Chapter Twelve.

More Suggestions and What to Read.

(1) Invite your pastor to preach against war, urge him to do so, and render him any assistance you can in the way of literature on war. Help get out an audience to hear the sermon. Urge others to do likewise.

(2) Inform your own children and other children concerning the class struggle and war, and urge them to talk about the class struggle and against war, at school. Teach them the cause of war. See also Chapter Eight, Section 20, and Index, “Recitations.” Rouse the children.

(3) Wherever possible—in colleges, high schools, labor unions, fraternal organizations, women’s clubs, churches, Sunday schools, at picnics, and so forth—have debates, declamations and essays on war. Help the debaters, writers and speakers, find literature on war, and, if possible, get the subject presented from a working-class point of view, showing especially the fundamental cause of war and what war always means for the working class. (See page 350, last two lines.)

(4) Have as many persons as possible call at your public library for books on war, and suggest books on war to be called for. Suggest books for purchase by your public library management. If the books you urge for the library are not purchased, discuss the reason. All the sociological works quoted in Chapter Eleven should be in your public library.

(5) Get articles and letters on war into your local newspapers and labor union journals.

(6) On the 30th of May, the 4th of July and other “great” days, when the blood-steaming praise of human butchery is poured forth by the noisy “patriotic” orators, pass around all possible literature helpful in counteracting the befouling suggestions commonly thrust into the minds of the people at such times. Chapter Two and other selections from War—What For? making an inexpensive sixteen-page booklet, may be had, printed separately, for such purpose.

It is possible to compel an entire community to think about the vast outrages against the working class. As long as the workers have the privilege of spreading the printed page, one of their highest pleasures and powers will be found in forcing society to consider the case of the working class. The first thing on the program in every community is to take the community by the shoulders, so to speak, and compel it to consider the most vital subject of the hour.

(7) A Ten-Dollar Cash Prize for the best essay or debate, or declamation on war as a phase of the class struggle by local school-children under eighteen years of age would create much interest in the vicious slaughter of men of the working class and in the new working class politics, if the proper literature were brought to the young people’s attention. See Chapter Eight, Section 20, Suggestion (7).

(8) It would be easy to make here a pretentious parade of a discouragingly long list of books on war. But War—What For? is primarily for the class of readers who are usually too busy in the present warlike struggle for existence to find time to read a roomful of books on war. However, it is hoped that the present volume may also have readers with opportunity to make extensive studies of the subject. Such readers will find abundant bibliographies already prepared. Excellent book lists for the student of war are as follows:

(a) The Political Science Quarterly, December, 1900: over 200 titles, at the close of an elaborate article of great worth, “War and Economics in History and in Theory,” by Edward Van Dyke Robinson.

(b) A pamphlet, International Peace, a list of Books with References to Periodicals: 600 titles with comment on contents, published by the Brooklyn Public Library, 1908.

(c) A well selected list of readings in The Arena, December, 1894.

Following is a list of pamphlets, magazine articles and books, directly or indirectly on the subject of social conflict, of which war is a phase. The list is short, tho’ sufficient, it is hoped, to make a helpful beginning, a short reading course, for any one who would understand the subject of social conflicts, that is, would understand, not the science of war, but the cause, the meaning and results of class struggles and war.

There is a vast amount of worthless, or worse than worthless, literature on war: worthless because of the writers’ neglect of the heart of the problem, namely, the industrial structure of all class-labor forms of society, with their unsocial purpose and method of production, resulting in the class struggle.

Whoever would understand war must give special attention: (1) to the economic interpretation of history; (2) to the class struggle, considered historically and currently; and (3) to surplus value, produced by the workers, but legally escaping from their control to the capitalist class—as a result of the institution of private ownership and private control of the collectively used means of production. The fact, the method, the purpose, and the result of the legal confiscation of that part of the world’s wealth which the workers produce and are not permitted to enjoy—must have careful study. In the light of such studies, national and international policies, politics and war can be understood. And as war is thus understood we can make rapid headway against war. Pretty little speeches and essays on the beauties of peace, with “please-be-good” perorations,—such efforts, however carefully prepared, tearfully punctuated, elegantly printed and prayerfully delivered, will result in—nothing. That is to say, occasional literary and oratorical snowballs ignorantly, gracefully and grammatically tossed in the direction of hell will have no effect on the general temperature of that warlike region. (See Index: “Another War,” “The Hague Peace Conference,” and “The Explanation.”)

A Reading Course.

In the following list of readings those indicated by parenthesis thus () would serve as a shorter course.

(1) Kautsky: The Capitalist Class; The Working Class; The Class Struggle; Ethics and the Materialistic Conception of History; and The Road to Power, Chapters 8 and 9.

(2) Simons: The Man Under the Machine, and Class Struggles in America.

(3) Marx: Wage-Labor and Capital; Marx and Engels: The Communist Manifesto.

(4) Massart and Vandervelde: Parasitism—Social and Organic.

(5) Myers: History of Great American Fortunes, entire work is an account of social parasitism in America; special references: Vol. II., pp. 127–38, 291–301; Chapters 11 and 12; Vol. III., pp. 160–176.

(6) Veblen: The Theory of the Leisure Class.

(7) Ross: Social Control; The Foundations of Sociology, pp. 219–23, 272–76; Social Psychology, Chapters on Suggestibility, The Crowd, and Mob Mind.

(8) L. F. Ward: Dynamic Sociology, Vol. I., pp. 565–597; Psychic Factors in Civilization, Chapters 33 and 38; Applied Sociology, pp. 224–295, 300–302, 307–313, 319–326; Pure Sociology, pp. 266–72; “Social Classes in the Light of Modern Sociological Theory,” American Journal of Sociology, March, 1908; Education and Progress, Address delivered before the “Plebs” League, Oxford, England, August 2, 1909.

