Part I. Pomologie Ou Description Meilleures Sortes De Pommes

et de Poires. Part II. Fructologie ou Description des Arbres Fruitiers. Par Jean Herman Knoop. Amsterdam: 1771.

Koch, Deut. Obst.

Die Deutschen Obstgeholze. By Karl Koch. Two Parts. Stuttgart: 1876.

Kraft, Pom. Aust.

Pomona Austriaca. Abhandlung von dem Obstbaumen. By Johann Kraft. Wein: 1792.

Lange, Allgem. Garten.

Allgemeines Gartenbuch. By Theodore Lange. Two Volumes. Second Edition, Leipsic: 1879.

Langley, Pomona

Pomona; or the Fruit Garden Illustrated. By Batty Langley. London: 1729.

Lauche, Deut. Pom.

Deutsche Pomologie. Von W. Lauche. Berlin: 1882.

Le Bon Jard.

Le Bon Jardinier. 126th Edition Almanach Horticole, 1882 and the 129th Edition, 1884. Paris.

Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat.

A Catalogue of the Fruits Cultivated in the Garden of the Horticultural Society of London. London: 1826. Second edition, 1831. Third edition, 1842. A supplement was published in 1853.

London, Arb. Frut. Brit.

Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum. By J. C. Loudon. Second Edition, Volume 2. London: 1844.

Loudons Enc. Gard.

An Encyclopedia of Gardening, etc. By J. C. Loudon. New edition. London: 1834.

Lucas, Vollst. Hand. Obst.

Vollständiges Handbuch der Obstkultur. Von Ed. Lucas. Stuttgart: First edition, 1880; second edition, 1886; third edition, 1893. Third edition edited by Fr. Lucas. 1894.

Mag. Hort.

Magazine of Horticulture. Boston: 1837-1868. First published under name American Gardener’s Magazine, 1835-6. Edited by C. M. Hovey with P. B. Hovey, Jr., associate editor during 1835-6.

Manning, Book of Fruits

Book of Fruits. By Robert Manning. Salem: 1838. Second edition with title, New England Fruit Book. Revised by John M. Ives. Salem: 1844.

Mas, Le Verger

Le Verger. Par M. Mas. Tomes 8. Paris: 1866-1873. Tome 6. Prunes.

Mas, Pom. Gen.

Pomologie Générale. Par M. Mas. Tomes 12. Paris: 1872-83. Tome 2, 1873. Prunes.

Mathieu, Nom. Pom.

Nomenclator Pomologicus. Von Carl Mathieu. Berlin: 1889.

Miller, Gard. Dict.

Gardener’s Dictionary. By Philip Miller. London: 1754. Revised edition, Volumes I and II. By Thomas Martyn. London: 1807.

Miller, Gard. Kal.

Gardener’s Kalendar. By Philip Miller. London: 1734.

McIntosh, Bk. Gard.

The Book of the Garden. By Charles McIntosh. Two Volumes. London: 1855.

McMahon, Am. Gard. Cal.

The American Gardener’s Calendar. By Bernard McMahon. Philadelphia: 1806.

Nat. Hist. N. Y.

Natural History of New York. Part V. Agriculture. By Ebenezer Emmons. Vol. III devoted to fruits. Albany: 1851.

Nat. Nur.

National Nurseryman. Edited by R. T. Olcott and later by John Craig. Rochester: 1893 to date.

N. E. Farmer Dict.

The New England Farmer or Georgical Dictionary. By Samuel Deane. Second Edition. Worcester, Mass.: 1797.

Nicholson, Dict. Gard.

The Illustrated Dictionary of Gardening. By George Nicholson, assisted by J. W. H. Trail and J. Garrett. Four volumes, London. Supplement to same. By George Nicholson et al. London: 1900.

Noisette, Man. Comp. Jard.

Manuel Complet du Jardinier. Par M. Louis Noisette. Paris: 1860.

Oberdieck, Deut. Obst. Sort.

Deutschlands beste Obst-Sorten. Von. F. G. C. Oberdieck. Leipzig: 1881.

Oregon Agric.

Oregon Agriculturist. Edited by W. E. Williamson. Portland: 1891 to date.

Parkinson, Par. Ter.

Paradisi in Sole. Paradisus Terrestris. By John Parkinson. London: 1629.

Phillips, Com. Orch.

The Companion For the Orchard. By Henry Phillips. New Edition. London: 1831.

