see Bouche, 2?); food and drink; provisions. [Obs.] made room for a bombardman that brought bouge for a country lady or two, that fainted ... with fasting. B.Jonson. Bou¶get (?), n. [Cf. F. bougette sack, bag. Cf. Budget.] (Her.) A charge representing a leather vessel for carrying water; Ð also called water bouget. Bough (?), n. [OE. bogh, AS. b”?g, b”h?, bough, shoulder; akin to Icel. b”?gr shoulder, bow of a ship, Sw. bog, Dan. bov, OHG. buog, G. bug, and to Gr.? ( for ? ) forearm, Skr. b„?hu (for bh„?ghu) arm. ?88, 251. Cf. Bow of a ship.] 1. An arm or branch of a tree, esp. a large arm or main branch. 2. A gallows. [Archaic] Spenser. Bought (?), n. [Cf. Dan. bugt bend, turning, Icel. bug?a. Cf. Bight, Bout, and see Bow to bend.] 1. A flexure; a bend; a twist; a turn; a coil, as in a rope; as the boughts of a serpent. [Obs.] Spenser. The boughts of the fore legs. Sir T.Browne. 2. The part of a sling that contains the stone. [Obs.] Bought (?), imp & p.p. of Buy. Bought, p.a. Purchased; bribed. Bought¶en (?), a. Purchased; not obtained or produced at home. Coleridge.

Bought¶y (?), a. Bending. [Obs.] Sherwood. ØBouÏgie¶ (?), n. [F. bougie wax candle, bougie, fr. Bougie, Bugia, a town of North Africa, from which these candles were first imported into Europe.] 1. (Surg.) A long, flexible instrument, that is introduced into the urethra, esophagus, etc., to remove obstructions, or for the other purposes. It was originally made of waxed linen rolled into cylindrical form. 2. (Pharm.) A long slender rod consisting of gelatin or some other substance that melts at the temperature of the body. It is impregnated with medicine, and designed for introduction into urethra, etc. ØBou·illi¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bouillir to boil.] (Cookery) Boiled or stewed meat; beef boiled with vegetables in water from which its gravy is to be made; beef from which bouillon or soup has been made. ØBou·illon¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bouillir to boil.] 1. A nutritious liquid food made by boiling beef, or other meat, in water; a clear soup or broth. 2. (Far.) An excrescence on a horse's frush or frog. Bouk (?), n. [AS. bc? belly; akin to G. bauch, Icel. b?kr body.] 1. The body. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. Bulk; volume. [Scot.] Boul (?), n. A curved handle. Sir W.Scott. BouÏlan¶gerÏite (?), n. [From Boulanger, a French mineralogist.] (Min.) A mineral of a bluish gray color and metallic luster, usually in plumose masses, also compact.It is sulphide of antimony and lead. Bul¶der (?), n. Same as Bowlder. Boul¶derÏy (?), a. Characterized by bowlders. Boule (?), Boule¶work· (?), n. Same as Buhl, Buhlwork. ØBou¶leÏvard· (?), n. [F. boulevard, boulevart, fr. G. bollwerk. See Bulwark.] 1. Originally, a bulwark or rampart of fortification or fortified town. 2. A public walk or street occupying the site of demolished fortifications. Hence: A broad avenue in or around a city. ØBoule·verse·ment¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bouleverser to overthrow.] Complete overthrow; disorder; a turning upside down. Buolt (?), n. Corrupted form Bolt. Boul¶tel (?), Boul¶tin (?), n. (Arch.) (a) A molding, the convexity of which is one fourth of a circle, being a member just below the abacus in the Tuscan and Roman Doric capital; a torus; an ovolo. (b) One of the shafts of a clustered column. [Written also bowtel, boltel, boultell, etc.] Boul¶ter (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A long, stout fishing line to which many hooks are attached. Boun (?), a. [See Bound ready.] Ready; prepared; destined; tending. [Obs.] Chaucer. Boun, v.t. To make or get ready. Sir W.Scott. Bounce (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bounced (?); p.pr. & vb. n. Bouncing (?).] [OE. bunsen; cf. D. bonzen to strike, bounce, bons blow, LG. bunsen to knock; all prob. of imitative origin.] 1. To strike or thump, so as to rebound, or to make a sudden noise; a knock loudly. Another bounces as hard as he can knock. Swift. Against his bosom bounced his heaving heart. Dryden. 2. To leap or spring suddenly or unceremoniously; to bound; as, she bounced into the room. Out bounced the mastiff. Swift. Bounced off his arm+chair. Thackeray. 3. To boast; to talk big; to bluster. [Obs.] Bounce, v.t. 1. To drive against anything suddenly and violently; to bump; to thump. Swift. 2. To cause to bound or rebound; sometimes, to toss. 3. To eject violently, as from a ?room; to discharge unceremoniously, as from employment. [Collog. U. S.] 4. To bully; to scold. [Collog.] J.Fletcher. Bounce (?), n. 1. A sudden leap or bound; a rebound. 2. A heavy, sudden, and often noisy, blow or thump. The bounce burst open the door. Dryden. 3. An explosion, or the noise of one. [Obs.] 4. Bluster; brag; untruthful boasting; audacious exaggeration; an impudent lie; a bouncer. Johnson. De Quincey.? 5. (Zo”l.) A dogfish of Europe (Scyllium catulus). Bounce, adv. With a sudden leap; suddenly. This impudent puppy comes bounce in upon me. Bickerstaff. Boun¶cer (?), n. 1. One who bounces; a large, heavy person who makes much noise in moving. 2. A boaster; a bully. [Collog.] Johnson. 3. A bold lie; also, a liar. [Collog.] Marryat. 4. Something big; a good stout example of the kind. The stone must be a bouncer. De Quincey. Boun¶cing (?), a. 1. Stout; plump and healthy; lusty; buxom. Many tall and bouncing young ladies. Thackeray. 2. Excessive; big. ½A bouncing reckoning.¸ B. & Fl.? Bouncing Bet (Bot.), the common soapwort (Saponaria officinalis). Harper's Mag. Boun¶cingÏly, adv. With a bounce. Bound (?), n. [OE. bounde, bunne, OF. bonne, bonde, bodne, F. borne, fr. LL. bodina, bodena, bonna; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. Arm. bonn boundary, limit, and boden, bod, a tuft or cluster of trees, by which a boundary or limit could be marked. Cf. Bourne.] The external or limiting line, either real or imaginary, of any object or space; that which limits or restrains, or within which something is limited or restrained; limit; confine; extent; boundary. He hath compassed the waters with bounds. Job xxvi. 10. On earth's remotest bounds. Campbell. And mete the bounds of hate and love. Tennyson. To keep within bounds, not to exceed or pass beyond assigned limits; to act with propriety or discretion. Syn. Ð See Boundary. Bound, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bounded; p.pr. & vb. n. Bounding.] 1. To limit; to terminate; to fix the furthest point of extension of; Ð said of natural or of moral objects; to lie along, or form, a boundary of; to inclose; to circumscribe; to restrain; to confine. Where full measure only bounds excess. Milton. Phlegethon . . . Whose fiery flood the burning empire bounds. Dryden. 2. To name the boundaries of; as, to bound France. Bound, v.i. [F. bondir to leap, OF. bondir, bundir, to leap, resound, fr. L. bombitare to buzz, hum?, fr. bombus a humming, buzzing. See Bomb.] 1. To move with a sudden spring or leap, or with a succession of springs or leaps; as the beast bounded from his den; the herd bounded across the plain. Before his lord the ready spaniel bounds. Pope. And the waves bound beneath me as a steed That knows his rider. Byron. 2. To rebound, as an elastic ball. Bound, v.t. 1. To make to bound or leap; as, to bound a horse. [R.] Shak. 2. To cause to rebound; to throw so that it will rebound; as, to bound a ball on the floor. [Collog.] Bound, n. 1. A leap; an elastic spring; a jump. A bound of graceful hardihood. Wordsworth. 2. Rebound; as, the bound of a ball. Johnson. 3. (Dancing) Spring from one foot to the other. Bound, imp. & p. p. of Bind. Bound, p. p. & a. 1. Restrained by a hand, rope, chain, fetters, or the like. 2. Inclosed in a binding or cover; as, a bound volume. 3. Under legal or moral restraint or obligation. 4. Constrained or compelled; destined; certain; Ð followed by the infinitive; as, he is bound to succeed; he is bound to fail. 5. Resolved; as, I am bound to do it. [Collog. U. S.] 6. Constipated; costive. µ Used also in composition; as, icebound, windbound, hidebound, etc. Bound bailiff (Eng. Law), a sheriff's officer who serves writs, makes arrests, etc. The sheriff being answerable for the bailiff's misdemeanors, the bailiff is usually under bond for the faithful discharge of his trust. Ð Bound up in, entirely devoted to; inseparable from. Bound, a. [Past p. of OE. bounen to prepare, fr. boun ready, prepared, fr. Icel. b?inn, p. p. of ba? to dwell, prepare; akin to E. boor and bower. See Bond, a., and cf. Busk, v.] Ready or intending to go; on the way toward; going; Ð with to or for, or with an adverb of motion; as, a ship is bound to Cadiz, or for Cadiz. ½The mariner bound homeward.¸ Cowper. Bound¶aÏry (?), n.; pl. Boundaries (?) [From Bound a limit; cf. LL. bonnarium piece of land with fixed limits.] That which indicates or fixes a limit or extent, or marks a bound, as of a territory; a bounding or separating line; a real or imaginary limit. But still his native country lies Beyond the boundaries of the skies. N.Cotton. That bright and tranquil stream, the boundary of Louth and Meath. Macaulay. Sensation and reflection are the boundaries of our thoughts. Locke. Syn. Ð Limit; bound; border; term; termination; barrier; verge; confines; precinct. Bound, Boundary. Boundary, in its original and strictest sense, is a visible object or mark indicating a limit. Bound is the limit itself. But in ordinary usage the two words are made interchangeable. Bound¶en (?), p.p & a. [Old. p. p. of bind.] 1. Bound; fastened by bonds. [Obs.]

