Part 2

Penthestes gambeli, of authors, part.

Type locality.--Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Diagnosis.--Among the four subspecies of Penthestes gambeli here recognized, color alone is sufficient for distinguishing P. gambeli gambeli. The flanks, sides of body and back in this form are pervaded with a distinct tinge of cinnamon--more exactly, the "pinkish buff" of Ridgway (1912, pl. 29). In addition, this race shows the greatest length of tail, and slenderest bill.

Measurements.--Average of 14 males: Wing, 70.5 mm.; tail, 70.2; exposed culmen, 8.6; depth of bill at base, 3.8. For extremes, see accompanying table.

Note.--In this paper the length of wing is the usual chord of the folded wing as dried at the side of the body in the conventional study skin. The tail length, however, is measured from the base of the uropygium to the tip of the longest pair of rectrices. It is found that in preparing specimens there is a practically uniform place for cutting off from the body the uropygium with attached feathers, and this is exactly where the tail bends back at an angle to the body in the fresh bird. The lateral rectrices are rooted evenly with the base of the dried uropygium so that the measurement of tail length thus taken becomes the distance from the extreme proximal ends of the most lateral pair of rectrices to the tips of the central pair--somewhat greater than the length of tail as given by Ridgway (1901, p. xv), the latter being the measurement from the base of the central pair of tail feathers to the tips of same. My reason for adopting this different procedure here is that more accuracy seems possible thereby, at least in the kind of material here dealt with. There is less mussing of the specimen also.

Neither depth of bill nor culmen is a practical index to degree of slenderness of bill. No ordinary method of measurement will suffice to indicate the facts as they are perceived by the eye.

As will be seen by the dates in the tables, as a rule only unworn specimens have been selected for measurement.

Range.--The Rocky Mountain region of North. America, from eastern British Columbia and western Alberta south to western Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Specimens examined, 72, from the following localities:

Alberta: Smoky Valley, 50 miles north of Jasper House, 1; Henry House, 1; 15 miles west of Henry House, 1.

British Columbia: South fork of Moose River, 1.

Montana: Gallatin County: Jefferson River, 1; Madison River, 2; Hillsdale, 2; Mystic Lake, 1; Dry Creek, 1.

Idaho: Sawtooth Lake, 1.

Wyoming: Mammoth Hot Springs, 3; Jackey's Creek, 4 miles southwest of Dubois, 1; Teton Pass, 7200 ft., 2; Salt River Mts., head of Dry Creek, 9200 ft., 1; Medicine Bow Mts., 10 200[**10,200-see Twining NM below] ft., 1; Medicine Bow Creek, 1.

Utah: Filmore, 1.

Colorado: Loveland, 1; Middle Park, 1; Sangre de Christo Pass, 1; Fort Garland, 1; Platte Canyon, 1; Pueblo, 2; Estes Park, 1; Boulder, 2; Gold Hill, 1; Golden, 7300 ft., 1; Colorado Springs, 5; Querida, Custer County, 1; Salida, Chaffee County, 1; Crested Butte, Gunnison County, 1; Stamford, 1.

Texas: Guadalupe Mts., 6800 ft., 1; Davis Mts., 1.

New Mexico: Fort Massachusetts, 1; Fort Wingate, 1; Albuquerque, 1; Taos Mts., 8800 ft., 1; Manzano Mts., 4; Magdalena Mts., 7000 ft., 1; Cienequilla, 1; Mt. Capitan, 1; Pecos Baldy, 1; Bear Spring Mts., 1; Shiprock, 1; Corona, 1; Twining, 12,500 ft., 1; Fulton, 1; San Mateo Mts., 9500 ft., 1.

Arizona: Fort Whipple, 1; Mt. Graham, 1; San Francisco Mt., 2; Bright Angel Spring, Kaibab Plateau, 1; Canyon Spring, 1; Santa Catalina Mts., 2; Sierra Ancha, 6500 ft., 1.

=Penthestes gambeli inyoensis=, new subspecies

Inyo Mountain Chickadee

Parus gambeli, of authors, part.

Penthestes gambeli, of authors, part.

Penthestes gambeli baileyae, American Ornithologists' Union Committee (1910, p. 351), part (?).

Type locality.--Panamint Mountains (northern part), 3 miles east of Jackass Spring, 6200 feet altitude, Inyo County, California. Type, male adult, no. 28782, Mus. Vert. Zool.; October 7, 1917; collected by J. Grinnell, orig. no. 4588.

Diagnosis.--The palest colored race of the four; sides, flanks and back, in unworn plumage, pervaded with pale buff--the "cartridge buff" of Ridgway (1912, pl. 30). Wear or fading, or both, removes most of this buff tone, so that the resulting effect, in spring and summer birds, is of an ashy tone of coloration, distinctly lighter than in any of the other three subspecies, in same stage. It seems probable that there is a paler tone to the underlying plumage parts and that this becomes revealed by loss of the superficial pigment-bearing portions through the gradual progress of feather abrasion. Inyoensis shows nearly as long a tail as does gambeli. Its bill is somewhat smaller.

Measurements.--Average of 10 males: "Wing, 71.1 mm.; tail, 69.3; exposed culmen, 8.1; depth of bill at base, 3.7. For extremes, see accompanying table.

Range.--The higher mountains of eastern California lying east and southeast of Owens Valley, from the vicinity of the Mono Craters and the White Mountains, in Mono County, south to the Panamint Mountains, in Inyo County. Specimens examined, 50, from the following localities, all in California:

Mono County: Mono Mills, 1; near Benton, 2; near Big Prospector Meadow, 10,000-10,500 ft., White Mts., 15; Cottonwood Creek, 9200 ft., White Mts., 1. Inyo County: Silver Canyon, 7000-8000 ft., White Mts., 8; Roberts Ranch, 8300 ft., White Mts., 1; head of Black Canyon, 8000 ft., White Mts., 2; Independence, 3900 ft., 1 (vagrant); Mazourka Canyon, 8000-10,000 ft., Inyo Mts., 3; near Jackass Spring, 6000-6200 ft., Panamint Mts., 14; Hanaupah Canyon, 7500-9000 ft., Panamint Mts., 2.