9 W. G. Sumner: Folkways, Chapter 6.

(10) Morgan: Ancient Society, pp. V.-VIII.; Pt. I. Chs. 1–3; and all of Pt. IV.

(11) J. O. Ward: Ancient Lowly, Chapter—“Spartacus.”

12 Shoaf: The Story of the Mollie McGuires.

13 Hanford: The Labor War in Colorado.

14 ——: “Secret Army Guards New York Against a Traffic Strike,” New York Herald, Mag. Section, March 20, 1910.

(15) Debs: Class Conflict in Colorado.

(16) Wright, U. S. Commissioner of Labor: A Government Report on the Great Strike in Colorado.

17 Darrow: Speech to the Jury in the Haywood Case.

(18) Untermann: The Dick Militia Law (U. S., 1903).

19 Commons: “Is Class Conflict in America Growing and Is It Inevitable?” * * * Carver: “The Basis of Social Conflict”; * * * Keasby: “Competition.” American Journal of Sociology, March, 1908. See also Papers and Proceedings of the American Sociological Society, Vol. II., Special Topic: “Social Conflicts.”

20 Small: General Sociology, Chapters 26 and 27.

(21) Shaler: “The Natural History of War,” International Quarterly, Sept., 1903; also The Neighbor.

22 Ridpath: “Plutocracy and War,” Arena, Jan., 1898.

(23) Jordan: “The Biology of War,” an Address, Chicago, 1909, reported in Unity, June 10, 1909; Imperial Democracy, Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 7; The Human Harvest; The Blood of the Nation.

24 Chatterton-Hill: Heredity and Selection in Sociology, pp. 316–24. Thompson: Heredity, pp. 532–34.

(25) Jefferson: “The Peace-at-any-Price Men,” The Independent, Feb. 4, 1909; “The Delusions of the Militarist,” Atlantic Monthly, March, 1909.

(26) Charles Edward Russell: Why I Am a Socialist.

27 Tolstoi: Bethink Yourselves; Patriotism and Christianity, and Thou Shalt Not Kill.

(28) Robinson: “War and Economics in History and in Theory,” Political Science Quarterly, Dec., 1900.

(29) Ghent: Mass and Class.

(30) London: The War of the Classes; Revolution, Chapter, “The Yellow Peril”; also, “Revolution,” Contemporary Review, Jan., 1908.

(31) W. T. Mills: The Struggle for Existence, Chapters 4–23.

(32) Hillquit: Socialism in Theory and Practice, pp. 36–65, 153–167, 296–302.

(33) Spargo: Socialism, Chapters 4, 5, 6, and Common Sense of Socialism, Chapters 2–7.

(34) Ferri: Socialism and Modern Science, Chapter 7.

35 Seligman: The Economic Interpretation of History.

36 Boudin: The Theoretical System of Karl Marx, Chapters 1–5, 8–10.

37 Patten: “The Economic Causes of Moral Progress,” Annals of Amer. Soc. Pol. and Soc. Sci., Sept., 1892.

(38) Engels: The Origin of the Family, Property and the State, special attention to Chapters 8, 9; and Socialism—Utopian and Scientific.

(39) Hobson: The Evolution of Modern Capitalism; Imperialism, special attention to first six chapters; The Psychology of Jingoism; The War in South Africa, Part II.; and John Ruskin—Social Reformer, Chapters 3–8 inclusive, and Appendix 1.

40 Ferrero: Militarism.

41 Liebknecht: Militarismus und Anti-Militarismus.

42 Büchner: Industrial Evolution (Wickett’s translation), Chapters 4–5.

(43) Robinson and Beard: The Development of Modern Europe, Vol. II., Chapters 18, 30–31.

(44) Weale: The Coming Struggle in Asia, special attention to Parts II. and III.

45 ——: “Peace on Earth,” Public Opinion, Dec. 4, 1908, p. 635.

46 Schierbrand: America, Asia and the Pacific.

47 Harrison: National and Social Problems, Part I., Chapters 1, 6–11.

(48) Strong: Expansion, Chapters 2, 3, 4.

49 Bolce: The New Internationalism, Chapters 1–6 inclusive, and 15.

50 Fisk: International Commercial Policies, Chapters 13–16.

51 Reinsch: World Politics.

52 Asakawa: The Russo-Japanese Conflict.

53 Kennan: “The Military and Political Memoirs of General Kuropatkin,” McClure’s Magazine, Sept. 1908.

54 Smith: The Spirit of American Government, Chapters 4, 11, 12.

55 McCabe and Darien: Can We Disarm?

56 Carver: Sociology and Social Progress, pp. 132–73.

57 Jaurès: “Socialism and International Arbitration,” North American Review, Aug. 1908.

58 Broda: “The Federation of the World,” The International, July, 1908.

(59) Hervé: “Anti-Militarism,” The International, July, 1908; Anti-Patriotism; My Country—Right or Wrong.

60 Edmondson: John Bull’s Army from Within.

61 Mead: Patriotism and the New Internationalism.

62 Kampffmeyer: Changes in the Theory and Tactics of the (German) Social Democracy (Gaylord’s Translation), Chapter 3.

(63) Sombart: Socialism and the Socialist Movement (Epstein’s Translation), Sixth Enlarged Edition, pp. 175–223.

(64) Stoddard: The New Socialism, Chapters 14, 15.

(65) Campbell: Christianity and the Social Order, pp. 176–230.

66 Warner: The Ethics of Force.

67 Wallace: The Wonderful Century, Chapters 19, 20.

68 (Anonymous:) Arbeiter in Council.