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2. Under obligation; bound by some favor rendered; obliged; beholden. This holy word, that teacheth us truly our bounden duty toward our Lord God in every point. Ridley. 3. Made obligatory; imposed as a duty; binding. I am much bounden to your majesty. Shak. Bound¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, limits; a boundary. Sir T.Herbert. Bound¶ing, a. Moving with a bound or bounds. The bounding pulse, the languid limb. Montgomery. Bound¶less, a. Without bounds or confines; illimitable; vast; unlimited. ½The boundless sky.¸ Bryant. ½The boundless ocean.¸ Dryden. ½Boundless rapacity.¸ ½Boundless prospect of gain.¸ Macaulay. Syn. Ð Unlimited; unconfined; immeasurable; illimitable; infinite. Ð Bound¶lessÏly, adv. Ð Bound¶lessÐness, n. Boun¶teÏous (?), a. [OE. bountevous, fr. bounte bounty.] Liberal in charity; disposed to give freely; generously liberal; munificent; beneficent; free in bestowing gifts; as, bounteous production. But O, thou bounteous Giver of all good. Cowper. Ð Boun¶teÏousÏly, adv. Ð Boun¶teÏousÏness, n. Boun¶tiÏful (?), a. 1. Free in giving; lib??ral in bestowing gifts and favors. God, the bountiful Author of our being. Locke. 2. Plentiful; abundant; as, a bountiful supply of food. Syn. Ð Liberal; munificent; generous; bounteous. Ð Boun¶tiÏfulÏly, adv. Ð Boun¶tiÏfulÏness, n. Boun¶tiÏhead (?), Boun¶tyÏhood (?), } n. Goodness; generosity. [Obs.] Spenser. Boun¶ty, n.; pl. Bounties (?). [OE. bounte goodness, kindness, F. bont‚, fr. L. bonitas, fr. bonus good, for older duonus; cf. Skr. duvas honor, respect.] 1. Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth. [Obs.] Nature set in her at once beauty with bounty. Gower. 2. Liberality in bestowing gifts or favors; gracious or liberal giving; generosity; munificence. My bounty is as boundless as the sea. Shak. 3. That which is given generously or liberally. ½Thy morning bounties.¸ Cowper. 4. A premium offered or given to induce men to enlist into the public service; or to encourage any branch of industry, as husbandry or manufactures. Bounty jumper, one who, during the latter part of the Civil War, enlisted in the United States service, and deserted as soon as possible after receiving the bounty. [Collog.] Ð Queen Anne's bounty (Eng. Hist.), a provision made in Queen Anne's reign for augmenting poor clerical livings. Syn. Ð Munificence; generosity; beneficence. BouÏquet¶ (?), n. [F. bouquet bunch, bunch of flowers, trees, feathers, for bousquet, bosquet, thicket, a little wood, dim. of LL. boscus. See Bush thicket, and cf. Bosket, Busket.] 1. A nosegay; a bunch of flowers. 2. A perfume; an aroma; as, the bouquet of wine. ØBou·queÏtin¶ (?), n. [F.] (Zo”l.) The ibex. Bour (?), n. [See Bower a chamber.] A chamber or a cottage. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bour¶bon (?), n. [From the castle and seigniory of Bourbon in central France.] 1. A member of a family which has occupied several European thrones, and whose descendants still claim throne of France. 2. A politician who is behind the age; a ruler or politician who neither forgets nor learns anything; an obstinate conservative. Bour¶bonÏism (?), n. The principles of those adhering to the house of Bourbon; obstinate conservatism. Bour¶bonÏist, n. One who adheres to the house of Bourbon; a legitimist. Bour¶bon whis¶ky. See under Whisky. Bourd (?), n. [F. bourde fib, lie, OF. borde, bourde, jest, joke.] A jest. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bourd (?), v.i. To jest. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bourd¶er (?), n. A jester. [Obs.] Bour¶don (?), n. [F., fr. L. burdo mule, esp. one used for carrying litters. Cf. Sp. muleta a young she mule; also, crutch, prop.] A pilgrim's staff. ØBour¶don· (?), n. [F. See Burden a refrain.] (Mus.) (a) A drone bass, as in a bagpipe, or a hurdyÐgurdy. See Burden (of a song.) (b) A kind of organ stop. BourÏgeois¶ (?), n. [From a French type founder named Bourgeois, or fr. F. bourgeois of the middle class; hence applied to an intermediate size of type between brevier and long primer: cf. G. bourgeois, borgis. Cf. Burgess.] (Print.) A size of type between long primer and brevier. See Type. µ This line is printed in bourgeois type.? ØBourÏgeois¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bourg town; of German origin. See Burgess.] A man of middle rank in society; one of the shopkeeping class. [France.] Ð? a. Characteristic of the middle class, as in France. BourÏgeoiÏsie¶ ?, n. [F.] The French middle class, particularly such as are concerned in, or dependent on, trade. Bour¶geon (?), v.i. [OE. burjoun a bud, burjounen to bud, F. bourgeon a bud, bourgeonner to bud; cf. OHG. burjan to raise.] To sprout; to put forth buds; to shoot forth, as a branch. Gayly to bourgeon and broadly to grow. Sir W.Scott. ØBou¶ri (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A mullet (Mugil capito) found in the rivers of Southern Europe and in Africa. Bourn, Bourne } (?), n. [OE. burne, borne, AS. burna; akin to OS. brunno spring, G. born, ? unnen, OHG. prunno, Goth. brunna, Icel. brunn?r and perh. to Gr. ?. The root is prob. that of burn, v., because the source of a stream seems to issue forth bubbling and boiling from the earth. Cf. Torrent, and see Burn, v.] A stream or rivulet; a burn. My little boat can safely pass this perilous bourn. Spenser. Bourn, Bourne } (?), n. [F. borne. See Bound a limit.] A bound; a boundary; a limit. Hence: Point aimed at; goal. Where the land slopes to its watery bourn. Cowper. The undiscovered country, from whose bourn No traveler returns. Shak. Sole bourn, sole wish, sole object of my song. Wordsworth. To make the doctrine ... their intellectual bourne. Tyndall. Bourn¶less, a. Without a bourn or limit. Bour¶nonÏite (?), n. [Named after Count? Bournon, a mineralogist.] (Min.) A mineral of a steelgray to black color and metallic luster, occurring crystallized, often in twin crystals shaped like cogwheels (wheel ore), also massive. It is a sulphide of antimony, lead, and copper. BourÏnous¶ (?), n. See Burnoose. ØBourÏr‚e (?), n. [F.] (Mus.) An old French dance tune in common time. ØBourse (?), n. [F. bourse purse, exchange, LL. bursa, fr. Gr.? skin, hide, of which a purse was usually made. Cf. Purse, Burse.] An exchange, or place where merchants, bankers, etc., meet for business at certain hours; esp., the ?Stock Exchange of Paris.? Bouse (?), v.i. To drink immoderately; to carouse; to booze. See Booze. Bouse, n. Drink, esp. alcoholic drink; also, a carouse; a booze. ½A good bouse of liquor.¸ Carlyle. Bous¶er (?), n. A toper; a boozer. ØBou·stroÏphe¶don (?), n. [Gr. ? turning like oxen in plowing; ? to turn.] An ancient mode of writing, in alternate directions, one line from left to right, and the next from right to left (as fields are plowed), as in early Greek and Hittite. BouÏstroph·eÏdon¶ic (?), a. Relating to the boustrophedon made of writing. BouÏstorph¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? ?oxÐguiding.] Boustrophedonic. Bousy (?), a. Drunken; sotted; boozy. In his cups the bousy poet songs. Dryden. Bout (?), n. [A different spelling and application of bought bend.] 1. As much of an action as is performed at one time; a going and returning, as of workmen in reaping, mowing, etc.; a turn; a round. In notes with many a winding bout Of linked sweetness long drawn out. Milton. The prince ... has taken me in his train, so that I am in no danger of starving for this bout. Goldsmith. 