Volume I. the History of These Stones Is Revealed in the Following

correspondence:

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, COUNCIL CHAMBER, BOSTON, March 15, 1861. To the Honorable House of Representatives:

I have the honor to present to the General Court, as a gift to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts from one of its citizens, certain memorials of great historic interest.

The home and resting-place of the ancestors of GEORGE WASHINGTON were until recently unvisited by and unknown to Americans. In the genealogical table appended to the "Life of Washington" by our distinguished fellow-citizen, Mr. Jared Sparks, it is stated that Lawrence Washington, the father of John Washington (who emigrated to Virginia in 1657), was buried at Brington; but though both Mr. Sparks and Washington Irving visited Sulgrave, an earlier home of the Washingtons, neither of these learned biographers appear by their works to have repaired to this quiet parish in Northamptonshire.

Our fellow-citizen, the Honorable Charles Sumner, on a recent visit to England, identified certain inscriptions in the parish church of Brington, near Althorp, as being those of the father and uncle of John Washington, the emigrant to Virginia, who was the great-grandfather of the Father of his Country.

Earl Spencer, the proprietor of Althorp, so honorably known as an early advocate of parliamentary reform, sought out the quarry from which, more than two centuries ago, these votive tablets were taken, and caused others to be made which are exact facsimiles of the originals. These he has presented to Mr. Sumner, who has expressed the desire that memorials so interesting to all Americans may be placed where they may be seen by the public, and has authorized me to offer them to the Commonwealth, if it be the pleasure of the Legislature to order them to be preserved in some public part of the State House.

I send with this a letter addressed to myself by the learned historian of Washington, bearing testimony to the great interest of these memorials, and expressing the desire that they may (Mr. Sumner assenting) be placed in the Capitol.

A letter from Mr. Sumner to Mr. Sparks also accompanies this Message, describing the church at Brington, and some of the associations which cluster around the resting-place of the ancestors of our Washington.

JOHN A. ANDREW.

* * * * *

MR. SPARKS TO THE GOVERNOR.

CAMBRIDGE, February 22, 1861.

DEAR SIR: I enclose a copy of a highly interesting letter from Mr. Charles Sumner, describing the church at Brington, near Althorp, in Northamptonshire. In this church were deposited the remains of Lawrence Washington, who was the father of John and Lawrence Washington, the emigrants to America, and who was therefore the last English ancestor of George Washington. A copy of the inscription on the stone which covers the grave of Lawrence Washington, and also of another inscription over the grave of his brother Robert Washington, who was buried in the same church, are given with exactness in Mr. Sumner's letter. As far as I am aware, these inscriptions are now for the first time made known in this country.

The Earl Spencer has sent to Mr. Sumner two stones, being from the same quarry, and having the same form and dimensions as the originals, and containing a facsimile of the inscriptions. It has been suggested that these stones ought to be placed in the State House, where they may be accessible to the public, and my opinion on the subject has been asked. As they are unquestionably genuine memorials of the Washington family, and possess on this account a singular historical interest, I cannot imagine that a more appropriate disposition of them could be made. I understand that Mr. Sumner would cheerfully assent to such an arrangement, and I cannot doubt that your Excellency will be well inclined to take such measures as may effectually aid in attaining so desirable an object.

I am, Sir, Very respectfully yours,

JARED SPARKS. His Excellency John A. Andrew, Governor of Massachusetts.

* * * * *

MR. SUMNER TO MR. SPARKS.

BOSTON, November 22, 1860.

MY DEAR SIR: Since our last conversation, the Earl Spencer has kindly sent to me precise copies of the two "Memorial Stones" of the English family of George Washington, which I have already described to you as harmonizing exactly with the pedigree which has the sanction of your authority. These are of the same stone and of the same size with the originals, and have the original inscriptions--being in all respects facsimiles. They will, therefore, give you an exact idea of these most interesting memorials in the parish church of Brington, near Althorp, in Northamptonshire.

The largest is of Lawrence Washington, the father of John Washington, who emigrated to America. It is a slab of bluish-gray sandstone, and measures five feet and nine inches long, and two feet and seven inches broad. Here is the inscription:

HERE LIETH THE BODI OF LAVRENCE WASHINGTON SONNE AND HEIRE OF ROBERT WASHINGTON OF SOVLGRAVE IN THE COUNTIE OF NORTHAMPTON ESQUIER WHO MARRIED MARGARET THE ELDEST DAUGHTER OF WILLIAM BUTLER OF TEES IN THE COUNTIE OF SUSSEXE ESQUIER, WHO HAD ISSU BY HER 8 SONNS AND 9 DAUGHTERS WHICH LAVRENCE DECESSED THE 13 OF DECEMBER A. DNI 1616.

THOU THAT BY CHANCE OR CHOYCE OF THIS HAST SIGHT KNOW LIFE TO DEATH RESIGNES AS DAYE TO NIGHT; BUT AS THE SUNNS RETORNE REVIVES THE DAY SO CHRIST SHALL US THOUGH TURNDE TO DUST & CLAY.

Above the inscription, carved in the stone, are the arms of the Washingtons, with an additional quartering of another family.

The other is of Robert Washington, and of Elizabeth his wife. Robert was the uncle of the emigrant. This is a slab of the same sandstone, and measures three feet and five inches long, and two feet and six inches broad. The inscription is on a small brass plate set into the stone, and is as follows:

HERE LIES INTERRED Y^E BODIES OF ELIZAB. WASHINGTON WIDDOWE WHO CHANGED THIS LIFE FOR IMORTALITIE Y^E 19^TH OF MARCH 1622. AS ALSO Y^E BODY OF ROBERT WASHINGTON GENT. HER LATE HUSBAND SECOND SONNE OF ROBERT WASHINGTON OF SOLGRAVE IN Y^E COUNTY OF NORTH. ESQ^R. WHO DEPTED THIS LIFE Y^E 10^TH OF MARCH 1622. AFTER THEY LIVED LOVINGLY TOGETHER MANY YEARS IN THIS PARISH.

On a separate brass, beneath the inscription, are the arms of the Washingtons without any addition. These, as you are well aware, have the combination of stars and stripes, and are sometimes supposed to have suggested our national flag. In heraldic language, there are bars of gules and argent, with three mullets, or stars.

THOV·THAT·BY·CHANCE·OR·CHOYCE OF·THIS·HAST·SIGHT KNOW·LIFE·TO·DEATH·RESIGNES AS·DAYE·TO·NIGHT BVT·AS·THE·SVNNS·RETORNE REVIVES·THE·DAYE SO·CHRIST·SHALL·VS THOVGH·TVRNDE·TO·DVST·&·CLAY]

In the interesting chapter on the "Origin and Genealogy of the Washington Family," which you give in the Appendix to your "Life of Washington," it appears that Lawrence, the father of the emigrant, died 13th December, and was buried at Brington, 15th December, 1616. But the genealogical tables, which you followed, gave no indication of the locality of this church. Had it appeared that it was the parish church of the Spencer family in Northamptonshire, the locality, which I believe has not been heretofore known in our country, would have been precisely fixed.

In point of fact, the slab which covers Lawrence Washington is in the chancel of the church, by the side of the monuments of the Spencer family. These are all in admirable preservation, with full-length effigies, busts, or other sculptural work, and exhibit an interesting and connected series of sepulchral memorials from the reign of Henry VIII. to the present time. Among them is a monument of the early English sculptor, Nicholas Stone; another from Nollekins from a design by Cipriani, and another by Flaxman, with exquisitely beautiful personifications of Faith and Charity. Beneath repose the successive representatives of this illustrious family, which has added to its aristocratic claims by services to the state, and also by the unique and world-famous library collected by one of its members. In this companionship will be found the last English ancestor of our Washington.

The other slab, covering Robert, the uncle of the emigrant, is in one of the aisles of the nave, where it is scraped by the feet of all who pass.

The parish of Brington is between seven and eight miles from the town of Northampton, not far from the centre of England. It is written in Domesday Book "Brinintone" and also "Brintone." It contains about 2,210 acres, of which about 1,490 acres belong to Earl Spencer, about 326 acres to the rector in right of the church, and about 130 acres to other persons. The soil is in general a dark-colored loam, with a small trace of clay towards the north. Nearly four-fifths of the whole is pasture and feeding land.

In the village still stands the house said to have been occupied by the Washingtons when the emigrant brother left them. You will see a vignette of it on the title-page of the recent English work entitled "The Washingtons." Over the door are carved the words, "The Lord giveth; the Lord taketh away. Blessed be the name of the Lord;" while the Parish Register gives a pathetic commentary by showing that, in the very year when this house was built, a child had been born and another had died in this family.

The church, originally dedicated to the Virgin, stands at the northeast angle of the village, and consists of an embattled tower with five bells, a nave, north and south aisles, a chancel, a chapel, and a modern porch; the tower is flanked by buttresses of two stages. The present fabric goes back in its origin to the beginning of the 14th century, nearly two hundred years before the discovery of America. The chancel and chapel, where repose the Spencers and Lawrence Washington, were rebuilt by Sir John Spencer, the purchaser of the estate, at the beginning of the 16th century. They afford one of the latest specimens of the Tudor style of architecture. The church is beautifully situated on the summit of the highest ground of Brington, and is surrounded by a stone wall flanked on the inside by trees. Dibdin says that a more complete picture of a country churchyard is rarely seen. A well-trimmed walk encircles the whole of the interior, while the fine Gothic windows at the end of the chancel fill the scene with picturesque beauty.

The Register of the Parish, which is still preserved, commences in 1560. From this it appears that Wm. Proctor was the rector from 1601 to 1627, covering the period of the last of the Washingtons there. The following further entries occur relating to this family:

1616. "Mr. Lawrence Washington was buried XVth day of December."

1620. "Mr. Philip Curtis & Mis Amy Washington were married August 8."

1622. "Mr. Robert Washington was buried March ye 11th."

---- "Mrs. Elizabeth Washington, widow, was buried March ye 20th."

Of one of the ministers in this church we have an interesting glimpse in Evelyn's "Memoirs" (vol. i. p. 612), where the following entry will be found, under date of July, 1688: "Dr. Jeffreys, the minister of Althorp, who was my lord's chaplain when Embassador in France, preached the shortest discourse I ever heard; but what was defective in the amplitude of his sermon, he had supplied in the largeness and convenience of the parsonage-house."

At a short distance--less than a mile--is Althorp, the seat of the Spencers, surrounded by a park of five hundred acres, of which one of the gates opens near the church. There are oak-trees bordering on the churchyard, which were growing at the time of the purchase of the estate in the reign of Henry VII. Evelyn was often here a delighted visitor. On one occasion he speaks of "the house or rather palace at Althorp" (vol. i. p. 612). In another place he describes it as "placed in a pretty open bottom, very finely watered, and flanked with stately woods and groves in a park" (vol. i. p. 451). Let me add that there is an engraving of Althorp at this time, by the younger Vosterman, a Dutch artist.

There is one feature of the park which excited the admiration of Evelyn, and at a later day of Mrs. Jameson, who gives to it some beautiful pages in her "Visits and Sketches at Home and Abroad." It is the record of the time when different plantations of trees was begun. While recommending this practice in his "Sylva," Evelyn remarks, "The only instance I know of the like in our country, is in the park at Althorp." There are six of these commemorative stones. The first records a wood planted by Sir John Spencer, in 1567 and 1568; the second, a wood planted by Sir John Spencer, son of the former, in 1589; the third, a wood planted by Robert, Lord Spencer, in 1602 and 1603; the fourth, a wood planted by Sir William Spencer, Knight of the Bath, afterwards Lord Spencer, in 1624. The latter stone is ornamented with the arms of the Spencers, and on the back is inscribed, "Up and bee doing, and God will prosper." It was in this scenery and amidst these associations that the Washingtons lived. When the emigrant left in 1657, these woods must have been well-grown. It was not long afterwards that they arrested the attention of Evelyn.

The Household Books at Althorp show that for many years the Washingtons were frequent guests there. The hospitality of this seat has been renowned. The Queen of James I. and the Prince Henry, on their way to London, in 1603, were welcomed there in an entertainment, memorable for a masque from the vigorous muse of Ben Jonson (Ben Jonson's Works, vol. vi. p. 475). Charles I. was at Althorp, in 1647, when he received the first intelligence of the approach of those pursuers from whom he never escaped until his life had been laid down upon the scaffold. In 1698, King William was there for a week, and, according to Evelyn, was "mightily entertained" (vol. ii. p. 50). At least one of the members of this family was famous for hospitality of a different character. Evelyn records that he used to dine with the Countess of Sunderland--the title then borne by the Spencers--"when she invited fire-eaters, stone-eaters, and opera-singers, after the fashion of the day" (vol. i. pp. 458, 483, 579).

The family was early and constantly associated with literature. Spencer, the poet, belonged to it, and to one of its members he has dedicated his "Tears of the Muses." It was for Alice Spencer that Milton is said to have written his "Arcades," and Sir John Harrington has celebrated her memory by an epigram. The Sacharissa of Waller was the Lady Dorothy Sidney, wife of the first Earl of Sunderland, the third Lord Spencer, who perished fighting for King Charles I. at Newbury. I do not dwell on the other associations of a later day, as my object is simply to allude to those which existed in the time of the Washingtons.

"The nobility of the Spencers has been illustrated and enriched by the trophies of Marlborough; but I exhort them to consider the 'Fairy Queen' as the most precious jewel of their coronet." Thus wrote Gibbon in his memoirs, and all must feel the beauty of the passage. Perhaps it is not too much to say that this nobility may claim another illustration from its ties of friendship and neighborhood with the family of Washington. It cannot doubt that hereafter the parish church of Brington will be often visited by our countrymen, who will look with reverence upon a spot so closely associated with American history.

I trust that this little sketch, suggested by what I saw at Althorp, during a brief visit last autumn, will not seem irrelevant. Besides my own personal impressions, and the volumes quoted, I have relied upon Dibdin's "Ædes Althorpianæ," so interesting to all bibliographical students, and especially upon Baker's "History of Northamptonshire"--one of those magnificent local works which illustrate English history--to which you refer in your Appendix, but which was not completed till some time after the "Life of Washington" appeared.

Of course, the Memorial Stones which I have received from Lord Spencer are of much historic value, and I think that I shall best carry out the generous idea of the giver by taking care that they are permanently placed where they can be seen by the public; perhaps at the State House, near Chantrey's beautiful statue of Washington--if this should be agreeable to the Commonwealth.

Pray pardon this long letter, and believe me, my dear Sir, with much regard,

Ever sincerely yours,

CHARLES SUMNER.

JARED SPARKS, Esq.

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, by its Representatives, thanked Mr. Sumner, and directed the Memorial Stones to be placed where they now are.

ANALYTICAL INDEX.

Abercrombie, Major-General, letter of Dinwiddie to, recommending Washington for promotion into the royal army, i. 216; on unity in the colonies, i. 230; dilatory movements of--haughtiness of, toward the provincials, i. 231; Lord Loudoun superseded by, in 1758, i. 252; his expedition against Ticonderoga and Crown Point, i. 262; cowardice of, at Ticonderoga, i. 265; Fort George erected by, i. 266; the calumniator of Americans in England, i. 267.

Academy, military, establishment of one urged on Congress by Washington, iii. 455; Washington's letter to Hamilton in relation to, iii. 549.

Acadia, early history of, i. 178; removal of the population of, i. 179.

Acadians, cruelties perpetrated by, on the English frontier settlers, i. 180.

Accounts of Washington, i. 307, 318, iii. 34.

Ackland, Lady, visit of, to the American camp at Bemis's heights, ii. 534; biographical notice of (note), ii. 535.

Ackland, Major, wounded at Hubbardton, ii. 467; death of, at Saratoga (note), ii. 535.

Adams, John, prediction of, in 1755, i. 70; extract from the Autobiography of (note), i. 432; his account of the choice, by Congress, of a commander-in-chief, i. 533; his admiration of Washington, i. 538; movements of Washington on the Schuylkill criticised by, ii. 516; treaty of peace signed by, in 1782, iii. 15; liberal commercial offer made by, to the British government, iii. 101; opinions of, on presidential etiquette, iii. 106; his "Discourses on Davila," iii. 188; elected vice-president in 1792, iii. 222; a candidate for the presidency in 1796, iii. 451; letters of, to his wife, on learning his election to the presidency, iii. 468; inauguration of, iii. 472; jealous of the popularity of Washington, iii. 475; special session of Congress convened by, in 1798, iii. 494; letter of, to Washington, anticipating war with France, iii. 509; advice of Washington to, respecting the choice of generals, iii. 511; Washington nominated by, as commander-in-chief, in 1798, iii. 512; inclination of, to reverse Washington's arrangement of the major-generals, iii. 522; anxiety of, to avert a war with France, iii. 528; feud between, and his cabinet, iii. 530; message of, to Congress, in relation to Mrs. Washington and funeral honors to her husband, iii. 565.

Adams, John Quincy, appointed minister to the Hague in 1794, iii. 301.

Adams, Mrs. John, lament of, for the death of Warren, i. 571; remarks of, on the personal appearance of Washington, i. 586; her description of the cannonade of Boston, ii. 63.

Adams, Samuel, integrity of, i. 345; active in throwing the tea overboard in Boston harbor, i. 388; noble sentiments expressed by, i. 437; outlawed by a proclamation of General Gage, i. 552; not concerned in Conway's Cabal (note), ii. 589; part taken by, in celebrating the French victories in Holland, iii. 237.

Addresses of the second continental Congress to the people of Great Britain and Ireland, i. 606, 610.

Address, Washington's Farewell, iii. 427.

Adet, M., colors of France presented to Washington by, iii. 385; reply of Washington to the speech of, iii. 386; attempts of, to influence the American people, iii. 451; extraordinary letter addressed by, to the Aurora and to the state department, iii. 452; pamphlet issued by, from the press of the Aurora, iii. 463.

Agriculture, Congress urged by Washington to foster, iii. 455.

Aix-la-Chapelle, boundaries in America left unsettled by the treaty of, i. 59; violation of the treaty of, by the French, i. 176.

Albany, congress of delegates from the colonies assembled at, in 1754, i. 127.

Alexandria, Washington stationed at, in 1754, i. 94; Washington introduced to the assembled governors at, in 1755, i. 145; bequest of Washington to the academy in, iii. 536; lots owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Algiers, attention of Congress called by Washington to relations with--Colonel Humphreys appointed to treat with the dey of, iii. 293; payment of tribute to, advocated in Congress in 1794, iii. 294; treaty adjusted with, in 1795, iii. 379.

Aliquippa, Queen, interview of Washington with, i. 91.

Allen, Colonel Ethan, expedition of, against Ticonderoga, i. 524; disappointed in his desire to invade Canada, i. 531; retreat of, from St. John on the Sorel, i. 647; letter of, to the provincial congress of New York, urging the invasion of Canada, i. 650; an outlaw by act of the New York legislature--admitted to the floor of the provincial congress of New York, i. 653; letter of thanks from, to the provincial congress of New York, i. 654; letter of, to Governor Trumbull, in relation to the invasion of Canada--disappointment of, at his rejection by the Green Mountain Boys, i. 658; remark of Montgomery respecting, i. 659; body of Canadians raised by--unauthorized attempt upon Montreal made by, i. 672; defeated and made prisoner, i. 673; brutal treatment of, by Prescott, i. 674; his letter of remonstrance to Prescott, i. 675; subsequent history of (note), i. 675; Schuyler and Washington on the insubordination of, i. 675, 676; letter of Washington to Howe, in relation to the harsh treatment of--lenient treatment of, in England, ii. 28.

"American Association," articles of, i. 441; the signers of (note), i. 445; the Quakers adverse to, i. 457; measures for the enforcement of, adopted in all the colonies in 1775, i. 464; popularity of, in New York, i. 515.

"American Continental Army" constituted, i. 531.

Ames, Fisher, letter of, in relation to the Congressional debates on Jay's treaty, iii. 393; speech of, in the house of representatives, on the subject of Jay's treaty, iii. 405; extracts from the speech of, iii. 405-416; powerful impression produced by the speech of, iii 416.

Amherst, Major-General Sir Jeffery, expedition of, against Louisburg, in 1758, i. 260; biographical notice of (note), i. 262; appointed to the chief command in America in 1759, i. 290; Ticonderoga taken possession of by, i. 292; fortifications built at Crown Point by, i. 292.

Ancestry of Washington traceable for six hundred years, i. 18.

Anderson, Captain Ephraim, fire-ships constructed by, ii. 236.

Anderson, James, Washington's farm manager, letter of Washington to, iii. 548.

André, Major John, among the prisoners taken at St. John on the Sorel, i. 680; correspondence of Mrs. Arnold with, ii. 689; sent by Sir Henry Clinton to confer with Arnold--arrest of, at Tarrytown, ii. 690; condemned to the death of a spy, ii. 693; execution of, ii 694; names of the captors of, ii. 695.

Annapolis, Irving's description of fashionable society in, before the Revolution, i. 307; first theatrical performance in America at, in 1752, i. 308; journey of Washington to, from New York, in 1783--ball given at, in honor of Washington, iii. 35; short stay of young Custis at the college at (note), iii. 533.

Anthrax, malignant, Washington attacked by, in 1789, iii. 116.

Appearance, personal, of Washington, i. 46, iii. 584, 590, 595, 597, 601.

Arbuthnot, Admiral, arrival of, in New York, with troops, ii. 661; fleet of, damaged off Cape Hatteras, ii. 671; French blockaded by, in Newport, ii. 681.

Armstrong, Colonel John, Kittanning destroyed by, in 1756, i. 226; medal presented to, i. 227.

Armstrong, Major John, addresses to the continental army written by, in 1783, iii. 16, 18.

Arnold, Benedict, expedition undertaken by, against Ticonderoga--disappointment of, at finding Allen in the field before him, i. 524; a volunteer in Allen's expedition, i. 525; protest sent by, to the provincial congress of Massachusetts, i. 526; St. John on the Sorel captured and afterward abandoned by, i. 646; experience of, at sea in early life, i. 647; proposition of, to the continental Congress, for the invasion of Canada, i. 648; dislike of, for Allen (notes), i. 648, 652; commission thrown up by, i. 649; friendly reception of, by Washington, i. 682; letter of General Gates to, at Watertown (note), i. 682; expedition against Quebec intrusted to, i. 683; instructions of Washington to, on his departure for Quebec, i. 683; address of, to the inhabitants of Canada (note), i. 684; private letter of Washington to, i. 687; departure of, from Newburyport, i. 688; army of, reduced by sickness and desertion, i. 689; treachery of Indian messengers of, i. 690; desertion of, by Colonel Enos, with his whole division--unparalleled hardships endured by the troops of, i. 692; encampment of, on the eastern shore of Lake Megantic, i. 693; destruction of vessels of, while descending the Chaudière--message of, to Montgomery, carried by young Aaron Burr, i. 694; joined at Sertignan by Norridgewock Indians, i. 695; friendly reception of, by the habitans of the valley of the Chaudière--approach of, known in Quebec through Indian treachery--fears excited in Quebec by the arrival of the troops of, at Point Levi, i. 696; names of men in the expedition of, afterward distinguished, i. 697; operations of, at Quebec, delayed by a snowstorm--Heights of Abraham scaled by, i. 701; reliance of, on the friendliness of the people of Quebec, i. 702; retirement of, from before Quebec--communication of, with Montgomery, i. 703; commendation of, by Washington for his conduct in the Quebec expedition, i. 713; wounded in the attempt to storm the fortifications of Quebec, i. 720; withdrawal of, to an entrenched camp--attempts of, to cut off supplies from the garrison of Quebec, i. 723; made brigadier-general, ii. 95; his urgent request of reinforcements from Wooster--letter of, to Congress, urging further efforts for the conquest of Canada, ii. 98; sorties from Quebec repelled by--compelled to resort to continental money for the purchase of supplies, ii. 99; ineffective fire opened by, upon Quebec--small-pox in the camp of--arrival of General Wooster at the camp of--departure of, for Montreal, ii. 100; letter of Schuyler to, expressing regret at the conduct of Wooster, ii. 101; efforts of, to obtain a surrender of prisoners, from Captain Forster, ii. 149; warning given to, at Montreal, of the approach of the British, ii. 164; goods of Montreal merchants seized by (note), ii. 165; retreat of, from Montreal, ii. 165; narrow escape of, from the British at Longueuil, ii. 166; the last man that left the shores of Canada, ii. 167; flotilla constructed by, at Ticonderoga--post taken by, with his flotilla, at Isle-aux-Têtes, ii. 255; great intrepidity displayed by, in a naval engagement on Lake Champlain, ii. 334; destruction of the vessels of--Crown Point abandoned by, ii. 336; complaints of, ii. 403; Washington's concern at the neglect of, by Congress, ii. 429; letter of, to Washington, in relation to his claims to promotion, ii. 480; wonderful escape of, while harassing Tryon's retreat from Danbury, ii. 436, 437; made major-general by Congress--appointed by Washington to the command at Peekskill, ii. 438; recommended by Washington to take the place of St. Clair, ii. 470; boldness and activity of, at Bemis's Heights, ii. 524; jealousy of General Gates excited against, ii. 526; deprived of his command by Gates, ii. 527; letters of, to Gates, urging him to attack Burgoyne, ii. 528, 529; activity of, at the second battle near Bemis's Heights, ii. 531; wounded at Bemis's Heights in the leg maimed at Quebec, ii. 533; Philadelphia taken possession of by, on the departure of Clinton, ii. 618; expensive habits of, in Philadelphia--marriage of, to Miss Shippen--charges preferred against, by the people of Philadelphia--sentenced by a court-martial to a reprimand, ii. 688; cautious advances made by, to Clinton, ii. 689; command at West Point solicited by, ii. 689; price of the treason of, ii. 690; letter of Jameson received by, while at breakfast--escape of, from West Point, ii. 692; attempt to abduct, made by Sergeant Champe, ii. 694; hated and despised by the British, ii. 695; persons suspected of complicity with, ii. 697; predatory excursion of, to Virginia--efforts of, to capture Governor Jefferson, ii. 711; ravaging expedition of, on the shores of Connecticut, ii. 727.

Arnold, Mrs., early correspondence of, with Major André, ii. 689, 695; ordered by the executive council of Pennsylvania to leave the state, ii. 695.

Articles of Confederation, adoption of, ii. 710; substance of (note), ii. 710; considered defective by Washington as a system of government--letter of Washington to James Warren, in relation to, iii. 54; letters of Washington and Jay in relation to a revision of, iii. 56; convention to amend, proposed by commissioners at Annapolis, iii. 59.

Asgill, Captain, selected by lot for execution--sympathies of Washington excited for, iii. 14.

Ashe, General, surprised by Prevost, at Brier creek, ii. 651.

Asses, sent to Washington by the king of Spain and by Lafayette, iii. 51.

Atlee, Colonel Samuel J., made prisoner at the battle of Long Island--biographical notice of (note), ii. 274.

Aurora, abstract of Jay's treaty sent to the editor of, by Senator Mason, iii. 347; libel of Washington published in, iii. 369; confidential questions of Washington to his cabinet relating to the reception of Genet, published in, iii. 420; extraordinary letter of Adet addressed to, in 1796, iii. 452; malignant language of, in 1796, in relation to Washington--malignant letter of Paine to Washington issued from the press of, iii 461; a pamphlet issued from the press of, by Adet, iii. 463; virulent attacks upon the character of Washington, published in, in 1797, iii. 477; public indignation excited against--editor of, severely beaten, iii. 478; American government criminated by, in defence of France, iii. 505.

Awe, inspired by the presence of Washington, iii. 597, 598.

Bache, editor of the Aurora, Washington's opinion of his journal, iii. 268; severely beaten, iii. 478.

Baker, Captain Remember, prisoners made by, i. 645.

Baird, Sir James, his brutal treatment of General Woodhull when a prisoner (note), ii. 277.

Ball in honor of Washington's inauguration, iii. 109; in celebration of the birthday of Washington in 1797, iii. 469.

Baltimore, effect of the news of the battle of Lexington at, i. 517; Continental Congress adjourned to, ii. 362; reception of Washington at, on his way to Mount Vernon, in 1797, iii. 480.

Bank, national, advocated by Hamilton, iii. 171; popularity of Hamilton's plan for--opposition of Jefferson to, iii. 172; bill creating, signed by Washington, iii. 173.

Barbados, visit of Lawrence and George Washington to, in 1751, i. 62.

Barbary powers, impunity of their piracies in 1789, iii. 100.

Bard, Doctor, assiduous attention of, to Washington, during his illness in 1789, iii. 116.

Barney, Commodore, bad conduct of, in the West Indies, iii. 467.

Barnsfare, Captain, death of Montgomery in the attempt to surprise the battery of, i. 718.

Barré, Isaac, Wolfe's adjutant-general at Quebec, i. 293; "conciliatory bill" of Lord North denounced by, i. 498.

Barren Hill, escape of Lafayette from the British at, ii. 615.

Barrett, Colonel, militia assembled under, at Concord, i. 506.

Barry, William T., placed at the head of the post-office department in 1829, iii. 123.

Barton, Lieutenant-Colonel William, General Prescott made prisoner by, ii. 474.

Baskingridge, surprise and capture of General Lee at, ii. 358.

Bassett, Colonel, death of J. P. Custis at the house of, at Eltham, iii. 5.

Bastile, in France, destruction of, iii. 136; key of, sent to Washington by Lafayette, iii. 163.

Bath, buildings owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Baume, Colonel, sent by Burgoyne to seize provisions at Bennington, ii. 486; death of, at the battle of Bennington, ii. 487.

Baylor, Colonel, party of horse under, surprised by General Grey, ii. 643.

Beckwith, Major, mission of, to the United States, in 1790, iii. 158; Washington's opinion of the mission of--action of Washington's cabinet with regard to, iii. 159.

Bedell, Colonel, fort at Chamblée captured by a party under the command of, i. 677; stationed at the Cedars with New Hampshire troops, ii. 148; cowardice of, ii. 148, 149.

Beekman, James, headquarters of General Howe in New York, at the house of, ii. 297.

Belvoir, seat of Honorable William Fairfax, i. 43; mansion of, destroyed by fire, i. 454; regret of Washington for the destruction of, iii. 490.

Bellamy, Mr., agent of Talleyrand in the attempt to extort money from American envoys, iii. 502; astonishment of, at the boldness of the envoys, iii. 503.

Beman, Nathan, Ethan Allen's guide at Ticonderoga, surviving in 1846 (note), i. 525.

Bemis's Heights, entrenched camp established on, by Gates, by the advice of Kosciuszko, ii. 522; force and position of the army of Gates at--arrival of Burgoyne in the neighborhood of, ii. 523; inactivity of Gates at, ii. 524; anxiety of Arnold to renew the battle at--comparative loss of the British and Americans in the battle at, ii. 525; retirement of Burgoyne from, ii. 526; second battle near, begun by Morgan and his riflemen, ii. 530.

Bennington, Colonel Baume sent by Burgoyne to seize provisions at, ii. 486; disastrous consequences to Burgoyne, of Colonel Baume's defeat at, ii. 487.

Bequests left by Washington to various persons as mementoes, iii. 539.

Bernard, Governor, attempts of, to bribe the leading men of Boston, i. 345; petitioned by the Massachusetts assembly to remove the troops from Boston--departure of, for England, in 1769, i. 367.

Beverage of Washington, iii. 586.

Beverly, skirmish of the Nautilus with a privateer at, i. 732.

Bigelow, Major, mountain ascended by, in expectation of a distant view of Quebec, i. 691.

Billy, body-servant of Washington, spurious letters of Washington alleged to have been found in the possession of, iii. 448.

Bingham, Mr., Jay's treaty burned in front of the house of, in Philadelphia, iii. 353.

Binney, Horace, conclusions arrived at by, respecting the authorship of Washington's Farewell Address (note), iii. 434.

Birthday of Washington, acrimonious debate in Congress respecting the celebration of, in 1793, iii. 322; celebration of, in 1797, iii. 469.

Birthplace of Washington, i. 17, 23.

Bishop, the body-servant of Washington, transferred to him by Braddock, i. 277.

Blair, John, appointed associate judge of the supreme court in 1789, iii. 122.

"Blockade of Boston," a farce composed by the British officers during the siege--not written by Burgoyne (note), ii. 49; turned into a tragedy by Knowlton's attack on Charlestown, ii. 50.

Blount, resolutions offered in Congress by, respecting the treaty-making power, iii. 397; resolutions of, adopted, iii. 398.

Board of Trade and Plantations, attempts of, to control the colonies, i. 314.

Bonaparte, Napoleon, treaty concluded by, with the American envoys, iii. 530; honors paid to the memory of Washington by, iii. 570.

Bond, British chargé, threat and complaint of, in relation to Jay's treaty, iii. 401.

Boquet, Colonel, letter of Washington to, in relation to a proposed new road to Fort Duquesne, i. 271.

Boscawen, Alcide and Lys taken by, i. 177; at the siege of Louisburg in 1758--biographical notice of (note), i. 260.