(69) Walsh: The Moral Damage of War.

70 McLaren: Put Up Thy Sword.

(71) Bloch: The Future of War.

72 Molinari: The Society of Tomorrow.

73 Brooks: The Social Unrest, Chapter 6.

(74) Kim: Mind and Hand, Chapters 2, 17, 21, 22, 24.

(75) Seidel: Industrial Instruction.

(76) Eastman: Work-Accidents and the Law; Oliver: Dangerous Trades.

77 Addams: The Newer Ideals of Peace.

78 Anitchkow: War and Labor.

79 Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order, Chapters 1, 3, 4, 7, 12.

80 Lloyd: Man the Social Creator, Chapters 1, 6, 11.

81 Kropotkin: Mutual Aid.

82 Bellamy: Equality, Chapters 22–27 and first half of 33.

83 Henry George: Progress and Poverty, Book 10, Chapter 3.

84 Amos: Political and Legal Remedies for War, Chapters 1, 2.

85 Charles Sumner: Addresses on War.

86 Fiske: The Destiny of Man.

87 Kelly: Government and Human Evolution, Vol. II.

(88) Barry: Siege of Port Arthur—A Monster Heroism.

(89) Sakurai: Human Bullets.

(90) Von Suttner: Lay Down Your Arms.

(91) Andreief: The Red Laugh.

(92) Zola: The Downfall.

(93) Wells: The War in the Air.

94 Channing: Lectures on War.

(95) Hugo: Les Misérables—the Battle of Waterloo; also William Shakespeare, Anderson’s translation, pp. 294–312, 341–48, 384–95.

96 Sienkiewicz: With Fire and Sword.

(97) Crosby: Captain Jinks—Hero, and Swords and Ploughshares.

98 Mr. Dooley: In Peace and War.

99 Kipling: Barrack-Room Ballads—“Tommy.”

100 Mrs. Browning: Mother and Poet.

The various “peace societies” have published considerable literature on war and peace—in most cases with good intentions, no doubt. However, there could be no peace between a chattel slave and a chattel slave’s master; nor can there be peace between a wage-slave and a wage-slave’s employer—if the wage-slave be awake; nor between the wage-slave class and the capitalist class. Until “peace societies” cry out against capitalism,—the heart of which is the wage-system,—until then their literature will be discouragingly ineffective.

Reread first page of Chapter Nine, paragraph beginning “The cash cost of militarism.”

The one war sublime is: Light against Darkness.

The printing press is the machine-gun for the slaves against slavery.

It is a high privilege to make a human brain ferment—with facts.

THE END.

INDEX.

Abuse of Soldiers, 191–199, 219–223

Advertisements for Soldiers, 108, 199–201, 293

Aggression and Robbery, Social, 273–337

Airships, Dirigible, 90

“All War, Civil War,” 264

“American Brigadier, The,” Church Militarism, 230 et seq.

American Civil War, 139

American Civil War, Cash Cost of, 55–58

American Revolutionists, Resistance by Force, 292

American Revolutionary War, Betrayal of Working-Class Soldiers in, 117–118

Anarchists, Capitalists as, 295–296, 303

Andreief, Leonid,—“The Red Laugh”, 18–19, 83

Another War, 30–43, 97, 154–158, 207, 217, 265, 284, 287, 289–290, 312–316, 333–334,

Antagonism in Present Social Structure, 273–337

Antagonism—Mutualism—in the Social Structure, 281 et seq.

Antagonism—Second Possible Plan of Social Organization, 282

Antagonism, Social, Basis of, 282

Anti-patriotism of George Washington, 217–218

Arbitration, 202–206, 308–309

Arbitration, “Nothing to Arbitrate,” 166–167

Aristocrats, Roman, Avoiding Infantry, 22

Armed Guard, Rapidly Increasing, Necessity of, New Danger, 42, 164–174

“Arm Everybody or Nobody,” 175

Arms, Defective, Provided Union Soldiers, 139

Arms, Modern, Improved, 77–97

Arms, Rapid Improvement of, 26

Arms, Right to Bear, 175

Army, Composed of Working-Class, General Army Staff Quoted, 10

“Army, the Poor Man’s University,” 176

Bankruptcy, 64–73

Barry, Richard, 82–83, 88

Battles in Industry Compared With Battle in War, 164

Bayonet, a Stinger, 12

Births Prevented by Life in Military Service, 48

Block, J., 49, 56, 75, 80, 85, 89, 109

Blood Cost of War, in General, 47–54; in Manchuria, 145

Blood Lust, Fostering of, in Children, 213 et seq.

Boer War, 32, 67, 93, 181 et seq.

Bond Leech, International, 146–148

“Boys in Blue,” The, 118 et seq.

“Boy Scout” Movement, The, 228–233

British Government, Its Betrayal of Soldiers in Napoleonic Wars and in the Boer War, 110–118

Brutality of Soldiers, 180 et seq.

Bryan, W. J., 21 In Cuban War, 178–179 Sons of, 157

Bullets, Dumdum, 204–205

Business and Government in Impending War, 156–157

“Business Is Business,” 244–272

Caesar’s Victories, 105

Capitalism, 30–46, 283 et seq.

Capitalism, Destruction of, 291 et seq.

Capitalism, Peace Impossible Under, 286–289

“Capital Produces Nothing,” 284–285

Canned Beef for Soldiers, 137–144

Cannibals, “Civilized,” 144–148

Carlyle, Thomas, on the “Brave Boys,” 189–190

Carnegie, Andrew, 289

Carnegie Steel Company, Patriotism of, 289

Cause of War, Chap. Three, Six, Ten, Eleven

Challenge to Hague Peace Society, 206 et seq.