2. A conflict; contest; attempt; trial; a setÐto at anything; as, a fencing bout; a drinking bout. The gentleman will, for his honor's sake, have one bout with you; he can not by the duello avoid it. Shak. BouÏtade¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bouter to thrust. See Butt.] An outbreak; a caprice; a whim. [Obs.] Boute¶feu (?), n. [F.; bouter to thrust, ?put+feu fire.] An incendiary; an inciter of quarrels. [Obs.] Animated by ... John … Chamber, a very boutefeu, ... they entered into open rebellion. Bacon. ØBou·ton·niŠre¶ (?), n. [F., buttonhole.] A bouquet worn in a buttonhole. ØBouts·ÏriÏm‚s¶ (?), n. pl. [F. bout ?end+rim‚ rhymed.] Words that rhyme, proposed as the ends of verses, to be filled out by the ingenuity of the person to whom they are offered. Bo¶vate (?), n. [LL. bovata, fr. bos, bovis, ox.] (O.Eng.Law.) An oxgang, or as much land as an ox can plow in a year; an ancient measure of land, of indefinite quantity, but usually estimated at fifteen acres. Bo¶vey coal· (?). (Min.) A kind of mineral coal, or brown lignite, burning with a weak flame, and generally a disagreeable odor; Ð found at Bovey Tracey, Devonshire, England. It is of geological age of the o”lite, and of the true coal era. Bo¶vid (?), a. [L. bos, bovis, ox, cow.] (Zo”l.) Relating to that tribe of ruminant mammals of which the genus Bos is the type. Bo¶viÏform (?), a. [L. bos, bovis, ox +?Ðform.] Resembling an ox in form; oxÐshaped. [R.] Bo¶vine (?), a. [LL. bovinus, fr.L. bos, bovis, ox, cow: cf. F. bovine. See Cow.] 1. (Zo”l.) of or pertaining to the genus Bos; relating to, or resembling, the ox or cow; oxlike; as, the bovine genus; a bovine antelope. 2. Having qualities characteristic of oxen or cows; sluggish and patient; dull; as, a bovine temperament. The bovine gaze of gaping rustics. W.Black. Bow (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bowing.] [OE. bowen, bogen, bugen, AS. b?gan (generally v.i.); akin to D. buigen, OHG. biogan, G. biegen, beugen, Icel. boginn bent, beygja to bend, Sw. b”ja, Dan. b”ie, bugne, Coth. biugan; also to L. fugere to flee, Gr. ?, and Skr. bhuj to bend. ?88. Cf. Fugitive.] 1. To cause to deviate from straightness; to bend; to inflect; to make crooked or curved. We bow things the contrary way, to make them come to their natural straightness. Milton. The whole nation bowed their necks to the worst kind of tyranny. Prescott. 2. To exercise powerful or controlling influence over; to bend, figuratively; to turn; to incline. Adversities do more bow men's minds to religion. Bacon. Not to bow and bias their opinions. Fuller. 3. To bend or incline, as the head or body, in token of respect, gratitude, assent, homage, or condescension. They came to meet him, and bowed themselves to the ground before him. 2 Kings ii. 15. 4. To cause to bend down; to prostrate; to depress,;? to crush; to subdue. Whose heavy hand hath bowed you to the grave. Shak. 5. To express by bowing; as, to bow one's thanks. Bow (?), v.i. 1. To bend; to curve. [Obs.] 2. To stop. [Archaic] They stoop, they bow down together. Is.xlvi.2? 3. To bend the head, knee, or body, in token of reverence or submission; Ð often with down. O come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before the Lord our maker. Ps.xcv.6. 4. To incline the head in token of salutation, civility, or assent; to make bow. Admired, adored by all circling crowd, For wheresoe'er she turned her face, they bowed. Dryden. Bow (?), n. An inclination of the head, or a bending of the body, in token of reverence, respect, civility, or submission; an obeisance; as, a bow of deep humility. Bow (?), n. [OE. bowe, boge, AS. boga, fr. AS. b?gan to bend; akin to D. boog, G. bogen, Icel. bogi. See Bow, v.t.] 1. Anything bent, or in the form of a curve, as the rainbow. I do set my bow in the cloud. Gen.ix.13. 2. A weapon made of a strip of wood, or other elastic material, with a cord connecting the two ends, by means of which an arrow is propelled. 3. An ornamental knot, with projecting lops, formed by doubling a ribbon or string. 4. The ?UÐshaped piece which embraces the neck of an ox and fastens it to the yoke. 5. (Mus.) An appliance consisting of an elastic rod, with a number of horse hairs stretched from end to end of it, used in playing on a stringed instrument. 6. An acrograph. 7. (Mech. & Manuf.) Any instrument consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging the hair, fur, etc., used by hatters. 8. (Naut.) A rude sort of quadrant formerly used for taking the sun's altitude at sea. 9. (Saddlery) sing. or pl. Two pieces of wood which form the arched forward part of a saddletree. Bow bearer (O. Eng. Law), an under officer of the forest who looked after trespassers. Ð Bow drill, a drill worked by a bow and string. Ð Bow instrument (Mus.), any stringed instrument from which the tones are produced by the bow. Ð Bow window (Arch.) See Bay window. Ð To draw a long bow, to lie; to exaggerate. [Collog.] Bow (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bowing.] To play (music) with a bow. Ð v.i. To manage the bow. Bow (?), n. [Icel. b”?gr shoulder, bow of a ship. See Bough.] 1. (Naut.) The bending or rounded part of a ship forward; the stream or prow. 2. (Naut.) One who rows in the forward part of a boat; the bow oar. Bow chaser (Naut.), a gun in the bow for firing while chasing another vessel. Totten. Ð Bow piece, a piece of ordnance carried at the bow of a ship. Ð On the bow (Naut.), on that part of the horizon whithin 45? on either side of the line ahead. Totten. Bow¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being bowed or bent; flexible; easily influenced; yielding. [Obs.] Bow¶bell· (?), n. One born within hearing distance of BowÐbells; a cockney. Halliwell. Bow¶Ïbells· (?), n. pl. The bells of Bow Church in London; cockneydom. People born within the sound of BowÐbells are usually called cockneys. Murray's Handbook of London. Bow¶bent· (??), a. Bent, like a bow. Milton. Bow¶Ðcom·pass (?), n.; pl. BowÐcompasses (?). 1. An arcograph. 2. A small pair of compasses, one leg of which carries a pencil, or a pen, for drawing circles. Its legs are often connected by a bowÐshaped spring, instead of by a joint. 3. A pair of compasses, with a bow or arched plats riveted to one of the legs, and passing through the other. Bow¶el (?), n. [OE. bouel, bouele, OF. boel, boele, F. boyau, fr. L. botellus a small sausage, in LL. also intestine, dim. of L. botulus sausage.] 1. One of the intestines of an animal; an entrail, especially of man; a gut; Ð generally used in the plural. He burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out. Acts i.18. 2. pl. Hence, figuratively: The interior part of anything; as, the bowels of the earth. His soldiers ... cried out amain, And rushed into the bowels of the battle. Shak. 3. pl. The seat of pity or kindness. Hence: Tenderness; compassion. ½Thou thing of no bowels.¸ Shak. Bloody Bonner, that corpulent tyrant, full (as one said) of guts, and empty of bowels. Fuller. 4. pl. Offspring. [Obs.] Shak. Bow¶el, v.t. [imp. & p. p. Boweled or Bowelled (?); p.pr.& vb.n. Boweling or Bowelling.] To take out the bowels of; to eviscerate; to disembowel. Bow¶eled (?), a. [Written also bowelled.] Having bowels; hollow. ½The boweled cavern.¸ Thomson. Bow¶elÏless, a. Without pity. Sir T.Browne. Bow¶enÏite (?), n. [From G.T.Bowen, who analyzed it in 1822.] (Min.) A hard, compact variety of serpentine found in Rhode Island. It is of a ligth green color and resembles jade. Bo¶wer (?), n. [From Bow, v. & n.] 1. One who bows or bends. 2. (Naut.) An anchor carried at the bow of a ship. 3. A muscle that bends a limb, esp. the arm. [Obs.] His rawbone arms, whose mighty brawned bowers Were wont to rive steel plates and helmets hew. Spenser. Best bower, Small bower. See the Note under Anchor.