Boston, reception of Washington in, in 1756--population of, in 1756, i. 200; troops landed at, in 1768, under cover of cannon from the ships-of-war, i. 346; "massacre" at, i. 366; troops removed from, after the "massacre"--vengeance threatened against, for the destruction of tea in the harbor, i. 388; port of, closed by act of Parliament, i. 389; sympathy with, in Virginia, i. 392, 395; money sent from London to assist the suffering poor of, i. 397; the only spot in Massachusetts in 1774 where the king's government was obeyed, i. 417; rumored bombardment of, i. 426; removal of troops from, advocated by Lord Chatham, i. 489; intercourse of, with the country, cut off by General Gage, i. 514; position of the British and American forces at the siege of, i. 619; scarcity and sickness in the British army in, i. 636; sufferings of the patriots in, during the siege, i. 637; a portion of the inhabitants of, sent away by General Gage--number of residents and troops in, during the siege (note), i. 638; question as to the bombardment of, submitted by Washington to the committee of Congress, i. 736; desecration of churches in, by British troops during the siege, i. 745; oppressive measures of General Howe toward the people of, i. 746; secret expedition fitted out by General Howe in the harbor of, ii. 29; anxiety of Washington to drive the British out of, ii. 29, 32, 47; the small-pox in the British army in--ammunition expended by the British in the defence of (note), ii. 48; anxiety of Washington for a direct assault upon--council of war adverse to an attack upon, ii. 53; cannonade and bombardment of, in anticipation of the attempt upon Dorchester Heights--cannonade of, heard at the distance of a hundred miles, ii. 62; resolution of General Howe to evacuate, ii. 67; consternation of the tories of, at Howe's preparations for departure from, ii. 68; spared by General Howe on condition of his being allowed to depart unmolested, ii. 69; outrages committed by Howe's troops at the evacuation of, ii. 70; scene presented at the evacuation of--prizes taken at sea by the Americans during the siege of (note), ii. 71: sorrow of the tories on leaving--troops glad to get away from, ii. 72; entrance of the Americans into, ii. 73; visitors prohibited from entering without passes, ii. 74; damage done to buildings in--"Liberty-tree" at, cut down (note), ii. 75; large amount of property left behind by Howe at the evacuation of--efforts of Washington to establish order in, ii. 76; address of the selectmen of, to Washington--congratulatory letters, in relation to the evacuation of, addressed to Washington (note), ii. 77; measures of Washington for the defence of, ii. 81; apprehensions of the people of, of the return of Howe--operations for the defence of, carried on by Colonel Gridley, ii. 82; plan of General Lincoln for driving the British fleet from the harbor of--British store-ships captured in the harbor of, ii. 83; effect in England of the news of the flight of the army from, ii. 84; speech of the duke of Manchester on the abandonment of, ii. 86; the ministry attacked by Barré and Burke in relation to the abandonment of, ii. 86; reception of Washington in, on his tour in 1789--dispute between the selectmen of, and Governor Hancock, in relation to the reception of Washington, iii. 127; influenza prevalent at, a few days after Washington's visit (note), iii. 128; reminiscences of Samuel Breck, of Washington's visit to, in 1789 (note), iii. 130; letter of Washington to the selectmen of, in relation to Jay's treaty, iii. 356.

Boston, French frigate L'Embuscade challenged by, iii. 277.

"Boston Massacre," history of, i. 366-368; anniversary of, fixed upon for taking possession of Dorchester Heights, ii. 61; anniversaries of, observed in Boston (note), ii. 65.

Boston Neck, defence of, by Colonel Robinson, i. 513; fortifications erected on, by Howe, i. 745; fortifications on, demolished by order of Washington, ii. 81.

Botetourt, Lord, arrival of, in Virginia, in 1768--Junius's description of--remark of Walpole respecting--his erroneous impressions of the colonists, i. 351; palace of, at Williamsburg--parade of, on opening the Virginia assembly, i. 352; illusions of, rapidly dispelled, i. 353; Virginia assembly dissolved by, i. 354; good faith and justice of--statue erected to the memory of, i 356; death of, followed by a change of public sentiment in Virginia, i. 374.

Botta, Charles, eloquent remarks of, on the achievements of Washington in the Jerseys, ii. 394.

Boudinot, Elias, commissary general of prisoners, in the summer of 1777, ii. 412.

Bowdoin, James, characteristic letter of General Lee to, ii. 342.

Boyd, Colonel, defeated by Colonel Pickens, ii. 651.

Braddock, Edward, father of General Braddock--daughters of, i. 135.

Braddock, General, Walpole's description of, i. 135; heartlessness of--in the battle of Fontenoy--stationed at Gibraltar in 1753, i. 136; anecdote of Anne Bellamy, illustrating the character of--arrival of, in Hampton roads, i. 137; conference of, with Governor Dinwiddie at Williamsburg--first general orders of, issued from Alexandria--anxiety of, to procure the services of Washington, i. 138; invitation of, to Washington to become one of his family--Washington's reasons for joining, i. 139; meeting of, with the colonial governors, at Alexandria, i. 140; three distinct expeditions planned by, i. 141; letter of, to Lord Halifax, in relation to Pennsylvania and Maryland, i. 144; disappointments and difficulties of--appoints Washington his aid-de-camp, i. 146; irritation of, at the indifference of the colonies, i. 147; Franklin in the camp of, at Fredericktown--his extreme confidence of success--conversation of Franklin with, in relation to his expedition, i. 148; Franklin urged by, to procure wagons for the use of the army, i. 149; his commendation of Washington and Franklin, i. 150; war-dance of Indians in the camp of, at Will's Creek--effective force of, at Will's Creek, i. 151; names of men afterward distinguished, in the camp of, i. 152; delay at Will's Creek fatal to, i. 156; slow march of the army of, i. 157; advice of Washington to, to press forward rapidly, i. 158; illness of Washington on his march with--Washington left at the Youghiogany by the orders of, i. 159; continued fears of ambuscades in the army of, i. 160; son of Monacatoocha killed by grenadiers of, by mistake, i. 161; funeral honors paid by, to the son of Monacatoocha, i. 162; his fatal rejection of Indian aid--forces of, greatly exaggerated in the French camp, i. 163; location of the camp of, on the eve of his defeat, i. 165; details of the defeat of, i. 166-170; bravery displayed by, on the field of battle, i. 168; mortal wound received by, i. 169; death of, near Great Meadows, on the 14th of July, 1755--funeral service at the grave of, read by Washington--grave of, still to be seen (note), i. 171; depressing influence of the memory of the defeat of, i. 205.

Bradford, a leader in the Whiskey Insurrection, iii. 310; in favor of forming an independent western state, iii. 316.

Bradford, William, successor of Randolph as attorney-general, iii. 289; lines written by, on the sufferings of Lafayette, iii. 373.

Bradstreet, Colonel, expedition of, against Fort Frontenac--assistance lent to, by General Stanwix--joined by Red Head and his Indian warriors, i. 267; surrender of the fort to--malignant fever among the troops of, i. 268; Detroit relieved by, in 1764, i. 320.

Brand, bishop of Quebec, refusal of, to issue a mandement in the interest of the British government, i. 644.

Brandywine, movements of the American and British armies in the neighborhood of, ii. 501; battle of--Lafayette a volunteer in the battle of, ii. 505; Lafayette wounded at the battle of, ii. 506; skilful movement of General Greene at the battle of--retreat of the American army from, to Chester, ii. 507; opinion of General Knox in regard to the battle of--Sullivan censured for allowing himself to be surprised at--killed and wounded at the battle of--letter of Washington to Congress, in relation to the battle at, ii. 508; conspicuous bravery of Count Pulaski at the battle of, ii. 510.

Brant, Joseph, biographical notice of (note), ii. 106.

Brant, and Walter Butler, Cherry Valley desolated by, ii. 642.

Breadstuffs, neutral vessels carrying, seized by the cruisers of England and France in 1793, iii. 272.

Breakfast-hour of Washington, iii. 586.

Breck, Samuel, his reminiscences of Washington's visit to Boston in 1789 (note), iii. 130.

Breed's hill, fortified by Colonel Prescott, instead of Bunker's hill, i. 556; Neal's lines on the fortification of--fire opened upon, from ships-of-war, i. 557; excitement in Boston during the cannonade upon, i. 558: troops at, reinforced by Stark's regiment--New England flag hoisted at (note), i. 559; preparations for the attack upon, i. 560; suspicion of treachery among the defenders of--arrival of Doctor Warren and General Pomeroy at, i. 561; arrival of Colonel Stark at the rail-fence breastwork at--British plan of attack upon, i. 563; carnage among the British at, i. 564; second attack upon, under General Howe, i. 565; second retreat of the British from--numerous spectators of the battle on, i. 560; watched by Sir Henry Clinton from Copp's hill--failure of ammunition of Americans at, i. 567; rapid retreat of the Americans from, i. 569; terrible price paid by the British for their victory at--immense gain of the Americans by the battle of--British loss at, according to General Gage (note), i. 570.

Bridport, Lord, flags of the fleet of, at Torbay, lowered to half-mast, at the death of Washington, iii. 570.

Brienne, Marchioness de, ball in honor of Washington directed by, iii. 110.

Brier Creek, General Ashe surprised by Prevost at, ii. 651.

Brooke, Governor, letter of Washington to, in relation to education, iii. 333.

Brooklyn, defensive works prepared by General Greene at, ii. 171; appeal made by Washington to the troops at (note), ii. 203; Sullivan superseded in command at, by Putnam--disorderly conduct of the troops at, on the approach of the British, ii. 264; description of the defensive works in the neighborhood of--roads in the rear of--minute description of the defensive works near, where to be found (note), ii. 265; plan of the British march upon, ii. 266; Putnam's camp at, visited by Washington, ii. 267; American works at, taken possession of by the British, ii. 285.

Brougham, Lord, panegyric pronounced by, upon the character of Washington, iii. 581.

Broughton, Captain, the first naval commission granted to, by Washington, in 1795, i. 740.

Brown, Doctor, of Port Tobacco, Washington attended by, in his last illness, iii. 554.

Brown, Major John, sent by General Schuyler into Canada as confidential agent, i. 659; letter of, to Governor Trumbull, in relation to the invasion of Canada--report of, as to the defenceless condition of Canada, i. 660; unauthorized attempt made upon Montreal by, in concert with Ethan Allen, i. 672.

Brunswick, duke of, mercenaries furnished by, ii. 6.

Brunswick, one bed occupied by Franklin and Adams at, ii. 290; critical position of the American army at, ii. 346; disappointment of Cornwallis in not finding Washington at, ii. 392; headquarters of Sir William Howe at, ii. 443.

Brush, Crean, ordered by Howe to seize clothing in Boston, ii. 70.

Buchan, earl of, box of the oak that sheltered Wallace recommitted to, by the will of Washington, iii. 539.

Buffalo river, fort built on, by the French, in 1752, i. 74.

Buford, Colonel, massacre of a body of troops under, by Colonel Tarleton, ii. 676.

Bull, Governor, letters of the British government to, seized and sent to Congress, i. 500.

Bunker's hill, occupied by the British the night after the battle of Lexington, i. 510; fortification of, intrusted to Colonel Prescott, i. 556; intrenchments commenced on, by Putnam, i. 559; battle of, see Breed's hill; cruel treatment by General Gage, of prisoners taken at, i. 630; General Sir Henry Clinton placed in command of a redoubt on, i. 744.

Burgoyne, General, biographical notice of, i. 620; interview with General Lee proposed by, i. 630; intelligence of the movements of, in Canada, sent to Washington by Schuyler--doubts of Washington as to the force of, ii. 453; New York invaded by, ii. 459; composition of the army of--doubts of Schuyler as to the intentions of--Indians unwillingly employed by, ii. 460; faithlessness of the Indians employed by, ii. 481, 485; Crown Point taken possession of by, pompous proclamation issued by, ii. 461; proclamation of Washington in reply to, ii. 462; Mount Hope and Sugar-Loaf hill taken possession of, by, ii. 464; fate of, foretold by Washington--progress of, toward Fort Edward, ii. 480, 481; Indian allies of, troublesome--humanity of, ii. 481; large bounty offered by, for prisoners--humane instructions of, to his Indian allies (note), ii. 482; want of provisions in the army of, ii. 485; defeat of Baume at Bennington a disastrous blow to, ii. 487; perplexity and alarm of, after the battle of Bennington, ii. 521; silent march of, down the valley of the Hudson, ii. 522; retirement of, from Bemis's Heights--cheering news received by, from Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 526; anxiety of, to hear from Clinton, ii. 528; compelled to fight or fly, ii. 529; deplorable situation of, ii. 583; buildings of Schuyler at Saratoga burned by, ii. 535; arms laid down by the army of--army of, marched to Virginia as prisoners-of-war--reception of, and his officers, in the American camp, ii. 537: impression made upon, by the generosity of Schuyler--a guest at the house of Schuyler at Albany, ii. 538; importance of the surrender of, to the republican cause, ii. 539; effect in Congress and in Parliament of the news of the surrender of--speech of Chatham in relation to the surrender of--effect on the continent of Europe of the news of the surrender of, ii. 540.

Burke, Edmund, on the conduct of the British naval commanders, i. 322; eloquence of, in opposition to the stamp-act, i. 334; extract from a speech of, on American taxation (note), i. 342; conciliatory resolutions presented by, in Parliament, i. 498; despondent view taken by, of American affairs, ii. 396.

Burke's History of Virginia, terms of the association to exclude British merchandise printed in, i. 355.

Burr, Aaron, sent with a verbal message to Montgomery by Arnold, i. 694; with Arnold in his Quebec expedition, i. 697; forlorn hope placed under the command of, by Montgomery, i. 717; not with Montgomery when he fell (note), i. 719; troops of Putnam led out of New York by, ii. 296; a senator in the Congress of 1791--personal hostility of, to Washington, iii. 192; systematic opposition of, to Washington, iii. 300.

Butler, Colonel Zebulon, defence of Wyoming attempted by, ii. 641.

Butler, John, massacre at Wyoming by tories and Indians under the command of, ii. 641.

Butler, Walter, and Brant, Cherry Valley desolated by, ii. 642.

Buttrick, Major, attack made by, upon the British at Concord, i. 507.

Byron, Admiral, arrival of, at New York, as successor to Lord Howe, ii. 644.

Byron, Lord, lines of, in allusion to Washington's refusal of compensation, i. 538.

Cabinet of Washington, dissentions in, in 1790, iii. 151.

Cadwalader, General, duel of, with Conway, ii. 590.

Caghnawaga tribe of Indians, efforts of Schuyler to conciliate, i. 665; mistake of Captain Baker respecting (note), i. 666.

Caldwell, Reverend James, murder of the wife of, at Connecticut Farms, ii. 677.

Callbeck, Mr., and others, made prisoners by Captains Broughton and Selman--letter of thanks addressed by, to Washington, i. 742.

Cambridge, departure of Washington from Philadelphia to take command of the army at, i. 541; confusion at, on the approach of the British to Breed's hill, i. 560; reflections on the mission of Washington, on his taking command of the army at, i. 573; journey of Washington, to, performed on horseback, i. 574; reception of Washington at--dwelling occupied by Washington at, i. 584; arrival of Gates and Sullivan in the camp at, i. 587; letters of Washington to Congress from the camp at, i. 587-595; declaration of Congress read to the troops in camp at, i. 617; arrival of southern riflemen at the camp at, i. 618; army at, arranged by Washington into three grand divisions--the headquarters of Washington at the siege of Boston--Putnam's division stationed at, i. 619; inactivity of the army at, i. 724; officers of the army at, consulted by Washington, as to an attack upon the British in Boston, i. 725; council of war held at, adverse to an attack--letter of Washington to Congress in relation to the state of the army at, i. 726; efforts of Washington to reorganize the army at, i. 747; deficiency of skilful engineers at, i. 749; artillery and stores conveyed to, from Lake Champlain, by Colonel Knox, i. 750; trials of Washington in the camp at, i. 752; difficulties attending the reorganization of the army at, i. 755; bad condition of arms and ammunition at, i. 760; intrenchments thrown up by the army at, i. 762; improved state of affairs at--letter of General Greene on the privations of the troops at (note), i. 763; fruit-trees in the neighborhood of, consumed as firewood (note), i. 764; Mrs. Washington in the camp at, i. 768; burning of the king's speech at, ii. 2; weakness of the army at, in January, 1776, ii. 13, 14; extraordinary difficulties of Washington while in command of the army at, ii. 44; councils of war held at, ii. 47, 52.

Camden, set on fire and abandoned by Lord Rawdon, ii. 719.

Campbell, Captain John, death of, in the battle at Moore's-Creek Bridge, ii. 118.

Campbell, Lieutenant-Colonel Archibald, and seven hundred men, made prisoners in Boston harbor, ii. 83; letter of, to Washington, complaining of his treatment as a prisoner, ii. 407.

Campbell, Lord, royal power abdicated by, in South Carolina, ii. 186; badly wounded in the attack upon Fort Sullivan, ii. 193.

Canada, conquest of, urged upon the British government by Franklin (note), ii. 144; surrender of, to the English, in 1760, i. 301; prediction of the duke de Choiseul in relation to the loss of, i. 302; people of, indisposed to revolution, i. 522; address of the second continental Congress to the people of--resolution of the second continental Congress not to invade, i. 531; loyalty of the people of, to the British crown, i. 642; address of Congress to, contrasted with its language to the people of England, i. 643; efforts of Sir Guy Carleton to secure the loyalty of the people of, i. 644; auspicious moment for the conquest of, i. 645; proposition to invade, made by Colonel Ethan Allen, i. 650; cautious proceedings of Congress in relation to the invasion of, i. 652; tardy gathering of the troops for--letter of Ethan Allen to Governor Trumbull in relation to the invasion of, i. 658; secret agents sent into, by General Schuyler, i. 659; delays in the invasion of, i. 660; address of General Schuyler to the inhabitants of, i. 665; defenceless condition of, i. 667; address of Arnold to the inhabitants of (note), i. 684; measures of Congress with regard to, ii. 93; exertions made for the relief of the troops in, ii. 94; General Lee named by Washington for command in, ii. 95; chief command of the troops in, given to Lee by Congress--change of plans of Congress with regard to, ii. 96; alienation of the people of, ii. 97; committee of civilians appointed by Congress to visit, ii. 98; abandonment of, considered necessary by Schuyler, ii. 103; total disaffection of the people of, toward the cause of the patriots, ii. 142; troops sent toward, under General Thompson, ii. 143; commissioners appointed to form a union with--instructions of the commissioners sent to, ii. 145; indisposition of the people of, to a union with the colonies, ii. 146; committee of Congress confer with Washington, Gates, and Mifflin, on affairs in, ii. 159; efforts of Congress to retain possession of, ii. 160; letter of Washington to Schuyler in relation to affairs in--deplorable condition of the American army in, ii. 161; defeat of General Thompson in, ii. 163; end of the invasion of, ii. 168; plan of Congress for the invasion of, abandoned by the advice of Washington, ii. 644; opposition of Washington to the French plan for the invasion of, ii. 647.

Canadians, battalion of, authorized by Congress to be raised, ii. 93.

Canes, gold-headed, left by Washington to various persons, iii. 539.

Capital, the federal, location of, determined in 1790, iii. 150; surveys and plans of buildings of, examined by Washington--location of, chosen by Washington, iii. 178; land surrendered for, by Georgetown and Carrollsburg, iii. 179.

Cardillac, incredulity of, as to the profitable navigation of the western rivers, i. 68.

Carleton, Sir Guy, at the head of Wolfe's grenadiers at Quebec, i. 293; efforts of, to secure the loyalty of the Canadians, i. 644; defeat of, by Colonel Seth Warner at Longueuil, i. 679; Montreal abandoned by, on the approach of Montgomery, i. 699; escape of, to Quebec, i. 700; opportune arrival of, at Quebec, i. 714; determination of, to defend Quebec, i. 715; his humane treatment of prisoners taken at the siege of Quebec, i. 721; reliance of, upon reinforcements from England for the defence of Quebec, ii. 99; pursuit of the Americans by, on their retreat from before Quebec--stores and prisoners taken by--great humanity of, toward the sick and prisoners, ii. 102; noble proclamation of, with regard to sick fugitives, ii. 103; not the policy of, to make prisoners (note), ii. 167; efforts of, to create a navy on Lake Champlain, ii. 333; Crown Point taken possession of by, on its abandonment by Arnold, ii. 336; army of reserve, under the command of, in Canada, ii. 459; successor of Sir Henry Clinton as British commander-in-chief, iii. 7; personal interview of Washington with, at Tappan, iii. 22.

Carlisle and Roberts, Quakers, hanged as spies, i. 462.

Carmagnole sung in the streets of New York in 1793, iii. 248.

Carmichael, Mr., chargé d'affaires at Madrid in 1790, iii. 157.

Carpenters' Hall, in Philadelphia, first place of meeting of the continental Congress, i. 420.

Carroll, Charles, in the commission appointed to form a union with Canada, ii. 144; son of, a suitor for the hand of Nelly Custis, iii. 486.

Carroll, Reverend John, associated with the commission to form a union with Canada, ii. 145; return of, from Canada, in company with Franklin, ii. 146.

Carter, Charles, mention made of, in Washington's will, iii. 538.

Caswell, Colonel, in command of minute-men in the battle at Moore's-Creek Bridge--biographical notice of (note), ii. 117.

Catawba Indians, bad conduct of, in the expedition against Fort Duquesne in 1758 (note), i. 273.

Catholics, generally the friends of liberty during the Revolutionary struggle, i. 464.

Cedars, Colonel Bedell stationed at, with a body of New Hampshire troops, ii. 148.

Ceremonials, opinions of Adams, Jay, Hamilton, and Madison, sought by Washington in relation to, iii. 105.

Chamberlayne, Mr., Washington introduced to Martha Custis by, i. 277.

Chamblée, capture of the fort at, by a party under Colonel Bedell--arms and ammunition taken at, i. 677; flag of the seventh British regiment found in the fort at--letter of Montgomery to Robert Livingston, relating to the fort at (note), i. 678; retreat of Sullivan from, ii. 166.

Character of Washington, iii. 573.

Charleston, arms and ammunition in the magazines of, seized by the patriots, i. 521; activity of the patriots in, ii. 185; Admiral Parker's unsuccessful attack upon, ii. 188; saved by the dilatory movements of the British, ii. 189; siege of, by Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 671; bombardment of--surrender of, to the British--General Lincoln and his army made prisoners at--ill treatment by the British of the prisoners taken at, ii. 673; effect in the South of the fall of, ii. 674; evacuation of, by the British, iii. 12; reception of Washington at, on his southern tour in 1791, iii. 181.

Charlestown, set on fire by order of General Gage--description of the carcass used at (note), ii. 565.

Charlotte, General Greene at, ii. 699.

Chase, the, Washington's chief amusement before the Revolution, i. 309.

Chase, Samuel, in the commission appointed to form a union with Canada, ii. 144.

Chastellux, chevalier de, his description of hospitality as it was at Mount Vernon, i. 288; letter of Washington to, respecting his northern tour in 1783, iii. 27.

Chatham, earl of, Revolutionary measures deprecated by (note), i. 366; extract from a speech of, on the free spirit of the colonies, i. 371; on the infatuation of government in provoking resistance in the colonies, i. 412; language of, in commendation of the proceedings of the continental Congress, i. 448; his commendation of the state-papers of the first continental Congress, i. 450; correspondence of, with Lady Chatham, in relation to American affairs, i. 487; letter of, to Lord Stanhope, relative to American affairs--Franklin introduced into the house of lords by, i. 488; proposition made by, in the house of lords, that the troops should be removed from Boston--extraordinary speech of, in support of his proposition, i. 489; little influence of the speech of, within the house, i. 491; profound sensation caused out of doors by the speech of--remark of Franklin respecting the speech of--friends of, in the house of lords--plan of, for the settlement of troubles in America--Franklin consulted by, in the preparation of his plan of settlement (note), i. 492; hurried rejection of the plan of, in the house of lords--plan of, approved by Franklin, i. 493; confined to his house with the gout, ii. 7; last speech of, in Parliament, ii. 608. (See William Pitt.)

Chatham, Lady, unwillingness of, that Lord Pitt should bear arms against the colonists (note), i. 686.

Chaudière, valley of the, reminiscences of the "good Bostonians" still preserved in, i. 696.

Cherokees, Colonel Montgomery sent against in 1760--subdued by Colonel Grant in 1761, i. 302.

Cherry Valley desolated by Butler and Brant, ii. 642.

Chesapeake bay, arrival of the British fleet in--movements of his army directed toward, by Washington, ii. 495; landing of Sir William Howe and his army at the head of, ii. 497; night of peril passed on, by Washington, on his southern tour, iii. 178.

Chester, retreat of the American army to, from the Brandywine, ii. 507.

Chew, Chief Justice, banishment of, to Fredericksburg, i. 461.

Chew's house, loss of the battle of Germantown owing to the delay at, ii. 554.

Childhood, frame of Washington precociously large in, i. 57.

Christ church, in Philadelphia, divine service attended at, by the second continental Congress, i. 609.

Christianity, Washington a sincere believer in, iii. 576.

Church, Doctor Benjamin, placed by Congress at the head of the army hospital, i. 612; convicted of treasonable correspondence (note), i. 613.

Church of England, Washington a communicant of, i. 336.

Cilley, Colonel, captured cannon turned upon the British by, at Bemis's Heights, ii. 531.

Cincinnati, Society of, instituted--deep interest felt by Washington in--Washington and Hamilton successive presidents of, iii. 23; address from the members of the, in Boston, iii. 131.

Citizen Genet, a privateer fitted out at Charleston by Genet--the arrest of American citizens on board, iii. 259; irritation of Genet at the arrests on, iii. 260.

City Tavern, Philadelphia, meeting at, of delegates to the first continental Congress, i. 454; convention to form the constitution adjourn to, iii. 73; Washington and suite entertained at, in 1789, iii. 86.

Clarke, Major George Rogers, operations of, in the West, ii. 652; biographical notice of, ii. 653.

Clergy, sides taken by the various denominations of, during the progress of the Revolution, i. 463.

Clinton, Colonel James, at Fort Constitution, ii. 219; bayonet-wound received by, ii. 545.

Clinton, General George, energy and activity of, in defence of New York, ii. 219; troops assembled by, at Fort Montgomery, ii. 220; at Fort Montgomery with New York militia, ii. 235; efforts of, to prevent the passing of the Rose and Phoenix, ii. 236; three thousand men under the command of, at Kingsbridge, ii. 241; silver bullet taken by, from a spy--silver bullet still in possession of the family of (note), ii. 547; letter of Washington to, communicating the news of the signing of the treaty of peace, iii. 21; northern tour of Washington in company with, in 1783, iii. 27; reception of Washington by, in New York, in 1789, iii. 89; a candidate for the vice-presidency in 1792, iii. 222.

Clinton, General Sir Henry, a volunteer at Breed's hill, i. 567; biographical notice of, i. 620; placed in command of a redoubt on Bunker's hill, i. 744; arrival of, in the harbor of New York--peaceful professions of, and departure, ii. 42; Robert Howe and Cornelius Harnett excepted from the proclamation of pardon by, ii. 185; proclamation offering pardon laughed at by the people of Charleston, ii. 190; night-march of, from Flatlands to the heights overlooking Bedford, ii. 269; capture of the fortresses in the Hudson Highlands by, ii. 542, 545; messenger of, bearing a silver bullet to Burgoyne, hanged as a spy, ii. 547; activity of, in New York--scheme of Washington for the abduction of, ii. 606; Washington dissuaded by Hamilton from attempting the abduction of, ii. 607; reduction of the force under the command of, ii. 617; evacuation of Philadelphia admirably managed by, ii. 617; slow march of, through New Jersey, ii. 619; emissaries of, to the Pennsylvania mutineers, hanged as spies, ii. 709.

Clothes of Washington, before the Revolution, obtained from London, i. 306.

Coach, fine one kept by Washington in 1789, iii. 113.

Cobble hill, intrenchments cast up on, by troops under Generals Putnam and Heath, i. 761.

Cochran, Captain, powder-receiver at Charleston (note), i. 521.

Cochran, Doctor John, letter of Washington to, on the style of living at West Point (note), ii. 660.

Coffin of Washington, inscriptions on, iii. 558.

Cohoes falls, retreat of Schuyler to, ii. 484.

Collier, Sir George, ravages by the squadron of, on Elizabeth river, ii. 653; assistance rendered by, to Sir Henry Clinton on the Hudson--ravages of, in Connecticut, ii. 654; destruction of an American flotilla by, in Penobscot bay, ii. 661.

Collins, Captain, powder belonging to the province of Virginia seized by, in 1775, i. 518.

Colonies, new era in the history of, i. 69; pay of troops raised in (note), i. 102; growth of democratic ideas in, i. 228; a viceroyalty suggested for, i. 229; little indebted to the mother-country, i. 315; cost of the French and Indian war to (note), i. 316; commercial policy of England toward, i. 321.

Colonists, French and English, characteristics of, i. 67, 68.

Commission as colonel resigned by Washington in 1754, i. 126; commission as commander-in-chief received by Washington, form of (note), i. 540; resignation of, by Washington, iii. 35.

"Common Sense," a pamphlet by Thomas Paine, powerful influence of, ii. 12; General Lee's opinion of it (note), ii. 41.

Concord, troops sent by General Gage to seize the stores at, i. 503; preparations made at, to resist the troops under Colonel Smith--militia assembled at, under Colonel Barrett, i. 506; British attacked by Major Buttrick at--stores at, partially secured, i. 507.

Confederation, old, discussions that led to the abandonment of, iii. 55; resolutions of the New York legislature in relation to, iii. 56.

Congregationalists opposed to the rule of Great Britain, i. 463.

Congress, general colonial, proposition for, by the Massachusetts assembly, i. 327; copy of the circular letter of Massachusetts, inviting (note), i. 330; meeting of, in New York--names of the delegates to (note), i. 331; proceedings of, applauded by the provincial assemblies, i. 332; recommended by Franklin, i. 390, 392.

Congress, continental, proposed by Virginia in 1774, i. 390; simultaneous proposition for, by Virginia and Massachusetts, i. 393; the first, importance of, to the best interests of mankind, i. 408; almost simultaneous declaration of the colonies in favor of, i. 409; names of the delegates to (note), i. 411: assembling of, at Philadelphia, in 1774, i. 413; journeys of the delegates to, like ovations--journey of Washington to, in company with Patrick Henry and Edmund Pendleton, i. 417; reception of the delegates to, in Philadelphia--honors paid to the delegates to, from Massachusetts, i. 419; account of the organization of, i. 420-422; Peyton Randolph chosen president of--Charles Thomson chosen secretary of, i. 421; noble character of the men composing, i. 422; opening speech of Patrick Henry in, i. 423; regulations adopted by, i. 425; Mr. Duché requested to read prayers in, i. 426; Washington the only delegate who knelt during prayer in, i. 429; names of the first committee appointed by--difficult points to be decided at, i. 430; resolves of the Suffolk county convention laid before, i. 432; resolution of, limiting its action to infringed rights--duration of the sessions of (note), i. 484; non-importation resolutions offered in, by R. H. Lee, i. 435; dangerous plan of union submitted to, by Joseph Galloway, i. 435, 437; non-exportation proposed and debated in, i. 430; great diversity of opinion in, among the delegates--loyal address to the king resolved on by--opposition of the Virginia delegates in, to non-exportation (note), i. 438; declaration of rights unanimously adopted by, i. 440; the American Association signed by every delegate present at, i. 441; the petition of Congress to the king, the last public act of, i. 446; profound sensation produced everywhere by the publication of the proceedings of, i. 447; sympathy with, expressed by Chatham in a letter to Stephen Sayre, i. 448; no record of the part Washington took in, i. 449; Washington the best informed man in, i. 450; state-papers of, i. 450, 485.

Congress, second continental, journey of Washington to, in company with Patrick Henry and Benjamin Harrison--organization of--secrecy of the proceedings of, i. 528; resolution of, respecting the spoils taken at Ticonderoga by Ethan Allen, i. 529; Washington appointed chairman of the committees of, on military affairs--"conciliatory resolutions" of Lord North laid before--vigorous preparations of, for the defence of the country--resolution of, to petition the king, i. 530; address of, to the inhabitants of Canada--day of fasting and prayer appointed by, i. 531; resolution of, to raise companies of riflemen, i. 532; John Adams's account of the deliberations of, as to the choice of a commander-in-chief, i. 533-535; instructions of, to Washington, as commander-in-chief (note), i. 540; major generals appointed by, i. 545-547; brigadier-generals appointed by, i. 548; measures of, in relation to the issue of paper money, i. 549; regulations of, for the army, i. 551; letters of Washington to, i. 578, 587-595, 726; loyalty to the king declared by, i. 600; declaration adopted by, setting forth the causes for armed resistance, i. 600; the idea of reparation from the mother-country repudiated by, i. 603, 607; letter of thanks of, to the lord-mayor and corporation of London, i. 603; petition to the king, written by John Dickinson, adopted by, i. 605; address to the people of Great Britain adopted by, i. 606; commissioners of Indian affairs appointed by--services at Christ church attended by, on the fast-day, i. 609; addresses of, to the assembly of Jamaica, and to the people of Ireland--"conciliatory resolution" of the house of commons taken into consideration by, i. 610; Franklin placed at the head of the post-office department by--army hospital established by, i. 612; adjournment of, i. 613; wise caution of, i. 614; "declaration" of, read to the troops in camp, i. 617; jealous of concentrated military power--deference of, to the opinions of Washington in military matters, i. 621; refusal of Washington to part with detachments for coast-defence, sanctioned by, i. 624; Colonels Allen and Warner introduced upon the floor of, i. 652; the Green Mountain Boys recommended by, for the invasion of Canada, i. 653; members of, in the camp at Cambridge, i. 681, 729; questions submitted by Washington to the committee of, sitting at Cambridge, i. 735; resolutions adopted by, for a reorganization of the army at Cambridge, i. 738; attention of, called to the necessity of organizing a naval force, i. 740; letters of Washington to i. 744, ii. 363; resolution of thanks of, to Washington, on the evacuation of Boston, ii. 78; medal in gold ordered by, ii. 79; action of, with regard to loyalists and tories, ii. 92; the attention of, drawn to affairs in Canada, ii. 93; committee appointed by, for the purpose of maintaining a European correspondence, ii. 124; Washington invited to the floor of--recommendations of Washington adopted by, ii. 159; "Board of War and Ordnance" appointed by, ii. 160; resolution of, in relation to the claims of Generals Schuyler and Gates, ii. 248; measures taken by, for a more permanent organization of the army, ii. 305; adjourned to Baltimore--almost unlimited powers granted by, to Putnam in Philadelphia, ii. 362; create Washington dictator for six months, ii. 364; of 1777 inferior to that of 1774-'5, ii. 431; increased powers granted to Washington by, after the battle of the Brandywine, ii. 509; letter of Hamilton to George Clinton on the degeneracy of, ii. 592; degeneracy of, lamented by Washington, ii. 648, 670; adjournment of, to Princeton, iii. 26; little confidence of the mass of the people in, iii. 53.