Chattel Slave, Protection of, 97–99

Chattel Slavery, 282 et seq.

Children, 207–243, 338–339

Chinese Export Trade, 156–157

Christ, 21, 52, 144 et seq., 184, 226–278, 244, 259–260

Characterization of, 260–261

Christian Governments in the Rôle of Procurers, 220–223

“Christianized” War, 52

Church, The, and War, 244–272 Defense of Chattel Slavery, Serfdom and Capitalism, 256 et seq. Training Children for Strikes and War, 228–232

“Civil War, All War Is,” 264

Civil War, American, 54–58, 100–101, 118–124

Civil War—in Industry, 37–46, 168–174 Origin and Perpetuation of, 318–37 See also Chapter Ten

Classes—Industrial, 274 et seq.

Classes—Industrial, Property as Basis of, Professors Bluntschli and Fairbanks, 275–276

Classes, Social—What Creates, 286 See Civil War in Industry.

Class Interests—Clash of, 29–46, 273–337

Class War, Raging Around Unsocialized Industrial Property, 167 et seq. See Civil War in Industry.

Clergy and War, The, 228–234, 244–272

Clews, Henry, 121–124, 285

Commander-in-Chief, Insult From, 10

“Come On! or Go Ahead!”, 107

Commerce Develops into Militarism, 29–46, 137–158

Competition and War, 40 Laborers Relieved of, by War, 188

Conciliation, See Arbitration.

Conscription, in Caesar’s Time, 22, 77, 152 For Napoleon’s Armies, 104–05

Conservatives, Liberals, 173–174

Constabulary, The State, 148–153, 170–175

Corruption of Soldier Youths, Taft, Dickinson, Jordan, Col. Van Rensselaer, General Sherman and others, 219–227

Cossack, The American, See Constabulary.

Cost of War, in Blood 100 years following 1789, total, 50

Cost in Cash, of War, 54 et seq. In Manchuria, 145

Cost of War in Cash, 54–76

Credit Mobilier, 124–137

Crosby, Ernest, 237

“Cross, Cannon, and Cash Register,” 244–272

Cruelty of Soldiers, 180 et seq.

Cuban War, 32, 94, 137–144

Cyclone of Dynamite, etc., on Battlefield, 89–90

Debts, War, 47, 54–76

Decadence, Physical, 45–54, 92–106

Declamations for Children, 237 et seq.

Declaration of Independence, American, 302

Democracy, Increasing, 70, 167–168, 273–316, 335–337

Deserters, System for Catching, 7, 77, 153, 193, 199

Despotism, Foundation, and Historical Forms, of, 282 et seq. Also Chapter Eleven.

“Dick” Militia Law, The, 161, 170 et seq.

Disappointment of Young Soldiers, 194 et seq.

Disarmament, 206 et seq.

Disease in War, 48, 92–97, 220–223

“Dreadnoughts,” 60–65

Dumdum Bullets, 204–205

Economic Determinism—Applications and Illustrations of, Chapters Six, Nine, Ten, Eleven

Education and Militarism, 24–25, 59–76

$8,000,000,000, 69–74

Elkins Law, 295–296

Employer Class, Interest of, Josiah Strong, 100

Enlistment, 77–86, 97, 102–103, 107–109

Expansion of Capitalism, 34

Exemptions, Substitutes, 160–161, 228–230

“Explain!”, 293–294

Explosives, Modern, 77–92

Father and the Boys, 159 et seq.

Ferrero, G., on Roosevelt Type of Greatness, 180, 187 On War as a Promoter of Civilization, 185

“Fighting Parsons”, 244–273

Firing Line, the Industrial, 164

Fiske, John, on Evolution of Social Man, 183

Fittest, Survival of, in War, 47–54, 188–91

Force, Resistance By, 291–293

“Foreigners”, 257–264

Foundation of Democracy, 281 et seq.

Foundations of Society, Privately Owned, 39; See Chapter Ten

Foreign Markets, 30–46, 155–157, 254–255, 333–334

Four Great Events, 306 et seq.

Franchise, Right of, in America, 117–118

Franco-Prussian War, 26, 93, 160–163, 210

Freedom, Evolution of, 334–337 Foundation of, 273–316

“Freeing Cuba”, 137–144

French Wars of the Revolution, 49

Functions, Social—Organization Necessary for, 281

Future Wars, See “Another War.”

Garrison, William Lloyd, on Patriotism, 216

“Governments Destroy Nations”, 70

Government’s, the Federal, Sneer at the Poverty of the Working Class, 108–109

Government, Use of, in Defense of Interests, by Washington and Others, 217–219; Discussion and Suggestion of, Frequent.

Habit, Force of in Working Class, 326 et seq.

Hague Peace Conference, 201–205, 214, 289–290

Hale, Edward Everett, Rebukes Teachers of Blood Lust, 214

Harvard University, “Fashionable Cavalry”, 23

Hearst (Newspapers), 32

Hearst, Mr., Patriotic, 178

Hell, 77–106

Heroes, 180–184

History of Great American Fortunes, Gustavus Myers, 137, 139

Humanizing War, 203–204

Illinois Central Railway Company, Lands Secured by, 135–136

Impending War, See “Another War.”

Income-Tax and Patriotism, 107

Industrial Function—Society Always Organized Primarily with Reference to, 281 et seq.

Industrial Despotism, Historic Forms and Foundation of, 282 et seq.

Ingersoll, R. G., 180, 182, 225, 235, 237–238–241

Insanity Among Soldiers, 6–7, 88, 195

Institutions, Origin of, Illustrations, 317–337

International Citizens, 262–264

Japanese-Russian War, 99, 144

Jingoism, The Beginning of, 209–210

Jordan, President D. S., 104–105, 198

Kidnapping and Militarism, 227

Labor Market, See Labor-power.