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Bow¶er (?), n. [G. bauer a peasant. So called from the figure sometimes used for the knave in cards. See Boor.] One of the two highest cards in the pack commonly used in the game of euchre. Right bower, the knave of the trump suit, the highest card (except the ½Joker¸) in the game. Ð Left bower, the knave of the other suit of the same color as the trump, being the next to the right bower in value. Ð Best bower or? Joker, in some forms of euchre and some other games, an extra card sometimes added to the pack, which takes precedence of all others as the highest card. Bow¶er, n. [OE. bour, bur, room, dwelling, AS. b?r, fr. the root of AS. ?ban to dwell; akin to Icel. br? chamber, storehouse, Sw. br? cage, Dan. buur, OHG. pr? room, G. bauer cage, bauer a peasant. ?97 Cf.Boor, Byre.] 1. Anciently, a chamber; a lodging room; esp., a lady's private apartment. Give me my lute in bed now as I lie, And lock the doors of mine unlucky bower. Gascoigne. 2. A rustic cottage or abode; poetically, an attractive abode or retreat. Shenstone. B.Johnson. 3. A shelter or covered place in a garden, made with boughs of trees or vines, etc., twined together; an arbor; a shady recess. Bow¶er, v.t. To embowar; to inclose. Shak. Bow¶er, v.i. To lodge. [Obs.] Spenser. Bow¶er, n. [From Bough, cf. Brancher.] (Falconry) A young hawk, when it begins to leave thenest. [Obs.] Bow¶er bird· (?). (Zo”l.) An Australian bird (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus or holosericeus), allied to the starling, which constructs singular bowers or playhouses of twigs and decorates them with brightcolored objects; the satin bird. µ The name is also applied to other related birds of the same region, having similar habits; as, the spotted bower bird ( Chalmydodera maculata), and the regent bird (Sericulus melinus). Bow¶erÏy (?), a. Shading, like a bower; full of bowers. A bowery maze that shades the purple streams. Trumbull. Bow¶erÏy, n.; pl. Boweries (?) [D. bouwerij.] A farm or plantation with its buildings. [U.S.Hist.] The emigrants [in New York] were scattered on boweries or plantetions; and seeing the evils of this mode of living widely ?apart, they were advised, in 1643 and 1646, by the Dutch authorities, to gather into ½villages, towns, and hamlets, as the English were in the habit of doing.¸ Bancroft. Bow¶erÏy, a. Characteristic of the street called the ?Bowery, in New York city; swaggering; flashy. Bow¶ess (?), n. (Falconry) Same as Bower. [Obs.] Bow¶fin· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A voracious ganoid fish (Amia calva) found in the fresh waters of the United States; the mudfish; Ð called also Johnny Grindle, and dogfish. Bowge (?), v. i. To swell out. See Bouge. [Obs.] Bowge, v. t. To cause to leak. [Obs.] See Bouge. Bow¶grace· (?), n. (Naut.) A frame or fender of rope or junk, laid out at the sides or bows of a vessel to secure it from injury by floating ice. Bow¶ hand· (?). 1. (Archery) The hand that holds the bow, i.e., the left hand. Surely he shoots wide on the bow hand. Spenser. 2. (Mus.) The hand that draws the bow, i.e., the right hand. Bow¶head· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The great Arctic or Greenland whale. (Bal‘na mysticetus). See Baleen, and Whale. Bow¶ie knife· (?). A knife with a strong blade from ten to fifteen inches long, and doubleÐedged near the point; Ð used as a hunting knife, and formerly as a weapon in the southwestern part of the United States. It was named from its inventor, Coolnel James Bowie. Also, by extension, any large sheath knife. Bow¶ing (?), n. (Mus.) 1. The act or art of managing the bow in playing on stringed instruments. Bowing constitutes a principal part of the art of the violinist, the violist, etc. J.W.Moore. 2. In hatmaking, the act or process of separating and distributing the fur or hair by means of a bow, to prepare it for felting. Bow¶ingÏly (?), adv. In a bending manner. Bow¶knot· (?), n. A knot in which a portion of the string is drawn through in the form of a loop or bow, so as to be readily untied. Bowl (?), n. [OE. bolle, AS. bolla; akin to Icel. bolli, Dan. bolle, G. bolle, and perh. to E. boil a tumor. Cf. Boll.] 1. A concave vessel of various forms (often approximately hemisherical), to hold liquids, etc. Brought them food in bowls of basswood. Longfellow. 2. Specifically, a drinking vessel for wine or other spirituous liquors; hence, convival drinking. 3. The contents of a full bowl; what a bowl will hold. 4. The bollow part of a thing; as, the bowl of a spoon. Bowl (?), n. [F. boule, fr. L. bulla bubble, stud. Cf. Bull an edict, Bill a writing.] 1. A ball of wood or other material used for rolling on a level surface in play; a ball of hard wood having one side heavier than the other, so as to give it a bias when rolled. 2. pl. An ancient game, popular in Great Britain, played with biased balls on a level plat of greensward. Like an uninstructed bowler, ... who thinks to attain the jack by delivering his bowl straightforward upon it. Sir W.Scott. 3. pl. The game of tenpins or bowling. [U.S.] Bowl (?), v.t. [imp. & p. p. Bowledÿ(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bowling.] 1. To roll, as a bowl or cricket ball. Break all the spokes and fellies from her wheel, And bowl the round nave down the hill of heaven. Shak. 2. To roll or carry smoothly on, or as on, wheels; as, we were bowled rapidly along the road. 3. To pelt or strike with anything rolled. Alas, I had rather be set quick i' the earth, And bowled to death with turnips? Shak. To bowl (a player) out ?, in cricket, to put out a striker by knocking down a bail or a stump in bowling. Bowl, v. i. 1. To play with bowls. 2. To roll a ball on a plane, as at cricket, bowls, etc. 3. To move rapidly, smoothly, and like a ball; as, the carriage bowled along. Bowl¶der, Boul¶der (?), n. [Cf. Sw. bullra to roar, rattle, Dan. buldre, dial. Sw. bullersteen larger kind of pebbles; perh. akin to E. bellow.] 1. A large stone, worn smooth or rounded by the action of water; a large pebble. 2. (Geol.) A mass of any rock, whether rounded or not, that has been transported by natural agencies from its native bed. See Drift. Bowlder clay, the unstratified clay deposit of the Glacial or Drift epoch, often containing large numbers of bowlders. Ð Bowlder wall, a wall constructed of large stones or bowlders. Bowl¶derÏy (?), a. Characterized by bowlders. Bow¶leg· (?), n. A crooked leg. Jer.Taylor. Bowl¶Ðlegged· (?), a. Having crooked legs, esp. with the kness bent outward. Johnson. Bowl¶er (?), n. One who plays at bowls, or who rolls the ball in cricket or any other game. Bow¶less, a. Destitute of a bow. Bow¶line (?), n. [Cf. D. boelijn, Icel. b”gl‹na?, Dan. bovline; properly the line attached to the shoulder or side of the sail. See Bow (of a ship), and Line.] (Naut.) A rope fastened near the middle of the leech or perpendicular edge of the square sails, by subordinate ropes, called bridles, and used to keep the weather edge of the sail tight forward, when the ship is closehauled. Bowline bridles, the ropes by which the bowline is fastened to the leech of the sail. Ð Bowline knot. See Illust. under Knot. Ð On a bowline, closeÐhauled or sailing close to the wind; Ð said of a ship. Bowl¶ing (?), n. The act of playing at or rolling bowls, or of rolling the ball at cricket; the game of bowls or of tenpins. Bowling alley, a covered place for playing at bowls or tenpins. Ð Bowling green, a level piece of greensward or smooth ground for bowling, as the small park in lower Broadway, New York, where the Dutch of New Amsterdam played this game.? Bowls (?), n. pl. See Bowl, a ball, a game. Bow¶man (?), n.; pl. Bowmen (?). A man who uses a bow; an archer. The whole city shall flee for the noise of the horsemen and bowmen. Jer.iv.29. Bowman's root. (Bot.) See Indian physic, under Indian. Bow¶man (?), n. (Naut.) The man who rows the foremost oar in a boat; the bow oar. Bowne (?), v.t. [See Boun.] To make ready; to prepare; to dress. [Obs.] We will all bowne ourselves for the banquet. Sir W.Scott. Bow¶ net· (?). 