Congress, federal, scene in on the occasion of Washington's opening address, iii. 95, 590; executive departments established by, in 1789, iii. 118; Hamilton's report on finance made to, in writing, iii. 139; remarks of Washington upon that of 1790, iii. 161; messages of Washington to, iii. 171, 192, 378, 454; party spirit manifested in, iii. 199, 230; charges brought against Hamilton in, iii. 231; defensive measures urged upon, by Washington, iii. 284; language of Washington to, respecting Genet, iii. 285; debate in, as to the propriety of the consideration of any question with closed doors--the first committee of ways and means appointed in--act passed by, in 1794, for providing a naval armament--money-tribute to Algiers advocated in, iii. 294; debate in, respecting the treaty-making power--debate in, respecting a resolution offered by Edward Livingston, iii. 391; message of Washington to, on refusing to furnish papers relating to Jay's treaty (note), iii. 396; last annual message of Washington to, iii. 454; language of the two houses of, in reply to Washington's last annual message, iii. 457; special session of, convened by President Adams, in 1798--extract from the address of Adams to, iii 494; measures of, for national defence, in 1798, iii. 506; Washington present at the opening of, in 1798, iii. 525; resolutions of, on the occasion of the death of Washington, iii. 562, 564.

Congress, provincial, of Massachusetts, John Hancock president of--Benjamin Lincoln secretary of--address of, to General Gage, i. 468; explanations made to, by General Gage--preparations for armed resistance made by, i. 469; proceedings of, denounced by General Gage--minute-men enrolled by, i. 470.

Connecticut, opposed to Franklin's plan for the union of the colonies, i. 128; ill feeling toward General Schuyler among the troops from, (note), i. 705; minute-men summoned to supply the place of troops from, i. 759; Governor Trumbull and General Greene on the conduct of the troops of (note), i. 760; arrival in the camp at New York of a troop of light-horse from, ii. 231; refusal of the troop from, to do duty, ii. 232; bad conduct of troops from, at Kip's bay, ii. 295.

Connolly, Doctor John, the side of the crown taken by, ii. 20; imprisoned at Baltimore, ii. 21.

Constitutional Society of England, money sent by, by the hand of Franklin, for the sufferers at Lexington--John Horne Tooke, the philologist, a prominent member of (note), i. 737.

Constitution, federal, convention to form, iii. 56-73; names of the signers of (note), iii. 72; anecdote of Franklin in connection with the signing of, iii. 73; submitted by Congress to the state legislatures, iii. 74; Henry, Mason, and Lee, adverse to, iii. 77; when ratified by the several states (note), iii. 78; backwardness of some of the states in ratifying, iii. 98; subject of the amendment of, before Congress, in 1789, iii. 119; adopted by Rhode Island in 1790, iii. 162; considered by Hamilton inadequate to its functions, iii. 187.

Contemplations, Moral and Divine, extracts from, i. 30-34.

Continental army, condition and discipline of--dress and accoutrements of (note), i. 553; position and numbers of, when adopted by Congress, i. 554; command of, formally taken by Washington, i. 586; letters of Washington to Congress respecting the condition and position of, i. 587-595; first general order issued by Washington to (note), i. 588; hunting-shirts recommended by Washington for the use of, i. 592; dissatisfaction produced in, by several appointments of general officers--returns of, presented by General Gates (note), i. 593; deficiency in the numbers, discipline, and stores of, i. 594; details respecting its condition, by a chaplain, i. 595; great deficiency in its supply of ammunition, i. 596, 625; disposition of, by Washington, at the siege of Boston, i. 619; want of powder in, i. 625; trouble caused in, by sectional jealousies--petty conspiracies among the subordinate officers of, i. 756; letter of Washington to Colonel Reed, complaining of the mercenary spirit pervading, i. 757; early departure of the Connecticut troops from, i. 758; weakness of, in January, 1776, ii. 13, 14; letter of Washington to Colonel Reed on the condition of, ii. 15; names of officers of the new regiments of (note), ii. 403; excellent footing of, in the spring of 1777, ii. 404; kind of punishments inflicted in (note), ii. 501; personal popularity of Washington in, ii. 604; committee appointed by Congress to inquire into the condition of, ii. 667; great reduction in the force of, ii. 668, 699; destitution of, ii. 669; necessities of, supplied by Pennsylvania, ii. 670; measures adopted by Congress to increase the efficiency of, ii. 699; winter-quarters of the various divisions of, in 1780-'81, ii. 702; discontents in, in 1782, iii. 7, 15; gradual disbandment of, in 1783, iii. 22; circular letter of Washington to state governors in relation to the disbandment of, iii. 23; last general order of Washington to (note), iii. 29.

Continental money, great depreciation of--the whole country flooded with counterfeits of, ii. 666.

Continental Village, destruction of, by Governor Tryon (note), ii. 548.

Continentalist, a series of papers written by Alexander Hamilton, iii. 56.

Contrecoeur, French commandant at Fort Le Boeuf, in 1754, i. 97.

Convention, commercial, suggestion of Washington concerning, iii. 55, 56.

Convention, National, of France, pen-picture of (note), iii. 387.

Convention to amend the confederation proposed, iii. 59; Washington placed at the head of the Virginia delegation to, iii. 60; circumstances which induced Washington to attend, iii. 61; books read by Washington before attending, iii. 62; meeting and organization of--Washington elected president of, iii. 63; names of the delegates to (note), iii. 64; Franklin a conspicuous member of--distinguished men in, iii. 65; resolutions of Edmund Randolph in, iii. 66; warm debates in--part taken by Hamilton in, iii. 68; apprehensions of Washington as to the final result of, iii. 70; influence of Washington in, iii. 71; adjournment of, iii. 73.

Conway, General, letter of Washington to Congress, adverse to his appointment as major-general, ii. 575; supposed author of a pamphlet injurious to the character of Washington--anonymous letters in disparagement of Washington written by, ii. 576; appointed inspector-general, and raised to the rank of major-general, by Congress, ii. 578; short and sharp letter of Washington to--dismay in the Cabal caused by Washington's letter to, ii. 581; thorough exposure of the character of--resignation of, accepted by Congress, ii. 589; severely wounded in a duel with Cadwalader--penitent letter written to Washington by, while in the expectation of speedy death--recovery of, and return to France, ii. 690.

Conway's Cabal, history of, ii. 574; existence of, discovered by Washington--Colonel Wilkinson's agency in exposing, ii. 579; exposure of, to the world, ii. 584; letter of Washington to Patrick Henry in relation to, ii. 590.

Cook, Captain James, the navigator, with Wolfe at Quebec, i. 293.

Cooke, Governor Nicholas, of Rhode Island, cheering letter written to Washington by, i. 597; supply of powder sent by, to the camp at Cambridge, i. 628; acting governor of Rhode Island in place of Governor Wanton (note), i. 729.

Cornstalk, night-attack of, upon Colonel Lewis, i. 473.

Cornwallis, Lord, embarkation of, for North Carolina, with seven regiments, ii. 90; outrages committed by the troops of, in North Carolina--Robert Howe's plantation desolated by, ii. 185; march of, into Philadelphia, ii. 517; congratulations of the Quakers offered to, ii. 518; disappointment of, at not finding boats at Trenton--carelessness of, in stationing his troops in detachments, ii. 360; hears "thunder" from Princeton, ii. 386; stinging reply of Washington to, in relation to the brutal conduct of his troops, ii. 397; attempt of, to surprise General Lincoln at Boundbrook, ii. 433; weak and wicked policy of, in South Carolina, ii. 685; dependence placed by, upon Tarleton and Ferguson, ii. 702; alarm of, at the movements of Marion, ii. 703; dangerous position of, ii. 705; perilous situation of, at Yorktown, ii. 734; surrender of, at Yorktown, ii. 734; devastations of, in the South (note), ii. 736.

Correspondence, committees of, originated in Massachusetts, i. 382, 383.

Correspondence, intercolonial committees of, first appointed in Virginia, i. 382, 383; Rhode Island first after Virginia in appointing--severe condemnation of, by "Massachuttensis," i. 883.

Correspondence, burdensome nature of Washington's, in 1784, iii. 49; extracts from Washington's with George W. P. Custis (note), iii. 531.

Council, executive, organization of, in 1789, iii. 118.

Courtship, Washington's, account of, by G. W. P. Custis, i. 276.

Coventry, earl of, prophetic speech of, ii. 9.

Cowpens, defeat of Tarleton by Morgan at, ii. 714.

"Cragie house," now Longfellow's (note), i. 584.

Craik, Doctor James, at Great Meadows, i. 114; at the battle of the Monongahela, i. 168: Braddock's wounds dressed by, i. 170; warning of, to Washington, as to his attack of dysentery in 1757, i. 245; with Washington on his visit to the Ohio country in 1770, i. 358; Indian chief seen by, who at the battle of the Monongahela had fired at Washington fifteen times, i. 360; letter of, to Washington, in relation to the Conway Cabal, ii. 586; western tour of, in company with Washington, in 1784, iii. 42; Washington attended by, in his last illness, iii. 554.

Cramahé, approach of Arnold to Quebec disbelieved by, i. 696; in Quebec during the siege by Arnold, i. 702.

Creeks, at war with Georgia in 1789, iii. 115; difficulties of the United States with, in 1790--alliance of, with the Spaniards, iii. 154; United States commissioners sent to treat with--Colonel Marinus Willett sent on a mission to--treaty made with, in 1790, iii. 155.

Cresap, Colonel, Washington a guest of, in 1748, i. 54; innocent of the murder of Logan's relatives (note), i. 473.

"Crisis," an anti-ministerial journal published in London and New York, in 1775 (note), i. 637.

"Crisis," a series of pamphlets written by Thomas Paine in 1776-'7 (note), ii. 202.

Croghan, George, envoy from Pennsylvania to the Miamis, i. 71.

Cross Creek, in North Carolina, commission granted by Governor Martin to Highlanders at, ii. 114.

Crown Point, movements of the expedition against, under Colonel Johnson, i. 180; Dieskau defeated, severely wounded, and made prisoner, while marching to the defence of, i. 182; fortifications erected on, by Amherst, in 1759, i. 292; surrender of, to Colonel Warner, in 1775, i. 526; remains of the army of the north assembled at, ii. 250; wretched condition of the troops at, ii. 250, 251; Sullivan informed of his being superseded by General Gates at--efforts of Schuyler and Gates to reorganize the army of the north at--dilapidated condition of the fort at, ii. 251; Washington unfavorable to the abandonment of--letters of Washington to Schuyler and Gates, in relation to the abandonment of, ii. 252; possession taken of, by General Carleton, ii. 336.

Cully, old, his recollections of Washington's courtship, i. 278.

Culpepper county minute-men, description of the dress of, ii. 23.

Currency, continental, i. 549; form of the bills of (note), i. 550.

Currency, decimal, origin of the, iii. 175.

Curtis, remarks of, on the convention to amend the federal confederation, iii. 65.

Cushing, William, appointed associate judge of the supreme court in 1789, iii. 122.

Custis, Daniel Parke, father of Martha Custis, i. 278.

Custis, Eleanor Parke, adopted by Washington, iii. 5; Washington accompanied by, to Mount Vernon in 1797, iii. 479; precepts inculcated by Washington into the mind of--letter of Washington to, on love and marriage, iii. 484; a son of Charles Carroll of Carrollton a suitor for the hand of, iii. 486; anecdote respecting, told by Mr. Irving, iii. 487; preparations for the marriage of, with Lawrence Lewis, iii. 531; marriage of, at Mount Vernon, on Washington's birthday, in 1799, i. 432; continental blue-and-buff suit worn by Washington at the wedding of, iii. 534.

Custis, George Washington Parke, adopted by Washington, iii. 6; in college at Princeton in 1797--interesting correspondence of Washington with, preserved in the Custis family, iii. 479; correspondence of, with Washington, respecting the attentions paid by young Carroll to his sister, iii. 487; anxiety of Washington for the welfare of--negligence of, in the pursuit of his studies--extracts from the correspondence of Washington with (note), iii. 531; aid-de-camp to General Pinckney in 1799, iii. 533; lands bequeathed to, by Washington, near Alexandria, iii. 535, 541; lands bequeathed to, surveyed by Washington's own hands in 1799, iii. 535; absent from Mount Vernon at the time of Washington's death--his description of Washington's personal appearance when riding over his farms, iii. 586.

Custis, John Parke, son of Mrs. Washington, difficult task of Washington as the guardian of--plans of travel of, opposed by Mrs. Washington--particulars of the estate of, according to a letter of Washington (note), i. 376; enamored of Miss Calvert--letter of Washington to Mr. Calvert, recommending a postponement of the marriage of, i. 377; at King's college, in New York--Hamilton a fellow-student with--effect upon, of the death of his sister, i. 378; marriage of, to Miss Calvert, in 1774--letter of Washington to Doctor Cooper, in relation to the marriage of, i. 379; Washington's aid, ii. 730; death of, at Eltham--children of, adopted by Washington, iii. 5.

Custis, Martha, introduction of Washington to, i. 277; marriage of, to Washington, in January, 1759, i. 287.

Custis, Miss, daughter of Mrs. Washington, sickness of, i. 375; death of, at Mount Vernon, in 1773, i. 378.

Customs commissioners mobbed in Boston, i. 345.

Dagworthy, Captain, position of, settled by Governor Shirley, i. 201.

Dallas, Alexander J., hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 353.

Dalrymple, Colonel, reserve of troops left under the command of, at Staten Island, ii. 263.

Danbury, expedition to destroy stores at, under Governor Tryon, ii. 433; private as well as public property destroyed at, ii. 435.

Dancing-days of Washington over in 1799 (note), i. 310.

Dandridge, Bartholomew, private secretary of Washington--letter of Washington to, expressing approbation of his conduct, iii. 479; provision in the will of Washington respecting the heirs of, iii. 538.

Dartmouth, Lord, instructions of, to General Gage, as to his conduct in Massachusetts, i. 415; reply of an American to a remark of, as to the number of delegates to the first Congress (note), i. 441.

D'Aubrey, Colonel, defeated and made prisoner by Sir William Johnson near Fort Niagara, i. 291.

Davenant, Sir William, expedition of, intercepted by Cromwell's fleet (note), i. 20.

Davidson, John, Indian interpreter with Washington on his Ohio expedition, i. 76, 78.

Davie, Governor William R., associated with Murray as envoy to France in 1799, iii. 529.

Davis, Reverend Thomas, volumes presented to, by Washington, at the marriage of Nelly Custis, iii. 534; invited to officiate at the funeral of Washington, iii. 558.

Deane, Silas, sent to Paris as a secret agent of Congress--his unfitness for the trust, ii. 125; embarrassing engagements entered into by, ii. 444.

Dearborn, Captain, his dog eaten by famishing soldiers in Arnold's Quebec expedition (note), i. 694; made prisoner at the siege of Quebec, i. 721.

Death of Washington, iii. 556; why no clergyman was present at, iii. 557; action of Congress on receiving intelligence of, iii. 562; sensation produced in Europe by the news of (note), iii. 570.

De Beaujeu, Captain, intrusted with the ambuscade at the battle of the Monongahela, i. 166; death of, in the battle, i. 167.

De Berdt, Dennis, letter of, brought from England by Lord Howe, ii. 223; a copy of the letter of, sent to Washington and to Congress, ii. 224.

Deborre, General, disaster brought upon the American army by, at the battle of the Brandywine, ii. 510.

Debt, foreign, of the United States in 1790, according to Hamilton--domestic, in 1790, iii. 140.

Declaration of Independence, ii. 209; copies of, signed only by John Hancock, distributed throughout the country--signed on the second of August, 1776, ii. 213; proofs of the allegations contained in, where to be found (note),--names of the delegates who signed (note),--original parchment of, much injured by a writing-master in 1818 (note), ii. 213; order issued by Washington to the troops in New York in relation to, ii. 214; publicly read in New York on the tenth of July--influence of, upon the popular mind in Europe, ii. 215; comments of Mirabeau and Napoleon upon, ii. 216; read to the army of the north at Fort Independence, ii. 254.

Declaration of Rights adopted by the first continental Congress, written by Samuel Adams (note), i. 453.

Declaratory act, why supported by William Pitt--condemnation of, by Gadsden, i. 340; apprehensions of Washington respecting, i. 341; right claimed by, denied by the colonial assemblies, i. 343.

Decoudray, Major-General, his expectations of rank in the American army--letter of Washington to Congress in relation to the claims of--biographical notice of (note), ii. 445.

De Fermoy, folly of, at Ticonderoga, ii. 465.

De Grasse, arrival of the fleet of, in the Chesapeake, ii. 729; Admiral Graves attacked by, off the capes of Virginia, ii. 730; visit of Washington to, ii. 731.

De Heister, part taken by, in the battle of Long Island, ii. 272.

De Kalb, Baron, slow march of, to the relief of Charleston, ii. 676; mortally wounded in the battle at Sanders's creek--biographical notice of (note), ii. 683.

Delaplace, Ticonderoga surrendered by, to Ethan Allen, i. 525.

Delaware river, baggage and stores of Washington removed across, ii. 353; army sent across by Washington during the night--boats on, destroyed by order of Washington, ii. 354; weakness of Washington's army at the time of his retreat over, ii. 361; gravity of Washington after his retreat over, ii. 366; Washington's plan for attacking the British posts on, ii. 368; Christmas-day appointed by Washington for attacking the British on, ii. 369; troops ferried over by Colonel Glover and Marblehead fisherman, ii. 370, 371; letter of Gates presented to Washington at, by Wilkinson, ii. 370; voice of Knox heard across, ii. 371; passage of the American army to the Jersey side, ii. 381; attempt of Sir William Howe to destroy the obstructions in, ii. 551; efforts of Howe to get possession of the forts on, ii. 559; loss of the forts on, owing to the selfish ambition of General Gates, ii. 561, 563; destruction of the American fleet on--full possession of, obtained by the British, ii. 563; crossed by Washington in pursuit of Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 618; rapid march of the allies toward, ii. 726.

De Levi, march of, upon Quebec, i. 300; rapid retreat of, to Montreal, i. 301.

Departments, executive, not organized in 1789, iii. 102; when established by Congress, iii. 118.

Desertions, frequency of, from the continental army, ii. 416.

D'Estaing, Count, arrival of the fleet of, in the Delaware--departure of, for Sandy Hook, ii. 686; correspondence of, with Washington--attempt to destroy the British fleet in Raritan bay abandoned by, ii. 637; arrival of, at Newport--departure of, from Newport, to meet the fleet of Lord Howe--return of, to Newport, and subsequent departure for Boston, ii. 638; exasperation caused by the conduct of, ii. 639; letter of, to Congress, relative to his abandonment of Rhode Island--soothing letter written to, by Washington, ii. 640; departure of, for the West Indies, ii. 644.

Detroit, relieved by Colonel Bradstreet in 1764, i. 267.

Devotion, private, of Washington, iii. 602.

De Wessingtons, knights of the palatinate of Durham, i. 18.

De Yrujo, Spanish embassador, dress of, iii. 599.

Diary of Washington, extract from, in relation to his visit to Boston in 1789 (note), iii. 128, 129; extract from, describing the opening of Congress in 1790 (note), iii. 138; extract from, in relation to Morris's mission to England, iii. 157.

Dick, Doctor, called in, at Washington's last illness, iii. 554.

Dickinson, John, of Pennsylvania, influence of his Quaker friends upon (note), i. 463; petition to the king written by, adopted by the continental Congress, i. 605; views of, on the terms of reconciliation brought by Lord Howe, ii. 224.

Dictator, Washington made, ii. 364; emotions of Washington on receiving the resolution conferring the powers of, ii. 380; wise exercise by Washington of his powers as, ii. 400.

Dieskau, Baron, departure of, from France, for the St. Lawrence, in 1755, i. 177; defeat of, by Colonel William Johnson, at Lake George--wounded and a prisoner, i. 182; subsequent history of (note),--designs of, in case of success (note), i. 183; General Lyman's share in the defeat of, i. 182, 184; defeated by New England men, i. 184; parliamentary grants to the provinces that contributed to the defeat of, i. 229.

Diet of Washington when at Cambridge, i. 616.

Dignity of manner of Washington, iii. 576.

Dinner, farewell, of Washington, on the eve of his retirement from the presidency, iii. 471.

Dinner-hour of Washington, iii. 586.

Dinner-table of Washington, iii. 588.

Dinwiddie, Governor, measures against the French on the Ohio recommended by, i. 74; Washington sent by, to the French commandant on the Ohio, i. 75; efforts of, in anticipation of the French and Indian war, i. 93; disputes of, with the Virginia house of burgesses, i. 94; efforts of, to raise troops to meet the French on the Ohio, i. 95; letter of Washington to, complaining of the inadequate pay of the colonial army officers, i. 102; measures of, after the surrender of Fort Necessity, i. 124; remark of, respecting colonial assemblies, i. 129; duplicity of, in his conduct toward Washington, i. 131, 237, 244; refusal of, to give up the prisoners taken by Washington in the skirmish with Jumonville, i. 132; conduct of, in relation to prisoners, retaliated by Contrecoeur, i. 133; letter of Washington to, after the battle of the Monongahela, i. 173; opposed to the command of the Virginia forces being given to Washington, i. 187; his recommendation of Washington for promotion, i. 194; ambiguous orders of, to Washington, i. 217; letters of Washington to, recommending offensive war on the Ohio, i. 221, 223; correspondence of Washington with, in relation to Lord Loudonn, i. 236; contemptible conduct of, toward Washington, i. 241; letter of Washington to, in relation to certain slanders, i. 243; departure of, for England--contrast between his character and that of Washington--death of, in 1770 (note), i. 246.

"Discourses on Davila," essays published by John Adams, iii. 188.

Dismal swamp, project of Washington for draining--description of, i. 311; the "Green sea" of, explored by Washington, i. 312.

District of Columbia, funds bequeathed by Washington for the endowment of a university in, iii. 48.

Districts, military, of Virginia, Washington in charge of one in 1751, i. 61.

Disunion, threatened in Virginia, in case Jay's treaty should be ratified, iii. 355.

Divine service, Washington a regular attendant upon, i. 337.

Documents, public, careful examination of, by Washington, iii. 114.

Donaldson, Mr., treaty with Algiers signed by, in 1795, iii. 380.

Donop, Count, mortally wounded in an attack upon Fort Mercer, ii. 560.

Donville, sent toward Fort Cumberland with a party of Indians--humane instructions of Dumas to--defeat of, by a Virginian named Paris--death of--scalp of, sent to Washington, and by him forwarded to Governor Dinwiddie, i. 209.

Dorchester Heights, proposed to be taken possession of and fortified, ii. 54; preparations for the attempt upon, ii. 60, 61; taken possession of, at night, by General Thomas--lines of fortification upon, drawn by Gridley, ii. 64; alarm of Howe on seeing the American fortifications on--reinforcements taken to, by Washington, in anticipation of an attack by Earl Percy, ii. 65; fortifications upon, strengthened by Washington, ii. 66; British attack upon, prevented by a tempest, ii. 67.

Dorchester Neck, houses on, destroyed by order of General Howe, ii. 59; cannonade upon Boston from, ii. 69.

Dress of Washington when president, iii. 589, 600, 603.

Drucour, Chevalier de, the defender of Louisburg, i. 261.

Drummond, Lord, flag of truce borne by--account of the previous movements of, ii. 257; parole of honor violated by--reproof administered to, by Washington, ii. 258; rumors respecting the mission of--subsequent acquaintance of, with General Lee (note), ii. 259.

Duché, Reverend Jacob, invited to read prayers in the continental Congress, i. 428, 528; psalm read by, and prayer of, i. 429; sermon preached by, on the fast-day, in Christ church, Philadelphia, before the continental Congress--extract from the sermon of, preached before Congress (note)--tory party subsequently joined by (note), i. 609; republicanism abjured by (note), ii. 564; letter of, to Washington, advising his abandonment of the Revolution (note)--death of, in Philadelphia, in 1794 (note), ii. 565.

Duer, President, incident related by, in connection with the retirement of Washington from office, iii. 475.

Dumas, General, pamphlet written by, on the military and political situation of France, iii. 499; letter of, to Washington, iii. 500.

Dumas, M., letter of Franklin to, requesting him to become a diplomatic agent--biographical notice of (note), ii. 124.

Dumas, successor of Contrecoeur at Fort Duquesne--humane instructions of, to Donville, i. 209.

Dunbar, Colonel, cowardly conduct of, after Braddock's defeat, i. 171, 172; remark of Franklin on the retreat of, i. 172.

Dunmore, earl of, successor of Lord Botetourt as governor of Virginia--dislike of the people of Virginia for, i. 374; unsuited for his position as governor, i. 375; friendly relations of, with Washington, i. 375, 395; claims of the soldiers to bounty-lands urged on, by Washington, i. 375; assembly of Virginia dissolved by, i. 383, 392; court circle of, at Williamsburg, i. 391; ball in honor of the wife of, attended by Washington, i. 394; training of the independent companies in Virginia warmly commended by, i. 471; expedition of, against the Indians on the Scioto, in 1774, i. 472; willingness of, to make peace, i. 473; suspicions excited against, by his conduct of the campaign, i. 474; powder of the province seized by, i. 517; flight of, from Williamsburg, i. 520; enmity of, toward the colonists, ii. 21; defeat of the forces sent by, to destroy Hampton, ii. 22; freedom proclaimed by, to slaves--republican printing-press, stolen by, from Norfolk, ii. 23; defeat of, by the Virginians, near Norfolk, ii. 24; Norfolk laid in ashes by, ii. 25; atrocious plans of, discovered by means of an intercepted letter, ii. 26; cruelties of, on the coasts of the southern states, ii. 108; movements of, on the Elizabeth river, ii. 109; ravages of, ii. 109, 110; driven from Gwyn's island by General Andrew Lewis--Mount Vernon threatened by--slaves kidnapped by, from Virginia plantations--final departure of, from America, ii. 110.

Duquesne, French and English civilization contrasted by (note), i. 72.

Dwight, Doctor, on the popular feeling with regard to independence (note), ii. 200.

Dwight, Jasper, severe strictures by, upon Washington's Farewell Address--extract from a pamphlet by, charging Washington with being a slaveholder (note), iii. 477.

Dysentery, Washington attacked by, in 1757, i. 245.

Eagle, Lord Howe's flag-ship, attempt to destroy (note), ii. 285.

Eastchester, Hessian chasseurs attacked near, by Colonel Hand, ii. 315.

East India Company, proposition of, to Parliament, in relation to the tea-tax--brief notice of (note), i. 386; tea from the vessels of, not allowed to be sold, i. 387; tea of, thrown overboard in Boston harbor--compensation offered to, by the colonies, for the destruction of their tea, i. 388.

Easton, Colonel, despatched by Montgomery to the mouth of the Sorel, to intercept Carleton, i. 699; capture of Carleton's fleet by, with prisoners and stores--General Prescott taken prisoner by--escape of Carleton from, to Quebec, i. 700.

Echard, Mrs. Susan, interesting record left by, of the scene at the reading of Washington's Valedictory in 1797, iii. 473.

Eden, Governor, of Maryland, government of Maryland abdicated by--treasonable correspondence of, ii. 184.

Education, early, of Washington, i. 24.

Education, interest taken by Washington in the cause of, iii. 48.

Elizabeth river, ravages of Sir George Collier on, ii. 653.

Elizabethtown Point, reception of Washington at, in 1789, by members of Congress, iii. 88.

Ellicott, Andrew, surveys of the federal city made by, iii. 178.

Embargo laid on British shipping in 1794, iii. 297.

Enos, Colonel, his desertion of Arnold on the march to Canada, i. 692.

Episcopacy, proposed by Bute and others to be established in the colonies (note), i. 314.

Episcopal clergy, generally loyal during the Revolutionary struggle, i. 463.

Estate of Washington, portions directed by his will to be sold, iii. 541.

Etiquette, queries of Washington in relation to, addressed to Adams, Jay, Hamilton, and Madison, iii. 105.

Eulogy, anonymous, on the character of Washington, on the back of a likeness by Sharpless, iii. 582.

Eutaw Springs, battle at, iii. 3.

Everett, Mr., remarks of, in relation to Washington's expedition to the Ohio, i. 92.

Excise act, passed in 1791, iii. 174, 307; opposition made to, at Pittsburgh and elsewhere, in 1792, iii. 216; measures of Washington for the enforcement of, iii. 217; modification of, in 1792, iii. 309; resistance to, in western Pennsylvania, iii. 307-320; further efforts in Congress to amend, iii. 310; denounced by the Democratic societies--proclamation of Washington in support of (note), iii. 311.

Executors of the will of Washington, iii. 542.

Fairfax, Bryan, urged by Washington to become a candidate for the Virginia house of burgesses--much attached to the British government (note), i. 399; letters of Washington to, urging the uselessness of petitions to the throne, i. 400, 405, 406; conservative and timid, i. 400; letter of, to Washington, in relation to the Revolutionary agitation, i. 414; visit of, to Valley Forge--biographical notice of (note), ii. 603.

Fairfax county courthouse, resolutions adopted at, by Washington and others, in 1774, i. 401-405; resolutions adopted at, readopted at the Williamsburg convention, i. 406.

Fairfax, George William, educated in England, i. 49; Washington's first surveying expedition undertaken in company with, i. 53; departure of, for England, to take possession of estates, i. 454.

Fairfax, Honorable William, father-in-law of Lawrence Washington, i. 43; biographical notice of (note), i. 49.

Fairfax, Mrs., letter of Washington to, from Mount Vernon, in 1798, iii. 489.

Fairfax, Thomas, the sixth lord, antiquity of the family of--brief biographical notice of, i. 47; personal appearance of, i. 48; splendid fortune and large estates of, i. 48, 52, 220; liberality and mode of living of, i. 49; young Washington his companion in hunting, i. 50; regard of, for young Washington, i. 51; a contributor to the Spectator (note), i. 220.

Fairfax, Thomas, the tenth lord, at Woodburne, Maryland, in 1855 (note), i. 49.

Falls of the Potomac, hurt received by Washington at, iii. 303.

Falmouth, bombarded and burnt by a squadron under Lieutenant Mowatt, i. 733; conduct of Mowatt at, disapproved of by the British ministry, i. 734.

Farewell Address, Washington's, iii 427; authorship of, according to Horace Binney (note), iii. 434; sensation produced by, iii. 449; strictures upon, by Jasper Dwight, of Vermont, iii. 477.

Farewell dinner of Washington on the eve of his retirement from office, iii. 471.

Farms of Washington, admirably managed by him, iii. 586.

Farnum, Jonathan, body of Doctor Warren identified by, i. 572.

Fauchet, M., appointed by the French government to succeed Genet--intercepted papers written by, placed in the hands of Washington--suspicion thrown on the integrity of Randolph by the papers of (note), iii. 361; a mercenary spirit charged upon Americans by, iii. 362.

Fauquier, Governor, arrival of, from England, i. 258; letter of Washington to, in relation to the abandonment of Fort Duquesne, i. 285; Washington resigns his commission to, after the capture of Fort Duquesne, i. 286; opposed to the stamp-act--adverse to a colonial Congress, i. 331.

Febiger, at the battle of Breed's hill, i. 568; with Arnold at Quebec, i. 697.

Federal and Republican parties, origin of, iii. 151.

Federalist, a series of essays by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, iii. 77; Washington's opinion respecting (note), iii. 78.

Federalists, Hamilton their leader, iii. 188.

Ferguson, Captain Patrick, party of infantry under Count Pulaski surprised by--expedition of, against Little Egg Harbor, ii. 643; dependence placed upon, by Cornwallis--body of tories raised by, in aid of Cornwallis--encampment of, at King's mountain, ii. 702; defeat and death of, at King's mountain, ii. 703.

Field-sports, fondness of Washington for, iii. 584.

Finances, deplorable state of, in 1789, iii. 100.

Flatbush, halt of the British at, on the way to Brooklyn, ii. 264.

Fleury, Louis, a captain in the continental army, ii. 497; bravery displayed by, at the battle of the Brandywine, ii. 510.

Folsom, Nathan, commander of New-Hampshire forces, i. 515.

Fontanes, Louis de, funeral oration pronounced by, in Paris, in honor of Washington, iii. 570.

Forbes, General, appointed by Pitt to command the expedition against Fort Duquesne in 1758, i. 253; an early commencement of the campaign urged upon, by Washington-- excessive caution of, i. 256; advice of Washington to, in relation to military movements, i. 271; anecdote of Indians in connection with the sickness of (note)--respect of, for the opinions of Washington, i. 279; sickness and weariness of, on his approach to Fort Duquesne, i. 282; death of, in Philadelphia (note), i. 285.

Forbes, the gunsmith, disclosures made by, of a tory conspiracy, ii. 175.

Forster, Captain, surrender of the fort at the Cedars to, ii. 149.

Fort Anne, retreat of the Americans from, to Fort Edward, ii. 467.

Fort Constitution, General Greene left in command of, ii. 314.

Fort Cumberland, Washington ordered to, i. 125, 224; Donville sent toward, i. 209; Virginia troops assembled at, i. 269; letter of Washington from, to Colonel Boquet, in relation to regimental clothing, i. 270; a rendezvous of troops sent against the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. 318.

Fort Duquesne, effect at, of the news of Jumonville's death, i. 113; expedition against, proposed by Braddock, i. 141; history of Braddock's expedition against, i. 141-171; M. Dumas, successor of Contrecoeur at, i. 209; General Forbes appointed to command the expedition against, in 1758, i. 253; new road to, from Raystown, decided upon by General Forbes, i. 271; Washington in favor of Braddock's road to, i. 273; delays in the expedition against, i. 274, 279, 281; effect in the camp at, of the news of the victory at Louisburg, i. 275; Major Grant sent by Colonel Boquet to reconnoitre--sortie from, upon Grant's Highlanders, i. 280; admirable conduct at, of the Virginians under Captain Bullitt, i. 281; French at, deserted by the Indians--reward offered by General Forbes for a deserter from--British flag planted on the smoking ruins of, by Washington, on the 25th of November, 1758, i. 283; name of changed to Fort Pitt--Pittsburgh now stands upon the site of, i. 284.

Fort Edward, cowardice of General Webb at, i. 250; approach of Burgoyne to, ii. 480.

Fort Frontenac, expedition undertaken against, by Colonel Bradstreet--description of, i. 267; surrender and demolition of--important influence of the surrender of, i. 268.

Fort Galpin, capture of, by Lee, iii. 2.

Fort George, at Coram, Long Island, surprised by Major Tallmadge, ii. 701.

Fort George, in New York, cannon removed from, by Captain Lamb, ii. 129.