Poiteau, Pom. Franc.

Pomologie Francaise. Recueil des Plus Beaux Fruits Cultivés en France. Par Antoine Poiteau. Tomes 1-4. Paris: 1846.

Pom. France

Pomologie de la France. Ou Histoire et Description De Tous Les Fruits Cultivés En France. Ouvrage Public avec le concours des Sociétés d’Agriculture et d’Horticulture Francaises. Tome VII. Lyon: 1871.

Pom. Mag.

Pomological Magazine. Three Volumes. London: 1828-30. This work has also been published under the title Pomona Brittanica.

Popular Gard.

Popular Gardening. An illustrated periodical devoted to Horticulture in all its branches. Vol. I, Buffalo: 1886. Continued as Popular Gardening and Fruit Growing. An illustrated periodical devoted to Horticulture in all its branches, Vols. II-VI. Buffalo: 1887-91. All six volumes edited by E. A. Long; these consolidated with American Garden and continued as American Gardening. New York: 1892-1904.

Prince, Treat. Hort.

A Short Treatise on Horticulture. By William Prince. New York: 1828.

Prince, Pom. Man.

The Pomological Manual, or a Treatise on Fruits. By William Robert Prince, aided by William Prince. Second edition. Parts I and II. New York: 1832.

Quintinye, Com. Gard.

The Complete Gard’ner; or Directions for Cultivating and Right Ordering of Fruit Gardens and Kitchen Gardens. By Monsieur De la Quintinye. Second edition. London: 1699.

Ray, Hist. Plant.

Historia Plantarum. By John Ray. London: 1688.

Rea, Flora

Flora: Seu, De Florum Cultura; or A Complete Florilege. By John Rea, Gent. London: 1676.

Rec. Hort.

Woodward’s Record of Horticulture. Edited by A. S. Fuller. (An annual.) New York: 1866-1868.

Rev. Hort.

Revue Horticole. Paris: 1829 to date.

Rural N. Y.

Rural New Yorker. Rochester and New York: 1850 to date.

Soc. Nat. Hort. France Pom.

Société Nationale d’Horticulture de France. Section Pomologique. Les Meilleurs Fruits au début du XXe Siècle. Paris: 1904.

Sou. Cult.

Southern Cultivator. Augusta, Ga.: 1843.

Thomas, Am. Fruit Cult.

American Fruit Culturist. By John J. Thomas. First edition, Geneva and Auburn, N. Y.: 1846. Edition of 1849, Auburn, N. Y. Edition of 1867, 1875-1885, New York. Twentieth edition, revised and enlarged by William H. S. Wood. New York: 1897.

Thompson, Gard. Ass’t

The Gardener’s Assistant. By Robert Thompson. Two volumes. London: 1859. Same, revised by William Watson. Six volumes. London: 1901.

Traité Prat. Sech. Fruits

Traité Pratique du Séchage des Fruits et des Légumes. Par J. Nanot et L. Tritschler. Paris: 1893.

U. S. D. A. Rpt.

Reports of the United States Department of Agriculture: 1862 to 1894.

U. S. D. A. Yearbook

Reports of the United States Department of Agriculture: 1894 to date.

U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt.

Reports of the Agricultural section of the United States Patent Office: 1837 to 1861.

Waugh, Plum Cult.

Plums and Plum Culture. By F. A. Waugh. New York: 1901.

Wickson, Cal. Fruits

California Fruits. By Edward J. Wickson. Second Edition. San Francisco: 1891. Same, Fourth edition. Los Angeles: 1909.

Willich, Dom. Enc.

Domestic Encyclopedia or a Dictionary of Facts, etc. By A. F. M. Willich. First American edition with additions by James Mease. In five volumes. Vol. 4, Philadelphia: 1803.

INDEX.

(Names of varieties in this index, if accepted names, appear in Roman type; if synonyms, in italics.)