Labor-power, Buying and Selling of, 29–47, 97–99, 106, 274–275, 333–337

Lad’s Brigade, The, 230 et seq.

“Land-Grant” Railroads, Land Gifts, etc., 124, 137

Law and Order, 6, 321–322

Liberals, Conservatives, 173–174

Limitation of Armaments, 69–70; See Hague Peace Society, The.

Lincoln, President, and the Wall Street Patriots, 118–137

Lockouts, Strikes, Statistics of, 168–169

“Love of Country”, 217–219

“Man on Horseback, The”, 148 et seq.

Marines, 108, 154–158, 221–222

Markets, See Foreign Markets, and Labor-power.

Medical Service, U. S. Government’s Criminal Neglect of, Utterly Inadequate, 94–95, 143–144

Meditations of a Workingman, 153 et seq.

Mexican War, 148

“Might Makes Right”, 21–28, 185–190

Militarism, 29–106; In Public Schools, Chapter Eight.

Militarism and Education, 59–76

Militarism and Kidnapping, 227

Militarism in Churches, 228–233

Military Tactics, Applied in Politics, 278–280

Militia and Army—Rich Men’s Sons in, 160, 176–177

Militiamen and Soldiers, 25, 40, 45, 46, 148, 151–152

Millionaires in Cuban War, 176–178

Ministers and War, 6, 20, 22, 24, 27, 28, 41, 44, 78, 244–272

Modern Machinery, Knowledge, Methods, Specially Import Result, 42

Moral Decline of Youth in Army, 180–187, 219–227

Morocco-affair, The, 309

Moskow Campaign, 104–105

Mother—and the Boys and Girls, 207–243

Mothers, Special Suggestions for, 236 et seq.

Murdering Machinery, Modern, 77–92

Mutualism—Antagonism in the Social Structure, 281 et seq.

“My Country is the World, My Countrymen All Mankind”, 216

Napoleon, 104–105, 110–115, 124, 200, 208–209, 237

Naturalness of Social Parasites’ Behavior, 286 et seq.

Naval Life, Unnaturalness of and Disastrous Moral Results, 221–222

Navy, 58–59, 69, 108, 191

Next War, The—How to Avoid Being Wounded in, 97

Non-Combatants, Destruction of, in Time of War, 48–50

Non-Resistance, 291 et seq.

Northern Pacific Railway Company, Land Gifts to, 134–136

Norwegian-Swedish War, See “Four Great Events.”

“No Sentiment in Business”, 244–272

Notice, Special, to Hague Peace Society, 206 et seq.

“Obey or Starve”, 257–258, 334–337

“Off for the Front”, 30

“Old Glory,” Abuse of, 150

Old Veteran and Young Cossack,, 148 et seq.

One Christian Century of War, 52–53

Opportunity, Equal Basis of, 281

“Our Country!”, 218–219, 225–226

Over-production, 37–42, 333–335

Panic of 1907—Regular Soldiers’ Pay Advanced in by Congress, 152–153

Parades, Military, Purpose and Results, 199 et seq.

Parasites, 7, 17, 137, 190–191, 273–337

Parents, Suggestions to, 207–243

Patriotism, 227, 196–197

Patriotism a Matter of Cash. W. H. Taft and T. Roosevelt, 196–197

Patriotism, Capitalist, Specimens of, 107–158

Patriotism, Fallacy of False, Exploded by James Mackaye, 217

Patriotism, False, Taught to Children, 208 et seq.

“Patriotism is Killing Spaniards,”, 252–253

Patriotism of Buyers of War Bonds, 118–124

Patriotism—of George Washington, 217–218

Patriotism—Lowell, J. R., on, 217

Patriotism, Petty, Interferes With Social Evolution of Child, 213, 215 et seq.

Patriotism, Professor Paulsen on, 180

Patriotism, R. G. Ingersoll on, 180

Patriotism, R. W. Emerson on, 217

Patriots, Some Petty, 262–264

Peaceful Slaughter—in Industry, 97–106

Peace Impossible Without Socializing Unity of Interest, 257 et seq., 282 et seq.

Peace on the Program, 262–263

Peace Societies, 201–205

Peace, Talk of, but Preparation for War, 154 et seq.

Peace, The Hague Conference, 201–205

Penitentiary for the Rich, 295–296

Pensions, 55–59 Industrial Pensions and Military Service Pensions, 163–165

Perverted Sex-Appetite in Life at Sea, 221–222

Philippines, A Soldier’s Letter from the, 198

Philippine War, 99–101

Pledge to Working Class, 11

Poetry that Poisons, 213, 214

Poisoned Arms, A Revolution Produced by, 203–204

Political Logic, Elementary, 167 et seq.

Political Parties—Do Not Create Classes, 286

Political Party, Definition of, 304

Political Resistance, 293 et seq.

Politics, Elementary, Chap. Ten.

Politics, Military Tactics Applied in, 278–280

Poverty of Soldiers Following War, 110–117, 137–144

Power, the Road to, 167–168

Powers of Government, Necessity of Capturing, 25, 41–42, 75–76, 105–106, 159–206, 273–316

Preachers on the Firing Line, 228–230

“Preaching Heaven, Practising Hell”, 230

Preparation for War, 34, 54–76 Talk of Peace and Preparation for War, 154–155

Press, The, 24, 32, 177–178, 336–337, 338–344

Prevention of War, 24–25, 105–106, 158, 160, 174–176, 201–206, 235–243, Chapters Nine, Ten; “Four Great Events,” pp. 306 et seq.