Fort George, on Lake George, erected by Abercrombie in 1758, ii. 266; letter of Washington to Schuyler, in relation to the abandonment of (note), ii. 470.

Fort Griswold, massacre at, ii. 727.

Fort Independence, opposite Ticonderoga, constructed by the advice of Colonel John Trumbull (note), ii. 252, 254.

Fort Independence, near Kingsbridge, disregard of the garrison of, of Heath's summons to surrender, ii. 399.

Fort Johnson, near Charleston, republican flag raised on, the first in the South--description of the flag raised on (note), ii. 186.

Fort Johnston taken possession of, by militia-men under Colonel John Ashe, ii. 113.

Fort Le Boeuf, Washington at, in 1753, i. 83.

Fort Lee, evacuation of, ordered by Washington--landing of Cornwallis near, ii. 337; precipitate flight of the Americans from, ii. 338.

Fort Loudoun, erected by Washington at Winchester, in 1756, i. 214.

Fort Mercer, attack upon, by Hessians under Count Donop--gallant defence of, by Colonel Greene--Count Donop mortally wounded in the attack upon, ii. 560; ineffectual attempt of General Greene to relieve, ii. 562.

Fort Mifflin, British attack upon, ii. 561; escape of the garrison of, to Fort Mercer, ii. 562.

Fort Montgomery, completion of the obstructions at, recommended by Greene, Knox, and others, ii. 442; vessels at, abandoned and burned by the republicans, ii. 545; obstructions at, destroyed by the British fleet, ii. 546.

Fort Moultrie, formerly called Fort Sullivan, ii. 196.

Fort Necessity, letters of Washington from, to Governor Dinwiddie, i. 110; Queen Aliquippa at, i. 113; military road prepared near, by Washington, i. 116; Washington determines to await the approach of De Villiers at, i. 118; strengthened by Captain Robert Stobo--deserted by the Indians on the approach of the French, i. 120; great caution of the French in attacking--capitulation of Washington at, i. 121; terms of capitulation at, supposed to have been intentionally mistranslated by Van Braam, i. 122; abandoned by Washington on the 4th of July, 1754, i. 123.

Fort Niagara, expedition against, in 1759, under Prideaux and Johnson--death of Prideaux before, i. 290; skill and courage displayed by Sir William Johnson at the siege of--defeat of French and Indians near--capitulation of, to Sir William Johnson--garrison of, sent prisoners to New York, i. 291.

Fort Pitt, a portion of Washington's command left at, in 1758, in garrison, i. 284; besieged by Shingis in 1763, i. 320; visit of Washington to, in 1770, on his way to the Ohio country--White Mingo and George Croghan met by Washington at, i. 358.

Fort Putnam, Long Island, conflict witnessed by Washington from, ii. 273.

Fort Recovery, built by General Wayne in 1793, iii. 328.

Fort Schuyler, invested by St. Leger with a body of tories and Indians, ii. 484.

Fort Sullivan, erected by Colonel Moultrie, ii. 187; attack made upon, by a British fleet, ii. 190; the attack upon, as described by a British writer, ii. 192; deficient supply of ammunition in--great loss of life in the British ships engaged in the attack upon, ii. 193; name of, changed to Fort Moultrie, ii. 196; great importance of the American victory at, ii. 197.

Fort Washington, Washington against attempting its defence, ii 330; surrender of, to General Howe--comparative loss of British and Americans at, ii. 331; attack upon, proposed by Lafayette, ii. 701.

Fort William Henry, besieged by Montcalm in 1757--brave defence of, by Colonel George Monro, i. 250; massacre at, by Montcalm's Indians (note)--total demolition of, by Montcalm, i. 251.

Forts, western, refusal of the British to give up according to the treaty of 1783, iii. 99.

Fosdyke, Captain, attempt of, to destroy the Rose and Phoenix, ii. 238.

Fox, Charles James, his commendation of American resistance, i. 339; remarks of, on the character of Washington (note), iii. 290.

Fox-hunting at Mount Vernon, i. 309.

Frame of Washington, iii. 594.

France, designs of, against the English colonies, i. 65; war declared against, by England, in 1756, i. 228; sentiments of, toward England and the colonies, ii. 121; communication made by a secret agent of, to Jay, Franklin, and Jefferson--letter of Captain William Hull, in relation to secret agents of (note), ii. 123; arms and ammunition furnished by, in aid of the Americans, ii. 444; selfish policy of the government of, toward England and America, ii. 541; fête in the camp at Valley Forge, in celebration of the treaty with, ii. 611; danger of relaxation of American efforts, on the conclusion of the treaty with, ii. 612; the alliance with, a source of uneasiness to Washington, ii. 646; commercial advantages sought by, in 1789, iii. 115; disappointment caused to Lafayette by the course of the Revolution in, iii. 184; progress of the Revolution in, 184-187; nearly all Europe in arms against, in 1792--sympathy in the United States for the people of, iii. 220, 249, 273; thoughts of wise men respecting the Revolution in, iii. 220; disgust of Washington at the bloody character assumed by the Revolution in, iii. 221; gloomy accounts of the Revolution in, written by Gouverneur Morris, from Paris, iii. 223; efforts of Lafayette for the preservation of order in, iii. 224; influence of the Revolution in, on American politics, iii. 236; war declared by, against England, in 1793--king of, put to death by the National Convention, iii. 236; enthusiasm in favor of, in the United States, in 1793--possessions of, in America, guarantied by the treaty of 1778, iii. 237; little confidence of Washington in the government of, iii. 239; cabinet meeting held by Washington to consider relations with, iii. 240; British orders in council in relation to the colonial trade of, iii. 296; toasts given at a civic feast in Philadelphia to celebrate the victories of (note), iii. 348; a constitution established in, in 1795 (note), iii. 386; pen-picture of the Convention of (note), iii. 387; action of Congress on the presentation of colors of, by Adet, iii. 388; annoyance of the government of, at the execution of Jay's treaty, iii. 442; Charles Cotesworth Pinckney appointed minister to, in 1796, iii. 443; depredations committed by the cruisers of, on American commerce, iii. 466, 492, 505; war with, threatened in 1798, iii. 490; address of the Directory of, to Monroe, on receiving his letters of recall, iii. 493; Mr. Pinckney notified to leave--designs of the government of, toward the United States, iii. 494; change in public opinion in regard to, iii. 495; three special envoys sent to, in 1798, iii. 496; attempts of the government of, to extort money from American envoys, iii. 501; loan and bribe sought by the Directory of, iii. 502; indignation of the American people excited against--conduct of, justified by the Aurora, iii. 505; sustained by public sentiment in the southern states, iii. 507; disbelief of Washington in the probability of war with, iii. 508, 510, 526, 527; actual existence of war with, in 1799, iii. 529; new mission to, deprecated by the friends of Adams--termination of the difficulties with, iii. 530.

Francis, Doctor, reminiscences of, in relation to the arrival of Genet, iii. 248, 249.

Franklin, Benjamin, his plan of union of the colonies, i. 127; his opinion of the colonial governors--on the progress of the colonies--on the proprietaries of Pennsylvania, i. 144; in the camp of Braddock--conversation of, with Braddock, i. 148; urged by Braddock to procure wagons for the use of the army, i. 149; provisions obtained through the efforts of, for the regiments of Dunbar and Halket--first meeting of, with Washington, at Fredericktown, in 1755--highly spoken of, by Braddock, in his despatches, i. 150; his little confidence in Braddock's success, i. 165; remark of, on Dunbar's retreat, after the defeat of Braddock, i. 172; short military career of (note), i. 225; Washington welcomed to Philadelphia by, in 1757, i. 239; efforts of, in London, in opposition to the stamp-act, i. 324; letter of, to Charles Thomson, in relation to the stamp-act, i. 325; examination of, before a committee of Parliament, i. 334; opinion of, as to the tea-tax, i. 369; duplicity of Governor Hutchinson exposed by, i. 385; insulted by Solicitor-General Wedderburne (note)--office of postmaster-general of the colonies taken from (note), i. 386; general congress proposed by, i. 390, 392; activity of, in circulating the state papers of the continental Congress, i. 485; introduced by Lord Chatham into the house of lords, i. 488; remark of, in relation to a speech of Lord Chatham's--compliment paid to, by Lord Chatham, in the house of lords (note), i. 492; interviews of, with Admiral Howe and Miss Howe (note), i. 498; letters of, to Mr. Strahan and Doctor Priestley (note), i. 605; placed by the second continental Congress at the head of the post-office department--post-office account-book of, still preserved (note), i. 612; letter of, to Doctor Priestley, on the progress of British arms in America, i. 641; on the committee appointed by Congress to visit the camp at Cambridge, i. 729; balance of salary paid to, by Massachusetts, for services as colonial agent--money sent from England by the hands of, for the sufferers at Lexington, i. 737; at the head of a commission appointed to form a union with Canada, ii. 144; return of, from Canada, in company with the Reverend John Carroll, ii. 146; treaty of peace signed by, in 1782, iii. 15; meeting of Washington with, in 1785, iii. 62.

Fraser, General, mortally wounded at the second battle near Bemis's Heights, on the 7th of October, 1777, ii. 532; funeral of, at twilight, ii. 533.

Fraunces, Samuel, Washington's steward in New York, in 1789, iii. 112, 587; anecdote of (note), iii. 169, 587.

Fraunces's Tavern, parting of Washington and his officers at, in New York, iii. 33.

Frazier, trading-house of, on the Monongahela, i. 77, 91.

Frederick the Great, contempt of, for the German mercenaries, ii. 10; his opinion of Washington's achievements in the Jerseys (note), ii. 394; his appreciation of Washington as a general, iii. 580.

Fredericksburg (Patterson), camp of Washington at, ii. 642.

Fredericktown, Washington and Franklin meet at, for the first time, in 1756, i. 150.

Freemasons, desirous of being present at the funeral of Washington, iii. 538.

French and Indian War, cost of, to the colonies, i. 316.

French officers, blank commissions for, sent to Washington by Congress, ii. 446.

Freneau, Philip, editor of the National Gazette in 1791, iii. 197; Jefferson's own account of his connection with the journal of, iii. 215; Washington annoyed by the attacks of, iii. 253; good done by the paper of, according to Jefferson--remarks of Irving respecting Jefferson's support of, iii. 254; Washington's opinion of the journal of, iii. 268.

Frestel, M., arrival of, in the United States, with young Lafayette, in 1795, iii. 373; letter of Washington to, in relation to young Lafayette, iii. 375; encomium bestowed upon, by Washington, iii. 377; with young Lafayette at Mount Vernon in 1797, iii. 479.

Fry, Colonel Joshua, commander of the troops destined for the Ohio in 1754--Washington his second in command, i. 96; sudden death of, i. 113; biographical notice of (note), i. 114.

Funeral honors paid by Congress to the memory of Washington, iii. 563.

"Funeral of George Washington," a pasquinade, introduced by Knox at a cabinet council, iii. 269.

Funeral of Washington, iii. 558; order of the procession at, iii. 559.

Funeral orations at the death of Washington, iii. 566, 570.

Gadsden, Colonel Christopher, control of troops in Charleston assumed by, ii. 187; confinement of, in the castle of St. Augustine, ii. 673; hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 354.

Gage, Colonel Thomas (afterward General), with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152; friendly letter of, to Washington, i. 197; troops of, brought into Boston, to awe the inhabitants, i. 345; governor of Massachusetts in 1774, i. 396; received in Boston with respect, i. 397; contest of, with the Massachusetts assembly--fortifications built by, on Boston Neck, i. 398; instructions of Lord Dartmouth to, as to his conduct in Massachusetts, i. 415; fruitless attempts of, to prevent political assemblages, i. 416; letter of Doctor Warren to, in relation to an agreement violated by him, i. 514; martial law declared by, i. 552; Charlestown set on fire by order of, i. 565; anxiety of, to escape to New York, i. 627; had been a personal friend of Washington, i. 630; letters of Washington to, in relation to his treatment of prisoners, i. 631, 683; verses on the cattle-stealing of, i. 638; summoned to England by the king--biographical notice of (note), i. 730.

Gallatin, Albert, secretary of a convention in opposition to the excise laws in 1794, iii. 316; resolution of Edward Livingston, demanding papers relating to Jay's treaty, sustained by, iii. 392; conspicuous part taken by, in the debates on Jay's treaty, iii. 401; remarks of Hildreth on the speech of--replied to, by Tracy, of Connecticut, iii. 404; regard of Jefferson for, iii. 417.

Galloway, Joseph, dangerous plan of union of, i. 435; plan of union of, opposed by Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams, i. 437; plan of, rejected by a majority of one, i. 438; subsequently a violent loyalist (note), i. 445; agents of, hanged as spies and traitors, i. 462.

Gardner, Colonel, death of, while marching to the help of Prescott, at Breed's hill, i. 568.

Gaspé, account of the burning of the, i. 381.

Gates, Captain Horatio (afterward General), with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152; chosen by Congress adjutant-general--biographical notice of, i. 546; at the camp at Cambridge, i. 587; appointed by Congress to the command of the army in Canada, ii. 153, 246; sent to Philadelphia by Washington, to confer with Congress, ii. 156; appointed major-general by Congress, ii. 157; ambitious character of, ii. 245, 367, 420; insinuations of, calculated to injure Schuyler, ii. 249; extraordinary powers granted to, by Congress--unpleasant feelings produced in the army by the unusual powers granted to (note), ii. 246; surprise of Schuyler at the conduct of--duplicity of, ii. 247, 420; letter of Schuyler to Washington in relation to the claims of, ii. 248; letter of, to Washington, in relation to the abandonment of Crown Point, ii. 253; order and discipline restored by, to the army of the North, ii. 254; appointed by Congress to the command of the army at Ticonderoga, ii. 420; slanders of Schuyler written by--impertinent letter written by, to Washington, ii. 423; refusal of, to act under Schuyler--admitted to the floor of Congress through the instrumentality of Roger Sherman, ii. 424; machinations of, against Schuyler, ii. 477; chosen by Congress to command the northern army, ii. 479; literary vanity of (note), ii. 483; military movements of, criticised by John Adams, ii. 516; courteous reception of, by Schuyler, ii. 520; estimate of the character of, by Gouverneur Morris, ii. 521; force and position of the army of, at Bemis's Heights, ii. 523; jealousy of, greatly excited against Arnold, ii. 526; inactivity of, until after the capture of the Hudson highlands, ii. 528; letter of Washington to, requesting the aid of Morgan's corps, ii. 549; desire of, to see Washington entirely defeated, ii. 550; conspiracy in Congress and the army to elevate, over Washington, ii. 564; correspondence of, with Washington, in relation to a letter of Conway, ii. 582; challenge sent to, by Wilkinson (note),--placed at the head of a new board of war, ii. 584; intention of the friends of, to have him made commander-in-chief--expedition against Canada planned by, to detach Lafayette from Washington, ii. 585; appointed by Congress to command the army of the South--prophetic warning of General Lee to, ii. 681; great things expected from, in the South, ii. 682; combined attack of Cornwallis and Rawdon upon--total defeat of, at Sanders's creek, ii. 683; letter of, to Washington, after his defeat, ii. 684; inquiry into the conduct of, at Camden, ii. 698; meeting of officers at Newburg presided at by, iii. 18.

Genealogy of the Washington family, i. 17.

General Advertiser, edited by a grandson of Franklin--action of Genet supported by, iii. 259.

Genet, Edmund Charles, arrival of, at Charleston, in 1793--practical democracy of, iii. 288; secret reasons of, for landing at Charleston--enthusiastic reception of, iii. 243; letters of marque issued by, iii. 244; reception of, at Philadelphia, iii. 244, 246; abashed in the presence of Washington, iii. 246; banquet given in honor of, in Philadelphia--offended at seeing a bust of Louis XVI. in the house of the president, iii. 247; Doctor Francis on the reception of, in New York, iii. 248, 249; complaints of Mr. Hammond of the conduct of--duplicity of, iii. 252; Jefferson's opinion of the mission of, iii. 253; letter of, to Jefferson, announcing his mission, iii. 254; propositions of, not received with favor by the United States government, iii. 255; letter of, to the secretary of state, in relation to privateers, iii. 258; privateer fitted out by, ordered to leave American waters, iii. 259; letter of, to Jefferson, in relation to the arrest of American citizens on board the Citizen Genet, iii. 260; appeal of, from the president to the people--letter of, to Jefferson, on neutrality, iii. 261; party contentions respecting the claims of, iii. 262; outrageous conduct of, with regard to Le Petit Democrat-- misapprehensions of, corrected by Jefferson, iii. 265; government determines to request the recall of--irritation of Washington at the idea of a contest with, iii. 269; required to give up all vessels captured by his privateers, iii. 270; popularity of, in the Southwest, iii. 274; visit of, to New York, iii. 276; angry letter written by, to Jefferson, iii. 278; Jefferson disgusted with, iii. 279; revulsion of public feeling with regard to, iii. 280; rebuke administered to, by Jefferson--Washington's course in relation to, approved by Congress, iii. 287; recalled by the government of France--M. Fauchet appointed to succeed, iii. 295; marriage of, to the daughter of Governor Clinton--death of, at Greenbush, in 1834, iii. 296.

Gentlemen Associators, inactivity of, i. 213, 251, 220.

George II., biographical notice of (note), i. 314.

George III., determination of, to bring the colonies into unconditional submission, i. 485; caricature of, published in England, i. 486; speech of, at the opening of Parliament in 1776, ii. 2; electoral troops of (note), ii. 4; goodness of heart of, ii. 10; leaden statue of, in New York, converted into bullets, ii. 214; portrait of, in Nassau Hall, Princeton, injured by a cannon-shot (note), ii. 389; conversation of Jay with, in 1795, iii. 338; ratification of Jay's treaty by, in 1790, iii. 390.

Georgia, colony of, planted in the year of Washington's birth, i. 17; personal description of representatives from, in the continental Congress, in 1775 (note), i. 727; invasion of, by Colonel Campbell--General Robert Howe, in command of the Americans in--command of the royal forces in, taken by General Prevost, ii. 650.

Germain, Lord George, his approbation of General Howe's abandonment of Boston, ii. 86, 89.

German mercenaries, high price paid for, by the British government, ii. 6; employment of, condemned in the house of commons, ii. 7; departure of, from England, for the St. Lawrence, ii. 89.

Germantown, army of Washington encamped at, ii. 489; retreat of Washington to, after the battle of the Brandy wine--thirty hogsheads of rum sent to the troops at, by order of Congress, ii. 511; account of the battle at, ii. 552-557; the delay at Chew's house the cause of the loss of the battle of, ii. 554; retreat of the American army at, covered by General Greene--comparative losses of the British and Americans at, ii. 556; the British almost defeated at, ii. 557; impression produced in Europe by the battle at, ii. 559; proposed assemblage of Congress at, in 1793, iii. 282; family of Washington at, in 1794, iii. 333.

Gerry, Elbridge, special envoy to France in 1798, iii. 496; detention of, in France, by a threat of Talleyrand, iii. 504.

Gibbon, the historian, doubts of, as to British success in America--political character of (note), i. 495.

Giles, Mr., motion of, in Congress, to expunge certain language complimentary to Washington, iii. 460; motion of, sustained by Andrew Jackson, iii. 461.

Gist, Christopher, employed by the Ohio Company, in 1750, to explore their lands, i. 71; Washington's guide in his Ohio expedition, i. 76; his narrative of adventures in company with Washington, i. 88; guide of General Braddock, i. 161.

Glover, Colonel, evacuation of New York by patriot troops commenced under the superintendence of, ii. 294; troops ferried over the Delaware by, ii. 370, 371.

Gordon, Doctor, letter of Washington to, denying any intention to resign the command of the army (note), ii. 588; letter of Washington to, from Mount Vernon, in 1798, iii. 488.

Goshen meeting-house, retreat of Washington from, ii. 513.

Governors, colonial, meeting of, at New York, i. 201.

Governor's Island, taken possession of, by a body of continentals, ii. 84.

Grafton, duke of, advice given to the king by, ii. 5.

Graham, Catharine Macaulay, visit of, to Mount Vernon, iii. 48; letter of Washington to, on the formation of the Federal Constitution, iii. 75.

Grahame, Doctor, on the character of Washington, i. 346, 536.

Grange, the, a British vessel, captured by L'Embuscade, iii. 245; complaints of Mr. Hammond respecting the capture of, iii. 252; restoration of, determined on by the American government, iii. 256.

Grant, Colonel (afterward General), Cherokees subdued by, in 1701, i. 302; at the battle of Long Island, ii. 266, 271; foolish boast of, in the house of commons, heard by Lord Stirling (note), ii. 266.

Grattan, the champion of civil and religious freedom, i. 370.

Graves, Admiral, arrival of, at New York, ii. 680; attacked by De Grasse off the capes of Virginia, ii. 730.

Gray's ferry, triumphal arches reared at, in honor of Washington, in 1789, iii. 86.

Great Britain, suspected policy of, in relation to the American colonies, i. 67; address of the second continental Congress to the people of, i. 606; unsettled relations with, in 1793, iii. 271; treatment of neutral shipping by, in 1793--services of British-born seamen claimed by, iii. 272; western posts retained by--irritation of the American people against, in 1793--judicial decision respecting debts due to merchants of, before the Revolution, iii. 273; war with, imminent in 1793-'4, iii. 283, 297; discriminating duties as against, recommended by Jefferson, iii. 287; subjects in dispute with, in 1795, iii. 336.

Great Kenawha, voyage of Washington down the Ohio to the mouth of, in 1770, i. 359; ascended by Washington fourteen miles--Indian met with at, who had fired at Washington fifteen times, i. 360; night-attack upon Colonel Lewis at, i. 473; tour of Washington to visit, in 1784, iii. 42.

Great Meadows, Washington at, i. 104; Fort Necessity erected at, i. 109; rumored approach of De Villiers toward, with twelve hundred men, i. 117; inactivity of South-Carolinians at, i. 118, 119; Washington's comments on De Villiers's account of the affair at (note), i. 122; killed and wounded at, i. 123; Washington's conduct at, approved by the governor and council, i. 124.

Greaton, Captain, forage belonging to the British destroyed by, i. 617.

Greenburg hills, encampment of the allied armies among, ii. 723.

Greene, Lieutenant-Colonel Christopher, with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 683, 697; murder of, ii. 721.

Greene, Nathanael, services of, in the field, commenced after the battle of Lexington, i. 513; appointed brigadier-general in the continental army, i. 548; address made by, to Washington, welcoming him to the camp at Cambridge, i. 615; conduct of the New England troops defended by, i. 758; defensive works prepared by, at Brooklyn, ii. 171; sickness of, when the British landed on Long Island, ii. 264; urgency of, for the destruction of New York, ii. 287; tour of inspection of, to the forts on the Hudson Highlands, ii. 441; skilful movement of, at the battle of the Brandywine, ii. 507; retreat of the American army at Germantown covered by, ii. 556; important service rendered by, to the army at Valley Forge, as quartermaster, ii. 599; chosen to supersede Gates in command of the southern forces, ii. 698; arrival of, at Charlotte, ii. 699; confidence inspired among the southern republicans by the presence of, ii. 702; retreat of, from the Catawba to Virginia, followed by Cornwallis--return of, to North Carolina, ii. 716; repulse of, by Cornwallis, at Guilford courthouse--surprise and defeat of, by Lord Rawdon, at Hobkirk's hill, ii. 719; siege of Ninety-Six by, iii. 2; letters of Washington to, urging the necessity for preparations for a campaign in 1782, iii. 6; Charleston taken possession of by, iii. 12.

Greene, Mrs. General, visit of Washington to, on his southern tour, iii. 181.

Green Mountain Boys, recommended by Congress for the invasion of Canada, i. 653; Ethan Allen rejected by, i. 658; insubordination of, i. 669, 670.

Green, Reverend Ashbel, his personal reminiscences of Washington, iii. 587.

Greenway Court, hospitality of Lord Fairfax at, i. 48; letter of Washington from, at the age of fifteen, i. 49; library at, accessible to young Washington, i. 57.

Grenville, George, the stamp-act submitted to the house of commons by, i. 322; reply of Pitt to an interrogatory of--christened "the gentle shepherd," i. 324.

Grey, General, party of horse under Colonel Baylor surprised by, ii. 643.

Gridley, Captain Samuel, inefficiency of (note), i. 562.

Gridley, Colonel, good discipline of his corps of artillery, i. 553; lines of the intrenchments on Breed's hill drawn by, at night, i. 557; wounded at Breed's hill, i. 569; lines of fortification upon Dorchester Heights drawn by, ii. 64.

Grier, Mrs., fortitude displayed by, while accompanying Arnold's Quebec expedition, i. 693.

Griffiths, David, warning of Lee's treachery at Monmouth given by, on the eve of the battle, ii. 623.

Grimes, Miss, afterward Mrs. Lee, supposed youthful passion of Washington for, i. 47.

Guilford courthouse, battle of, ii. 717.

Guizot, encomium pronounced by, upon the character of Washington, iii. 580.

Gulligher, Mr., one sitting given to, by Washington, at Portsmouth, in 1789, iii. 133.

Gunpowder, Gage's seizure of, at Cambridge, i. 426.

Habits of Washington, iii. 584.

Hale, Captain Nathan, sent by Washington as a spy to Long Island, ii. 294; manner of the death of, ii. 297.

Hale, Colonel, apology for the surrender of, to an inferior force (note), ii. 466.

Halifax, General Howe at, ii. 84.

Halket, Major, letter of Washington to, in relation to the route to Fort Duquesne, i. 273.

Halket, Sir Peter, death of, at the battle of the Monongahela, i. 168.

Hamilton, Alexander, concerned in the seizure of cannon at Fort George, in New York, ii. 129; commencement of Washington's acquaintance with (note)--high commendation of, by General Greene, ii. 301; at the battle of White Plains, ii. 318; false information put into the hands of a spy, by a trick of (note), ii. 415; admitted to the military family of Washington at Middlebrook--confidence of Washington in--Captain Graydon's recollections of, ii. 456; saved by the speed of his horse--letter of, to Congress, giving warning of the rapid approach of Howe, ii. 513; sent to Philadelphia by Washington to procure supplies for the troops--note of instructions of Washington to, ii. 517; sent by Washington to Gates for reinforcements--obstructed by Putnam, ii. 550; authority assumed by, by the advice of Governor Clinton, ii. 551; misunderstanding between Washington and (note), ii. 712; The Continentalist written by, iii. 56; opinions of Washington concurrent with, on the new constitution, iii. 71; success of the new constitution argued by, iii. 76; informal nomination of Washington for the presidency by, iii. 79; opinions of, with regard to presidential etiquette, iii. 107; testimony of Robert Morris to the financial ability of--made secretary of the treasury by Washington, iii. 121; financial scheme of, presented to Congress in 1790, iii. 140; discussions caused by the financial report of, iii. 143, 144; admiration of, for the British constitution, iii. 149; hostility of Jefferson to, iii. 150, 173, 174, 206, 208; a national bank advocated by, iii. 171; at the head of the Federalists, iii. 188; re-election of Washington desired by, iii. 218; letter of Washington to, in relation to his feud with Jefferson, iii. 211; charges brought against, in Congress, in 1792, iii. 282; falsity of the charges brought against, iii. 232; remarks of, in relation to the Revolution in France, iii. 250; intention of, to resign his position in the cabinet, iii. 274; attacked with yellow fever in 1793, iii. 280; wish of Washington to send him as envoy extraordinary to England--nomination of, opposed by Monroe, iii. 298; letter of, to Washington, nominating Jay as minister to England, iii. 299; with the army sent to put down the Whiskey Insurrection, in 1794, iii. 319; plan prepared by, for the redemption of the public debt--office resigned by, in 1795, iii. 329; succeeded by Oliver Wolcott, iii. 330; stones thrown at, while addressing a meeting in New York, iii. 352; Jay's treaty defended by, through the press, iii. 369; letter of Washington to, giving reasons for not furnishing to Congress papers relating to Jay's treaty, iii. 394; suggestions of, used by Washington in the preparation of his Farewell Address, iii. 426; letter of, to Washington, in 1798, in relation to the troubles with France, iii. 506; willing to accept the office of inspector-general in 1798 (note), iii. 509; letter of, to Washington, urging his acceptance of the commission of commander-in-chief, iii. 514; placed by Washington at the head of his list of generals, in 1798--Washington's high appreciation of, iii. 517; conference of, with M'Henry and Pinckney, in relation to the provisional army in 1798, iii. 525; executive department of the provisional army left by Washington in the hands of, iii. 526; adverse to Adams's hasty sending of envoys to France, iii. 530; last letter written by Washington addressed to, iii. 549.

Hamilton, Robert, minute-guns fired from the schooner of, at Washington's funeral, iii. 559.

Hammond, Mr., minister plenipotentiary from England to the United States in 1792, iii. 223; attention paid to the complaints of, iii. 256; unsettled relations with England on the arrival of, iii. 271; intercepted papers of M. Fauchet's placed by, in the hands of Mr. Wolcott, iii. 362.

Hampton, unsuccessful attempt of Lord Dunmore to destroy, ii. 22.

Hancock, John, desire of, to be appointed commander-in-chief, i. 533, 534; outlawed by General Gage, i. 552; appointed major-general of Massachusetts militia--desirous of military distinction (note), ii. 60; the Declaration of Independence first printed with his name alone--letter of, to Washington, enclosing the Declaration of Independence, ii. 213; official pride of, iii. 129; visit paid by, to Washington, in Boston, iii. 130.

Handbills, incendiary, dispersed in the British camp at Boston, i. 637.

Hand, Colonel, Hessian chasseurs attacked by, near Eastchester, ii. 315; stationed near the present site of Fort Hamilton, with riflemen, ii. 261; stacks of wheat and hay burned by--biographical notice of, ii. 262; march of the British checked by, at Flatbush, ii. 264; appointed adjutant-general in the force sent against the whiskey insurgents, in 1794, iii. 315.

Hands, great size of Washington's, iii. 595.

Harlem heights, fortified camp of Washington upon, ii. 297; letters of Washington from, to Congress, on the state of the army, ii. 301.

Harlem plains, battle on, ii. 299.

Harmar, General, expedition of, against Indians on the Scioto, in 1790, iii. 156; ill success of the expedition of, in the Ohio country, in 1790, iii. 166.

Harrington, Jonathan, fifer of the minute-men at Lexington (note), i. 506.

Harrison, Benjamin, Washington's journey to the second continental Congress in company with, i. 528; his condemnation of the petition of Congress to the king, i. 606; letter of Washington to, in relation to inland navigation, iii. 44.

Harrison, Robert H., appointed associate judge of the supreme court in 1789, iii. 122.

Hartford, journey of Washington to, to confer with French officers, ii. 686; reception of Washington in, in 1789, iii. 126.

Hartley, David, scheme of, for conciliating the colonies, i. 499.

Harvard College, degree of Doctor of Laws conferred upon Washington by, ii. 80; names attached to the instrument conferring the degree (note), ii. 81.

Haviland, Colonel, with Amherst at the siege of Montreal, in 1760, i. 301.

Hawley, Major Joseph, words of, quoted by Patrick Henry (note), i. 480.

Hazelwood, Captain, fire-ships constructed by, on the Hudson, ii. 237.

Hazlitt's description of Washington's personal appearance, iii. 590.

Head of Elk, Sir William Howe at, ii. 497; risk of capture run by Washington at, ii. 498.

Heath, General, militia under the command of, at the battle of Lexington, i. 509; appointed brigadier general in the continental army, i. 548; brief biographical notice of, i. 549; despatched with troops for the defence of New York, ii. 82; dislike of General Lee for, ii. 344, 345; graphic account written by, of an interview with General Lee (note), ii. 345; commendation of, by Washington--picture given by, of the destitution of the American army (note), ii. 346; disregard paid to his summons by the garrison of Fort Independence, ii. 399; letter of Washington to, after his retirement to private life, iii. 482.

Hedges, Solomon, primitive style of living of, i. 54.

Heights of Abraham, scaled by Arnold at the siege of Quebec, i. 701.

Hendrik, sachem of the Mohawks, speech of, i. 128.

Henfield, arrest of, for enlisting on the privateer Citizen Genet, iii. 259; trial and acquittal of, iii. 267.

Henry, Judge John Joseph, extract from his narrative relating to Arnold's Quebec expedition, i. 693.

Henry, Patrick, resolutions offered by, in the Virginia assembly, in relation to the stamp-act, i. 327; Washington present at the debate on the resolutions offered by, i. 329; the friends of the resolutions of, re-elected, i. 331; Washington's journey to the first and second continental Congresses in company with, i. 417, 528; powerful speech of, at the opening of the first continental Congress, i. 423; his opinion of Washington and Rutledge, i. 450; resolutions offered by, at the second Virginia convention, i. 477; payment for the powder seized by Lord Dunmore, obtained by, i. 519; predictions of, on the subject of independence, ii. 200; letter of Washington to, revealing the weakness of his army, ii. 578; anonymous letter received by, from the Conway Cabal, ii. 587; adverse to the constitution, iii. 77; letter of Washington to, in 1795, when offering him the office of secretary of state, iii. 371; mission to France declined by, in 1799, iii. 529.

Herbert, Mr., remarks of, on hunting in America (note), i. 50.

Herrick, Captain, expedition of, against Skenesborough, i. 645.

Hertburn, William de, of Wessington manor, i. 18.

Hesse Cassel, landgrave of, mercenaries furnished by, ii. 6.

Hesse, prince of, mercenaries furnished by, ii. 6.

Hessians, reliance placed on, by the British ministry, ii. 8; land offered to such as would leave the British service--resolution of Congress printed and circulated among, as tobacco papers (note), ii. 260; kind treatment by Washington of those made prisoners at Trenton, ii. 377; brutal conduct of, in New Jersey, ii. 398.

Hewling, J. M., song written by, ii. 13.

Hickey, Thomas, arrested on a charge of conspiracy against the life of Washington, ii. 175; condemnation and execution of, ii. 176.

Highlanders, Scotch, loyalty of, ii. 104, 114.

Highland passes, measures of General George Clinton for the defence of, ii. 219.

Highlands of the Hudson, measures taken to repress insurrection in, ii. 310; imminent peril of the country below, ii. 311; measures taken by Washington for the defence of, ii. 323; impression made upon Washington by the grandeur of their scenery, ii. 324.