Abbaye d’Arton, 391

Abricot Blanc, Blanche, de France; Abricot ordinaire; Abricote; Abricotée; Abricotée Blanc, Blanche, de Tours, Perdrigon (Syns. of Apricot), 148

Abricot de Guthrie (syn. of Guthrie Apricot), 457

Abricotée de Braunau, 391

Abricotée de Braunau (syn. of Abricotée de Braunau), 391

Abricotée de Braunau Nouvelle (syn. of Liegel Apricot), 484

Abricotée de Lange, 391

Abricotée de Liegel (syn. of Liegel Apricot), 484

Abricotée de Royer (syn. of Royer Aprikosen Pflaume), 535

Abricotée de Trauttenberg, 391

Abricotée de Trauttenberg (syn. of Abricotée de Trauttenberg), 391

Abricote Hâtif; Abricotée Hâtive, or Précoce (syns. of Early Apricot), 437

Abricotée Nouvelle de Dörell (syn. of Dorell Aprikosenpflaume), 434

Abricot, Abricote or Abricotée Rouge (syns. of Red Apricot), 321

Abricotée Rouge de Trauttenberg (syn. of Abricotée de Trauttenberg), 391

Abricotée Sageret (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Abricot Princesse, 391

Abricot Verd or Vert (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Abundance, 136

Abundance (syn. of Abundance), 136

Adair, D. L., var. orig. by, 292

Admirable, 391

Admiral, 391

Admiral Rigny or de Rigny (syn. of Rigny), 532

Admiral Dewey (syn. of Dewey), 432

Admiral Schley, 391

Advance, 392

Aechte Gelbe Eierpflaume (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

A Fleur Double (syn. of Red Date), 322

African, 392

Agen, 138

Agen Date or Prune; Agen Datte; Agener Kaiserzwetsche or Pflaume (syns. of Agen), 138

Aitken (syn. of Aitkin), 140

Aitkin, 140

Ak Erik (syn. of Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene), 432

Alabama, 392

Albany Beauty, 392

Alberta, 393

Albert’s Damascene; Albertus Damen Pflaume (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Alderton (syn. of Victoria), 363

Alderton (syn. of Sharp), 340

Al Erik (syn. of Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene), 432

Alexander, 393

Alexander’s Late (syn. of Alexander), 393

Alhambra, 141

Alibuchari, 393

Alice, 393

Allen, 393

Allfruit, 393

Allie, 393

Aloe, 393

Aloise’s Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Alois Reine-Claude, 393

Alois’ Reine Claude (syn. of Alois Reine Claude), 393

Aloo Bokhara, 393

Alpha, 393

Alpha-Americana, 394

Altesse (syn. of Suisse), 549

Altesse Blanche? (syn. of White Virginal), 565

Altesse Blanche (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Altesse Double (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Altesse du Roi (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Altesse ordinaire (syn. of German Prune), 219

Althahn’s Rote Reine-Claude; Althan’s or Althann’s Reine Claude (syns. of Altham), 141

Altham, 141

Amalia Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Amaryllis, 394

Amber, 394

Amber Primordian, 394

Amber Primordian (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Ambre de Provence (syn. of Bernsteinzwetsche), 402

Ambre Tardif, 394

Ambrée Tardive (syn. of Ambre Tardif), 394

Amelie Blanche, 394

Amelie Noire, 394

Ameliorée, 394

America, 142

American, 143

American Cherry Plum (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

American Damson (syn. of Frost Gage), 216

American Eagle, 144

American Golden, 394

American Magnum Bonum, 394

American Prune, 394

American Prune (syn. of Dawson), 186

American Seedling (syn. of American), 143

American Violet, 394

American Wheat, 395

American Wheat (syn. of American Wheat), 395

American Yellow Gage; American Yellow Gage (syns. of Yellow Gage), 388

Amiral de Rigny (syn. of Rigny), 532

Ames, 144

Ananas Zwetsche (syn. of Petite Quetsche Sucrée), 515

Ananas Zwetsche (incor.) (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Ancient City, 395

Anderson, 395

Anderson’s Early Red (syn. of Anderson), 395

Angelina Burdett, 395

Anglaise Noire (syn. of Orleans), 302

Anglesio (syn. of Washington), 368

Angloise Noire (syn. of Orleans), 302

Angouleme, 395

Anna, 395

Anna Lawson (syn. of Lawson), 482

Anna Maria, 395

Anna Spaeth (syn. of Anna Spath), 395

Anna Spath, 395

Annual Bearer, 395

Apple, 396

Apple, 146

Apple Plum (syn. of Apple), 396

Apricock Plum, Apricocke, Apricot, Apricot Plum, Apricot Plum of Tours (syns. of Apricot), 148