Prize-Fighter Statesmanship, 58–76

Procurers, Christian Governments as, 220–223

Progress Promoted by War, 184 et seq.

Property Basis of Social Classes—Professors Bluntschli and Fairbanks, 275–276

Property Rights, “Sacred”, 39, 322–325

Property, Socialized, 167–168

Prostitutes Furnished by Christian Governments to Their Soldiers, 219–223

Quarters, Soldiers’, 192 et seq.

Race Suicide, 207–209

Rag-Money for “Boys in Blue,”, 119–120

Rations—For Soldiers, 191 et seq.

“Real War, The,” Ruskin, J., 227

Rebellion, 69–70 See Washington.

Recitations, Declamations, Selections from Chapters One, Two, Four, Five, Six, Eight, Nine, Ten. See Suggestions Chapter Twelve.

Recruiting, 42, 43

Recruiting—Devices, 108

Red Cross Society, 88

“Remembering the Maine,” See “Freeing Cuba.”

Resistance by all Forms of Power, 292–294

Revolution, 300–303

Revolutionary War, American, 57

Revolutionists, American, 217–218, 292, 302–303

Revolution of Opinion, 152–153, 187

Revolution, Prepare For, 167–168

Revolution, Produced by Poisoned Arms, 203–204

Rifle Practice Clubs in Public Schools, 233 et seq.

Rifle Ranges in Public Schools, 210 et seq.

“Righteous War”, Chapter Nine

Risks in War—At the Front and in Wall Street. See “Clews.” See also, 163–164

Road to Power, The, 167–168

Robbery, Institutional, 282 et seq.

Romans, Decadence of, 105

Roosevelt, T., 21, 47, 93, 102, 141–143, 157, 179–180, 197, 233, 251–253

Rough Riders, The, 140

Royal Timber Company, The, 144 et seq.

Russian-Japanese War, 18–19, 68–69, 86–88, 101, 144 et seq.

School Children, Deception of, 56

Schools, Public, Abuse of, by Militarists, Chapter Eight

Schools, Use of, to Betray and Poison Children, 213 et seq.

Sedan, Battle of, 84, 85, 163

Senate, U. S., Dignity and Nobility of, 124–137

“Sentiment in Business”, 244–272

Seven Days’ Battle, 124 et seq.

Seventh Regiment (N. Y.), The, 176–177

“Silence!” The Command of Despotism, 113–114, 148

Silent Destroyer, Disease, The, 92–97

Slavery as a Revolution, 318

Slavery, Serfdom, Capitalism, Purpose of, 38

Socialist Party and War, 68, 270–272, Chapter Ten, 336–337

Social Organization—Mutualism, Antagonism, Two Possible Social Forms, 281 et seq.

South-African War, 103

Spanish-American War, 93, 176–177

Special Warning, A, 154 et seq.

Standing Army, A, 109–110, 170–176

Statesmen, Politicians, in War, 30 Temptations of, 44

Strikes, 17 Militiaman’s Cheap Rôle in, 45–46, 1894, 165–166 At Iron Mines in Minnesota, 1907, 166 et seq. “Great Coal Strike”, 148 et seq. Strikes, Lockouts, Statistics of, 168–169 Schoolboys Prepared for Strikes, 233–235

Substitutes, Exemptions, 160–161

Suggestions, 25, 54, 56, 58, 68, 74–76, 97, 105–106, 174–175, 184, 210–214, 236 et seq., 293–294; Chapters Eleven, Twelve

Suicide, 6–7, 77, 194 et seq.

Surgery Applied to Society, 298–299

Surplus, 37–43

Surplus Products, Embarrassingly large, 254, 255

Swedish-Norwegian War, See “Four Great Events”, 306 et seq.

Taft, W. H., 10, 48, 154–157, 191 et seq., 195 et seq., 219, 295–296

Teachers, School, Their Power to Blast or Develop Social Nature of Child, 209–216

Teaching Youths How to Avoid Venereal Disease in Associating With Women (U. S. Government and British Government), 219–223

Temptations Frankly Offered by Federal Government, 192 et seq.

Territorial Force Act (English), “Dick” Law, 173–174

The Hague Peace Society, 202 et seq.

“The War is the Class War”, 37–46, 286

“To Arms! To Arms!”, 13–17, 289–291

“Topics for Discussion”, 159–243

Toys, Military, 216

“Train Everybody or Nobody”, 175

“Trade Follows the Flag”, 36

Trust Laws, 295–296

Tsar of Russia, and The Hague Peace Conference, 201–202

Tyranny Protected by the Flag, Chapter Six, Seventh Illustration, and 148–153, 164–165

“Undesirable Citizens,” Soldiers as, W. H. Taft, 195 et seq., 260–262

Unemployed, The, 42, 152–153

Union Pacific Railway Charter, 124–137

Universal Military Service, Chapter Seven (3), (11), (12)

Venereal Diseases, 48, 49, 219–223

“Vision of the Future,” Ingersoll’s, 242

“Vision of War,” Ingersoll’s, 240–241

Volunteers, 77

Wage-System, See Labor-power, Buying and Selling of.

Wall Street Patriots, 118–124

Walsh, Dr. Walter, 147, 182, 199, 210, 222–223, 266 et seq.

“War a Collision of Interests,” General Von der Goltz, 170

War and Industry, Comparative Destruction of Life in, 77–92

War, and the Survival of the Fittest, 188

War and Women, 207–243

War as Hell, Chap. Five, 160, 289–291

War as a Relief to Competition Among Laborers, 188

War as a System of Exploitation, Ferrero, 187

War, Comment on, 160

War, Definition of, 21

Ward, Lester F., 38, 183, 284, 292, 328

War, Explanation of, Motives and Occasions of, Chaps. Three, Six, Ten, Eleven

“War is Hell”, 159–160

War Necessary to Progress, 184 et seq.