Hildreth, remarks of, respecting Washington's message to the third Congress, iii. 285.

Hinman, Colonel, placed in command of the lake forts by Governor Trumbull--difficulties of, with Arnold, i. 648; want of discipline among the troops of, i. 656.

Hobby, first schoolmaster of Washington, i. 24, 27.

Hobkirk's hill, defeat of Greene by Lord Rawdon at, ii. 719.

Holland, noble conduct of the states-general of, ii. 6; sentiments of, toward England and the colonies, ii. 121; gunpowder shipped from, to America, in gin-bottles, ii. 122.

"Home," a term used by Washington when speaking of England, as late as 1769, i. 348.

Homestead of the Washington family in Virginia, i. 23.

Hopkins, Commodore Esek, squadron under the command of--his disobedience of orders, ii. 108; dismissed from the service, ii. 109.

Horsemanship of Washington, iii. 596.

Horses, fine stud kept by Washington, iii. 584.

Hotham, Commodore, departure of, for America, with Hessians, ii. 90.

Houdon, the sculptor, at Mount Vernon--the statue of Washington at Richmond executed by, iii. 50.

Hounds, kennel of, kept by Washington, iii. 584; sent by Lafayette to Washington in 1785, iii. 585.

Howe, Admiral Lord, sent with a fleet to co-operate with General Howe--unwillingness of, to serve against the Americans, ii. 89; powers of, as a peace-commissioner, ii. 222; efforts of, to communicate with Washington--letter of Dennis de Berdt to Joseph Reed, brought from England by, ii. 223; refusal of Washington to receive the letter sent by, ii. 225, 227; "circular" and "declaration" of, directed by Congress to be published, ii. 228; terms of reconciliation offered by, such as could not be accepted, ii. 229; no part of his design to attack New York with the shipping (note), ii. 267; committee appointed by Congress to confer with, ii. 290; account of the conference with, published in England (note), ii. 294; letter of Franklin to, in relation to the question of reconciliation (note), ii. 292; in the Delaware with his fleet, ii. 551.

Howe, Colonel Robert, in command of patriot troops in Norfolk, ii. 24, 25.

Howe, General Sir William, with Wolfe at the siege of Quebec, i. 293; address of, to his soldiers, at Breed's hill, i. 563; disposition of, friendly toward the Americans--friendship between Franklin and, i. 620; successor to General Gage, i. 730; confidence of, in the strength of his position in Boston, ii. 48; evacuation of Boston by, ii. 68, 85; departure of, from Boston, hastened by the fear of a general assault, ii. 71; intentions and movements concealed by, ii. 81, 143, 256, 427, 473, 475, 490; British prisoners and store-ships taken in Boston harbor through the negligence of, ii. 83; retirement of, to Halifax, ii. 84: defence of, in Parliament, by the duke of Manchester, ii. 87; arrival of, in the harbor of New York, ii. 178; assistance expected by, from the loyalists, ii. 179; Colonel Patterson sent to Washington by, with a letter from Lord Howe, ii. 226; large and well-appointed army under the command of, at Staten Island, ii. 240; proclamation issued by, to the people of Long Island, ii. 266; misgivings of, as to ultimate success, ii. 300; humanity of--efforts of, to recruit his army with tories, ii. 309; advances of, on the East river, ii. 311; movements of, at White Plains, ii. 316; houses in New Jersey burned by, ii. 452; landing of, at the head of Chesapeake bay, ii. 497; march of, hindered by the want of horses and wagons--proclamation issued by, ii. 499; dilatoriness of--humanity of (note), ii. 512; marching and counter-marching of, along the Schuylkill, ii. 515; march of, upon Philadelphia, ii. 516; supplies from the country cut off from, ii. 597; resignation of, accepted by the British ministry--Sir Henry Clinton the successor of--fête at Philadelphia, in honor of, on his departure, ii. 614.

Howe, Lord Edward, in the expedition against Ticonderoga, under General Abercrombie, i. 262; death of--money appropriated in Massachusetts for a monument to, in Westminster Abbey, i. 264.

Howe, Richard and William, commissioners for restoring peace to the colonies, ii. 90.

Howell, David, appointed commissioner for ascertaining the true river St. Croix, iii. 423.

Howell, Governor, third in command in the force sent to put down the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. 315.

Hubbardton, battle at, ii. 466; Major Ackland wounded at, ii. 467.

Huddy, Captain, hanged by loyalists under Captain Lippincott, iii. 13.

Hudson Highlands, account of the capture of, by Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 542-545.

Hudson's river, commencement of fortifications on, ii. 126, 127; measures of General Howe for taking possession of, ii. 218; vessels sent up, by General Howe, anchored in Tappaan sea, ii. 221; movements of the Rose and Phoenix on, ii. 235; obstructions placed in, ii. 237, 440; attempt of Captains Fosdyke and Thomas to destroy the Rose and Phoenix, ii. 238; property destroyed on, by British vessels-of-war, ii. 547.

Huguenot settlers, descendants of, on the side of the patriots in the Revolutionary struggle, i. 464.

Humphreys, Colonel, subject of presidential etiquette intrusted to, iii. 109; letter of Washington to, after his southern tour, in 1791, iii. 182; letter of Washington to, speaking of his love of retirement, iii. 235; appointed a commissioner to treat with the dey of Algiers--formation of a navy recommended by, iii. 293; appointed minister to Spain in 1796, iii. 423.

Hunting-costume of Washington before the Revolution, iii. 585.

Hunting-days at Mount Vernon before the Revolution, iii. 585.

Hunting-shirts recommended by Washington for the continental army, i. 592.

Huntington, countess of, papers transmitted to Washington by, in relation to the Christianization of the Indians, iii. 49.

Husbands, Herman, arrested on suspicion of being concerned in the Whiskey Insurrection (note), iii. 320.

Hutchinson, Governor, an enemy to free institutions, though a native--duplicity of, discovered by Doctor Franklin--letters of, read in secret session of the Massachusetts assembly, by Samuel Adams, i. 385; removal of, petitioned for--excitement in England on the publication of the letters of (note), i. 396; superseded by General Gage, i. 396; hung in effigy at Boston, i. 397.

Illness of Washington in 1789, iii. 116; in 1790, iii. 162.

Improvements, internal, attention of Washington given to, iii. 46.

Inauguration, Washington's first, iii. 92; solemnity of the scene at, iii. 94; address of Washington at, iii. 95; ball given at, in honor of Washington's, iii. 109.

Inauguration. Washington's second--address of Washington at, iii. 233; description of, by an eye-witness (note), iii. 234.

Independence, not aimed at by the first continental Congress--sentiments of delegates in regard to (note), i. 452; letter of Joseph Reed to Dartmouth, in relation to, i. 453; the idea of, not prevalent out of New England, i. 536; not aimed at by the second continental Congress, i. 607; advocated by Thomas Paine, in his "Common Sense," ii. 11; growing desire for, in the public mind, ii. 52, 199, 202; subject of, brought before Congress by Richard Henry Lee--testimony of Doctor Dwight, as to the popular feeling on the subject of (note)--predictions of Patrick Henry with regard to, ii. 200; Otis, Samuel Adams, Franklin, and John Adams, early in favor of, ii. 201; steps taken in various colonies in relation to, ii. 203; resolution in relation to, offered by John Adams in Congress, ii. 204; committee appointed by Congress to prepare a declaration of--resolution of, adopted on the second of July, 1776, ii. 206; continued debates in Congress on the subject of, ii. 207; friends and opponents of, in Congress--unanimous vote of the thirteen colonies in favor of the declaration of, ii. 208; declaration of, as voted for, ii. 209-213; reluctant consent of George III. to, iii. 15.

Indian prophecy respecting the destinies of Washington, iii. 43.

Indians, insight into the character of, acquired by Washington while surveying, i. 58; their views of French and English claims, i. 66; necessity of conciliating, urged by Washington, i. 193; power of, for mischief, i. 207; necessity of employing, to oppose Indians, i. 210; anecdote illustrating the simplicity of (note), i. 279; commissioners appointed by the second continental Congress to treat with, i. 608; hostility of, in 1789, iii. 115; desire of Washington to civilize, iii. 177; hostile position of, in the Northwest, in 1793, iii. 273; the use of, recommended by Washington to General Schuyler, ii. 143.

Ingersoll, Jared, his resignation of his office as stamp-distributor--advice of Franklin to (note), i. 332.

Innes, Colonel, Washington under the orders of, when at Great Meadows, i. 114; personal attachment of Dinwiddie to, i. 187; anxiety of Dinwiddie that he should supplant Washington in the command of the Virginia troops, i. 211, 216.

Iredell, James, description by, of a ball in celebration of Washington's birthday, iii. 469.

Ireland, troops voted by the Parliament of, for the American service, ii. 6; address of the second continental Congress to the people of, i. 610.

Iroquois, early friendship of, with the English, i. 66, 69.

Irving, Washington, the inauguration of Washington witnessed by, iii. 93; remarks of, on Jefferson's support of Freneau, iii. 254; anecdote of Nelly Custis told by, iii. 488.

Isle aux Noix, expedition of Schuyler and Montgomery against, i. 663; address issued from, by General Schuyler, to the inhabitants of Canada, i. 665; retreat of the American army to, from Canada, ii. 166.

Isle la Motte, retreat of Sullivan to, ii. 167.

Jack, Captain, the Wild Hunter of the Juniata, anecdote of (note), i. 153.

Jackson, Andrew, his view of the character of Washington in 1796, iii. 461.

Jackson. Major, aid-de-camp of Washington in 1789, iii. 125.

Jackson, Robert, letter of, in relation to young Washington's going to sea, i. 44.

Jacobs, Captain, a chief of the Delaware Indians, death of, at Kittanning, i. 226; death of the giant son of, at Kittanning, i. 227.

Jamaica, address of the second continental Congress to the assembly of, i. 610.

James River Company, Washington president of--one hundred shares in, offered to Washington by the Virginia legislature, iii. 47; works of, examined by Washington in 1791, iii. 180.

Jasper, Sergeant, extraordinary courage displayed by, ii. 194; sword presented to, by Governor Rutledge, ii. 195; death of, at Savannah, supporting the colors of his regiment (note), ii. 196.

Jay, John, treaty of peace signed by, in 1782, iii. 15; correspondence of, with Washington, on the revision of the Articles of Confederation, iii. 56; a contributor to The Federalist, iii. 77; appointed chief-justice by Washington, iii. 122; envoy extraordinary to England in 1794--mission of, denounced by the Democratic Society of Philadelphia, iii. 300; letter of Washington to, in relation to the Whiskey Insurrection, iii. 320; anxiety of Washington respecting the mission of, iii. 334; letters addressed by, to Lord Grenville, iii. 335; conversations of, with Lord Grenville--letter of, to Washington, stating the progress of negotiations in London, iii. 337; conversation of, with George III., iii. 338; treaty signed by, at London, iii. 339; elected governor of the state of New York, iii. 345; burned in effigy in Philadelphia, iii. 350; suggestions of, used by Washington in preparing his Farewell Address, iii. 426; letter of, to Mr. Monroe in Paris, on refusing a copy of his treaty, iii. 439.

Jay's treaty, provisions of, iii. 340-342; language of the opposition press in relation to, iii. 343; hostility of the Democratic Societies to, iii. 345; ratification of, recommended by the senate, iii. 346; abstract of, published in the Aurora, iii. 347; violent opposition to, throughout the country, iii. 348; meetings of the enemies of, held in Boston and New York, iii. 351; resolutions adverse to, adopted at a meeting held in New York, iii. 352; resolutions in favor of, adopted by the New-York Chamber of Commerce--copies of, burned in the streets of Philadelphia, iii. 353; opposition to, in South Carolina, iii. 354; letter of Washington in relation to, to the selectmen of Boston, iii. 356; letters of Washington to Randolph, in relation to, iii. 357, 358; objections to, answered in a memorial written by Randolph, iii. 359; ratification of, signed by Washington, iii. 360; virulence of party spirit in relation to, iii. 368; the Boston Chamber of Commerce in favor of the ratification of--memorial in favor of, signed by the merchants of Philadelphia, iii. 370; letter of Washington to General Knox in relation to, iii. 371; assailed by Governor Shelby, of Kentucky--action of the various state legislatures in relation to, iii. 382; delay in the ratification of, on the part of the British government, iii. 383; ratification of, by George III., in 1796, iii. 390; conspicuous part taken by Albert Gallatin in the debates on, iii. 392, 401; message of Washington to Congress, on refusing to furnish papers relating to (note), iii. 396; speech of Tracy, of Connecticut, on, iii. 404; speech of Fisher Ames on, iii. 405; extracts from Ames's speech on, iii. 405-416; powerful impression produced by the speech of, iii. 416; commissioners appointed to carry out the provisions of, iii. 423; unfriendly feeling with France increased by, iii. 435; hostile demonstrations of the French Directory on the ratification of, iii. 444.

Jefferson, Thomas, resolutions of, adopted by the Virginia house of burgesses in 1769 (note), i. 354; letter of Washington to, in relation to Arnold's incursion, ii. 713; narrow escape of, from Tarleton, at Monticello, ii. 720; appointed secretary of state by Washington, iii. 122; admiration of, for the leaders of the French Revolution, iii. 147; suspicions and jealousies of, iii. 148, 150; question of the assumption of the state debts pressed upon, by Hamilton, iii. 149; change of the feelings of, toward Hamilton, iii. 150; voyage of, to Newport, in 1790, in company with Washington, iii. 162; dislike of, for Hamilton, iii. 173; new coins recommended by, in 1784, iii. 175; executive power distrusted by, iii. 187; personal vituperation indulged in by--at the head of the Republicans, iii. 188; disgust of, with Adams's "Discourses of Davila," iii. 189; imbued with the spirit of the French Revolution--language of, in after-years, respecting Adams and Hamilton, iii. 190; antagonism of, toward Adams, in 1791, iii. 191; desire of, that Washington should remain in office, iii. 199; letters of, to Washington, iii. 202, 213; vanity of--letter of, to Lafayette, iii. 205; letters of Washington to, iii. 210, 217, 239, 289, 421; re-election of Washington desired by, iii. 218; Jacobins in Paris called "patriots" by, iii. 226; Freneau's annoyance of Washington enjoyed by, iii. 253; insincerity of (note), iii. 254; letter of Genet to, in relation to the arrest of Americans on the Citizen Genet, iii. 260; intention of, to resign his position in the cabinet--unwillingness of Washington to accept the resignation of, iii. 274; want of candor of, displayed toward Washington, iii. 275; letter written by, to Gouverneur Morris, in relation to Genet's recall, iii. 276; rebuke administered by, to Genet, iii. 287; encomium pronounced by, upon the character of Washington--resignation of, as secretary of state, iii. 288; letter of, from Monticello, to Edmund Randolph, iii. 289; debates in Congress on the report of, on commercial affairs, iii. 290; letter of, to Madison, in relation to self-created societies, iii. 326; sympathy of, with the Whiskey Insurrectionists, iii. 327; apprehensions entertained by, concerning Jay's treaty--his admiration of Gallatin, iii. 417; letter of, to Madison, in relation to Jay's treaty, iii. 418; caricature of, printed in 1798 (note), iii. 419; insinuations thrown out by, against Washington--disclaimer by, of any agency in furnishing to the Aurora certain confidential matter, iii. 420; confidence of Washington in the sincerity of, iii. 422; Washington's confidence in, finally shaken (note), iii. 423; suggestions of, used by Washington in preparing his Farewell Address, iii. 426; a candidate for the presidency in 1796, iii. 451; elected vice-president in 1797, iii. 468; non-election of, to the presidency, offensive to the French Directory, iii. 495; suspected of being the real author of the letter to Washington from "John Langhorne," iii. 498; confidence lost by Washington in the professions of friendship of, iii. 499.

Jervis, afterward Earl St. Vincent, with Wolfe at Quebec, i. 293.

Johnson, Colonel Guy, body of savages collected by, on the frontier, ii. 105; in Canada, with warriors of the Six Nations, ii. 106.

Johnson, Colonel William, expedition under, against Crown Point, proposed by General Braddock, i. 141; agency of, with the Six Nations--biographical notice of (note), i. 142; his defeat of Dieskau, i. 182; made a baronet by the British government--his defeat of Dieskau principally by the aid of New-England men--applause bestowed on, due to others, i. 184; Fort Niagara taken by, in 1759, i. 291; sway maintained by, over the Six Nations--death of, by apoplexy, in 1774, i. 581.

Johnson, Sir John, loyalty of, and of his brothers-in-law, i. 581; his Scotch Highlanders disarmed by Schuyler, ii. 105; escape of, to Canada, ii. 107.

Johnson, Doctor Samuel, author of "Taxation no Tyranny," ii. 112.

Johnson Hall, fortified by Sir John Johnson, ii. 104.

Johnson, Lady, detained as a hostage in Albany (note), ii. 107.

Johnson, Thomas, office of secretary of state offered to, by Washington, in 1795, iii. 371.

Joncaire, Captain, French Indian agent, i. 79; Washington entertained by, at Venango, i. 80; efforts of, to detach Tanacharisson from Washington's party on the Ohio, i. 81.

Jonquière, Marquis de la, governor of Canada, i. 72.

Judiciary, federal, Ellsworth's plan of, iii. 120.

Jumonville, attack of Washington upon, i. 105; misrepresentations in relation to the death of--Bancroft on Washington's attack upon, i. 106; defence of Washington in relation to his attack on, i. 106-108; papers found on the person of, i. 107; Washington's attack on, vindicated by Mr. Sparks, i. 108.

"Jumonville," a poem in French, by Thomas, i. 108.

Junius, notice of the Letters of (note), i. 364; extract from the Letters of, i. 370.

Kalm, Peter, independence of the colonies foretold by, in 1748, i. 67.

Kennedy, Captain, house, No. 1 Broadway, New York, built by (note), ii. 43.

Kennel, Washington's, broken up in 1785, iii. 51.

Kentucky, dissatisfaction among the people in, in 1794, iii. 303; intemperate resolutions passed at a convention of the citizens of, iii. 304; letter of Washington in relation to the popular movements in, iii. 305.

Kiashuta, Washington at the hunting-camp of, in the Ohio country, in 1770, i. 360.

King, Rufus, stones thrown at, while addressing a meeting in New York, on the subject of Jay's treaty, iii. 352; appointed minister to England, in place of Pinckney, iii. 423.

King's Bridge, fortifications erected at, ii. 171; secret attack upon the British at, planned by Washington, ii. 442.

King's mountain, defeat of a body of tories, under Ferguson, at--important influence of the victory at, ii. 703.

Kingston, extreme fatigue of the troops of Washington on the march from, to Pluckemin, ii. 391.

Kip's bay, landing of the British at--bad conduct of the militia and Connecticut troops at, ii. 295.

Kirkland, Moses, important papers found in possession of, ii. 27.

Kittanning, destruction of, in 1756, by Colonel Armstrong, i. 226.

Knapp, Sergeant Uzal, the last survivor of Washington's life-guard (note), ii. 178.

Knowlton, Captain, breastwork constructed by, at Breed's hill, i. 562; British guard surprised by, at Charlestown, ii. 49; death of, on Harlem plains, ii. 299.

Knox, Captain Henry (afterward General), service performed by, at Breed's hill, i. 567; appointed to command the artillery at Cambridge, i. 749; artillery and ordnance-stores transported by, from Lake Champlain to Cambridge, i. 750; recommended by Washington to the general command of the artillery, ii. 363; powerful voice of, ii. 371; sent to Massachusetts to hasten the raising of a battalion of artillery, ii. 415; idea of the Society of the Cincinnati conceived by, iii. 23; letters of Washington to, iii. 39, 84; retained by Washington as secretary of war in 1789, iii. 121; stay of, in Philadelphia, during the presence of the yellow fever in 1793, iii. 280; succeeded by Timothy Pickering as secretary of war--cause of the resignation of, iii. 330; letter of Washington to, on the occasion of the resignation of, iii. 331; letter of Washington to, in relation to Jay's treaty, iii. 371; interest taken by, in the welfare of young Lafayette, iii. 374; letter of Washington to, on the eve of retirement from office, iii. 470; letter of Washington to, informing him of his position in the provisional army, iii. 518; mortification of, at the preference given to Hamilton and Pinckney--warm reply written by, to Washington, iii. 519; esteem of Washington for--second letter of Washington to, in relation to his appointment as major-general, iii. 521; President Adams petitioned by the friends of, to reverse Washington's order of the major-generals, iii. 522; letter of Washington to, urging his acceptance of the appointment proffered, iii. 524; determination of, not to serve under Hamilton and Pinckney, iii. 525.

Knyphausen, General, garrison at New York left under the command of, ii. 664; Springfield, in New Jersey, set on fire by, ii. 678.

Kosciuszko, Thaddeus, first interview of, with Washington, ii. 448; subsequent history of, ii. 449; at the siege of Ninety-Six, iii. 2.

La Colombe, M. de, letter of Washington to, announcing the liberation of Lafayette, iii. 499.

Lacy, General, orders of Washington to, for the arrest of Quakers near Valley Forge, i. 461.

Lafayette, George Washington, asylum sought by, in the United States, iii. 229; arrival of, in the United States, in 1795, iii. 372; letter of Washington to Senator Cabot, of Boston, in relation to the reception of, iii. 373; attempted incognito of, under the name of Motier--letter of Washington to, iii. 375; official notice taken of, by Congress--letter of a committee of Congress addressed to, iii. 376; the guest of Washington at Philadelphia and Mount Vernon--letter of Washington respecting, to his father, iii. 377; with Washington at Mount Vernon in 1797, iii. 479.

Lafayette, Madame, invited by Washington to visit Mount Vernon, iii. 38; letter of Washington to, in 1792, iii. 226; letter of, to Washington, iii. 227; second letter of, to Washington--shares the prison of Lafayette at Olmutz, iii. 229.

Lafayette, Marquis de, Washington's first acquaintance with, ii. 491; vessel fitted out at the expense of, ii. 492, 493; visit of, to London, ii. 492; voyage of, to America, in company with De Kalb and other officers--commissioned major-general of the continental army, ii. 493; impatience of, for actual command (note), ii. 496; appointed to the command of an expedition against Canada, ii. 586; hostility of Gates toward Washington discovered by, ii. 591; escape of, from the British at Barren hill, ii. 615; the honor of leading the advance at Monmouth solicited by, ii. 619; departure of, for France, to procure aid for the Americans, ii. 648; letters of Washington to, ii. 662; iii. 38, 75, 83, 164, 526; fruits of the secret mission of, to the court of Versailles, ii. 679; escape of Cornwallis prevented by, ii. 730; return of, to France, in 1781, iii. 7; visit of, to Mount Vernon, in 1784, iii. 42; jack sent to Washington by, iii. 51; conspicuous part taken by, in the French Revolution, iii. 115, 135; commander-in-chief of the National Guard in Paris, in 1789--language of, respecting the duke of Orleans, iii. 137; conservative influence of, iii. 138; key of the Bastile sent to Washington by--difficult position of, in France, in 1790, iii. 163; hopeful letter written by, to Washington, iii. 164; disappointment of, at the course of the French Revolution, iii. 184; letters of, in relation to his position in France, addressed to Washington, iii. 185; efforts of, to preserve order in France, iii. 224; acquitted by the National Assembly, of charges made against him by the Jacobins--attempt of, to escape to the United States, by way of Holland--in prison at Olmutz, iii. 225; desire of Washington to befriend the family of, iii. 226; Washington powerless to aid, iii. 228; confinement of, in an Austrian dungeon, iii. 372; incident showing Washington's feelings toward (note), iii. 373; efforts of Washington to obtain the liberation of, iii. 424; liberation of, from the prison at Olmutz--reply of, to De Chasteler with regard to proposed conditions of release (note), iii. 499; letter received by Washington from, at the close of 1798, iii. 526; hounds sent by, to Washington, in 1785, iii. 585.

La Force, a meddlesome French commissary, i. 82; energy and activity of, i. 132; escape of, from prison at Williamsburg (note), i. 183.

Lake Champlain, efforts of Sir Guy Carleton to create a navy on, ii. 333; naval engagement on, between Arnold and Captain Pringle, ii. 334.

"Lake of the Dismal Swamp," lines from, i. 311.

Lamb, Captain, severely wounded in the assault upon Quebec, under Montgomery and Arnold, i. 721; cannon removed by, from Fort George, in New York, ii. 129.

Lancaster, meeting of recruits at, iii. 26.

Land-grants to soldiers engaged in the French and Indian War, efforts of Washington to secure, i. 356.

Langdon, President, "declaration" of Congress read by, to the troops at Cambridge, i. 617.

"Langhorne, John," letter of condolence of, addressed to Washington in 1798, iii. 497.

La Salle, French claims to the Ohio based on the discoveries by, i. 80.

Laurens, Colonel John, sent to Europe, to seek more aid in men and money, ii. 700; influence with the French government of, Washington's letter to, ii. 710; death of--biographical notice of, iii. 11.

Laurens, Henry, treaty of peace signed by, in 1782, iii. 15.

Lear, Tobias, secretary of Washington at Mount Vernon, iii. 49; Master and Miss Custis educated by, iii. 50; admiration of, for the private character of Washington, iii. 51; Washington's power to control his feelings witnessed by, iii. 194; use of a farm left to, by Washington, iii. 539; resident at Mount Vernon in 1799, iii. 551; account written by, of the last illness of Washington, iii. 552-557.

Lechmere's Point, intrenchment commenced on, by Putnam, i. 764.

Ledyard, Colonel, murder of, by Major Bromfield, ii. 727.

Lee, Arthur, address of Wilkes, lord-mayor of London, written by, i. 604.

Lee, Charles, of Virginia, successor of Bradford, as attorney-general, in 1795, iii. 372.

Lee, General Charles, talents and acquirements of, i. 542; account of the early life of, i. 542-545; estate purchased by, in Virginia--appointed second major-general by the second continental Congress, i. 545; remarks of Mrs. Mercy Warren on the personal appearance of (note), i. 586; disgust of Washington at the impiety of, i. 617; a personal interview proposed to, by Burgoyne, at Boston Neck, i. 630; sent to New York to disarm the tories, ii. 35; ambition of, ii. 37; letter of, to Washington, in relation to the Long-Island tories, ii. 38; headquarters of, in New York, ii. 43; appointed by Congress commander-in-chief of the southern department, ii. 82, 96; named by Washington for the chief command of the army in Canada, ii. 95; Washington's opinion of the military abilities of, ii. 97; activity of, in improving the defences of New York, ii. 126; differences of, with the city authorities of New York, ii. 130; letters of, to Washington, in relation to the defences of New York, ii. 131, 133; cannon removed by, from the Grand battery at New York, ii. 131; contempt of, for official titles (note), ii. 183; little regard paid by, to the provincial congress of New York, ii. 132, 133; high-handed measures of, with regard to tories, ii. 134; anxiety of, to attack Lord Dunmore on the Elizabeth river, ii. 183; joyful reception of, in Charleston, ii. 188; exertions of, to put Charleston in a state of defence, ii. 189; his opinion of Fort Sullivan, ii. 190; great deference paid to the opinions of, on military affairs-- self-esteem and impertinence of, ii. 313; instructions given by Washington to, at North Castle, ii. 324; duplicity of, toward Washington, ii. 332; reliance of Washington on--excuses of, for disobeying Washington's orders, ii. 341; characteristic letter of, to James Bowdoin, ii. 342; disingenuous use made by, of a letter from Washington (note), ii. 343; letter written by Washington to, from Newark, ii. 344; dislike of, to General Heath, ii. 344, 345; letter of, to Colonel Reed, reflecting on Washington, ii. 347; neglect of, to join Washington in New Jersey, ii. 350; Congress in the dark concerning the movements of--impudence and heartlessness of, ii. 352; attempt of, to disparage Washington to Governor Cook, of Rhode Island, ii. 353; selfish ambition of, ii. 355; urged by Washington to join him in order to defend Philadelphia, ii. 356; found by Wilkinson at Baskingridge--ill-natured letter concerning Washington written by, to General Gates, ii. 357; surprise and capture of, by a party of British dragoons at Baskingridge, ii. 358; various opinions respecting the capture of--suspicions of the fidelity of, ii. 359; capture of, providential, ii. 360; rigorous confinement of, by the British, as a deserter, ii. 405; letter of, to Congress, professing to have important matter to communicate--captivity of, not hard to be borne, ii. 406; treacherous conduct of, ii. 407; letter of Washington to General Howe, offering Hessian officers in exchange for, ii. 410; perplexity of Howe as to what should be done with (note), ii. 411; exchanged for General Prescott--hesitation of, to take the oath of allegiance, ii. 613; adverse to an attack upon Sir Henry Clinton in New Jersey, ii. 618; the command of the corps of, given to Lafayette, ii. 619; command of his corps resumed by, ii. 620; unaccountable retreat of, before the British--mysterious warning given to Washington with respect to Lee, ii. 623; extreme irritation of Washington at the conduct of, ii. 624; disrespectful letters of, to Washington, ii. 627, 628; placed under arrest, ii. 628; great ability of his defence, ii. 629; suspended from all command for a year--"Queries, Political and Military," published by (note)--letter of Washington to Joseph Reed respecting, ii. 630; his expulsion from the army--duel fought by, with Colonel Laurens (note)--impudent letter of, to Congress (note)--curious will of (note)--death of, in 1782, ii. 631; proved to have been a traitor, by a document recently discovered--his plan for the subjugation of the colonies, ii. 632; willing to be a traitor to both parties, ii. 634; guarantied against loss by Congress (note), ii. 635.

Lee, General Henry, letter of Washington to, in relation to democratic societies, iii. 313; commander-in-chief of the force sent to put down the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. 315; instructions of Washington to--proclamation issued by, after crossing the Alleghanies, iii. 319; enmity of Jefferson toward, iii. 421; funeral oration pronounced by, on the occasion of the death of Washington, iii. 566.

Lee, Richard Henry, letter of Washington to, seeking statistical information as to Virginia, i. 413; resolutions of sympathy with Massachusetts offered by, in the continental Congress, i. 432; non-importation resolution offered by, in the continental Congress, i. 435; encouraging letter of, to Washington, in camp at Cambridge, i. 597; letter of thanks from Congress to the city of London written by, i. 605; adverse to the constitution, iii. 77; letter of Washington to, in relation to the "republican" party (note), iii. 276.

Lee, William, mulatto man, liberated by the will of Washington, iii. 536.

L'Embuscade, arrival of Genet in, at Charleston, iii. 243; The Grange, an English ship, taken by, iii. 245; Doctor Francis on the arrival of, in New York, iii. 248; challenged by the British frigate Boston, iii. 277.

L'Enfant, plans of public buildings in the federal city drawn by, iii. 178, 184; plans of, approved by Washington, iii. 184.

Le Petit Democrat, a privateer fitted out by Genet, iii. 264; sent to sea by Genet, in violation of his pledge, iii. 267.

Leslie, Captain, death of, at the battle of Princeton, ii. 391.

Leslie, Colonel, unsuccessful attempt of, to seize arms at Salem, i. 502.

Letters, spurious, charged to have been written by Washington, iii. 448; denounced by Washington, iii. 471.

Levees, Mrs. Washington's, iii. 111, 112, 170.

Levees of Washington, iii. 108, 109, 592.

Lewis, Lawrence, invited by Washington to reside at Mount Vernon, iii. 483; marriage of, with Nelly Custis, iii. 532; strong personal resemblance between the mother of, and Washington, iii. 534; property left to, by Washington, iii. 538, 541; absent from Mount Vernon at the time of Washington's death, iii. 558.

Lewis, Major Andrew, unsuccessful expedition of, to the town of the Shawnees, i. 208; night-attack upon, by Cornstalk, i. 472; Lord Dunmore suspected of having contrived the attack upon, i. 474; Dunmore driven from Gwyn's island by, ii. 110; biographical notice of (note), ii. 110.

Lewis, Mrs., testimony of, to the amiability of Washington at home, iii. 52.

Lexington, Samuel Adams and John Hancock in danger at--warning of the approach of troops sent to, by Doctor Warren--minute-men collected at, under Captain Parker, i. 504; minute-men killed at, by troops under Major Pitcairn--the British fired first at (note), i. 505; losses of the British and Americans at, i. 510; effect in England of the news of the battle of, i. 511; the battle of, the beginning of the Revolutionary War, i. 512; resolutions of various colonies, after the battle of, to raise troops, i. 514-517; effect of the news of the battle of, at Mount Vernon, i. 527.

Lexington, Kentucky, intemperate resolutions passed at a convention of citizens at, in 1794, iii. 304.

Liberty, English and French, contrasted (note), iii. 296.

Liberty Hill Academy, shares made over to, by Washington, iii. 48.

Liberty-tree, at Boston, account of (note), i. 416; lines alluding to (note), ii. 75; fourteen cords of wood furnished by, ii. 76.

Lieb, Doctor, violent attack upon the character of Washington, in the Aurora, attributed to, iii. 477.

Life-guard, Washington's, conspiracy of several members of, against the life of Washington--organization of (note)--flag and uniform of (note), ii. 177; Sergeant Uzal Knapp the last survivor of (note), ii. 178.

Lillington, Colonel, in command of minute-men in the battle at Moore's-creek bridge--biographical notice of (note), ii. 117.

Lincoln, General Benjamin, plan of, for driving the British fleet from Boston harbor, ii. 83; commissioned major-general in the continental army--attempt by Lord Cornwallis to surprise, at Boundbrook, ii. 433; in command of the republican troops in the South, ii. 650; pursuit of General Prevost by, ii. 651; a prisoner-of-war to the British at Charleston, ii. 673; surrender at Yorktown conducted by, ii. 736.

Lineage of Washington traceable for six hundred years, i. 18.

Liston, Mrs., tears shed by, at Washington's farewell dinner, iii. 471.

Litchfield jail, Connecticut, Mathews, mayor of New York, and other tories, sent to, ii. 222.

Little Egg Harbor, expedition against, under the command of Captain Patrick Ferguson, ii. 643.

Little Meadows, Washington at, in 1754, i. 101.

Little Miami, lands owned by Washington on, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Livery, order of Washington for, i. 196.

Live stock owned by Washington at the time of his death, iii. 544.

Livingston, Brockholst, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 351; Jay's treaty assailed by, through the press, iii. 369.