Apricot, 147

Apricot (syn. of Duane), 196

Apricot, 396

Apricot Plum (syn. of Peach), 309

Apricot Plum (syn. of Simon), 346

Apricot Plum (syn. of Red Apricot), 321

Aprikosenartige Mirabelle, 396

Aprikosenartige Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Aprikosenartige Pflaume or Aprikosen Perdrigon (syns. of Apricot), 148

Arab, 396

Arab No. 1 (syn. of Black Prune), 404

Arab No. 2 (syn. of Nicholas), 295

Arabische Kirsche (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Arch Duke, 148

Arctic, 150

Arctic, 396

Arkansas, 152

Arkansas Lombard (syn. of Arkansas), 152

Arris, John, var. orig. by, 339

Ashes Seedling, 396

Ashridge Black, 396

Asiatische Kirsche (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Askew’s Golden or Golden Egg (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Askew’s Purple Egg (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Assiniboia, 396

Aston, 396

Aston Green Gage, 396

Atkins, 396

A-248, 397

Aubert, 397

Aubertiana (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Auburn, 397

Auchtertyre, 397

August, 397

Auguste Zwetsche (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Augustine, A. M., var. orig. by, 475

August Pflaume (syn. of Damson), 186

August Red (syn. of August), 397

August Zwetsche, 397

August Zwetsche (syn. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

August Zwetsche (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Aunt Ann, 397

Aunt Ann (syn. of Aunt Ann), 397

Aurora, 397

Auserlesene Gelbe Reine-Claude (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

Auserlesene Rote Reine-Claude or rothe Reineclaude (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Austrian Quetsche, 397

Automne de Schamali (syn. of Schamal), 540

Autriche Violette (Pr. d.) (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Autumn Beauty (syn. of Belle), 158

Autumn Compote (syn. of Autumn Compote), 153

Autumn Compote, 153

Autumn Gage (syn. of Autumn Gage), 398

Autumn Gage, 397

Avant Prune blanche (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Azure, 398

Azure Hâtive (syn. of Early Blue), 438

Babcock (?) (syn. of Abundance), 136

Babcock (syn. of Chabot), 172

Backpflaume (syn. of German Prune), 219

Bailey, 398

Bailey (syn. of Chabot), 172

Bailey (syn. of Lyon), 488

Bailey, Liberty Hyde, plum investigations of, 64; quoted, 63, 65, 99, 541

Baker, 398

Baker, var. orig. by, 398

Baker (syn. of Stoddard), 352

Baker Damson (syn. of Baker), 398

Baker’s German Prune (syn. of Baker), 398

Baldwin, 398

Bal Erik (syn. of Nikitaer Blaue Frühzwetsche), 504

Ballonartige Gelbe Zwetsche, 398

Ballonartige Rote Damascene, 398

Baltet, M. M., var. orig. by, 551

Bamberger Eier Pflaume (syn. of Blue Egg), 405

Bamberger Eier Pflaume (incor.) (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Bankalari Früh Damascene, 398

Bankalari’s Rote Früh Damascene (syn. of Bankalari Früh Damascene), 398

Banker’s Gage, 399

Bant Späte Reine Claude, 399

Bant’s Late Green Gage (syn. of Bant Späte Reine Claude), 399

Baraboo, 399

Barbary, 399

Barberry (syn. of Barbary), 399

Bardak Erik (syn. of Nikitaer Dattelzwetsche), 504

Barkhausen Violette Reine Claude, 399

Barkley, 399

Barnsback, 399

Barnsbeck (syn. of Barnsback), 399

Baronne Helen Trauttenberg, 399

Barry, quoted, 167

Bartlett, 154

Bartlett (syn. of Oren), 300

Basaricatta, 399

Basilic (syn. of Hungarian Musk Prune), 465

Bassett, 155

Bassett’s American (syn. of Bassett), 155

Bastle, 399

Batchelor Damson, 399

Battle Monument (syn. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Bauern Pflaume (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451

Bauernpflaume (syn. of German Prune), 219

Bavay, 155

Bavay’s Early Gage or Bavay’s Frühe Reine-Claude (syns. of July Green Gage), 474

Bavay’s Green Gage, Reine Claude or renkloie; Bavays Reine-Claude (syns. of Bavay), 155

Bazalicza, 399

Bazalicza Damson or Zwetsche; Bazalicza’s Grosse Blaue Zwetsche or Prune (syns. of Bazalicza), 399