1. A trap for lobsters, being a wickerwork cylinder with a funnelÐshaped entrance at one end. 2. A net for catching birds. J.H.Walsh. Bow¶ oar· (?). 1. The oar used by the bowman. 2. One who rows at the bow of a boat. Bow¶Ðpen· (?), n. BowÐcompasses carrying a drawing pen. See BowÐcompass. Bow¶Ðpen·cil (?), n. BowÐcompasses, one leg of which carries a pencil. Bow¶Ðsaw· (?), n. A saw with a thin or narrow blade set in a strong frame. Bowse (?), v.i. [See Booze, and Bouse.] 1. To carouse; to bouse; to booze. De Quincey. 2. (Naut.) To pull or haul; as, to bowse upon a tack; to bowse away, i.e., to pull all together. Bowse, n. A carouse; a drinking bout; a booze. Bow¶shot· (?), n. The distance traversed by an arrow shot from a bow. Bow¶sprit· (?), n. [Bow + sprit; akin to D.boegspriet; boeg bow of a ship + spriet, E. sprit, also Sw. bogspr”t, G. bugspriet.] (Naut.) A large boom or spar, which project over the stem of a ship or other vessel, to carry sail forward. Bows¶sen (?), v.t. To drench; to soak; especially, to immerse (in water believed to have curative properties). [Obs.] There were many bowssening places, for curing of mad men. ...If there appeared small amendment he was bowssened again and again. Carew. Bow¶string· (?), n. 1. The string of a bow. 2. A string used by the Turks for strangling offenders. Bowstring bridge, a bridge formed of an arch of timber or iron, often braced, the thrust of which is resisted by a tie forming a chord of the arch. Ð Bowstring girder, an arched beam strengthened by a tie connecting its two ends. Ð Bowstring hemp (Bot.), the tenacious fiber of the Sanseviera Zeylanica, growing in India and Africa, from which bowstrings are made. Balfour. Bow¶string· (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p.] Bowstringed (?) or Bowstrung (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bowstringing.] To strangle with a bowstring. Bow¶stringed· (?), p.a. 1. Furnished with bowstring. 2. Put to death with a bowstring; strangled. Bow¶tel (?), n. See Boultel. Bow¶wow· (?), n. An onomatopoetic name for a dog or its bark. Ð a. Onomatopoetic; as, the bowwow theory of language; a bowwow word. [Jocose.] Bow¶yer (?), n. [From Bow, like lawyer from law.] 1. An archer; one who uses bow. 2. One who makes or sells bows. Box (?), n. [As. box, L. buxus, fr. Gr. ?. See Box a case.] (Bot.) A tree or shrub, flourishing in different parts of the world. The common box (Buxus sempervirens) has two varieties, one of which, the dwaft box (B.suffruticosa), is much used for borders in gardens. The wood of the tree varieties, being very hard and smooth, is extensively used in the arts, as by turners, engravers, mathematical instrument makers, etc. Box elder, the ashÐleaved maple (Negundo aceroides), of North America. Ð Box holly, the butcher's broom (Russus aculeatus). Ð Box thorn, a shrub (Lycium barbarum). Ð Box tree, the tree variety of the common box. Box, n.pl. Boxes (?) [As. box a small case or vessel with a cover; akin to OHG. buhsa box, G. bchse; fr. L. buxus boxwood, anything made of boxwood. See Pyx, and cf. Box a tree, Bushel.] 1. A receptacle or case of any firm material and of various shapes. 2. The quantity that a box contain. 3. A space with a few seats partitioned off in a theater, or other place of public amusement. Laughed at by the pit, box, galleries, nay, stage. Dorset. The boxes and the pit are sovereign judges. Dryden. 4. A chest or any receptacle for the deposit of money; as, a poor box; a contribution box. Yet since his neighbors give, the churl unlocks, Damning the poor, his trippleÐbolted box. J.Warton. 5. A small country house. ½A shooting box.¸ Wilson. Tight boxes neatly sashed. Cowper. 6. A boxlike shed for shelter; as, a sentry box. 7. (Mach) (a) An axle box, journal box, journal bearing, or bushing. (b) A chamber or section of tube in which a valve works; the bucket of a lifting pump. 8. The driver's seat on a carriage or coach. 9. A present in a box; a present; esp. a Christmas box or gift. ½A Christmas box.¸ Dickens. 10. (Baseball) The square in which the pitcher stands. 11. (Zo”l.) A Mediterranean food fish; the bogue. µ Box is much used adjectively or in composition; as box lid, box maker, box circle, etc.; also with modifying substantives; as money box, letter box, bandbox, hatbox or hat box, snuff box or snuffbox. Box beam (Arch.), a beam made of metal plates so as to have the form of a long box. Ð Box car (Railroads), a freight car covered with a roof and inclosed on the sides to protect its contents. Ð Box chronometer, a ship's chronometer, mounted in gimbals, to preserve its proper position. Ð Box coat, a thick overcoat for driving; sometimes with a heavy cape to carry off the rain. Ð Box coupling, a metal collar uniting the ends of shafts or other parts in machinery. Ð Box crab (Zo”l.), a crab of the genus Calappa, which, when at rest with the legs retracted, resembles a box. Ð Box drain (Arch.), a drain constructed with upright sides, and with flat top and bottom. Ð Box girder (Arch.), a box beam. Ð Box groove (Metal Working), a closed groove between two rolls, formed by a collar on one roll fitting between collars on another. R.W.Raymond. Ð Box metal, an alloy of copper and tin, or of zinc, lead, and antimony, for the bearings of journals, etc. Ð Box plait, a plait that doubles both to the rigth and the left. Ð Box turtle or Box tortoise (Zo”l.), a land tortoise or turtle of the genera Cistudo and Emys; Ð so named because it can withdraw entirely within its shell, which can be closed by hinged joints in the lower shell. Also, humorously, an exceedingly reticent person. Emerson. Ð In a box, in a perplexity or an embarrassing position; in difficulty. (Colloq.) Ð In the wrong box, out of one's place; out of one's element; awkwardly situated. (Colloq.) Ridley (1554)? Box, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Boxed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Boxing.] 1. To inclose in a box. 2. To furnish with boxes, as a wheel. 3. (Arch.) To inclose with boarding, lathing, etc., so as to bring to a required form. To box a tree, to make an incision or hole in a tree for the purpose of procuring the sap. Ð To box off, to divide into tight compartments. Ð To box up. (a) To put into a box in order to save; as, he had boxed up twelve score pounds. (b) To confine; as, to be boxed up in narrow quarters. Box, n. [Cf.Dan. baske to slap, bask slap, blow. Cf. Pash.] A blow on the head or ear with the hand. A goodÐhumored box on the ear. W.Irving. Box, v.i. To fight with the fist; to combat with, or as with, the hand or fist; to spar. Box, v.t. To strike with the hand or fist, especially to strike on the ear, or on the side of the head. Box, v.t. [Cf.Sp. boxar, now spelt bojar.] To boxhaul. To box off (Naut.), to turn the head of a vessel either way by bracing the headyards aback. Ð To box the compass (Naut.), to name the thirtyÐtwo points of the compass in their order. Box¶ber·ry (?), n. (Bot.) The wintergreern. (Gaultheria procumbens). [Local, U.S.]