Livingston, Chancellor, oath administered to Washington by, in 1789, iii. 94.

Livingston, Edward, resolution offered in Congress by, demanding papers relating to Jay's treaty, iii. 391, 394; letter of Washington to Hamilton respecting the resolution of, iii. 394.

Livingston, Governor, of New Jersey, letter of sympathy from, to Washington, ii. 351.

Logan, the Mingo chief, relatives of, killed, i. 472; speech sent by, to Lord Dunmore, i. 473.

Logstown, Washington at, in 1753 and in 1770, i. 359.

London, transcript of an order of Washington to his agent in (note), i. 307; petition of the merchants of, in relation to American affairs, i. 612.

Long Island, instructions of Washington to Putnam, relative to the seizure of tories on, ii. 158; British troops landed on, ii. 260, 262, 263; tories at the west end of, ordered by the New-York convention to be arrested, ii. 261; the best of Washington's troops at the battle of, never before engaged, ii. 267; reliance of Washington on Providence, expressed on the eve of the battle of, ii. 268; American loss in the battle of, not accurately known--causes of the loss of the battle of, ii. 276; evacuation of, by the American army, ii. 279; "dreadful mistake" made by Colonel Scammel during the evacuation of, ii. 280; evacuation of, facilitated by a heavy fog, ii. 282; condition of the army after the battle of, ii. 284; tour of Washington in, in 1790, iii. 162.

Longueuil, narrow escape of Arnold from the British at, ii. 166.

Loudoun, Lord, Washington recommended to, for promotion--biographical notice of (note), 230; almost viceregal power of, i. 231; indolence and indecision of, i. 235, 240; letter addressed by Washington to, i. 237; flattering acknowledgment of Washington's letter to--Washington at the council held by, in Philadelphia, i. 239; disappointment of Washington as to the results of his interview with--remark of Franklin in relation to, i. 240; insolent speech of, in the northern council of governors, i. 247; mystery drawn by, around his plans--at the head of six thousand provincial troops in 1757--delays and indecision of--determines upon an expedition against Louisburg, i. 248; embargo laid by, on all ships in American ports--suspected of sharing the profits of army and navy contractors--failure of his expedition against Louisburg, i. 249; close of his inglorious campaign in the North--superseded, in 1758, by General Abercrombie, i. 252.

Louisburg, Lord Loudoun's expedition against, in 1757, i. 248; Amherst's expedition against, in 1758--Wolfe, Boscawen, and Montgomery, at the siege of, i. 260; present condition of the site of the fortress of--French standards taken at, hung in St. Paul's cathedral at London, i. 262.

Louis, Colonel, a Caghnawaga chief, farewell taken of, by Arnold and others, ii. 167.

Louisiana, invasion of, contemplated by Genet, iii. 274; an expedition for the invasion of, in 1794, frustrated by Washington, iii. 305.

Lovell, James, a leader of Conway's Cabal, in Congress--spirit of Conway's Cabal revealed by a letter of, to Gates, ii. 577.

Loyalists, action of Congress with regard to, ii. 92; largely relied on by the British ministry, ii. 428.

Luzerne, Chevalier de, arrival of, at West Point, ii. 662.

Lyman, General, his share in the defeat of Dieskau, i. 182, 184.

Macaulay, Mrs., History of England written by, presented by Washington to Reverend Thomas Davis, iii. 534.

M'Crea, Jane, death of, ii. 481; General Gates's false statement as to the manner of her death, ii. 482; false account of the manner of her death told by Burke--popular story respecting the death of (note), ii. 483.

M'Donald, Allan, the husband of FLORA, among the Scotch loyalists in North Carolina, ii. 114; made prisoner at the battle at Moore's-creek bridge, ii. 119.

M'Donald, Donald, commander-in-chief of the loyal Highlanders in North Carolina, ii. 115; royal ensign set up by, at Cross creek, ii. 116; retreat of, pursued by Moore, ii. 117; made prisoner after the battle at Moore's-creek bridge, ii. 119.

M'Donald, Flora, biographical notice of (note), ii. 114.

M'Dowell, president of the college at Annapolis, letter of Washington to, respecting young Custis (note), iii. 583.

M'Gillivray, Alexander, head chief of the Creek Indians in 1790--made a colonel in the service of Spain, iii. 154; made an honorary member of the St. Andrew's Society in New York--treaty negotiated with, by General Knox, iii. 155.

M'Ginnes, Captain, death of, i. 183.

M'Henry. James, appointed secretary of war in 1795, iii. 372; letters of Washington to, after his retirement to private life, iii. 480-482; urgency of, with Washington, to resume the command of the army, iii. 510, 513; despatched to Mount Vernon with Washington's commission as commander-in-chief, iii. 512; instructions of Adams to, on setting out for Mount Vernon (note), iii. 513; interview of, with Washington, at Mount Vernon, iii. 514; list of officers given to, by Washington (note), iii. 515; negligent correspondence of, as secretary of war, complained of by Washington, iii. 523; conference of, with Hamilton and Pinckney, respecting the provisional army, in 1798, iii. 525; letter of Washington to, expressing anxiety respecting his various trusts, iii. 535.

Machias, British vessels captured at, i. 732.

Mackay, Captain, letter of Washington to Dinwiddie, in relation to the claims of, i. 115; respect of Washington for, i. 116; in the trenches at Fort Necessity, i. 120.

M'Kean, Chief-Justice, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 353.

Mackenzie, Captain Robert, correspondence of, with Washington, i. 450, 451.

Maclean, Colonel, march of, to the relief of St. John on the Sorel, i. 678; driven back by Majors Brown and Livingston, i. 679; arrival of, at Quebec, during the siege by Arnold, i. 701; and his Scotch Highlanders the only reliable defence of Quebec, i. 702; Arnold's summons to surrender disregarded by, i. 703; stationed at Deschambault with an advanced corps, ii. 147.

M'Leod, Alexander, a leader among the Scotch Highlanders in North Carolina, ii. 115; killed in the battle at Moore's-creek bridge, ii. 118.

M'Neare, doorkeeper of the second continental Congress, i. 528.

M'Pherson, plan of, for the destruction of the British fleet in Boston harbor, i. 748.

M'Pherson Blues, survivors of, in May, 1860 (note), iii. 568.

Madison, a contributor to The Federalist, iii. 77; desire of, that Washington should remain in office, iii. 199; letter addressed to, by Washington, in relation to his desire to retire from public life, iii. 200; esteem of Washington for, iii. 232; resolutions of, in relation to commercial restrictions and duties, iii. 291; debates in Congress on the resolutions of, iii. 292; urged by Jefferson to attack Jay's treaty though the press, iii. 370; speech of, denouncing Jay's treaty, iii. 399; alarm occasioned by the speech of, iii. 400; suggestions of, used by Washington in the preparation of his Farewell Address, iii. 426.

Magaw, Colonel, Fort Washington left in charge of, ii. 313; his surrender of Fort Washington, ii. 331.

Malmedy, Monsieur, Washington annoyed by the importunities of, ii. 448.

Mamaroneck, attack made upon Rogers at, by Colonel Haslet, ii. 314.

Manchester, duke of, his speech in Parliament, on the evacuation of Boston, ii. 86.

Mandamus councillors obnoxious to the whigs (note), i. 427.

Manly, Captain, English store-ship captured by--brass mortar taken by, christened Congress by Putnam and Mifflin, i. 741.

Manufactures, Congress urged by Washington, in 1796, to foster, iii. 455.

Marion, General Francis, movements of, in the South, ii. 682, 703; repulse of, at Georgetown, on Winyaw bay, ii. 703; camp of, on Snow's island--flight of Colonel Watson before, ii. 704.

Markoe, Captain, Washington escorted by, on his way to Cambridge, i. 574.

Marshall, John, mission to France declined by, iii. 443; special envoy to France in 1798, iii. 496; ordered to leave the territories of the French republic, iii. 504; death of Washington announced in Congress by, iii. 560; character of Washington, as given by, iii. 575.

Martin, Governor, of North Carolina, alarm and perplexity of, ii. 111; letter of, to General Gage, intercepted--cannon in front of the palace of, carried off by the patriots--flight of, to Fort Johnston, on Cape-Fear river--accessory in inciting a servile insurrection on Tar river, ii. 112; flight of, on board the British sloop-of-war Cruiser--confidence of, in the loyalty of many in North Carolina--assistance expected by, from Clinton and Cornwallis, ii. 113; proclamation sent forth by, from on board the Scorpion--commissions sent by, to the Highlanders and other loyalists in North Carolina, ii. 114; the last royal governor of North Carolina--biographical notice of (note), ii. 120.

Maryland, government of, abdicated by Eden, ii. 184; property owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Mason, George, correspondence of, with Washington, in relation to the exclusion of British merchandise, i. 347; as a statesman (note), i. 355; adverse to the constitution, iii. 77.

Massachusetts, heavy taxes paid by the people of, in 1758, i. 259; action of the British Parliament toward, i. 353; persons charged with treason in, to be sent to England for trial--sympathy of Virginia with, i. 354; assembly of, adjourned by Governor Bernard to Cambridge, i. 367; committees of correspondence originated in, i. 382, 383; oppressive measures adopted by Parliament toward, i. 389; first steps toward revolution taken by, i. 468; noble action of the provincial congress of, i. 501; preparations for war made by the provincial congress of, i. 503; general assembly of, how constituted (note), i. 623; promptness of the militia of, in supplying vacancies in the camp at Cambridge, i. 762.

Mathews, David, mayor of New York, arrest of, i. 174; removed from New York to Litchfield--kind treatment of, in Connecticut (note), ii. 222.

Maxims of Washington in youth, i. 37; Chief-Justice Marshall's opinion of--remarks of Mr. Sparks respecting, i. 42.

Mazzei, Philip, letter of Jefferson to, asserting the growth of a monarchical party--biographical notice of (note), iii. 418; Jefferson's letter translated by, and published in Florence (note), i. 419.

Medal in gold ordered by Congress in commemoration of the evacuation of Boston, ii. 80.

Megantic, Lake, encampment of Arnold on the eastern shore of, i. 693.

Meigs, Lieutenant-Colonel, British stores at Sag Harbor destroyed by, ii. 439.

Melvin, James, hardships endured in Arnold's Quebec expedition described by, i. 692.

Mercer, Colonel, death of, at Oswego, i. 234.

Mercer, Doctor Hugh, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152; at the destruction of Kittanning, i. 226; commissioned a brigadier-general, ii. 172; backwardness of recruits for the flying camp of, at Amboy, ii. 231; watch to be kept by, over West Jersey, ii. 308; night-march on Princeton led by, ii. 386; attacked by Colonel Mawhood at Princeton, ii. 387; left for dead in a bayonet-charge of Mawhood's men, ii. 388; biographical notice of (note), ii. 391.

Merchandise, British, refusal of the colonists to purchase, i. 322, 333; associations with the object to exclude, i. 347, 355; views of Washington on the exclusion of, i. 347; letter of George Mason to Washington, on the exclusion of, i. 350.

Mercier, Chevalier de, architect of Fort Duquesne, i. 98.

Methodist Church, early opposition of, to slavery, iii. 152.

Middlebrook, camp of Washington established at--strength of the army at, ii. 443; ample equipments of the army at--vigilance of Washington when at, ii. 444; forces concentrated by Washington at, ii. 450; anxiety of General Howe to draw Washington from his camp at, ii. 451; perplexity of Washington at, with regard to the movements of the British, ii. 454, 455; Captain Graydon's account of a visit to the American army at, ii. 457; headquarters of Washington at, in 1778, ii. 645.

Mifflin, Thomas, urgency of, though a Quaker, to resort to arms if necessary, i. 460; invited for the first time to a council of war, ii. 61; commissioned brigadier-general by Congress, ii. 157; appointed major-general in the continental army, ii. 403; leader of Conway's Cabal, in the army, ii. 576; duties as quartermaster neglected by, ii. 599; address of, as president of Congress, to Washington, on the latter's resigning his commission, iii. 36; second in command in the force sent against the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. 315.

Militia, Washington's opinion of, i. 222; ii. 281, 286, 303, 353, 415; panic in Colonel Rufus Putnam's regiment of, at White Plains, ii. 317; refusal of, to man the lines at Fort Washington, ii. 331; complaint of Washington at having to depend upon, ii. 415; President Adams authorized to call out eighty thousand, iii. 496.

Militia, Virginia, unrestricted power given to Washington to draft, in 1758, i. 256.

Mint, national, establishment of, iii. 174, 176.

Minute-men, origin of the, i. 399; many enrolled in Massachusetts in 1775, i. 470; monument to the memory of, at Lexington (note), i. 506; summoned to supply the place of Connecticut troops, i. 759; proposal to enroll eighty thousand in 1794, iii. 297.

Mirabeau, remarks of, on the Declaration of Independence, ii. 216.

"Mischianza," the, a fête at Philadelphia, in honor of the brothers Howe, ii. 614.

Mississippi river, control of, in the hands of the Spaniards in 1789, iii. 99; claims to the free navigation of, urged upon Spain, iii. 157; free navigation of, demanded by the people of Kentucky in 1794, iii. 304; free navigation of, secured by treaty with Spain in 1795, iii. 380.

Mohawk river, land owned by Washington on, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Monacatoocha, captured while with Braddock's army, i. 160; a son of, killed by mistake--son of, buried with military honors, i. 161.

Money, continental, measures of Congress in relation to the issue of, i. 549; form of the bills of (note), i. 550.

Monmouth, account of the battle of, ii. 619-626; bad conduct of General Lee at, ii. 623; death of Colonel Monckton at--losses of the British and Americans at, ii. 625; advance of Washington from, to Brunswick, ii. 626.

Monongahela, fort built at the fork of, by the advice of Tanacharisson, i. 72; battle of the, miraculous escapes of Washington at, i. 168; consequences of the battle of the, i. 173; reputation of Washington increased by his conduct at the battle of the, i. 174; the defeat at the, balanced by the victory at Lake George, i. 183.

Monro, Colonel George, his brave defence of Fort William Henry against Montcalm, i. 251; capitulation of, to Montcalm, i. 251.

Monroe, James, sent as minister to France in 1794--letter of, on his arrival in Paris, to the president of the National Convention, iii. 301; auspicious moment of his arrival in France, iii. 302; reception of, by the French government--address of the National Convention to, iii. 436; cares and annoyances of--mortification caused to the American government by the conduct of, in France, iii. 437; imprudent assurances given by, to the French government, iii. 438; application of, for a copy of Jay's treaty, refused by Mr. Jay, iii. 439; little good accomplished by, in France, iii. 441; recall of, determined upon--letter addressed to Washington respecting, by officers of the government (note), iii. 442; the confidence of the French government lost by, iii. 444; letter addressed to, by Washington, defending his policy toward France--satisfactory reply made by, to the charges of the French government, iii. 445; refusal of the French government to receive any other minister, on the recall of, iii. 492; unworthy part played by, on presenting his letters of recall to the French government, iii. 493.

Montcalm, Marquis de, successor to Dieskau in Canada, i. 232; siege of Oswego by, i. 233; humanity and politeness of--faithlessness of, according to Graham (note), i. 234; Fort William Henry besieged by, in 1757, i. 250; force of, at Quebec, i. 294; vigilance of--unsuccessful attempt of Wolfe to storm the intrenchments of, i. 295; incredulity of, as to Wolfe's having scaled the Heights of Abraham, i. 298; mortal wound received by--letter of, to General Townshend, recommending prisoners to humane treatment--and Wolfe, monument erected to, i. 300.

Montgomery, Richard, by the side of Wolfe in the attack upon Louisburg in 1758, i. 261; appointed brigadier-general in the continental army--brother-in-law of Robert R. Livingston, i. 548; letter of, to General Schuyler, in relation to his movement on Isle aux Noix--Schuyler's affection for and confidence in, i. 663; siege of St. John on the Sorel conducted by, i. 670; insubordination in the camp of, at St. John, i. 671, 676; blamed for generosity toward prisoners, i. 680, 705; determination of, to advance on Montreal, i. 698; anxiety of, on his entering Canada, for a junction with Arnold--troops of, unwilling to follow him to Canada--Montreal abandoned by Sir Guy Carleton on the approach of--large quantities of woollen clothing found in Montreal by--anxiety of, to proceed to Quebec, i. 700, 701; mortification of, at the unwillingness of his troops to advance on Quebec, i. 703; letter of, to Schuyler, complaining of the want of gentlemen among his officers, i. 704; deserted by many of his New-England troops and Green Mountain Boys, i. 705; determination of, to retire from the public service--major-general's commission bestowed upon, by Congress, i. 706; junction of, with Arnold, at Point aux Trembles, i. 708; departure of, for Quebec, from Point aux Trembles, in a snowstorm--Holland House the headquarters of, at the siege of Quebec--inadequate means of, for the investment of Quebec, i. 709; letters of, to the citizens of Quebec, conveyed within the walls by the agency of a woman, i. 714; breast-works of ice erected by, destroyed, i. 715; plan of, for an assault, delayed by dissentions among his officers--last letter written by, to General Schuyler (note), i. 716; plans of, made known to Carleton by deserters--plan of attack changed by, i. 717; death of, while heading an attack upon a battery in charge of Captain Barnsfare, i. 718; party led by, driven back to Wolfe's cove, i. 719; remains of, subsequently removed to New York--monument erected to the memory of, by order of Congress--British officers affected by the death of--eulogium pronounced over the remains of, by Governor Carleton, i. 722.

Monticello, retirement of Jefferson to, in 1793, iii. 289.

Montour, an Indian interpreter with Washington at Great Meadows, i. 114.

Montreal, siege of, by Amherst, in 1760--capitulation of, i. 301; a provincial congress recommended to the people of, by Montgomery, i. 712; Arnold in command at, ii. 101; arrival at, of the commissioners to form a union with the colonies, ii. 145; retreat of Arnold from, on the approach of the British--goods of merchants of, seized by Arnold (note), ii. 165.

Moore, Colonel James, Donald M'Donald pursued by, to Moore's creek, ii. 117.

Moore's-creek bridge, the battle at, the first of the Revolution below the Roanoke, ii. 119; impulse given by the victory at, to the Revolution in the South, ii. 182.

Moravians, of Salem, in North Carolina, address of, to Washington (note), iii. 182.

Morgan, Doctor John, successor of Doctor Church at the head of the army hospital, i. 613.

Morgan, General Daniel, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152; anecdote of, i. 152, 618; arrival of, at Cambridge, with a body of southern riflemen--marks upon the back and breast of, i. 618; with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 683, 697; made prisoner at the siege of Quebec, i. 721; sent with his riflemen to the assistance of Gates, ii. 495; at Bemis's Heights, ii. 530; testimony of Gates to the value of the corps of, ii. 550; pursuit of, by Tarleton, ii. 713; defeat of Tarleton by, at the Cowpens, ii. 714; escape of, from Cornwallis, ii. 715; fourth in command in the force sent against the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. 315; correspondence of, with Washington, in relation to the Whiskey Insurrection, iii. 317.

Morocco, relations with, in 1795, iii. 379.

Morris, Gouverneur, stands to Houdon, in Paris, for Washington's statue, iii. 50; agent of the United States in London, in 1790, iii. 156; extract from the diary of Washington in relation to the mission of, iii. 157; mission of, unsuccessful, iii. 160; report of, on the currency, in 1782, iii. 175; successor of Jefferson at the French court, iii. 222; gloomy accounts written by, from Paris, iii. 223; language of Jefferson respecting, iii. 224; recall of, demanded by the French government, iii. 295; James Monroe appointed the successor of, iii. 295, 301; letter of Washington to, expressing anxiety for the ratification of Jay's treaty, iii. 383; private letter of Washington to, intercepted by the French government, iii. 445; adverse to Adams's hasty sending of envoys to France in 1799, iii. 530.

Morris, Robert, letter of Washington to, complaining of defection in the republican ranks, ii. 366; important service rendered by, to Washington, at Trenton, by a loan of money, ii. 381; declension in the character of Congress remarked by, ii. 432; money borrowed by, of Rochambeau, ii. 726; lodgings taken by Washington at the house of, in 1785, iii. 62; testimony of, to the abilities of Hamilton, iii. 121; house of, in Philadelphia, selected for the residence of Washington, iii. 167; rent of house of, iii. 170.

Morris, Roger, headquarters of Washington at the house of, on Harlem Heights, ii. 297.

Morristown, design of Washington to make his winter-quarters in the neighborhood of--activity of Washington at, ii. 392; headquarters of Washington in the Freemasons' Tavern at--military family of Washington at, ii. 398; precautions taken by Washington against small-pox in the camp at, ii. 401; the bulk of the army at, composed of militia, ii. 413; letters of Washington in relation to the condition of the army at, ii. 414; camp at, broken up, ii. 442; sufferings of the republicans at, ii. 666, 706; meeting of the Pennsylvania troops at, ii. 707.

Mother of Washington, character and habits of--her single weakness, i. 29; Sir Matthew Hale's "Contemplations" a favorite book of, i. 30; opposition of, to George's entering the navy, i. 44; fondness of, for fine horses, i. 46; her son's visit to, on his return from Great Meadows, i. 124; opposition of, to her son's joining Braddock, i. 140; opposed to her son's taking any part in the frontier wars, i. 188; visit of Washington to, at Fredericksburg, in 1789, iii. 85; death of, in 1789, iii. 117.

Moultrie, Colonel, fort on Sullivan's island, in Charleston harbor, taken possession of by--national flag made under the directions of (note), ii. 186; strong fort erected by, on Sullivan's island, ii. 187; defence of Fort Sullivan by, ii. 190; pair of colors presented to, by the ladies of Charleston--colors presented to, now in the Tower of London (note)--biographical notice of (note), ii. 196.

Mount Defiance, works at Ticonderoga, and on Mount Independence, commanded by, ii. 464.

Mount Vernon, the home of Washington in his nineteenth year, i. 57; return of Washington to, after Braddock's defeat, i. 186; Washington an invalid at, in 1758, i. 252; Washington arrives at, with its future mistress, i. 288; life of Washington at, at the close of the French and Indian War, i. 303; became Washington's by the death of the daughter of his brother Lawrence (note)--as it was when the abode of Washington, i. 304; agricultural products of the estate of, i. 306; generous scale of hospitality at, before the Revolution--names of distinguished visitors at, i. 308; tranquil years passed by Washington at, before the Revolution, i. 310; return of Washington to, on the dissolution of the first continental Congress, i. 454; the headquarters of military councils in the winter of 1774-'75, i. 471; busy life of Washington at, in 1775, i. 475; news of the battle of Lexington at, i. 527; alarm occasioned at, by the movements of Lord Dunmore (note), ii. 26; threatened by Lord Dunmore, ii. 110; return of Washington to, at the conclusion of the war, iii. 37; numerous visitors at, in 1784, iii. 42, 48; visit of Lafayette to, iii. 42; Washington's improvements at, in 1785, iii. 50; influence of Washington on public affairs while in retirement at, iii. 59; young Lafayette and M. Frestel at, in 1797, iii. 479; habits of Washington at, after his retirement to private life, iii. 482; Lawrence Lewis invited by Washington to reside at, iii. 483; occupation of Washington at, in 1798, iii. 488; Washington recalled from, to public life, in 1798, iii. 490.

Moustier, Count de, ball given in honor of Washington by, iii. 110.

Muhlenburg, General, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 353.

Murray, General, with Amherst at the siege of Montreal in 1760, i. 301.

Murray, Mr., successor of Adams as minister to Holland in 1796, iii. 423; copy of a letter of Talleyrand transmitted by, to the government at Washington--nominated by Adams minister plenipotentiary to France, iii. 528; Oliver Wolcott, and Governor Davie, of North Carolina, associated with, as envoys to France, iii. 529.

Muse, Adjutant, the manual exercise acquired by Washington with, i. 46, 62; with Washington at Great Meadows, i. 113; alleged cowardice of, i. 124; caustic letter of Washington to (note), i. 361.

Nantasket road, stay of the British fleet in, after the evacuation of Boston, ii. 81.

Nash, General, death of, at Germantown, ii. 556; biographical notice of (note), ii. 557.

Natanis, chief of the Norridgewock Indians, with Arnold in his Quebec expedition--made prisoner at Quebec (note), i. 695.

National Gazette, Philip Freneau editor of, in 1791, iii. 197.

Natural Bridge, in Virginia, Washington's initials carved upon, in 1750, i. 56.

Navigation, inland, ideas of Washington in relation to, iii. 43.

Navy, Washington at the age of fifteen about to enter, i. 44; measures taken by the continental Congress for the organization and regulation of, i. 743; commencement of, in 1794, iii. 294; officers of, appointed by Washington in 1794 (note), iii. 295; increase of, urged by Washington, in 1796, iii. 455; increase of, recommended by Adams, in the prospect of a war with France, iii. 495.

Neal, John, lines by, on the fortification of Breed's hill, i. 557.

Nelson, Governor, patriotism displayed by, at the siege of Yorktown, ii. 734.

Netherlands, rejoicings in Boston, in 1793, at the conquest of, by France, iii. 237.

Neutrality, efforts of Washington to preserve, in 1793, iii. 239; proclamation of Washington enjoining, iii. 241; laws in relation to, sustained in 1793, iii. 257.

Neville, General, house of, at Pittsburgh, burned by insurgents, in 1794, iii. 310.

Newark, entrance of Cornwallis into, at the moment of Washington's retreat from, ii. 346.

New Berne, North Carolina, spirit of opposition to British rule prevalent in, in 1774--provincial convention of republicans called at--assemblage of the legislature at, ii. 111; visit of Washington to, on his southern tour, in 1791, iii. 181.

Newburg, Washington with the army at, iii. 7; discontents in the army at, iii. 15; addresses of Armstrong to the army at, iii. 16, 18; address read by Washington to a meeting of officers at (note), iii. 18; resolutions of a meeting of officers at, iii. 20; letter of Washington to the president of Congress in relation to the meeting at, iii. 21.

Newburyport, departure of Arnold from, for the invasion of Canada, i. 688.

Newcastle, duke of, his ignorance and incapacity--anecdote of, told by Horace Walpole (note), i. 129; Horatio Gates consulted by, in relation to the colonies--advice of Mr. Hanbury to, i. 130.

New England, liberality and heroism of, in colonial times, i. 175; Dieskau defeated by men principally from, i. 184; tour of Washington through, in 1789, iii. 125; demonstrations of respect paid to Washington in, iii. 126, 134.

Newfoundland, measures of Lord North hostile to the New-England fisheries at, i. 496.

New Hampshire, late ratification of the federal constitution in, iii. 78.

New-Hampshire Grants, history of, i. 523.

New Haven, rejection of Washington in, in 1789, iii. 126.

New Jersey, treasury of the province of, taken possession of by the people, after the battle of Lexington, i. 516; measures taken by Washington for the defence of, ii. 323; despondency of the people of, ii. 350; Governor Livingston powerless in, ii. 351; British protections taken by persons in (note), ii. 366; indignation of the people of, at the brutal conduct of the Hessians, ii. 397; proclamation issued in, by Washington, in relation to loyalists, ii. 400; course of conduct of Washington censured by members of the legislature of, ii. 401; Americans left in possession of, by General Howe, ii. 453; remonstrance of troops from, with the legislature--mediation of Washington in favor of troops from, ii. 657; sum of money raised by the ladies of, for the army, ii. 679; mutiny of troops of, at Pompton, ii. 709.

Newport, threatened by Captain Wallace, ii. 16; tories of, deprived of their arms by General Lee--oath administered by General Lee to the tories of, ii. 17; the French blockaded in, by Admiral Arbuthnot, ii. 681; voyage of Washington to, in 1790, accompanied by Jefferson, iii. 162.

New Rochelle, post taken at, by Lord Howe, ii. 312.

New York, population of, in 1756, i. 198; powers of the governor and legislature of, suspended--sympathy of all the other colonies with, i. 342; British ministers misled by the loyal bearing of the assembly of, i 487; loyalty of, in 1775, i. 496; refusal of the assembly of, to sanction the proceedings of the first continental Congress--provincial congress assembled in, i. 515; functions of government assumed by the provincial congress of--large proportion of troops furnished by, for the continental army (note), i. 516; arrival of Washington in the city of, on his way to Cambridge--address of the president of the provincial congress of, to Washington, i. 577; peculiar position of the province of--influence of the loyalists in, i. 579; plan of the British ministry for taking possession of, ii. 30; measures recommended by Congress for the defence of--machinations of Tryon in, ii. 31; alarm occasioned in, by the action of Lee against the tories, ii. 39; flight of tories from, ii. 39, 41; effect in, of the news of the evacuation of Boston, ii. 78; measures of Washington for the defence of, ii. 82; respect paid to Washington on his way to, from Boston--fortified by Lord Stirling, ii. 84; extreme caution of the provincial congress of, ii. 127; list of names of the vigilance committee appointed by the whigs of, ii. 128; alarm occasioned in, by broadsides from the Asia, ii. 129; temporizing policy of the provincial congress of, ii. 130; batteries in and near, in March, 1776 (note), ii. 137; placed under martial law by General Putnam, ii. 138; headquarters of Washington in--society broken up in, ii. 139; communications between the people of, and the king's ships, ii. 140; measures of Congress for the defence of, ii. 170; schemes of the tories in, under the direction of Tryon, ii. 172, 173; inadequacy of the force at, for its defence, ii. 179, 180; Declaration of Independence read to the troops in--statue of George III. in, destroyed by a party of soldiers and citizens, ii. 214; excitement caused in, by broadsides from British ships, ii. 218; arrival of Lord Howe at--tories in prison in, removed to the interior, ii. 221; sectional jealousies in the camp at, ii. 230, 242; backwardness of recruits in joining the camp at, ii. 231; defensive works in the neighborhood of, ii. 233; the abandonment of, by Washington, recommended by the state convention, ii. 234; fire-ships constructed to destroy British vessels in the harbor of, ii. 236; deficiency in numbers and discipline of the army of Washington at, ii. 241; alarm occasioned in, by the firing in the battle of Long Island, ii. 273; destruction of, proposed by Washington, and urged by General Greene, ii. 286, 287, 289; desertions from the American army at, after the battle of Long Island, ii. 285, 287; Washington directed by Congress not to destroy--rumors respecting the burning of, in the British camp, ii. 287; letter of Washington respecting the designs of the British against--evacuation of, proposed by Washington, ii. 288; inhabitants of, recommended by Washington to remove from, ii. 262; evacuation of, commenced under the superintendence of Colonel Glover, ii. 294; more than seven years in the possession of the British, ii. 297; great fire in, immediately after its occupation by the British--origin of the great fire in (note), ii. 300; New York and Rhode Island, the British confined to, ii. 645; harbor of, frozen over in the winter of 1779-'80, ii. 665; movements of the allies in the neighborhood of, ii. 722-724; relief to the southern states by the movements at, ii. 725; evacuation of, by the British, iii. 32; legislature of, in favor of a closer federal union, iii. 56; journey of Washington to, in 1789, iii. 85; reception of Washington at, in 1789, iii. 89; frugal habits of Washington in, iii. 169; houses occupied by Washington in (note), iii. 169.

New Windsor, headquarters of Governor Clinton at, ii. 546.

Niagara, expedition against, under Governor Shirley, proposed by General Braddock, i. 141; failure of Shirley's expedition against, i. 185.

Nicola, Colonel Lewis, letter of, to Washington, urging his assumption of the title of king, iii. 8; reply of Washington to, iii. 9.

Ninety Six, siege of, by General Greene, iii. 2.

Noailles, Viscount de, refuge taken by, in America (note), iii. 278.

Norfolk, distress of the loyalists on board the ships at, ii. 24; laid in ashes by Lord Dunmore, ii. 25; destroyed by the republicans under Colonel Stevens--barracks erected at, by Lord Dunmore, ii. 109.

North Carolina, "Regulators" of, in 1770, i. 371; loyalty of, in 1775, i. 496; provincial congress formed in, i. 520; embarkation of Cornwallis for, with seven regiments, ii. 90; outrages of Cornwallis in, ii. 185; increase of the revolutionary feeling in, ii. 111; Martin the last royal governor of, ii. 120; hesitation of, to ratify the federal constitution, iii. 98.

North Castle, retreat of Washington from White Plains to, ii. 322; perplexity of Washington at, as to the movements of General Howe, ii. 323.

Northern American army, bad condition of, in the autumn of 1776, ii. 243.

North, Lord, chosen prime minister in 1770, i. 364; character and personal appearance of--early opposition of, to the Americans (note), i. 365; proposal of, to continue the duty on tea, i. 366; large majority of, in the house of commons, in 1774, i. 485; caricatures of, published in England, i. 486; preparatory measures of, for the coercion of the colonies, i. 493; address to the king relative to American affairs moved by. i. 494; bill hostile to the trade of New England brought forward by, i. 496; "conciliatory bill" brought forward by, i. 497; misrepresentations of the evacuation of, Boston made by. ii. 85; decisive conciliatory measures proposed by, in relation to the colonies--opposition to the measures of, by Lord Chatham, ii. 608; Washington's opinion of the proposed measures of, ii. 609; the bills of, treated with scorn throughout the country, ii. 610; resignation by, of the premiership, after the surrender at Yorktown, ii. 740.

Northwest territory, General Arthur St. Clair appointed governor of--hostility of the Indians in--force sent against, under General Harmar, iii. 156; peace made with the Indians in, in 1794, iii. 329; lands owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Nova Scotia, conquest of, by General Winslow, in 1755, i. 178; Washington adverse to a proposed expedition against, i. 629; embarkation of tories for, in 1783, iii. 22.

Ogden, Matthias, with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 697.

Ohio, account of Washington's mission to the French commander on the, in 1753, i. 75-92.

Ohio Company, object and constitution of, i. 60; movements of, in 1750, i. 71.

Ohio country, journey of Washington to the, in 1770, i. 358; abundance of game in the, i. 359.

Ohio expedition, perils and sufferings of Washington and his party while on the, i. 90.

Ohio, policy of driving the French beyond the, advocated by Washington, i. 205.

"Old Dominion," why so called (note), i. 236.

Old South Church, in Boston, used as a riding-school by Burgoyne's dragoons, i. 745.

Onondaga towns, destruction of, ii. 655.

Orders in council, British, in 1794, iii. 296; revocation of, iii. 297.