Beach Plum, 400

Beals, 400

Beals, George F., var. orig. by, 400

Bean, 400

Beatty (syn. of Aitkin), 140

Beatty, James, var. orig. by, 396

Beaty, 400

Beaty, Lee, var. orig. by, 400

Beaty Choice; Beaty’s Choice; Beauty, Beauty’s Choice (syn. of Beaty), 400

Beauty of Naples (syn. of Naples), 502

Bechstein Spitzpflaume, 400

Bedford, 400

Beef’s Heart (syn. of Coeur de Boeuf), 420

Beekman’s Scarlet (syn. of Lombard), 268

Beer Plum, 400

Behren’s Königspflaume; Behrens Königspflaume (syns. of Royale de Behrens), 535

Béjonnières, 157

Belgarian Prune (syn. of Bulgarian), 411

Belgian Purple, 157

Belgian Purple (syn. of Belgian Purple), 157

Belgische Damascene (syn. of Belgian Purple), 157

Bell, 400

Bell, Levi, var. orig. by, 539

Belle, 158

Belle (syn. of Texas Belle), 552

Belle d’Albany (syn. of Albany Beauty), 392

Belle de Doue (syn. of Chauviere), 417

Belle de Hardy, 400

Belle de Louvain, 400

Belle de Paris, 401

Belle de Riom, 401

Belle de Schöneberg, 401

Belle de Schöneberg (syn. of Belle de Schöneberg), 401

Belle de Septembre (syn. of Belle), 158

Belle Tillemond (syn. of Tillemond), 554

Bell’s October (syn. of Bell), 400

Belsiana, 401

Belvoir, 401

Bely Zwetsche (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Bender, 401

Benedict, 401

Beni Botan, 401

Beni-Smono No. 3 (syn. of Blood Plum), 405

Beni Smono No. 4 (syn. of Satsuma), 337

Benschoten, 401

Benson, 401

Benson Market (syn. of Benson), 401

Berckmans, 159

Berckmans, P. J., life of, 159-160; var. orig. by, 159

Berger, 160

Berlepsch, 402

Berlepsch’s Grosse Grüne Reine-Claude (syn. of Berlepsch), 402

Berlepchs Renclode Grosse Grüne (syn. of Berlepsch), 492

Berlet Früh Damascene, 402

Berliner Pflaume (syn. of Grüne Dattel Zwetsche), 456

Bernsteinzwetsche, 402

Bernsteinzwetsche (syn. of Bernsteinzwetsche), 402

Berry Plum, 402

Berryhill, 402

Best, var. orig. by, 307

Best Black Blood, 402

Best of All, 402

Bestovall (syn. of Best of All), 402

Beta, 402

Betterave, 402

Beverly, quoted, 21, 84

Beztercser Grosse Zwetsche, 402

Biconical, 402

Bielaya Nicholskaya (syn. of Nicholas), 295

Bielaya Otschakorskaya (syn. of White Otschakoff), 564

Bieler Pflaume (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Biery, 403

Bifere (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Big Blue (syn. of Gueii), 234

Big Rose, 403

Bilboa (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Biles, H. A., var. orig. by, 403

Bilona, 403

Biltern (syn. of Bittern), 403

Bingaman (syn. of Oren), 300

Bingham, 403

Bingham (syn. of Jefferson), 255

Bingham’s Pflaume (syn. of Bingham), 403

Biondeck, 403

Biondeck’s Frühzwetsche; Biondeck’s rothe Frühzwetsche (syns. of Biondeck), 403

Birchland, 403

Bischofsmütze (syn. of Bonnet d’Eveque), 407

Bischtin Erik (syn. of Frühe Grüne Zwetsche), 448

Bittern, 403

Bixby, 403

Black Arab (syn. of Black Arabka), 404

Black Arabka, 404

Black Ball, 404

Black Bullace, 161

Black Bulleis (syn. of Black Bullace), 161

Black Damask, 404

Black Damask (syn. of Morocco), 288

Black Damask Hasting, 404

Black Damosine (syn. of Damson), 186

Black Damson (syn. of Damson), 186

Black Damson (syn. of Late Black Damson), 480

Black Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Black or Blacke Damascene (syn. of Damson), 186

Black Damask (syn. of Morocco), 288

Black Diamond (syn. of Diamond), 191

Black Diapred (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Black Hawk, 404

Black Hill, 404

Black Imperial (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Black-knot, discussion of, 126, 127