War, Origin of, 317–337

Warning, Special, 14, 17, 154–158, 288–290, 311–316

“War” Statesmen, Popularity of, 44

War—The Class Struggle, 286 et seq.; See Classes

War, The Next, See “Another War.”

War, What is Determined By, 21–28, 185–188

War—What to Do About It, 159–243, 273–316; passim

War, Who Want, Who Declare, Who Fight, 29 et seq.

Washington, Anti-Patriot, 217–218 Letter to John Bannister on Patriotism, 148

Waterloo, Battle of, 110–111

“Welcome Home!”, 107–158

“Wintering” in the Army, 153

Women and War, 18, 26, 207–243

Working Class, Self-Defense of, 1–344

Wounded, the Difficulties in Attending to in Modern War, 94

“Young Men Not Only Willing but Anxious to Fight,” Origin of Saying, 47

Youth, Conscription of, for Napoleon’s Armies, 104–105

Zeppelin’s, Count, Airship, 90

Zola, Emile, The Downfall, 26, 83, 211–212

SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT:

Discussion destroys wrongs and develops rights. Hence the absolute importance of discussion.

The =Three Great Rights= are:

Freedom of Assemblage (for discussion), Freedom of Speech (for discussion), and Freedom of the Press (for discussion).

“Why are these the three great rights?”

Because with these three rights we =hold= these three rights and other rights we already =have=, and also =get= any other and all other rights we =need=.

It is most unwise and dangerous for any one to hesitate for one moment in defending these three rights for everybody and for anybody and for all organizations.

Salvation comes and can come only through information. Information is multiplied and spread through discussion.

=War—What For? was written, in part, to discuss what the Government dare not admit and is challenged to deny.=

The author has been informed from several sources that the suppression of this book has been seriously considered.

This book has been excluded from several public libraries. This book has been excluded from Fort Myer, Virginia (near Washington). A dozen copies circulated in Fort Snelling (near Minneapolis, Minn.) produced remarkable results alarming to the officers in command. Distinguished officers of the Army have been overheard cursing this book bitterly—so the author has been informed by a well-known Army officer in New York City.

=The power of this book has been admitted. (See following pages.) You can help circulate this book very, very easily. Thus:=

A large, handsome, two-color circular with full information relative to the book, and =twenty-five facts that challenge and create discussion of the War Department=, will be sent =free= to any address furnished to the publisher. A post card request is sufficient. Address:

=Publisher of WAR—WHAT FOR?= Box 293, West La Fayette, Ohio. Care of J. M. K.

TWO LETTERS

“1426 Hoyt Ave., Everett, Washington, April 21, 1911.

“Publisher of WAR—WHAT FOR? West La Fayette, Ohio.

“DEAR SIR: Enclosed find $8.40 for which send me 12 copies of WAR—WHAT FOR? Every one who tastes the book buys it if he can, and those who have not the price to buy it outright, rent it at a small sum per week. One person told me that he knew of six boys that were going to enlist in the Army, but after reading WAR—WHAT FOR? they had all the war they wanted without getting into the Army. So let us keep up the good work of spreading the book wherever we can.

“Yours for no more war, (Signed) “MRS. HELEN ROEDER.”

=Why should a boy enlist, when even the Commander-in-Chief publically sneers at those who are already in the Army? (See pages 10 and 191–199 of this book.)=

“Smith Building, Auburn, New York, May 25, 1911.

“DEAR MR. KIRKPATRICK:

“I know you will be more than gratified to hear that your invaluable book, WAR—WHAT FOR? is fulfilling its mission among the farmers in this section.

“Over four months ago a farmer called and asked me if I had anything to place in the hands of a boy which would ‘take the Army Bug out of his head.’ The boy was about to join the Regular Army. His mother and father had appealed to him—had tried to talk the idea out of the boy’s mind.

“On my table was a copy of WAR—WHAT FOR? I said, ‘Here is a book that will sterilize the love for murder instinct.’ A week later he called and informed me that the boy had read the book and now it is ‘No Army for me!’

“Both parents also read the book. It has been going the rounds among the farmers ever since. Each week Mr. Marquis calls and asks to extend the loan of your book. He says that some farmers stay up all night reading its contents. Parents are thanking Marquis, with tears in their eyes, for placing the book in their hands.

“So far as I can learn, no farmer boy in this section has joined the Army since WAR—WHAT FOR? found its way into the farm houses.... I hear the work is never laid aside, but having been read by someone, in a few days it is in the hands of a new reader....

(Signed) “Fraternally, E. H. GOHL.”

COMMENT

=The Springfield, Mass., Republican= (over half column review): “... Brimful of indictment of war ... a valuable book.... Much startling information which ought to be widely disseminated. Peace advocates might well have Mr. Kirkpatrick’s book in their knapsacks. The book is crowded with facts and figures, official reports and other authoritative documents being freely quoted....”

=The Chicago Evening Post= =(two-thirds column review):—“But it [War—What For?] is, in fact, exquisitely designed to capture the interest and win the belief; it is as well calculated to impress its readers as Paine’s ‘Rights of Man.’”=

=The Louisville, Kentucky, Herald= also frankly ranks WAR—WHAT FOR? equal to Paine’s Rights of Man in its power to impress its readers.

=Charles Edward Russell=, well known to a million readers of Everybody’s Magazine: “... The most powerful blow ever dealt against the insanity of militarism. A remarkable book. No one can escape the logic of its massed-up facts.”