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Box¶en (?), a. Made of boxwood; pertaining to, or resembling, the box (Buxus). [R.] The faded hue of sapless boxen leaves. Dryden. Box¶er (?),n. One who packs boxes. Box¶er ,n. One who boxes; a pugilist. Box¶fish·ÿ(?), n. (Zo”l.) The trunkfish. Box¶haul· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boxhauled (?).] (Naut.) To put (a vessel) on the other tack by veering her short round on her heel; Ð so called from the circumstance of bracing the head yards abox (i. e., sharp aback, on the wind). Totten. Box¶haul·ing, n. (Naut.) A method of going from one tack to another. See Boxhaul. Box¶ing, n. 1. The act of inclosing (anything) in a box, as for storage or transportation. 2. Material used in making boxes or casings. 3. Any boxlike inclosure or recess; a casing. 4. (Arch.) The external case of thin material used to bring any member to a required form. Box¶ing, n. The act of fighting with the fist; a combat with the fist; sparring. Blackstone. Boxing glove, a large padded mitten or glove used in sparring for exercise or amusement. Box¶Ði·ronÿ(?), n. A hollow smoothing iron containing a heater within. Box¶keep·er (?), n. An attendant at a theater who has charge of the boxes. Box¶thorn· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Lycium, esp. Lycium barbarum. Box¶wood· (?), n. The wood of the box (Buxus). Boy (?), n. [Cf. D. boef, Fries. boi, boy; akin to G. bube, Icel. bofi rouge.] A male child, from birth to the age of puberty; a lad; hence, a son. My only boy fell by the side of great Dundee. Sir W. Scott. µBoy is often used as a term of comradeship, as in college, or in the army or navy. In the plural used colloquially of members of an assosiaton, fraternity, or party. Boy bishop, a boy (usually a chorister) elected bishop, in old Christian sports, and invested with robes and other insignia. He practiced a kind of mimicry of the ceremonies in which the bishop usually officiated. The Old Boy, the Devil. [Slang] Ð Yellow boys, guineas. [Slang, Eng.] Ð Boy's love, a popular English name of Southernwood (Artemisia abrotonum);) Ð called also lad's love. Ð Boy's play, childish amusements; anything trifling. Boy, v. t. To act as a boy; Ð in allusion to the former practice of boys acting women's parts on the stage. I shall see Some squeaking Cleopatra boy my greatness. Shak. BoÐyar¶ (?), BoÐyard¶ (?), n. [Russ. boi rin'.] A member of a Russian aristocratic order abolished by Peter the Great. Also, one of a privileged class in Roumania. µ English writers sometimes call Russian landed proprietors boyars. Ø Boy¶au (?), n.; pl. Boyaux or Boyaus (?). [F. boyau gut, a long and narrow place, and (of trenches) a branch. See Bowel.] (Fort.) A winding or zigzag trench forming a path or communication from one siegework to another, to a magazine, etc. Boy¶cott· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boycotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Boycotting.] [From Captain Boycott, a land agent in Mayo, Ireland, so treated in 1880.] To combine against (a landlord, tradesman, employer, or other person), to withhold social or business relations from him, and to deter other from holding such relations; to subject to a boycott. Boy¶cott, n. The process, fact, or pressure of boycotting; a combining to withhold or prevent dealing or social intercourse with a tradesman, employer, etc.; social and business interdiction for the purpose of coercion. Boy¶cott·er (?), n. A participant in boycotting. Boy¶cottÐism (?), n. Methods of boycotters. Boy¶deÐkin (?), n. A dagger; a bodkin. [Obs.] Boy¶er (?), n. [D. boeijer; Ð so called because these vessels were employed for laying the boeijen, or buoys: cf. F. boyer. See Buoy.] (Naut.) A Flemish sloop with a castle at each end. Sir W. Raleigh. Boy¶hood (?), n. [Boy + Ðhood.] The state of being a boy; the time during which one is a boy. Hood. Boy¶ish, a. Resembling a boy in a manners or opinions; belonging to a boy; childish; trifling; puerile. A boyish, odd conceit. Baillie. Boy¶ishÐly, adv. In a boyish manner; like a boy. Boy¶ishÐness, n. The manners or behavior of a boy. Boy¶ism (?), n 1. Boyhood. [Obs.] T.Warton. 2. The nature of a boy; childishness. Dryden. Boyle's¶ law·ÿ(?). See under Law. Ø Bo¶za (?), n. [See Bosa.] An acidulated fermented drink of the Arabs and Egyptians, made from millet seed and various astringent substances; also, an intoxicating beverage made from hemp seed, darnel meal, and water. [Written also bosa, bozah, bouza.] BraÐbant¶ine (?), a. Pertaining to Brabant, an ancient province of the Netherlands. Brab¶ble (?), v.i. [D. brabbelen to talk confusedly. ?95. Cf. Blab, Babble.] To clamor; to contest noisily. [R.] Brab¶ble, n. A broil; a noisy contest; a wrangle. This petty brabble will undo us all. Shak. Brab¶bleÐment (?), n. A brabble. [r.] Holland. Brab¶blerÿ3, n. A clamorous, quarrelsome, noisy fellow; a wrangler. Shak. Brac¶cate (?), a.[L. bracatus wearing breeches, fr. bracae breeches.] (Zo”l.) Furnished with feathers which conceal the feet. Brace (?), n. [OF. brace, brasse, the two arms, embrace, fathom, F. brasse fathom, fr. L. bracchia the arms (stretched out), pl. of bracchium arm; cf. Gr. ?.] 1. That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop. 2. A cord, ligament, or rod, for producing or maintaining tension, as a cord on the side of a drum. The little bones of the ear drum do in straining and relaxing it as the braces of the war drum do in that. Derham. 3. The state of being braced or tight; tension. The laxness of the tympanum, when it has lost its brace or tension. Holder. 4. (Arch. & Engin.) A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell. 5. (Print.) A vertical curved line connecting two or more words or lines, which are to be taken together; thus, boll, bowl; or, in music, used to connect staves. 6. (Naut.) A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon. 7. (Mech.) A curved instrument or handle of iron or wood, for holding and turning bits, etc.; a bitstock. 8. A pair; a couple; as, a brace of ducks; now rarely applied to persons, except familiarly or with some contempt. ½A brace of greyhounds.¸ Shak. He is said to have shot...fifty brace of pheasants. Addison. A brace of brethren, both bishops, both eminent for learning and religion, now appeared in the church. Fuller. But you, my brace of lords. Shak. 9. pl. Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders. I embroidered for you a beautiful pair of braces. Thackeray. 10. Harness; warlike preparation. [Obs.] For that it stands not in such warlike brace. Shak. 11. Armor for the arm; vantbrace. 12. (Mining) The mouth of a shaft. [Cornwall] Angle brace. See under Angle. Braceÿ(?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Braced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bracing.] 1. To furnish with braces; to support; to prop; as, to brace a beam in a building. 2. To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen; as, to brace the nerves. And welcome war to brace her drums. Campbell. 3. To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly. The women of China, by bracing and binding them from their infancy, have very little feet. Locke. Some who spurs had first braced on. Sir W. Scott. 4. To place in a position for resisting pressure; to hold firmly; as, he braced himself against the crowd. A sturdy lance in his right hand he braced. Fairfax. 