Blackman (syn. of Charity Clark), 417

Blackman, Dr., var. orig. by, 163

Black Morocco (syn. of Morocco), 288

Black Muscle (syn. of Muscle), 501

Black Mussell (syn. of Muscle), 501

Black Orleans (syn. of Late Orleans), 265

Black Pear, 404

Black Perdrigon, 404

Black Perdrigon (syn. of Early Blue), 438

Black Prune, 404

Black Prune (syn. of Black Arabka), 404

Black Prunella, 404

Black Prunella (syn. of Sloe), 544

Black Prune No. 1 (syn. of Black Prune), 404

Black Utah Hybrid (syn. of Utah), 362

Black Vengerka (syn. of Black Prune), 404

Blackman, 163

Blackthorn (syn. of Sloe), 544

Blaisdon, 404

Blaisdon’s Red (syn. of Blaisdon), 404

Blanche Grosse Espèce (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Blaue Damascenerin (syn. of Lange Violette Damascene), 479

Blaue Dattel Pflaume (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Blaue Diaprée (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Blaue Eier (incor.) (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Blaue Eierpflaume (syn. of Blue Egg), 405

Blaue Eier Pflaume (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Blaue Eier Pflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Blaue Eierpflaume (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Blaue Fasanen Pflaume (syn. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Blaue Herzformige Pflaume (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Blaue Kaiserin (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Blaue Kaiser Pflaume (syn. of Blue Egg), 405

Blaue Kaiserpflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Blaue Krieche (syn. of Haferpflaume), 458

Blaue Reine Claude, 405

Blaue Reine-Claude (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Blaue Riesenzwetsche (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Blauer Perdrigon (syn. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Blauer Spilling (syn. of Nikitaer Blaue Frühzwetsche), 504

Blaue von Belgien (syn. of Belgian Purple), 157

Blaue Zipper (syn. of Bechstein Spitzpflaume), 400

Blaugh, 405

Bleecker’s; Bleecker’s Gage, German Gage, Yellow, or Yellow Gage; Blecker’s; Bleeker’s Gage, Gelbe Reine-Claude, Gelbe Renklode, Gelbe Zwetsche, Yellow, or Yellow Gage (syns. of Bleeker), 163

Bleecker’s Rothe Pflaume; Bleecker’s Scarlet; Bleeker’s Rotepflaume or Scarlet; Bleeker’s Rothe Pflaume (syns. of Lombard), 268

Bleeker, 163

Bleeker, Mrs., var. orig. by, 164, 405

Bleeker Large Red, 405

Bleu de Belgique; Bleu de Bergues or de Pergue; Bleue de Belgique, de Bergues, de Peck or de Perk (syns. of Belgian Purple), 157

Bleue de Perse, 405

Bleue d’Italie (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Blew Damask or Damson (syn. of Damson), 186

Blew Perdrigon (syn. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Blood Plum, 405

Blood Plum (syn. of Satsuma), 337

Blood Plum (syn. of Shviata Bene), 543

Blood Plum No. 3 (syn. of Blood Plum), 405

Blood Plum No. 4 (syn. of Satsuma), 337

Blubenthal, 405

Blubenthal Damson (syn. of Blubenthal), 405

Blucher’s Gage (syn. of Bleeker), 163

Blue Apricot, 405

Blue Damascene (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Blue Damson (syn. of Damson), 186

Blue Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Blue Egg, 405

Blue Egg-Plum (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Blue Eye, 405

Blue Gage (syn. of Early Blue), 438

Blue Holland (syn. of Holland), 462

Blue Imperatrice (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Blue Imperatrice (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Blue Impératrice (syn. of Semiana), 541

Blue Imperial (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Blue Magnum Bonum (syn. of Gueii), 234

Blue Matchless, 405

Blue Moldavka, 405

Bluemont, 405

Blue Perdrigon (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Blue Perdrigon, 164

Blue Perdrigon (syn. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Blue Perdrigon (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Blue Plum, 406

Blue Prolific, 406

Blue Prolific (syn. of Blue Prolific), 406

Blue Primordian, 406

Blue Prune, 406

Blue Rock, 406

Blue Tweens, 406

Blue Violet, 406

Blum, 406

Bocksdutten or Bockshoden (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Boddaert, 165

Boddaert’s Green Gage or Reine Claude; Boddart’s Green Gage (syns. of Boddaert), 165