Orme, Captain, letter of, to Washington, urging him to become one of the family of General Braddock, i. 139; his opinion of colonial troops--biographical notice of (note), i. 151.

Orne, Azar, appointed major-general of Massachusetts militia, ii. 60.

Oswegatchie river, fort at the mouth of, a rendezvous of Indians and tories, ii. 148.

Oswego, supplies thrown into, by Bradstreet, i. 232; siege of, by Montcalm, in 1756, i. 233; death of Colonel Mercer at--capitulation of the fort at, i. 234.

Otis, James, eloquent speeches made by, i. 317, 344; misfortunes and death of (note), i. 318.

Paine, Thomas, "Common Sense" written by, ii. 11; influence of his writings in keeping alive the spirit of the Revolution (note), ii. 202; agency of, in transmitting the key of the Bastile from Lafayette to Washington--letter of, to Washington, accompanying the key, iii. 164; malignant letter addressed to Washington by, iii. 461; extracts from the letter of, written from the house of Monroe, in Paris, iii. 462.

Palfrey, William, letter of Washington to, respecting the tories in Portsmouth, i. 746.

Pall-bearers at the funeral of Washington, iii. 559.

Paris, a Virginian, defeat of Donville by, i. 209.

Paris, treaty of, vast extent of territory given to England by, i. 313.

Parker, Captain, minute-men at Lexington under the command of, i. 504.

Parker, Captain, sent up the Hudson river in the Phoenix by General Howe, ii. 218, 309.

Parker, Sir Peter, arrival of, with a British fleet, off Charleston bar, ii. 188; attack of the fleet of, upon Fort Sullivan, ii. 190; wounded in the attack upon Fort Sullivan, ii. 193.

Parliament, accordance of, with the king, in measures against Massachusetts, i. 449; confidence of, that the "rebellion" would soon subside, ii. 395.

Parsons, General, biographical notice of (note), ii. 548.

Paterson, Judge, office of secretary of state offered to, by Washington, in 1795, iii. 371.

Paulus's Hook, capture of, by Captain Henry Lee, ii. 660.

Peace, negotiations for, commenced at Paris, iii. 10; commissioners appointed to negotiate a treaty of, iii. 15; treaty of, signed by Franklin, Adams, Jay, and Henry Laurens, iii. 15; news of the treaty of, iii. 21; definitive treaty of, when signed, iii. 29.

Peace of 1763, Washington introduced into a wider field of action by, i. 321.

Peale, Angelica, civic crown placed upon the head of Washington by, iii. 86.

Peale, Charles Willson, earliest portrait of Washington painted by, iii. 476.

Peekskill, unsuccessful attempt of the British to seize stores at, ii. 426; recommended by Washington as a point for the concentration of troops, ii. 428; eight regiments of the forces from Massachusetts ordered by Washington to, ii. 429.

Pemberton, Israel, objection of, to the Sunday-laws of New England, i. 455; warm answer to the objections of, by John Adams, i. 456.

Pendleton, Edmund, Washington's journey to the first continental Congress in company with, i. 417.

Penn, Governor, friendly to the patriots (note), i. 457; banished to Fredericksburg, in Virginia, i. 461; petition intrusted to, for presentation to the king, i. 606.

Pennibecker's Mill, Washington's army encamped at, ii. 551.

Pennsylvania, early popularity of Washington in, i. 197; Indian depredations on the frontier of, in 1756, i. 225; peace secured on the frontier of, by the destruction of Kittanning by Colonel Armstrong, i. 227; conduct of the troops from, ii. 347, 500, 708; weakness of Washington's army in, ii. 365; necessities of the continental army supplied by, ii. 670; mutiny at Morristown of the troops from, ii. 707; proposal of the executive council of, to bestow a pecuniary reward on Washington, iii. 41; resistance in the western parts of, to the excise laws, in 1792, iii. 217; letter of Washington respecting rebellious movements in, in 1794, iii. 305; commencement of the "Whiskey Insurrection" in the western counties of, iii. 307; volunteers raised in, in 1794, through the eloquence of Mifflin (note), iii. 317; property owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Penobscot bay, destruction of an American flotilla in, by Admiral Collier, ii. 661.

Percy, Lord, British reinforcements brought up by, at the battle of Lexington, i. 508; narrow escape of, at Cambridge, i. 509.

Peyroney, Chevalier de, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152.

Philadelphia, number of houses in, in 1756, i. 198; private entertainments in, in 1774 (note), i. 419; measures taken by the people of, after the battle of Lexington, i. 517; the continental army marched by Washington through the streets of, ii. 495; application of Hamilton to the ladies of, for clothing for the troops, ii. 517; march of Cornwallis into--fortifications of, taken possession of by the British--cannonade opened upon, by frigates in the Delaware, ii. 518; the capture of, disastrous to the British cause, ii. 519; Washington urged to make an attack upon, ii. 566; language of Marshall, in relation to Washington's prudence in not attacking, ii. 567; preparations of the British for leaving, ii. 616; evacuation of, by Sir Henry Clinton, by order of the British ministry, ii. 617; sum of money raised by the ladies of, for the patriot army, ii. 678; reception of Washington at, in 1789, iii. 86; chosen in 1790 as the seat of government for ten years, iii. 150; effects of the removal of the seat of government to, iii. 167; arrival of Washington in, in 1790--Mrs. Washington's first levee in, iii. 170; Washington's proclamation in 1793 approved by the "solid men" of, iii. 250; yellow fever in, in 1793, iii. 280; left by Washington during the visit of the yellow fever in 1793, iii. 281; banquet given by the merchants of, on Washington's retirement from office, iii. 476; last visit of Washington to, iii. 525.

Philipse family in New York, great landed estates of (note), i. 202.

Philipse, Mary, Washington's admiration of, i. 199; undeclared passion of Washington for, i. 201.

Pickens, Colonel, Colonel Boyd defeated by, ii. 651.

Pickering, Colonel, letter of, to Washington, hinting suspicions of Randolph, iii. 360; successor of Randolph, as secretary of state, in 1795, iii. 372; letters of Washington to, iii. 496, 528, 530.

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 354; office of secretary of state offered to, by Washington, in 1795, iii. 371; letter of Washington to, urging his acceptance of the mission to France, iii. 443; refusal of the French government to receive, iii. 492; ordered to leave France, iii. 493, 504; notified by the French government to leave Paris, iii. 494; special envoy to France in 1798, iii. 496; indignant reply of, to the agents of the French Directory, iii. 503; appointed major-general in the provisional army, in 1798 (note), iii. 515; encomium passed by Washington upon the character of, iii. 518; willingness of, to serve as major-general under Hamilton--conference of, with M'Henry and Hamilton, respecting the provisional army, in 1798, iii. 525.

Pinckney, Thomas, minister to the court of St. James in 1792, iii. 223; a candidate for the vice-presidency in 1796, iii. 451; letter of Washington to, in relation to the troubles with France, iii. 495.

Pine, Robert Edge, portrait of Washington painted by, iii. 50.

Pitcairn, Major, sent by General Gage to seize stores at Concord, i. 503; attack made by the soldiers of, upon the minute-men at Lexington, i. 505.

Pitt, Lord, unwillingness of Lady Chatham that he should bear arms against the colonists (note), i. 686; instructions of Washington to Arnold respecting, i. 686.

Pitt, William, placed at the head of the British ministry--Lord Loudoun recalled by--expeditions proposed by, against Louisburg, Ticonderoga, and Fort Duquesne--General Forbes appointed by, to lead the expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 253; measures of the Virginia assembly in response to the wishes of, i. 255; conquest of Canada aimed at by, i. 259; effect upon, of the news of the disaster at Ticonderoga, i. 266; design of, to complete the conquest of Canada in 1759, i. 289; his plan of the campaign in America in 1759, i. 290; on the American "subjects," i. 321; opposition of, in the house of commons, to the stamp-act--reply of, to an interrogatory of Grenville, i. 324; his commendation in Parliament of the colonists for resisting the stamp-act, i. 339; his denial of the right of England to tax the colonies, i. 340; made earl of Chatham--medley cabinet of, in 1766, described by Burke (note), i. 342; various oppressive measures toward the colonies attempted by the cabinet of, i. 343; declining popularity of, as earl of Chatham--foolish fondness of, for display (note), i. 363; astonishing effect of the return of, to public life, in 1770, i. 364; opposition of, to Lord North, i. 364, 365. (See Lord Chatham.)

Pitt, William (the younger), liberal commercial policy of, in 1783, iii. 100.

Pittsburgh, a noble monument to the memory of William Pitt, i. 284; resolution adopted at, in 1792, in relation to the excise law (note), iii. 216; resistance in, to the excise law, iii. 308.

Ploughed hill, occupied by Washington at the siege of Boston, i. 640.

Poacher, Washington's chastisement of a, i. 309.

Pohick Church, in Truro parish, Virginia, history of--characteristic anecdote of Washington in connection with, i. 337; condition of, when visited by the author in 1848 (note)--extract from the record-book of (note), i. 338.

Polson, William, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152.

Pomeroy, Seth, appointed brigadier-general in the continental army--brief biographical notice of, i. 548; courage displayed by, at Breed's hill, i. 562; retirement and death of, i. 593.

Pondevez, Viscount de, reception of Washington by, on board the Illustrious, in 1789, iii. 132.

Pontiac, hostile confederation brought about by, among the Indian tribes--frontier forts seized by Indians under the direction of, i. 319; Detroit besieged by, in 1768--death of, at Cahokia, i. 320.

Pope's creek, domain of Washington's ancestors on, i. 17, 35.

Poplopen's creek, fortress erected at the mouth of, ii. 170.

Porterfield, Captain, with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 697.

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, fort at, taken possession of by Sullivan and Langdon, i. 484; Sullivan sent to prepare the fort at, for the defence of the town, i. 734; visit of Washington to, in 1789, iii. 133.

Post, Christian Frederick, an emissary of General Forbes among the western Indians (note), i. 284.

Post-office department, Franklin placed at the head of, by the second continental Congress, i. 612.

Potomac, barge kept on, by Washington, at Mount Vernon, i. 310.

Potomac Company, fifty shares in, offered to Washington by the Virginia legislature--Washington president of, iii. 47.

Pott's Grove, Washington at, ii. 516.

Potts, Isaac, the house of, the headquarters of Washington at Valley Forge, ii. 602; iron foundry and forge of, called "Valley Forge" (note)--Washington seen by, in the woods, at prayer (note), ii. 602.

Pownall, Governor, statement of, of the number of troops in the French forts and settlements (note), i. 282.

Prayers read by Washington in camp near Fort Necessity, i. 117.

Presbyterian Church, abolition of slavery recommended by, in 1788, iii. 152.

Presbyterians almost all whigs during the progress of the Revolution, i. 403.

Prescott, Colonel William, fortification of Bunker's hill intrusted to--personal appearance of--Breed's hill chosen by, instead of Bunker's, i. 556; voluntary exposure of, at Breed's hill (note), i. 558; narrow escape of, at Breed's hill, i. 569.

Prescott, General, capture of, by Rhode-Island republicans, ii. 473; exchange of, for General Lee, ii. 474, 613.

Preston, Captain, Boston mob fired upon by the soldiers of--and his men tried for murder, and acquitted, by a Boston jury, i. 368; his obstinate defence of the fort at St. John on the Sorel, i. 678; honorable terms of surrender granted to, by Montgomery, i. 680.

Prevost, General, invasion of South Carolina by, ii. 651.

Price, Mr., assistance rendered by, to Montgomery, at Montreal, i. 712.

Priestley. Doctor, letters of Franklin to (note), i. 605, 641.

Princeton, troops left at, by Washington, under Lord Stirling and General Adam Stephen, ii. 351; night-march of Washington upon--advance led by Mercer in the night-march on, ii. 386; troops at, animated by the presence of Washington, ii. 388; defeat of the British at, ii. 389; strong impression produced on the public mind by the battle at, ii. 390; Captain Leslie, son of the earl of Devon, killed at--American losses at, ii. 891; long-continued quiet of the two armies after the battle at, ii. 413; adjournment of Congress to, iii. 26; address of Congress to Washington at, iii. 28.

Prisoners, cruel treatment of, by General Gage, i. 630; correspondence between Washington and Gage in relation to the treatment of, i. 630-635; ill treatment of, retaliated by Washington, i. 633; numbers taken by the British and Americans respectively, down to the close of 1776, ii. 404; letter of Washington to General Howe, relative to an exchange of--cruel treatment of, by the British, ii. 405; letter of Washington to the president of Congress, in relation to the treatment of, ii. 408; letter of Washington to Lord Howe, in relation to the treatment of, ii. 409; reply of Lord Howe to the letter of Washington, ii. 410; joint commission proposed, to settle questions in relation to--refusal of Washington to exchange an equal number of healthy for sickly, ii. 412; difficulties respecting the exchange of, ii. 605; commissioners appointed to regulate the exchange of, ii. 606.

Privateers fitted out by order of Washington, i. 740; decision of Washington's cabinet, in 1793, respecting, iii. 270; act of Congress in relation to, in 1798, iii. 496.

Proclamation issued by Washington, enjoining neutrality, in 1798--language of (note), iii. 241; approved by the "solid men" of Philadelphia, iii. 250; controversy respecting, between Hamilton and Madison, iii. 262.

Proclamations issued by Washington in 1794, addressed to the insurgents in Pennsylvania (note), iii. 311, 314.

Property of Washington directed by his will to be sold, iii. 542; notes of Washington in relation to, iii. 544.

Prophecy, Indian, respecting the destinies of Washington, iii. 48.

Prospect hill, shell thrown to, from Boston, by the British, ii. 62.

Providence, Washington's acknowledgment of a, i. 387.

Provincials, admirable conduct of, at the battle of the Monongahela, i. 167, 169.

Provost, Doctor, prayers offered by, at the inauguration of Washington, iii. 96.

Pulaski, Count, awaiting an appointment to a troop of horse, ii. 497; conspicuous bravery of, at the battle of the Brandywine, ii. 510; force of infantry under the command of, surprised and massacred by Ferguson, ii. 643; mortally wounded at the siege of Savannah, ii. 663.

Putnam, Colonel Rufus, appointed brigadier under Wayne in 1791, iii. 197.

Putnam, General Israel, at the defeat of Dieskau, i. 182, 184; with Abercrombie at Ticonderoga, i. 262; taken prisoner by the French and Indians in 1758, i. 266; at Cambridge with a body of Connecticut men, i. 543; appointed by Congress associate major-general with Philip Schuyler i. 547; efforts of, to turn the fugitives at Bunker's hill, i. 569; "impregnable fortress" of, on Cobble hill, i. 761; intrenchment on Lechmere's Point begun by, i. 764; sent to New York to assume the chief command there, ii. 82; martial law proclaimed by, in New York, ii. 138; left in command at New York by Washington--instructions of Washington to, relative to the seizure of Long-Island tories, ii. 157; obstructions sunk in the Hudson river, near Fort Washington, under the direction of, ii. 237; command of the troops in Brooklyn given to, on the approach of the British, ii. 264; neglect of, to secure the hill-passes in the neighborhood of Bedford, ii. 277; escape of the troops of, from New York, under the guidance of Aaron Burr, ii. 296; almost unlimited powers granted to, by Congress in Philadelphia, ii. 362; outwitted by Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 543, 546; narrow escape of, from British dragoons, ii. 658.

Quakers, adverse to a union of the colonies, i. 455; opposition of, to the American Association, i. 456, 457; account of a meeting of, in 1775, from Pennsylvania and New Jersey, i. 457; "Testimony" of the, i. 458; as a body friends of the king to the end of the war, i. 459, 460; harsh condemnation of the "Testimony" of, by Christopher Marshall (note), i. 459; the "Testimony" of, repudiated by a large number of--military company of, called The Quaker Company--aid and comfort given to the enemy by--records of meetings of, found to be treasonable, i. 460; names of, banished to Fredericksburg (note)--spies upon Washington in camp at Valley Forge--orders issued by Washington respecting, i. 461; Roberts and Carlisle, members of the sect of, hanged as spies--apology for the conduct of, i. 462; adverse to a day of fasting and prayer appointed by Congress (note), i. 531; congratulations of, offered to Cornwallis on his entrance into Philadelphia, ii. 518; memorial of, in relation to slavery, laid before Congress in 1790, iii. 152; volunteers from, among the troops sent to put down the "Whiskey Insurrection" in 1794, iii. 321.

Quebec, siege of, by General Wolfe, i. 293-300; capitulation of, to General Townshend--General Murray left to defend--siege of, by De Levi, in 1760, i. 300; opportune arrival of Lord Colville at, i. 301; expedition against, intrusted to Arnold, i. 683; instructions of Washington to Arnold on his departure for, i. 683-687; approach of Arnold known in, through Indian treachery--terror of the people of, on the arrival of Arnold at Point Levi, i. 696; Maclean's Highlanders the only reliable defence of, during the siege by Arnold, i. 702; small British squadron sent from Boston for the relief of, i. 711; probable success of the Americans at, reported to Washington by Captain Freeman, i. 713; reliance of Sir Guy Carleton upon troops from England for the defence of, ii. 99; garrison of, reinforced--sortie from, led by Carleton, upon the Americans on the Plains of Abraham--retreat of the American army from, to Chamblée and St. John, ii. 102.

Quincy, Josiah, biographical notice of (note), i. 464; letters of, written from London, in relation to the Revolutionary struggle, i. 465-467; extract from a speech of, delivered in Boston, in 1773 (note), i. 465; scheme of, for protecting the harbor of Boston, i. 748.

Radnor, earl of, letter of Washington to, from Mount Vernon, in 1798, iii. 488.

Ralle, Colonel, surprise of, at Trenton, ii. 373; mortal wound received by, at the head of his grenadiers, ii. 374; visited at his quarters by Washington and Greene, ii. 375.

Randolph, Edmund, resolutions of, in the convention to amend the federal confederation, iii. 66; appointed by Washington attorney-general in 1789, iii. 121; successor of Jefferson as secretary of state, iii. 289; letters of Washington to, in relation to Jay's treaty, iii. 357, 359; suspicions thrown on the integrity of, by intercepted papers of Fauchet, iii. 361; office in the cabinet resigned by, iii. 363; correspondence of, with Washington, in relation to the matter of Fauchet's intercepted papers, iii. 363-366; implications in Fauchet's papers denied by--written declaration of Fauchet in favor of--threats of, to damage the reputation of Washington, iii. 364; vindication of, published by himself, iii. 366; regret of, in after-life, for his course toward Washington, iii. 367.

Randolph, Peyton, chosen president of the first continental Congress, i. 421; name of, presented to the British government in a bill of attainder (note), i. 481; chosen president of the second continental Congress, i. 528; biographical notice of (note), i. 534.

Rappahannock, house and lands on the, bequeathed to George Washington by his father, i. 29; stone thrown across the, by Washington, at Fredericksburg, iii. 593.

Raritan, bridge of boats over the, constructed by General Howe, ii. 450

Rawlins, Mr., Washington bled by, in his last sickness, iii. 553.

"Recollections and Private Memoirs of Washington." by G. W. P. Custis, extracts from (note), iii. 531.

Red Hook, Long Island, redoubt erected upon, ii. 84.

Reed, Colonel Joseph, of Philadelphia, letter of, to the earl of Dartmouth, in relation to the general Congress, i. 411; extract from a letter of, on the continental Congress, i. 419; letter of, in relation to the unanimity of feeling in the colonies in opposition to the claims of Parliament, i. 447; letter of, to Lord Dartmouth, denying that independence was aimed at, i. 453; Washington's private secretary at Cambridge, i. 574; letter of Washington to, on the condition of the continental army, ii. 14; letter of Washington to, alluding to the difficulties of his position at Cambridge, ii. 46, 50; sent by Washington to meet Lieutenant Brown, bearing a flag from Lord Howe, ii. 225; despondent letter of, in relation to the prospects of the republic (note), ii. 311; letters of, to General Lee, ii. 338, 339; unfaithfulness of, to Washington, ii. 340; letter of General Lee to, reflecting on Washington--disaffection of, discovered by Washington, ii. 347; explanatory letters of, to Washington, ii. 348; prisoners taken by, near Princeton, ii. 382.

Regulators of North Carolina, in 1770, i. 371; defeated by Governor Try on, and the leaders hanged, i. 372; junction of, with the tories--respect of, for the oath given to Tryon (note), ii. 114.

Reidesel, Baroness, with her husband in the camp of Burgoyne, ii 534; account left by, of the generous conduct of Schuyler, ii. 537.

Religion, Washington's opinion of the importance of, to the well-being of a state, i. 336.

Republican and Federal parties, origin of, iii. 151.

Republicans, Jefferson at the head of the party, iii. 188.

Revere, Paul, people incited by, to seize the fort at Portsmouth, i. 484; bills of the first issue of continental money engraved by (note), i. 550.

Rhode Island, batteries of Newport seized by the people of, i. 484; army voted by the assembly of, after the battle of Lexington, i. 514; complete equipment of the troops from, in the army at Cambridge, i. 596; tories of, quiet after the visit of General Lee, ii. 18; combined efforts of the American and French forces to recapture, ii. 637; singular conduct of D'Estaing at, ii. 638; severe engagement at Quaker hill, on--arrival of Sir Henry Clinton at--irritation caused by the failure to recapture, ii. 639; and New York, the British confined to, ii. 645; refusal of, to ratify the federal constitution, iii. 98; not visited by Washington, in his tour through New England, in 1789, iii. 134; federal constitution adopted by, in 1790--visit of Washington to, in 1790, iii. 162.

Richmond hill, Washington and his military family occupants of the mansion at, in 1776, ii. 172.

Richmond, visit of Washington to, on his southern tour, iii. 180.

Riflemen, American, origin of the Indian-like dress of, i. 389.

"Rights of Man," Paine's, detested by John Adams, but admired by Jefferson, iii. 190; apparently endorsed by Washington and Jefferson, iii. 191; several copies taken by Wellington to Mount Vernon--statement of Paine respecting the sale of (note), iii. 200.

Rivington, the tory printer, type and presses of, destroyed by Sears, ii. 33.

Roberts and Carlisle, Quakers, hanged as spies, i. 462.

Robespierre, fall of, in 1794, iii. 302.

Robinson, Colonel, defence of Boston Neck by, i. 513.

Robinson, Speaker, letters of Washington to, urging the invasion of the Ohio country, i. 206, 244; letter of Washington to, in relation to the conduct of Governor Dinwiddie, i. 218; advice of, to Washington, not to resign his commission, i. 245; address of, on the part of the Virginia house of burgesses, to Washington, i. 288.

Rochambeau, Count de, arrival of French troops under the command of, at Newport, ii. 679; blockaded in Newport by Admiral Arbutbnot, ii. 681; conference of Washington with, at Weathersfield, ii. 722; money borrowed of, by Robert Morris, ii. 726; death of, at the age of eighty-two, iii. 500.

Rockingham, marquis of, speech of, in Parliament, on the evacuation of Boston, ii. 88.

Rocky hill, near Princeton, house engaged by Congress at, for the use of Washington, iii. 28; last general order of Washington dated at, iii. 29.

Roebuck, Doctor, efforts of, to counteract the influence of Franklin in England, i. 485.

Rogers, Major, suspicious conduct of, ii. 18; British army joined by, ii. 19; arrested, by order of Washington, at South Amboy (note), ii. 20; Queen's Rangers embodied by, ii. 309; attack made upon the rangers of, by Colonel Haslet, at Mamaroneck, ii. 314.

Roxbury, description of the fort at (note), i. 589; General Ward's division stationed at, at the siege of Boston, i. 619.

Roxbury Neck, burning of Brown's house at, i. 588.

Royal American regiment, formation of, proposed, i. 229.

Royal Gazette, spurious letters published in, in 1778, charged to have been written by Washington, iii. 448.

Rules of behavior, fifty-four, from an early manuscript volume of Washington, i. 37-41.

Rush, Doctor Benjamin, courage and philanthropy of--biographical notice of (note), iii. 281.

Rutledge, John, Patrick Henry's opinion of, as an orator, i. 450; made governor of South Carolina--biographical notice of (note), ii. 187; military works constructed by, near Charleston, ii. 188; made dictator by the legislature of South Carolina ii. 671; appointed associate judge of the supreme court in 1789, iii. 122; hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 354.

Sabbath, observance of the, by Washington, iii. 112.

Sag Harbor, destruction of British stores at, by Lieutenant-Colonel Meigs, ii. 439.

St. Clair, Colonel Arthur, despatched by General Thompson against Maclean, at Three Rivers, ii. 147; commissioned major-general in the continental army, ii. 403; force under the command of, at Ticonderoga, ii. 463; Ticonderoga evacuated by, ii. 465; pursued by Burgoyne, ii. 466; retreat of, to Fort Edward, ii. 467; superseded in the northern department by Arnold, ii. 470; suspicions excited against, ii. 697; appointed governor of the Northwest territory, iii. 156; expedition of, against the Indians in the Northwest, iii. 176, 193; caution given to, by Washington, iii. 176; surprise and defeat of, iii. 193; considerate conduct of Washington toward, iii. 196.

St. Clair. Sir John, military posts visited by, in 1754, i. 137.

St. John, unauthorized descent upon, by Captains Broughton and Selman, i. 742.

St. John on the Sorel, capture and abandonment of, by Arnold, i. 646; retreat of Ethan Allen from--reinforcements sent to, by Governor Carleton, i. 647; surrender of, to Montgomery--clothing out of the captured stores allowed by Montgomery to the garrison of--Major André among the prisoners taken at, i. 680.

St. Leger, Colonel, junction of, with Sir John Johnson, at Oswego, ii. 459.

St. Pierre, Legardeur de, his reception of Washington at Fort Le Boeuf, i. 83; audience given by, to Tanacharisson and his brother-chiefs, i. 84; reply of, to the letter of Governor Dinwiddie, i. 85; efforts of, to detain Tanacharisson and other chiefs of Washington's party, i. 86; death of, i. 181.

Salem, Massachusetts, patriotism of the people of, i. 389; unsuccessful attempt of Colonel Leslie to seize arms at, i. 502.

Salem, North Carolina, visit of Washington to a Moravian settlement at, in 1791, iii. 181.

Sanders's creek, total defeat of Gates at, by Lords Cornwallis and Rawdon, ii. 683.

Santee, Greene on the High Hills of, iii. 3.

Saratoga, militia of Massachusetts and Connecticut desired by Washington to rendezvous at, ii. 471; destruction by Burgoyne of Schuyler's buildings at, ii. 535.

Savannah, seizure of powder in, by the patriots, i. 521; combined attack of Lincoln and D'Estaing upon--Count Pulaski mortally wounded at the siege of, ii. 663; gloom spread through the South by the repulse at, ii. 664; evacuation of, by the British, iii. 11; visit of Washington to, on his southern tour, in 1791, iii. 181.

Sayre, Stephen, letter of the earl of Chatham to, commending the continental Congress, i. 448; biographical notice of (note), i. 449; arrest of, in London (note), ii. 2.

Scalps, prices paid for, in early colonial times (note), i. 209.

School, Washington's application at, i. 45.

Schoolbooks, manuscript, of Washington, still in existence, i. 36.

Schoolfellows, Washington's, their regard for him, i. 36, 46.

Schuyler, Philip, at Oswego in 1756, i. 232; commander at Fort George in 1756, i. 234.

Schuyler, Philip, appointed third major-general under Washington--brief biographical notice of--in the second continental Congress, i. 547; instructions left with, by Washington, on his departure for Cambridge, i. 579; affectionate letter of, to Washington, at Cambridge, i. 597; powers granted to, by the second continental Congress, i. 610; ordered to take possession of St. John and Montreal--command of the northern army taken by, i. 654; alarming letters received by, from Tryon county, i. 655: letter of, to Washington, in relation to affairs at Ticonderoga--return of troops in the colony of New York made by (note), i. 656; letter of sympathy of Washington to, describing affairs in the camp at Cambridge, i. 657; determination of, to invade Canada--efforts of, to secure the neutrality of the Six Nations, i. 661; letter of Washington to, in relation to the invasion of Canada, i. 662; address to the people of Canada issued by, from Isle aux Noix, i. 665; movements of, against St. John, i. 667; sickness of, on his expedition against St. John, i. 668, 669; his commendation of Montgomery to the continental Congress, i. 668; Major Brown and Colonel Ethan Allen sent into Canada by--compelled by sickness to give up his command to Montgomery, i. 669; letter of, to Washington, in relation to the insubordination of troops, i. 676; feeling against, among the Connecticut troops (note), i. 705; letter of, to Washington, expressing his determination to retire from public life, i. 706; ill feeling toward, among the troops from Connecticut, i. 708, 760; directed by Congress to establish his headquarters at Albany, ii. 96; disappointment of, at the disastrous turn of affairs in Canada--cheering words of Washington written to, ii. 103; Sir John Johnson and his Scotch Highlanders disarmed by, ii. 105; calumnies circulated respecting, ii. 153, 155, 245, 421; almost constant bodily sickness of, ii. 244; letter of, to Washington, in relation to Gates's claims of precedence, ii. 248; resentment of Gates disavowed by the generous conduct of, ii. 250; frank and honest character of--resolution of, to resign his commission, ii. 417; indignation of, at a letter written by Colonel Joseph Trumbull, ii. 418; neglect of his letters by Congress--censured by Congress for offensive language, ii. 419; character of, thoroughly vindicated in Congress--fully reinstated in command in the northern department--assiduity of, as military commander in Philadelphia, ii. 422; some of the slanders of, probably originated with Gates, ii. 423; energetic action of, on the approach of Burgoyne, ii. 462; efforts of, to hinder the march of Burgoyne, ii. 470; wonderful forecast of Washington displayed in a letter to, ii. 471; testimony of Irving to the noble qualities of, ii. 472; machinations of Gates and others against, ii. 477; ordered by Congress to the headquarters of the army, ii. 478; retreat of, to Cohoes Falls, ii. 484; "responsibility" taken by, in sending relief to Fort Schuyler, ii. 485; great exertions of, to check the progress of Burgoyne, ii. 488; exclusion of, by Gates, from his first council of war, ii. 521; buildings of, at Saratoga, burned by Burgoyne, ii. 585.

Seabury, Reverend Samuel, carried off to New Haven by Sears, ii. 33.

Seamen, British-born, claimed by England when found on neutral vessels, iii. 272.

Sears, Captain Isaac, scheme of, for disarming tories in New York, ii. 32; type and presses of Rivington, the tory printer, destroyed by, ii. 33; plan of, for disarming the tories in New York, favorably considered by Washington and Lee, ii. 34.

Sears, Captain Robert, entrance of, into New York, at the head of a body of troops--biographical notice of (note), ii. 41; British stores seized by, at Turtle bay, ii. 128.

Sedgwick, Mr., of Massachusetts, motion made by, in Congress, to provide for the execution of certain treaties, in 1796--warm debate on the motion of, iii. 398.

Senate, response of, to Washington's inaugural, in 1789, iii. 97.

Seneca Indians, name given to Washington by, ii. 657.

Seymour, Colonel, troop of horse of, dismissed by Washington, ii. 232; mortification and generosity of, ii. 233; Graydon's description of his troop of Connecticut light horse (note), ii. 242.

Sharpe, Governor, appointed to the command of all the colonial forces--invitation of, to Washington, to re-enter the army, i. 130; his letter to Washington returned, i. 131; remark of the king respecting the honesty of--superseded by General Braddock in the command of the colonial forces, i. 135.

Shenandoah, the valley of, famous for its abundance of winged game, i. 50.

Sherburne, Major Henry, sent to the relief of the fort at the Cedars--Indian ambuscade fallen into by, ii. 149.

Shingis, head sachem of the Delawares, with Washington in 1753, i. 77; active with the French in 1756, i. 225.

Shirley, Governor, Washington's respect for, i. 145; failure of his expedition against Niagara, i. 185; visit of Washington to, in New England, in 1756, i. 196; his reception of Washington in Boston, i. 200; biographical notice of (note), i. 200.

Shuldham, Admiral, alarm of, on seeing the Americans on Dorchester Heights, ii. 65.

Silliman, General, militia collected by, to resist Tryon in his expedition against Danbury--joined by Wooster and Arnold, ii. 484.

Simcoe, Lieutenant-Colonel, Queen's Rangers commanded by, ii. 309.

Singleterry, arrest of, for enlisting on the privateer Citizen Genet, iii. 259.

Six Nations, seduced from the English interest after the destruction of the forts at Oswego, i. 235; efforts of General Schuyler to secure the neutrality of--hostile attitude assumed by, through the influence of Sir John Johnson (note), i. 661; induced to throw off their neutrality by the Johnsons, ii. 104.

Skene, Major Philip, a noted loyalist, with Burgoyne, ii. 480.

Skenesborough, expedition of Captain Herrick against, i. 645; galleys destroyed at, by the British, ii. 467.

Slavery, action of several states in relation to, before 1790--petitions in relation to, laid before Congress in 1790, iii. 152; resolutions reported by a Congressional committee in relation to, iii. 153; remark of Washington on the action of Congress in relation to, iii. 154; anxiety of Washington for the abolition of (note), iii. 535.

Slaves, Washington charged by Jasper Dwight with being a dealer in, iii. 477; provision made by the will of Washington for the liberation of, iii. 535, 538.

Slave-trade, resolution adverse to the, adopted at the Williamsburg convention, in 1744, i. 405; the American Association agree to discontinue the, i. 441; action of various states in relation to the, before 1790, iii. 152.

Slocum, Lieutenant, in the battle at Moore's-creek bridge--anecdote of the wife of, told by Mrs. Ellett (note), ii. 118.

Small-pox, Washington attacked by, in Barbados--permanent traces of, on the countenance of Washington, i. 63; precautions taken against, in the camp at Morristown, ii. 401.

Smallwood, Colonel, regiment of, sent by General Mercer to reinforce the army in New York, ii. 241.

Smallwood's regiment, admirable conduct of, in the battle of Long Island, ii. 275.

Smith, Adam, unfriendly to American freedom, i. 485.

Smith, Colonel, sent by General Gage to seize stores at Concord, i. 503; courthouse at Concord set on fire by troops under--retreat of, from Concord, i. 507; wounded in the leg near Lexington--command of, saved by the arrival of Lord Percy--extreme exhaustion of the soldiers of, i. 508.