5. (Naut.) To move around by means of braces; as, to brace the yards. To brace about (Naut.), to turn (a yard) round for the contrary tack. ÐTo brace a yard (Naut.), to move it horizontally by means of a brace. Ð To brace in (Naut.), to turn (a yard) by hauling in the weather brace. Ð To brace one's self, to call up one's energies. ½He braced himself for an effort which he was little able to make.¸ J.D.Forbes.Ð To brace to (Naut.), to turn (a yard) by checking or easing off the lee brace, and hauling in the weather one, to assist in tacking. Ð To brace up (Naut.), to bring (a yard) nearer the direction of the keel by hauling in the lee brace. Ð To brace up sharp (Naut.), to turn (a yard) as far forward as the rigging will permit. Brace, v.i. To get tone or vigor; to rouse one's energies; Ðwith up. [Colloq.] Brace¶let (?), n. [F. bracelet, dim. of OF. bracel armlet, prop. little arm, dim. of bras arm, fr. L. bracchium. See Brace,n.] 1. An ornamental band or ring, for the wrist or the arm; in modern times, an ornament encircling the wrist, worn by women or girls. 2. A piece of defensive armor for the arm. Johnson. Bra¶cer (?), n. 1. That which braces, binds, or makes firm; a band or bandage. 2. A covering to protect the arm of the bowman from the vibration of the string; also, a brassart. Chaucer. 3. A medicine, as an astringent or a tonic, which gives tension or tone to any part of the body. Johnson. Brach (?), n. [OE. brache a kind of scenting hound or setting dog, OF. brache, ? braque, fr. OHG. braccho, G. bracke; possibly akin to E. fragrant, fr. L. fragrare to smell.] A bitch of the hound kind. Shak. Ø BrachÐel¶yÐtra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (?) short + ? a covering.] (Zo”l.) A group of beetles having short elytra, as the rove beetles. ØBrach¶iÐa (?), n. pl. See Brachium. Brach¶iÐal (?) or (?), a. [L. brachialis (bracchÐ), from bracchium (bracchÐ) arm: cf. F. brachial.] 1. (Anat.) Pertaining or belonging to the arm; as, the brachial artery; the brachial nerve. 2. Of the nature of an arm; resembling an arm. Ø Brach·iÐa¶ta (?), n. pl. [See Brachiate.] (Zo”l.) A division of the Crinoidea, including those furnished with long jointed arms. See Crinoidea. Brach¶iÐateÿ(?), a. [L. brachiatus (bracchÐ) with boughs or branches like arms, from brackium (bracchÐ) arm.] (Bot.) Having branches in pairs, decussated, all nearly horizontal, and each pair at right angles with the next, as in the maple and lilac. Brach·iÐog¶aÐnoid (?), n. One of the Brachioganoidei. Ø Brach·iÐoÐgaÐnoid¶eÐi (?), n. pl.[NL., from L. brachium (bracchÐ) arm + NL. ganoidei.] (Zo”l.) An order of ganoid fishes of which the bichir of Africa is a living example. See Crossopterygii. Ø Brach·iÐoÐla¶riÐaÿ(?), n. pl. [ NL., fr. L. brachiolum (bracchÐ), dim. of brachium (bracchÐ) arm.] (Zo”l.) A peculiar early larval stage of certain starfishes, having a bilateral structure, and swimming by means of bands of vibrating cilia. Brach¶iÐoÐpodÿ(?), n. [Cf.F. brachiopode.] (Zo”l.) One of the Brachiopoda, or its shell. Ø Brach·iÐop¶oÐda (?), n. [NL., from Gr. ? arm + Ðpoda.] (Zo”l.) A class of Molluscoidea having a symmetrical bivalve shell, often attached by a fleshy peduncle. µ Within the shell is a pair of ½arms,¸ often long and spirally coiled, bearing rows of ciliated tentacles by which a current of water is made to flow into the mantle cavity, bringing the microscopic food to the mouth between the bases of the arms. The shell is both opened and closed by special muscles. They form two orders; Lyopoma, in which the shell is thin, and without a distinct hinge, as in Lingula; and Arthropoma, in which the firm calcareous shell has a regular hinge, as in Rhynchonella. See Arthropomata. Ø Brach¶iÐum (?), n.; pl. Bracchiaÿ(?). [L. brachium or bracchium, arm.] (Anat.) The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb between the shoulder and the elbow. Brach¶manÿ(?), n. [L. Brachmanae, pl., Gr. ?.] See Brahman. [Obs.] Brach·yÐcat·aÐlec¶ticÿ(?), n. [Gr. ?; ? short + ? to leave off; cf. ? incomplete.] (Gr.& Last. Pros.) A verse wanting two syllables at its termination. Brach·yÐceÐphal¶ic (?), Brach·yÐceph¶aÐlous (?)}, a. [Gr. ? short + ? head.] (Anat.) Having the skull short in proportion to its breadth; shortheaded; Ð in distinction from dolichocephalic. Brach·yÐceph¶aÐly (?), Brach·yÐceph¶aÐlism (?)}, n. [Cf. F. Brachyc‚phalie]. (Anat.) The state or condition of being brachycephalic; shortness of head. BraÐchyc¶erÐal (?), a. [Gr. ? short + ? horn.] (Zo”l.) Having short antenn‘, as certain insects. Brach·yÐdiÐag¶oÐnal (?), a. [Gr. ? short + E. diagonal.] Pertaining to the shorter diagonal, as of a rhombic prism. Brachydiagonal axis, the shorter lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal. Brach·yÐdiÐag¶oÐnal, n. The shorter of the diagonals in a rhombic prism. Brach·yÐdomeÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? short + E. dome.] (Crystallog.) A dome parallel to the shorter lateral axis. See Dome. BraÐchyg¶raÐpher (?), n. A writer in short hand; a stenographer. He asked the brachygrapher whether he wrote the notes of the sermon. Gayton. BraÐchyg¶raÐphyÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? short + Ðgraphy: cf. F. brachygraphie.] Stenograhy. B.Jonson. BraÐchyl¶oÐgyÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? :? short + ? discourse: cf. F. brachylogie.] ( Rhet.) Conciseness of expression; brevity. Brach·yÐpin¶aÐcoid (?), n. [Gr. ? short + E. pinacoid.] (Crytallog.) A plane of an orthorhombic crystal which is parallel both to the vertical axis and to the shorter lateral (brachydiagonal) axis. Ø BraÐchyp¶teÐraÿ(?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? shortÐwinged; short + ? feather, wing.] (Zo”l.) A group of Coleoptera having short wings; the rove beetles. Ø BraÐchyp¶teÐres (?), n.pl. [NL. See Brachyptera. ] (Zo”l.) A group of birds, including auks, divers, and penguins. BraÐchyp¶terÐous (?), a. [Gr. ? :cf. F. brachyptŠre.] (Zo”l.) Having short wings. BraÐchys¶toÐchrone (?), n. [Incorrect for brachistochrone, fr. Gr. ? shortest (superl. of ? short) + ? time : cf. F. brachistochrone. ] (Math.) A curve, in which a body, starting from a given point, and descending solely by the force of gravity, will reach another given point in a shorter time than it could by any other path. This curve of quickest descent, as it is sometimes called, is, in a vacuum, the same as the cycloid. Brach¶yÐty·pous (?), a. [Gr. ? short + ? stamp, form.] (Min.) Of a short form. Ø Brach·yÐu¶raÿ(?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? short + ? tail.] (Zo”l.) A group of decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs, characterized by a small and short abdomen, which is bent up beneath the large cephaloÐthorax. [Also spelt Brachyoura.] See Crab, and Illustration in Appendix. Brach·yÐu¶ralÿ(?), Brach·yÐu¶rous (?)}, a. [Cf. F. brachyure.] (Zo”l.) Of or pertaining to the Brachyura. Brach·yÐu¶ran (?), n. One of the Brachyura. Bra¶cing (?), a. Imparting strength or tone; strengthening; invigorating; as, a bracing north wind. Bra¶cing (?), n. 1. The act of strengthening, supporting, or propping, with a brace or braces; the state of being braced. 2. (Engin.) Any system of braces; braces, collectively; as, the bracing of a truss.