Bohemian Prune, 406

Bohns Mirabelle or Gestreifte Mirabelle (syns. of Mirabelle De Bohn), 496

Bole (syn. of Bowle), 407

Bolmar; Bolmer; Bolmar’s or Bolmer’s or Bolmore’s Washington (syns. of Washington), 368

Bomberger, 406

Bon deux fois l’an (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Bongoume, 407

Bonne Bouche, 407

Bonne de Bry, 407

Bonnemain de la Digue, 407

Bonne Rouge, 407

Bonne St. Ann (syn. of St. Anne), 537

Bonnet d’Eveque, 407

Bonnet d’Eveque (syn. of Bonnet d’Eveque), 407

Bonne Verte (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Bonum Magnum (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Bonum Magnum (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Bossland, 407

Botan (syn. of Abundance), 136

Botan (syn. of Berckmans), 159

Botan (syn. of Red June), 324

Botan (syn. of Willard), 379

Botan No. 26 (syn. of Willard), 379

Botan White (syn. of Berckmans), 159

Botankin (syn. of Kelsey), 258

Botankio (syn. of Abundance), 136

Bottle Plum (syn. of Red Prune), 529

Boulouf (syn. of Jodoigne), 472

Bouloff (syn. of Boulouf), 407

Boulouf, 407

Bouncer, 407

Bourgeois, M., var. orig. by, 174

Bower, 407

Bower, var. orig. by, 407

Bower’s Gage (syn. of Bower), 407

Bowle, 407

Brackett, 408

Bradford Gage, Green Gage or Queen Gage (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Bradley’s King or King of Damsons (syns. of King Damson), 259

Bradshaw, 166

Bradshaw (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Bradshaw (syn. of Gueii), 234

Bradshaw (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Brahy, 408

Brahy’s Green Gage (syn. of Brahy), 408

Brainerd, 408

Brainerd’s Best (syn. of Brainerd), 408

Brandon Ruby, 408

Brandy Gage, 408

Brant of Naples, 408

Brauman, 408

Braunauer Aprikosenartige; Braunauer Aprikosenartige Damascene or Neue Kernfrucht (syns. of Abricotée de Braunau), 391

Braunauer Damascenenartige Pflaume, 408

Braunauer Königs Pflaume or Violetter Perdrigon (syns. of Buchner Königspflaume), 410

Breck, 408

Breck, Joseph, var. orig. by, 454

Breece, J. S., var. orig. by, 414, 421, 425, 458, 496, 498, 511, 512, 535, 539, 541, 544

Breitgedrückte Kaiser Zwetsche or Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Aplatie), 523

Bremen Prune (syn. of Austrian Quetsche), 397

Brevoort, Henry, var. orig. by, 408

Brevoort Purple, 408

Brevoort’s Purple, Purple Bolmar or Purple Washington; Brevorts; Brevort’s Purple; Brevorts Purple Bolmar; Brevorts’ Purple Bolmar (syns. of Brevoort Purple), 408

Briançon, 409

Bricet (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Bricet (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Bricetta or Bricette (syns. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Bricette (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Brignole, 409

Brignole (syn. of Brignole Violette), 409

Brignole (syn. of Orleans), 302

Brignole or Brignolle (syns. of White Perdrigon), 375

Brignole Jaune (syn. of Brignole), 409

Brignole Plum (syn. of Brignole), 409

Brignole Violette, 409

Brignole Violette (syn. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Brignole Violette (syn. of Orleans), 302

Brill, 409

Brisette (syn. of Late Mirabelle, 263; of Saint Catherine, 334)

Bristol, 409

Briton Seedling, 409

Brittlewood, 409

Brittlewood No. 1 (syn. of Brittlewood), 409

Brittlewood No. 2 (syn. of U. S.), 557

Brittlewood No. 3, 410

Britzer Egg, 410

Brock, 410

Brodie, R., var. orig. by, 410

Brodie, 410

Brompton, 410

Brooklyn, 410

Brown, var. orig. by, 461

Brown, John, var. orig. by, 445

Brown-rot, discussion of, 127

Brown’s Crimson Drop (syn. of Crimson Drop), 424.