=New York American= (review by Mr. Edwin Markham, poet): “... He tatters all the shibboleths that influence men to go to war. He masses his facts in a cumulative horror.... His style is telegraphic ... breathless; and he certainly makes a black case against militarism....”

=The Progressive Journal of Education=: “Here is a book certainly worth while. It is unique—something that stands wholly in a class by itself.... The array of facts ... concerning war, here gathered together, is something more than remarkable....”

=The Trenton, New Jersey, Sunday Advertiser=: “... A remarkable book on the futility, the brutality and the criminality of war....”

=The St. Louis Post-Despatch= (editorial on WAR—WHAT FOR?): “... the forces now working for universal peace—to mention but one, there is George R. Kirkpatrick, an American, who has written a book entitled WAR—WHAT FOR? which appears to be making a genuine sensation.... It is well illustrated, is stuffed full of facts and figures.... The jingos of the world will have to get busy and meet thought with thought, and fact with fact.”

=The New York Independent=: “... The volume shows evidence of much study and research, and certainly makes interesting reading....”

=The Religious Telescope=: “WAR—WHAT FOR? is a remarkable book no matter how you take it. The logic of its mass of facts furnishes food for reflection; trenchant discussion of the war question, ... burning vigor, biting sarcasm, ... gruesome illustrations and hideous word pictures—simply command attention and get it. The author ... intensifies every aspect of woe attaching to every phase of militarism, which it knocks down and out.... It is a strange and striking book and you cannot pooh-pooh it....”

=The Platform, Chicago= (full column editorial review): “... If at this moment we had the power to put one book into the hands of each man, woman and child on earth, that book would be WAR—WHAT FOR?... The most powerful, convincing and humane book that has ever fallen into ye editor’s hands....”

=Upton Sinclair, Author of the Jungle=: “... Take my advice about this book and get it ... a most extraordinary book ... a perfect cyclopedia of ... material, the most effective material that can be imagined, and presented with extraordinary fire and conviction....”

=Rev. Peter Molyneaux, Pastor of First Unitarian Church, Wheeling, W. Va.=: “Let me thank you for writing WAR—WHAT FOR?... The spirit of a toiling, suffering, upward struggling humanity speaks from its pages.”

=Eugene V. Debs=: “... This wonderful book—the book of an epoch, an immortal achievement. WAR—WHAT FOR? has set fire to all the blood in my veins....”

=Timothy Walsh, Assistant Financial Editor of the New York World=: “A book that should be in the hands of every parent in the land....”

=Appeal to Reason=: “... It is the most scathing indictment of war, and the most terrible impeachment of the powers and personalities responsible for war ever written....”

=St. Louis Labor=: “A powerful indictment of war....”

=International Socialist Review=: “This book is a denunciation, an exposition, a revelation and a terrible indictment of war ... a wealth of data....”

=Rev. J. Alexander Cairns, D.D., Newark, N. J.=: “... A masterpiece.... This book is worthy the struggle and toil of a lifetime....”

Circulars free to names and addresses furnished.

IT IS UP TO THE GOVERNMENT!

=Karl Liebknecht was recently imprisoned for eighteen months by the German government as punishment for writing his book against the brutalities, stupidities, and villainies of war and militarism.=

=Gustave Hervé is now serving a four-year sentence in a French prison for writing his book on the same subject.=

Just what there is in store, in this line, for the author of WAR—WHAT FOR? he does not know. He has at least had plenty of hints, suggestions, warnings and veiled threats of dire things, but just as long as there is an intelligent degree of popular appreciation of the three great rights mentioned on page 350 of this book, and as long also as =working men—inside and outside the Army=—give the author plenty of assurance, as they do, that in =their= judgment this book is manifestly written in fraternal sincerity to protect them and those they love,—these hints and warnings will be accepted as simply too ridiculous to be interesting.

The author of WAR—WHAT FOR? is neither inviting, nor avoiding, nor expecting, nor afraid of persecution on account of this book. We have the facts and we also have the three great rights of discussion.

NOTICE TO AGENTS!

WAR—WHAT FOR? is, at the present time, the bestselling, non-fiction, cloth-bound book in American revolutionary literature. In selling WAR—WHAT FOR? stick to the facts. The burning facts in the book sell the book. Present the facts to parents. Present the facts to the boys. Present the facts to organized and unorganized workers. Present the facts to farmers. Present the facts to professional people. Present simply a few of the many facts to be easily found in the book—and the book will sell itself.

BE YOUR OWN EMPLOYER!

There are about 2,700 counties in the United States where a great number of employed and unemployed persons could employ themselves selling WAR—WHAT FOR?

A book that defends the working class and is at the same time thoroughly suitable as a book for solicitors—such a book presents a very unusual opportunity for those who wish to feel safe while they fight for a living and for freedom.

=Send for Agents’ Rates, Circulars and Suggestions—not only for yourself, but also for two or three friends.=

Address: The Publisher of WAR—WHAT FOR? West La Fayette, Ohio. Care of J. M. K.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. P. 173, Added “Footnote 197: The Rough Riders, p. 139. Found in Edition of 1899, published by Charles Scribner’s Sons; page 152, as published by G. P. Putnam’s Sons.” [Footnote from 4th and 6th editions to correct a typo in the 5th edition.] 2. Silently corrected typographical errors and also variations in spelling. 3. Retained anachronistic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as printed. 4. Added (e.g. "example,..." changed to "example, ...") and removed spaces (e.g., "example ," to "example,") but otherwise retained non-standard punctuation as printed. Many paragraphs do not end with terminal punctuation. 5. Enclosed italics font in underscores. 6. Enclosed bold font in =equals=.