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Brack (?), n. [Cf.D. braak, Dan. br‘k, a breaking, Sw. & Isel. brak a crackling, creaking. Cf. Breach.] An opening caused by the parting of any solid body; a crack or breach; a flaw. Stain or brack in her sweet reputation. J.Fletcher. Brack, n. [D. brak, adj., salt; cf. LG. wrak refuse, G. brack.] Salt or brackish water. [Obs.] Drayton. Brack¶en (?), n. [OE. braken, AS. bracce. See 2d Brake, n.] A brake or fern. Sir W.Scott. Brack¶et (?), n. [Cf.OF. braguette codpiece, F. brayette, Sp. bragueta, also a projecting mold in architecture; dim. fr.L. bracae breeches; cf. also, OF. bracon beam, prop, support; of unknown origin. Cf. Breeches.] 1. (Arch.) An architectural member, plain or ornamental, projecting from a wall or pier, to support weight falling outside of the same; also, a decorative feature seeming to discharge such an office. µ This is the more general word. See Brace, Cantalever, Console, Corbel, Strut. 2. (Engin. & Mech.) A piece or combination of pieces, usually triangular in general shape, projecting from, or fastened to, a wall, or other surface, to support heavy bodies or to strengthen angles. 3. (Naut.) A shot, crooked timber, resembling a knee, used as a support. 4. (Mil.) The cheek or side of an ordnance carriage. 5. (Print.) One of two characters [ ]?, used to inclose a reference, explanation, or note, or a part to be excluded from a sentence, to indicate an interpolation, to rectify a mistake, or to supply an omission, and for certain other purposes; Ð called also crotchet. 6. A gas fixture or lamp holder projecting from the face of a wall, column, or the like. Bracket light, a gas fixture or a lamp attached to a wall, column, etc. Brack¶et, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bracketed; p.pr. & vb.n. Bracketing] To place within brackets; to connect by brackets; to furnish with brackets. Brack¶etÏing, n. (Arch.) A series or group of brackets; brackets, collectively. Brack¶ish (?), a. [See Brack salt water.] Saltish, or salt in a moderate degree, as water in saline soil. Springs in deserts found seem sweet, all brackish though they be. Byron. Brack¶ishÏness, n. The quality or state of being brackish, or somewhat salt. Brack¶y (?), a. Brackish. Drayton. Bract (?), n. [See Bractea.] (Bot.) (a) A leaf, usually smaller than the true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises. (b) Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or at the base of a flower. µ Bracts are often inconspicuous, but sometimes large and showy, or highly colored, as in many cactaceous plants. The spathes of aroid plants are conspicuous forms of bracts. ØBrac¶teÏa (?), n. [L., a thin plate of metal or wood, gold foil.] (Bot.) A bract. Brac¶teÏal (?), a. [Cf.F. bract‚al.] Having the nature or appearance of a bract. Brac¶teÏate (?), a. [Cf.L. bracteatus covered with gold plate.] (Bot.) Having a bract or bracts. Bract¶ed (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with bracts. Brac¶teÏoÏlate (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with bracteoles or bractlets. Brac¶teÏole (?), n. [L. bracteola, dim. of bractea. See Bractea.] (Bot.) Same as Bractlet. Bract¶less, a. (Bot.) Destitute of bracts. Bract¶let (?), n. [Bract + Ðlet] (Bot.) A bract on the stalk of a single flower, which is itself on a main stalk that support several flowers. Gray. Brad (?), n. [Cf.OE. brod, Dan. braad prick, sting, brodde ice spur, frost nail, Sw. brodd frost nail, Icel. broddr any pointed piece of iron or stell; akin to AS. brord point, spire of grass, and perh. to E. bristle. See Bristle, n.] A thin nail, usually small, with a slight projection at the top on one side instead of a head; also, a small wire nail, with a flat circular head; sometimes, a small, tapering, squareÐbodied finishing nail, with a countersunk head. Brad¶ awl· (?). A straight awl with chisel edge, used to make holes for brads, etc. Weale. BraÏdoon¶ (?), n. Same as Bridoon. ØBrae (?), n. [See Bray a hill.] A hillside; a slope; a bank; a hill. [Scot.] Burns. Brag (?), v.i. [imp. & p. p. Bragged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bragging.] [OE. braggen to resound, blow, boast (cf. F. braguer to lead a merry life, flaunt, boast, OF. brague merriment), from Icel. braka to creak, brak noise, fr. the same root as E. break; properly then, to make a noise, boast. ?95.] To talk about one's self, or things pertaining to one's self, in a manner intended to excite admiration, envy, or wonder; to talk boastfully; to boast; Ð often followed by of; as, to brag of one's exploits, courage, or money, or of the great things one intends to do. Coinceit, more rich in matter than in words, Brags of his substance, not of ornament. Shak. Syn. Ð To swagger; boast; vapor; bluster; vaunt; flourish; talk big. Brag, v.t. To boast of. [Obs.] Shak. Brag, n. 1. A boast or boasting; bragging; ostentatious pretense or self glorification. C‘sar ... made not here his brag Of ½came,¸ and ½saw,¸ and ½overcame.¸ Shak. 2. The thing which is boasted of. Beauty is Nature's brag. Milton. 3. A game at cards similar to bluff. Chesterfield. Brag (?), a. [See Brag, v.i.] Brisk; full of spirits; boasting; pretentious; conceited. [Arhaic] A brag young fellow. B.Jonson. Brag, adv. Proudly; boastfully. [Obs.] Fuller. Brag·gaÏdo¶cio (?), n. [From Braggadocchio, a boastful character in Spenser's ½Fa‰rie Queene.¸] 1. A braggart; a boaster; a swaggerer. Dryden. 2. Empty boasting; mere brag; pretension. Brag¶gardÏism (?), n. [See Braggart.] Boastfulness; act of bragging. Shak. Brag¶gart (?), n. [OF. bragard flaunting, vain, bragging. See Brag, v.i.] A boaster. O, I could play the woman with mine eyes, And braggart with my tongue. Shak. Brag¶gart, a. Boastful.Ð Brag¶gartÏly, adv. Brag¶ger (?), n. One who brags; a boaster. Brag¶get (?), n. [OE. braket, bragot, fr. W. bragawd, bragod, fr. brag malt.] A liquor made of ale and honey fermented, with spices, etc. [Obs.] B.Jonson.