Societies, democratic, in 1793, condemnation of, by Washington, iii. 264; excise laws denounced by, iii. 311; letter of Washington to General Henry Lee, in relation to, iii. 313; Washington's opinion of (note), iii. 322; denounced by Washington in his sixth annual message--debates in Congress, in relation to, iii. 324; gradual dissolution of, iii. 328; hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. 354.

Sons of Liberty, associations of, i. 324.

Sorel, condition of the republican army at the, after the flight from Quebec, ii. 146.

South Carolina, money sent to London from, in support of the Bill of Rights, i. 370; royal power abdicated in, by Lord Campbell, ii. 186; changes in the civil government of--happiness caused among the people of, by the change of government (note), ii. 187; comparative quiet in, after the repulse of the British at Charleston, ii. 197; citizens of, in the northern army, ii. 198; invasion of, by Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 664; hostility in, toward Jay's treaty, iii. 354.

South-Carolinians, inactivity of, at Great Meadows, i. 118, 119.

Southern tour of Washington in 1791, iii. 178; equipage and attendants of Washington during, iii. 179; plan of (note)--honors paid to Washington during, iii. 180.

Spain, king of, asses sent to Washington by, iii. 51; unpleasant relations with, threatened in 1789, iii. 115; relations of the United States with, iii. 157, 274.

Spencer, Joseph, appointed brigadier-general in the continental army, i. 548; offence taken by, at the promotion of General Putnam, i. 593; sent to New York with a brigade, ii. 82.

Stable of Washington before the Revolution, i. 307.

Stafford county, Virginia, removal of the Washington family to, in 1735, i. 24.

Stamp-act, submitted to the house of commons by George Grenville--the proposal of, how received in the colonies, i. 323: opposition of William Pitt to, in the house of commons, i. 324; signed March 22, 1765--letter of Franklin to Charles Thomson in relation to--provisions of (note), i. 325; signed by the king in the incipient stages of insanity, i. 326; excitement in the colonies on the news of its becoming a law--resolutions offered in the Virginia assembly in relation to, i. 327; letter of Washington to Francis Dandridge in London, in relation to, i. 329; popular action in opposition to, i. 332, 333; Franklin examined before a committee of Parliament in relation to, i. 334; repeal of, i. 335; Pitt's commendation of the colonists for resisting--declaration of Charles James Fox in relation to the (note), i. 339.

Stamp-officers, refusal of the people of Boston to compensate, for their losses, i. 341.

Stanhope, Earl, letter of Lord Chatham to, relative to American affairs, i. 488.

Stanwix, Colonel, Washington placed under the orders of, while at Winchester, in 1757, i. 241; letter of Washington to, advocating offensive measures against the French on the frontiers, i. 245; letter of Washington to, requesting a favorable mention to General Forbes, i. 256; assistance lent by, to Colonel Bradstreet, at the siege of Fort Frontenac, i. 267; his share in the campaign of 1759, i. 290.

Stark, John, with Abercrombie at Ticonderoga, i. 262; body of volunteers assembled by, i. 513; at Breed's hill, i. 562; victory at Bennington obtained by militia under the command of, ii. 487; commission of brigadier given to, by Congress, ii. 489.

State debts, assumption of, recommended by Hamilton, iii. 141; amount of the several (note), iii. 144.

Staten Island, troops landed at, from the British fleet, in 1776, ii. 179, 181, 217; large number of troops at, under the command of General Howe, ii. 240; unsuccessful descent upon, by Lord Stirling, ii. 667.

Stature of Washington (note), i. 306, iii. 591, 593, 595, 597.

Stephen, Adam, with Washington at Great Meadows, i. 114; with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152; commissioned major-general in the continental army, ii. 403; biographical notice of (note), ii. 558.

Steuben, Baron von, arrival of, in the camp at Valley Forge, ii. 599; office of inspector-general accepted by--unacquainted with the English language, ii. 601; American regulars never beaten after having been drilled by, ii. 602.

Stevens, Colonel, Norfolk, Virginia, destroyed by republicans under, ii. 109.

Stillwater, battle of, ii. 524.

Stirling, Lord, command in New York devolved upon--biographical notice of (note)--British store-ship taken by (note), ii. 135; measures of, for the defence of New York, ii. 136; Highland fortifications visited and inspected by, ii. 170; skirmish of, with General Grant, near Gowanus bay, ii. 271; made prisoner by De Heister at the battle of Long Island, ii. 275; appointed major-general in the continental army, ii. 403; agency of, in exposing Conway's Cabal, ii. 581.

Stobo, Captain Robert, engineer at Fort Necessity, i. 119; detained a prisoner by the French at Quebec and Montreal, i. 132, 134; information sent by, from Fort Duquesne to the English camp, i. 133; letter of, afterward found by the French in Braddock's cabinet-- subsequent career of (note), i. 134.

Stock, United States and other, held by Washington at the time of his death, iii. 544.

Stoddart, Benjamin, appointed secretary of the navy in 1798, iii. 123.

Stono ferry, engagement at, ii. 652.

Stony brook, bridge at, made impassable by Major Kelly--forded by the troops of Cornwallis, ii. 390.

Stony Point, fort on, captured by the British, ii. 658; plan of Washington for the capture of--capture of, by Wayne, ii. 659; guns of, opened on Fort Lafayette and British shipping--dismantled and abandoned by the Americans--reoccupied by Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 660.

Strahan, Mr., an eminent London printer, remarkable letter of Franklin to (note), i. 605.

Strength of arm of Washington, iii. 593.

Stuart, Doctor David, letters of Washington to, iii. 70, 145, 161, 463.

Suffolk county, in Massachusetts, convention held in, i. 427; resolves of the convention of, laid before the continental Congress, i. 432.

Sulgrave, domain of, granted by Henry VIII. to Lawrence Washington, in 1538, i. 19.

Sullivan, John, appointed brigadier-general in the continental army, i. 548; biographical notice of, i. 549; ordered by Washington to seize certain tories in Portsmouth as hostages, i. 746; the successor of Thomas in command at the Sorel, ii. 148; sanguine letter of, from the Sorel, ii. 151; letter of Washington to Congress respecting, ii. 152; melancholy words of, in relation to affairs in Canada, ii. 163; retreat of, before Burgoyne, ii. 164, 166; demoralization of the troops under the command of, ii. 166; mortification of, at being superseded by Gates, ii. 168, 244; departure of, from Crown Point, on the arrival of Gates, ii. 251; placed in temporary command of the troops on Long Island--superseded by Putnam, ii. 264; made prisoner in the battle of Long Island, ii. 272; verbal message sent by, to Congress, by Lord Howe, ii. 289; warm reply of Washington to the complaints of, ii. 431; unsuccessful expedition of, against the British on Staten Island (note), ii. 495; mischief caused at the battle of the Brandywine by the sensitiveness of, ii. 506; expedition of, against the Indians on the Genesee river, ii. 656; letter of Washington to, in relation to reforms in the army, ii. 700; letter of Washington to, advocating executive departments, ii. 713.

Sullivan's Familiar Letters, personal appearance of Washington described in, iii. 601.

Sumter, General, movements of, in the South, ii. 682; total defeat of, by Tarleton, ii. 684; sent by Greene with light-troops into the neighborhood of Charleston, iii. 3.

Sunday, custom, in Virginia, of using it for political purposes (note), i. 400.

Sunday-laws of New England offensive to the Quakers, i. 455.

Surveying-expedition, Washington's first, journal of, still preserved--extracts from the journal of, i. 53; extracts from a letter of Washington written during, i. 55.

Surveyor, Washington's experience as, a preparation for his high destiny, i. 52, 56, 58.

Surveys of Washington, correctness of, i. 56.

Swede's ford, General Howe at, ii. 513.

Swords left by Washington to his nephews, iii. 540.

Table kept by Washington before the Revolution, iii. 585; abstemious habits of Washington at, iii. 586; Washington's at Philadelphia, iii. 589.

Taft, Mr., letter of Washington to, from Hartford, in 1789 (note), iii. 133.

Talleyrand, M. de, insulting propositions of, to the American envoys in Paris, iii. 501; attempts of, to procure a douceur from the American envoys, iii. 502, 504; interview of, with the American envoys, iii. 503; declaration of war against the United States threatened by, iii. 504; indirect efforts of, toward bringing about a reconciliation with the United States, iii. 527; copy of a letter of, transmitted by William Vans Murray to the government at Washington--letter of Washington respecting the "fast and loose game" of, iii. 528.

Tallmadge, Major, Fort George, at Coram, surprised by, ii. 701.

Tanacharisson, remonstrance of, with Duquesne, against the aggressions of the French--interview of, with Franklin, in Pennsylvania, i. 73; belt of wampum presented to, at Great Meadows, i. 114; desertion of, on the approach of the French--subsequent history of (note), i. 120.

Tarleton, Colonel, massacre by, of a body of troops under Colonel Buford, ii. 676; defeated by Morgan at the Cowpens, ii. 714; total defeat of General Sumter by, ii. 682.

Tarrytown, arrest of Major André at, ii. 690.

"Taxation no Tyranny," by Doctor Johnson, remarkable passage struck out of (note), ii. 113.

"Taxation without representation tyranny," i. 323.

Tea, universally proscribed in the colonies in 1770, i. 369; thrown overboard in Boston harbor, i. 388.

Tenbroeck, General, opportune arrival of, at the second battle near Bemis's Heights, ii. 532.

Ternant, M., successor of Count de Moustier, as French minister to the United States, iii. 223; arrival of, at Newport, ii. 679.

Thacher, Doctor, personal appearance of Washington described by, i. 585; testimony of, as to the skill of the southern riflemen, i. 618.

Thanksgiving, day of, recommended by Washington in 1789, iii. 124.

Theatre, first visit of Washington to, made in Barbados, i. 63.

Thomas, John, appointed brigadier-general in the continental army, i. 548; Dorchester Heights taken possession of by, ii. 64; appointed to command the army in Canada, ii. 97; weakness of the Americans before Quebec on his arrival in camp--council of war called by, decide upon a retreat toward Montreal, ii. 101; death of, of small-pox, at Chamblée, ii. 147.

Thompson, Colonel, Sir Henry Clinton held in check by, at Fort Sullivan, in Charleston harbor, ii. 189; Sir Henry Clinton driven back by the riflemen of, ii. 192, 195.

Thompson, Colonel William, the British driven to their boats by, from Lechmere's Point, i. 761; commissioned a brigadier-general, ii. 96; chief command in New York assumed by, ii. 137; troops sent toward Canada under, ii. 143; defeated and made prisoner in Canada, ii. 163.

Thomson, Charles, chosen secretary of the continental Congress--biographical notice of (note), i. 421; opinion of, as to the superiority of the first Congress (note), i. 423; chosen secretary of the second continental Congress, i. 528: letter borne to Washington by, informing him of his election to the presidency, iii. 84.

Three Rivers, disastrous expedition of General Thompson against Maclean at, ii. 162.

Throck's Neck, troops of Lord Howe landed at--transfer of troops from, to Pell's Neck, ii. 311.

Ticonderoga, fort at, erected by the French in 1756, i. 235; attack upon, under Abercrombie and Lord Howe, i. 263; admirable conduct of the troops at the siege of--inactivity and indifference of Johnson's Indians at, i. 265; effect upon Pitt of the news of the disaster at, i. 266; taken possession of by Amherst in 1759, i. 292; expeditions undertaken against, by Colonels Allen and Arnold, i. 524; valuable stores taken at, by Allen, i. 526; resolution of Congress respecting the spoils taken at, i. 529; want of discipline among the troops at, under Colonel Hinman, i. 656; Generals Schuyler, Gates, and Arnold, present at--command of the army at, devolved upon Gates, ii. 254; preparation of a flotilla at, intrusted to General Arnold, ii. 255; apprehended attack upon, by General Carleton--Colonel Wayne in command of, ii. 416: General Heath ordered by Washington to go to, with Massachusetts regiments, ii. 417: invested by the British under Burgoyne, ii. 463; garrison of--the British cannon on Mount Defiance, ii. 464; abandoned by St. Clair, ii. 465; letters of Washington to Schuyler, in relation to the evacuation of, ii. 468, 469, 479.

Tilghman, Colonel, news of the surrender at Yorktown borne to Philadelphia by, ii. 737.

Titles, presidential, discussions in Congress respecting, iii. 103: Washington averse to, iii. 105.

Toilet of Washington, iii. 587.

Toleration, religious, of Washington and John Adams (note), i. 451.

Tooke, John Horne, a prominent member of the Constitutional Society of England (note), i. 737.

Tories, treatment of, recommended by Washington, i. 747; action of Congress with regard to, ii. 92; conditional pardon offered to, by Congress, ii. 609: embarkation of, for Nova Scotia, in 1783, iii. 22.

Town-Destroyer, a name given to Washington by the Seneca Indians, ii. 657.

Townshend, taxation of the colonies announced by, i. 315.

Tracy, of Connecticut, reply of, to the speech of Albert Gallatin, on Jay's treaty, iii. 404.

Trent, Captain, mission of, to the Ohio, in 1754, i. 94; timidity of, i. 97.

Trenton, arrival of Washington at, with his fugitive army, ii. 351; officers' watches set by Washington's before the attack upon, ii. 371; complete surprise of Colonel Ralle and the Hessians in--narrow escape of Washington at (note), ii. 373; rapid retreat of Washington from, ii. 375; conduct of the troops at, commanded by Washington, ii. 376; important influence of the victory at, ii. 378; despatch of Washington to Congress, in relation to the affair at, ii. 379; Washington joined by Cadwalader and Mifflin at, ii. 388; Washington attacked by Cornwallis at, ii. 384; left at night by Washington, ii. 385; reception of Washington at, in 1789, iii. 87.

Trumbull, Governor Jonathan, of Connecticut, kind words of, to Washington--biographical notice of--correspondence of, with Washington, in 1775--extract from the Travels of De Chastellux in relation to (note), i. 598; Connecticut levies detained by, for coast-defence, ordered to camp by Washington, i. 729; mortification of, at the conduct of the Connecticut troops in the continental army, i. 760; letter of, expressive of sympathy with General Gates, ii. 250; tories sent to the care of, by Washington, ii. 261; letter of Washington to, acknowledging the finger of Providence, iii. 79; chosen speaker of the house of representatives, in 1791, iii. 192.

Trumbull, John, lines from a poem written by, i. 502; in the family of Washington at Cambridge, i. 616; eminence opposite Ticonderoga fortified on the recommendation of, ii. 254; secretary of John Jay on his mission to England in 1794, iii. 300.

Trumbull, Joseph, appointed commissary-general of the continental army, i. 591; his resignation of the office of commissary-general, ii. 404.

Tryon county, New York, savages and tories in, in 1775, i. 655.

Tryon, Governor, arrival of, in New York, on the same day as Washington, i. 577; unscrupulous character of, i. 580; machinations of, in New York, ii. 31; refuge taken by, on board the sloop-of-war Halifax, ii. 130; proclamation issued by, from on board the Duchess of Gordon, ii. 137; schemes of New-York tories under the direction of, ii. 172, 173; expedition undertaken by, to destroy stores at Danbury, ii. 433; retreat of, from Danbury, harassed by Wooster, Arnold, and others, ii. 436; escape of, aided by Sir William Erskine, ii. 437; indignation aroused by the atrocities of, ii. 438; copies of Lord North's bills sent by, to Washington--resolutions of Congress relating to--tories sent to, by Washington, ii. 609; ravages of, in Connecticut, in conjunction with Collier--biographical notice of (note), ii. 654.

Tucker, Dean, proposal of, that Parliament should separate the colonies from the empire--biographical notice of (note), i. 487.

Tuckerman, Henry T., extract from the writings of, in relation to Washington's trials at Cambridge, i. 754.

Tupper, Major, lighthouse in Boston harbor destroyed by, i. 639; row-galleys under the command of, sent up the Hudson to annoy the Rose and Phoenix, ii. 238.

Turtle bay, British stores seized at, by Sears, ii. 128.

Twigtwees, described by Mr. Gist (note), i. 110.

Union flag, when unfurled, ii. 1.

Union of the colonies, Franklin's plan of, i. 127.

University, national, anxiety of Washington for the establishment of, iii. 48, 331, 332, 333, 455, 537.

Valedictory address, Washington's, iii. 202, 473, 476.

Valley Forge, chosen by Washington as a place for winter-quarters, ii. 569; sufferings of the patriot army on its march to, ii. 570; huts constructed at, by the army, ii. 570, 571; forcible means used by Washington to obtain supplies for the army at (note), ii. 570, 598; extreme hardships endured by the patriot army at, ii. 571; committee of arrangements appointed by Congress to visit Washington at, ii. 595; Mrs. Washington and other ladies at--Washington's headquarters at, at the house of Isaac Potts--name of, derived from the foundry and forge of Isaac Potts (note), ii. 602; desertions from the camp at, ii. 604; arrival at, of the news of the treaty with France, ii. 611; oath of allegiance administered by Washington to the officers at, ii. 613; camp at, broken up on the departure of the British from Philadelphia, ii. 618.

Van Braam, Jacob, Washington's fencing-master, i. 46, 62; with Washington on his expedition to the Ohio in 1753, i. 76, 88; with Washington at Great Meadows, i. 114; alleged treachery of, i. 122, 124; detained a prisoner by the French, i. 132, 134; subsequent adventures of, i. 134.

Vaudreuil, Marquis de, successor of Duquesne--characteristic anecdote of (note), i. 177; capitulation of, at Montreal, i. 301.

Vault, family, of Washington, wish of Washington to have it rebuilt, iii. 542; new family, spot indicated for, by Washington, a few days before his death, iii. 550.

Vealtown, troops of General Lee at, ii. 357.

Vernon, Admiral, notice of, i. 26.

Verplanck's Point, fort on, captured by the British, ii. 658; junction of the French and American troops at, iii. 11.

Veto-power, first exercise of it by Washington, iii. 198.

Vose, Major, lighthouse destroyed by, on Nantasket Point, i. 618.

Virginia, condition of, in the time of Charles II., i. 20; Washington in charge of one of the military districts of, in 1751, i. 61; Washington appointed, in 1755, commander of all the forces of, i. 188; difficulty of raising troops in, to protect the frontier, after Braddock's defeat, i. 191; Governor Dinwiddie's estimate of the population of (note), i. 222; defenceless condition of the frontiers of, i. 225, 244; substantial character of breakfast in, before the Revolution (note), i. 306; indignation of the people of, at the right claimed by Parliament to tax the colonies, i. 368; early efforts made in, to cast off the burden of negro slavery--instructions of the king to the governor of, in relation to the slave-trade, i. 379; address of the assembly of, to the king, on the slave-trade, i. 380; successive prorogations of the house of burgesses of, by Lord Dunmore, i. 381; short but memorable session of the house of burgesses of, in 1773, i. 382; intercolonial committees of correspondence originated in, i. 382, 383; dissolutions of the house of burgesses of, by Lord Dunmore, i. 384, 392; warlike spirit pervading, in 1775, i. 470; troops of, reviewed by Washington in the winter of 1774-'75, i. 471; effect in, of the news of the battle of Lexington--powder of the province of, seized by Lord Dunmore, i. 517; royal power ended in, i. 520; invasion of, by Cornwallis, ii. 720; legislature of, in 1794, adverse to British creditors recovering their just debts, iii. 301; disunion threatened in, in case Jay's treaty should be ratified, iii. 355; property owned in, by Washington, at the time of his death, iii. 542.

Virginia convention proposed, to consider a proposition for a continental Congress, i. 395; resolutions adopted at, i. 401-405; eloquent speech of Washington at--delegates to the general Congress appointed at, i. 407.

Virginia convention, the second, held at Richmond in 1775, i. 476; resolutions offered at, by Patrick Henry, i. 477; eloquent speech of Patrick Henry at, i. 479, 481; delegates to the second continental Congress elected at, i. 482.

Virginia Gazette, slanders of Washington in, in 1756, i. 211.

Virginia house of burgesses, Washington a candidate for, in 1758, i. 275; cost of Washington's election to, i. 276; Washington for fifteen years a member of, i. 308; distinguished members of, in 1769, i. 353; sympathy of, with Massachusetts--resolutions adopted by, in opposition to those of Parliament--dissolved by Lord Botetourt, i. 354.

Virginia planters, life of, before the Revolution, i. 305.

Virginia troops, letters of Washington in relation to the command of, i. 188; commission as commander of, resigned by Washington--flattering address to Washington by the officers of, i. 286.

Visitors, Washington annoyed by, at Mount Vernon, iii. 483; how received by Washington when president, iii. 603.

Waldeck, prince of, mercenaries furnished by, ii. 6.

Wallace, Captain, legalized piracy of--Newport threatened by, ii. 16; sent in the Rose up the Hudson river, ii. 218.

Walpole, Horace, on young Washington's love of the "whistling of bullets" (note), i. 105.

Wanton, Governor, blunt answer of, to Sir James Wallace, i. 484.

War-dance, Indian, witnessed by Washington and Fairfax, at Colonel Cresap's, in 1748, i. 54; in the camp of Braddock at Will's creek, i. 151.

War, directions as to the mode of declaring, given by Dinwiddie to Washington (note), i. 228.

Ward, Ensign, capitulation of, to Contrecoeur, in 1754, i. 98.

Ward, General Artemas, in command of troops in the neighborhood of Boston after the battle of Lexington, i. 513; inefficiency of, i. 532; appointed first major-general under Washington, i. 545.

Warren, Doctor Joseph, stay of, in Boston, to watch the British army and the tories, i. 503; warning sent by, to Adams and Hancock, at Lexington, i. 504; narrow escape of, at Cambridge, i. 509; letter of, to General Gage, in relation to his want of good faith, i. 514; a volunteer at Breed's hill, i. 562; death of, at the close of the battle of Breed's hill, i. 569; lament of the wife of John Adams for--Everett on the death of--biographical notice of, i. 571; remains of, buried by the British, with proper honors--subsequent disposition of the remains of, i. 572.

Warren, James, appointed major-general of Massachusetts militia, ii. 60; letter of Washington to, in relation to the Articles of Confederation, iii. 54.

Warren, Mrs. Mercy, remarks of, on the personal appearance of Washington and General Lee, i. 586.

Washington, Augustine, brother of George, the family homestead at Pope's creek bequeathed to, by his father, i. 28; marriage of, with Anne Aylett--George an inmate in the family of, when at the school of Mr. Williams, i. 35; letter of George to, in 1755, in relation to his ill-requited service of the state, i. 186; independent Virginia company trained by, i. 482.

Washington, Augustine, father of George, character of, i. 24, 28; death of, in 1743, i. 28.

Washington, Bushrod, papers and property bequeathed to, by Washington, iii. 539, 540.

Washington, Captain William, division of General Greene led by, at Trenton, ii. 373.

Washington, Charles, Franklin's gold-headed cane bequeathed to, by Washington, iii. 539.

Washington city, lots owned by Washington in at the time of his death, iii. 543.

Washington family in Virginia, early history of, i. 22.

Washington, George, birthplace of, i. 17, 23; lineage of, i. 18; early education of, i. 24; maxims of, in youth, i. 37; marriage of, i. 287; stature of (note), i. 306, iii. 591, 597; dress of, i. 306, iii. 589, 600, 603; style of living of, before the Revolution, i. 307; devotion of, i. 337, iii. 112, 602; table of, i. 616, iii. 585-589; will of, iii. 535; estate of, iii. 541; death of, iii. 556; funeral of, iii. 558; fondness of, for field-sports, iii. 584; toilet of, iii. 587; strength of arm of--weight of, iii. 593; frame of, iii. 594; great size of hands of, iii. 595; awe inspired by the presence of, iii. 597, 598.

Washington, George A., death of, in 1793--affection of Washington for (note)--kindness of Washington to the widow of (note), iii. 235; carriage presented to, by Washington (note), iii. 236.

Washington, George Fayette, property bequeathed to, by Washington, iii. 540.

Washington, John and Lawrence, emigrate to Virginia in 1657, i. 20.

Washington, Joseph, the "Defensio pro Populo" of Milton translated by--a friend of the "Commonwealth," and author of several works--damage done by, to the cause of the Stuarts, i. 20.

Washington, Lawrence Augustine, property bequeathed to, by Washington, iii. 540.

Washington, Lawrence, brother of George, educated in England, i. 24, 25; in the British attack upon Carthagena in 1741, i. 26; marriage of, to Miss Fairfax, i. 35; affection of, for his brother George, i. 25, 43; a member of the Virginia house of burgesses, i. 61; attacked by consumption--visit of, to Barbados, in company with his brother George, in 1751, i. 62; death of, at Mount Vernon, in 1752, i. 64.

Washington, Lawrence, mayor of Northampton in the reign of Henry VIII., i. 19.

Washington, Lund, the general's agent at Mount Vernon--letter of Washington to, in relation to remuneration of his services, i. 765; instructions of Washington to, in relation to charity and frugality, i. 766.

Washington, Mrs., sickness of the daughter of, i. 375; death of the daughter of, in 1773, i. 378; letter of Washington to, respecting his election as commander-in-chief--letters of Washington to, destroyed by (note), i. 539; invited by her husband to join him at Cambridge, i. 765; mode of travelling of, i. 766; ball proposed in honor of, i. 767; arrival of, in the camp at Cambridge, i. 768; inoculated for the small-pox, in Philadelphia (note), ii. 157; considerate conduct of Washington toward, iii. 52; honors paid to, on her way to New York in 1789, iii. 110; first levee of, iii. 111; levees of, in Philadelphia, iii. 170; property left to, by Washington, iii. 535; resignation of, at the death of her husband, iii. 556; letter of, to President Adams, in relation to proposed national funeral honors to her husband, iii. 565.

Washington, Samuel, provisions of the will of Washington respecting the heirs of, iii. 538.

Washington, Sir Henry, colonel under Prince Rupert in 1643, i. 19; defender of Worcester against Cromwell's general, Fairfax, in 1646, i. 20.

Washington, Sir Lawrence and Anne, monument of, in the parish church of Garsdon, i. 19.

Washington, Sir William, brother-in-law of Villiers, duke of Buckingham, i. 19.

Washington, William Augustine, property left to, by Washington, iii. 538.

Washington, William, invitation of, at Charlestown, declined by Washington, iii. 180.

Waterbury, General, gallantry of, in a naval engagement on Lake Champlain, ii. 334.

Watertown, address of James Warren to Washington, on his arrival at, in 1775, i. 583.

Waxhaw, body of republicans surprised and massacred by Tarleton on the banks of the, ii. 676.

Wayne, General Anthony, shabby regimentals of, at Middlebrook, ii. 458; sent by Washington to annoy the rear of Howe's army--night-attack upon, by the British under General Grey, ii. 514; court-martial demanded by, ii. 515; attack led by, at the battle of Germantown, ii. 553; exploits of, in New Jersey, ii. 598; capture of Stony Point by, ii. 659; efforts of, to quell the mutiny of the Pennsylvania troops--picture drawn by, of the sufferings of the army at Morristown (note), ii. 707; Cornwallis attacked by, at Old Jamestown, ii. 721; Savannah taken possession of by, iii. 11; appointed commander-in-chief of the army in the Northwest, iii. 197; operations of, against the northwestern Indians, iii. 328; results of his treaty with the Indians in the Northwest, iii. 378.

Weathersfield, conference of Washington with Rochambeau at, ii. 722.

Webb, General, cowardly conduct of, at Fort Edward, i. 250.

Weight of Washington, iii. 593.

Wessington, John de, prior of a convent in 1426, i. 19.

West Indies, American vessels excluded from, iii. 100; depredations on American vessels in, committed by French cruisers, iii. 466; complaints of the conduct of Commodore Barney in, iii. 467.

West Point, fortifications at, commenced by Bernard Romans, ii. 127; headquarters of Washington at--letter of Washington to Doctor Cochran, showing the style of living at (note), ii. 660; information given to the British by Arnold, respecting, ii. 698; the military academy at, suggested by Washington, iii. 456.

Wheatley, Phillis, a slave, biographical notice of, ii. 54; her correspondence with Washington, ii. 55, 56; poem written by, addressed to Washington, ii. 57.

Whipple, Captain, the schooner Gaspé taken and burned by a party under--threat of Sir James Wallace to hang, i. 381; vessels placed under the command of, by the assembly of Rhode Island, i. 739.

"Whiskey Insurrection," language of Washington in relation to the, iii. 305; history of the, iii. 307-320; sympathy of Jefferson with those engaged in the, iii. 327.

White, Bishop, present at the opening of the continental Congress, i. 423; present at Washington's farewell dinner, iii. 471.

Whitemarsh, encampment of Washington near, ii. 559; efforts of Howe to draw the Americans out of their position at, ii. 568; retreat of Howe from, to Philadelphia--Washington blamed by his enemies in Congress for not fighting at, ii. 569.

White, Philip, a "pine robber," killed by the Jersey people, iii. 13.

White Plains, adjournment of the provincial congress of New York to (note), ii. 127; headquarters of Washington in the neighborhood of, ii. 314; account of the battle at, ii. 316-319; losses sustained by the British and Americans at the battle of, ii. 319; sufferings of the American army after the battle of, ii. 321; disgraceful conduct of some of Washington's troops at (note), ii. 323.

Wilkes, John, conspicuous part taken by, in favor of the Americans, i. 494; lord-mayor of London, address of, to the king, on American affairs--biographical notice of (note), i. 604; his contemptuous treatment of a royal proclamation, i. 611; speech of, in Parliament, in relation to the British flight from Boston, ii. 86.

Wilkinson, Captain James, sent by Arnold to the relief of the Cedars (note), ii. 161; interview of, with General Lee, at the moment of his capture, ii. 358; connection of, with Conway's Cabal, ii. 579.

William and Mary College, chancellorship of, accepted by Washington, iii. 48.

Williams, Colonel Ephraim, surprised by Dieskau, while marching to the relief of Fort Edward--biographical notice of (note), i. 181.

Williams, Otho Holland, with the southern riflemen at the camp at Cambridge, i. 619; appointed brigadier under Wayne, in 1791, iii. 197.

Williams, second schoolmaster of Washington, i. 35, 45.

Williamsburg, convention at, proposed, to consider a proposition for a continental Congress, i. 395; resolutions adopted at the convention held at, in 1774, i. 401-405; convention at, in 1774--eloquent speech of Washington at--delegates to the general Congress appointed at, i. 407; preparations made at, by the allies, for the siege of Yorktown, ii. 731.

Will of Washington, true copy of (note), iii. 535.

Will's creek, retreat of Washington to, from Great Meadows, in 1754, i. 124; Indian war-dance at, in Braddock's camp, i. 151; fatal delay of Braddock at, i. 156.

Wilmington, headquarters of Washington at, ii. 497; visit of Washington to, on his southern tour, in 1791, iii. 181.

Wilson, James, appointed associate judge of the supreme court in 1789, iii. 122.

Winchester, headquarters of Washington at, in 1755, i. 189; Fort Loudoun erected by Washington at, i. 214; irksomeness of Washington's duties at, i. 240; property owned by Washington in the town of, iii. 543.

Winter hill, Lee's division stationed at, at the siege of Boston, i. 619.

Woedtke, Baron de, commissioners to Canada accompanied by, ii. 145; intemperate habits of--biographical notice of (note), ii. 165.

Wolcott, Oliver, letter of, to his wife, in relation to the frugal habits of Washington, iii. 170; letter of, in relation to Washington's declining the presidency for a third term, iii. 450; letter of Washington to, after his retirement to private life, iii. 481.

Wolfe, Brigadier-General James, at the taking of Louisburg in 1758, i. 260; reliance of the English people upon, in the expedition against Quebec--character of, as described by Walpole (note)--names of men, afterward distinguished, in the expedition of, against Quebec, i. 293; Monckton sent by, to occupy Point Levi, i. 294; unsuccessful attempt of, to storm Montcalm's intrenchments, i. 295; on a sick-bed concerts with Saunders, a plan for scaling the Heights of Abraham--news of the repulse and subsequent success of, received by Pitt on the same day (note)--presentiment of death upon the mind of, i. 297; impromptu stanzas composed by, on the eve of the attack--Gray's Elegy quoted by, on his way to the Heights of Abraham, i. 298; last words and death of, i. 299; and Montcalm, joint monument erected to the memory of--biographical notice of (note), i. 300.

Woodhull, General, commissioned to drive the live stock to Hempstead, ii. 266; made a prisoner and brutally treated by Sir James Baird (note), ii. 277.

Woodhull, Reverend Doctor John, reference to manuscript letters of (note)--anecdote respecting (note), ii. 281.

Wooster, David, appointed brigadier-general in the continental army--brief biographical notice of, i. 548; invited to the neighborhood of New York by the provincial congress (note), i. 582; directed by Washington to join General Schuyler at Lake Champlain--apprehensions of Washington respecting, i. 710; patriotic letter of, to Schuyler--refusal of the officers and men under, to sign the articles of war (note), i. 711; fear or jealousy of, with regard to Arnold, ii. 100; testimony of Congressional commissioners as to his unfitness for command (note), ii. 147; death of, at Danbury, ii. 436; resolution of Congress to erect a monument to the memory of--biographical notice of (note), ii. 437.

Writs of assistance issued in 1761--universal opposition to--speech of James Otis on the subject of, i. 317.

Wyoming massacre, ii. 641.

Year of trial, Washington's, ii. 594.

Yellow fever in Philadelphia, in 1793, iii. 280; in the autumn of 1798, iii. 525.

York, Congress adjourned to, ii. 514.

Yorke, Sir Joseph, his estimate of General Lee, ii. 358.

Yorktown, perilous position of Cornwallis at, ii. 730; invested by the allies--position of the allies at, ii. 732; desperate effort of Cornwallis to escape from, ii. 733; patriotism displayed by Governor Nelson at--surrender of Cornwallis at, ii. 734; articles of capitulation at (note)--imposing scene of the surrender at, ii. 735; loss sustained by the British at (note), ii. 737; measures of Congress on receiving news of the surrender at, ii. 738; importance of the surrender at--effect in England of the surrender at, ii. 739.

Youghiogany, attempt of Washington to descend, in 1754, i. 103; Washington left at, sick, by order of General Braddock, i. 159.

Young, Arthur, seeds and implements sent to Washington by, iii. 51.

THE END.