Bruce, A. L., life of, 527-528; var. orig. by, 402, 423, 425, 434, 447, 455, 490, 509, 519, 526, 527, 554, 560

Bruce, Philip Alexander, quoted, 84, 85

Brugnole (syn. of Brignole Violette), 409

Brugnole (syn. of Orleans), 302

Brugnon de Neerveteren (syn. of Rademakers), 525

Brugnon Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Brugnon Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Brünner Zwetsche, 410

Brunswick, 410

Brussels, 410

Brustwarzenpflaume, Die (syn. of Mamelonnée), 489

Bruyn Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Bryan, 410

Bryanston, 168

Bryanston Gage; Bryanstone; Bryanstone Gage; Bryanston’s Gage (syns. of Bryanston), 168

Buchanan, 410

Buchner Königspflaume, 410

Buckman, Benjamin, var. orig. by, 476

Budd, 410

Budd, Prof. J. L., life of, 145; quoted, 145, 269; var. orig. by, 145, 362, 471

Buel, 411

Buel, Judge, var. orig. by, 256

Buel’s Favorite; Buel’s Liebling’s Zwetsche (syns. of Buel), 411

Buffalo Bill, 411

Buhl-Eltershofen, 411

Buhl-Eltershofen Zwetsche (syn. of Buhl-Eltershofen), 411

Buhler, 411

Buhler’s Early Prune (syn. of Buhler), 411

Bulah No. 4, 411

Bulgaria, 411

Bulgarian, 411

Bullace (syn. of White Bullace), 373

Bullace (syn. of Damson), 186

Bullace group, 40

Bullesse (syn. of Black Bullace), 161

Bullman, 411

Bullock, Jesse, var. orig. by, 175

Bullock, 411

Bullock’s Heart (syn. of Bullock), 411

Bull Plum, 411

Bunker Hill, 411

Bunte Früh Pflaume, 411

Bunte Herzformige Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Bunter Perdrigon, 412

Buntfarbige Violette Pflaume (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Buon-Boccone (syn. of Catelano Giallo), 415

Burbank, 169

Burbank First, 412

Burbank, Luther, life of, 170-171; quoted, 76, 77, 95, 96, 146, 147, 333, 571; var. orig. by, 141, 142, 146, 147, 154, 170, 171, 179, 222, 225, 237, 257, 275, 285, 296, 297, 333, 337, 343, 354, 377, 393, 402, 416, 420, 421, 439, 446, 447, 450, 452, 461, 465, 467, 471, 473, 480, 483, 485, 491, 504, 518, 521, 539, 543, 547, 548, 559, 560, 571

Burbank’s First (syn. of Burbank First), 412

Burbank No. 1, 412

Burbank No. 2 (syn. of Abundance), 136

Burbank No. 3 (syn. of Late Blood), 480

Burbank No. 4 (syn. of Heikes), 460

Burbank No. 7, 412

Burbank No. 11, 412

Burbank × Redick, 412

Burbank’s Sultan (syn. of Occident), 295

Burchardt Gelbe Früh Zwetsche, 412

Burettes, 412

Burford, 412

Burgnon Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Burgunder Zwetsche (syn. of Burgundy Prune), 412

Burgundy Prune, 412

Burgundy Prune (syn. of Burgundy Prune), 412

Burlington Gage, 413

Burnet, 413

Burrettes (syn. of Burettes), 412

Bursoto, 413

Burwood (syn. of Emerald), 442

Bury Seedling (syn. of Golden Drop), 228

Bush; Bush Plum of Kent (syns. of Kent), 476

Byefield, 413

Caddo Chief, 413

Caldwell Golden Drop, 413

Caldwell’s Golden Drop (syn. of Caldwell Golden Drop), 413

Caldwell’s White Gage (syn. of Caldwell White Gage), 413

Caldwell White Gage, 413

Caledonian (syn. of Dove Bank, 435; of Goliath, 231; of Nectarine, 231; of Peach, 309)

California (syn. of Agen), 138

California, 413

California Seedling; Cal. Seedling (syns. of California), 413

Calvels Pfirschenpflaume (syn. of Peach), 309

Cambell, 414

Cambell’s Seedling (syn. of Cambell), 414

Camp, Charles B., var. orig. by, 478

Campbell, 414

Canada Blue, 414

Canada Egg (syn. of Canada Orleans), 414

Canada Orleans, 414

Canadian Apricot, 414

Canawa (syn. of Kanawha), 474

Candelaria, 414

Candelaria Prune (syn. of Candelaria), 414

Cant’s Late Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Caper, 414

Capitaine Kirchhof, 414

Capitaine Kirckhof or Kirckkof (syns. of Capitaine Kirchhof), 414

Captain, 414

Capt. Bacon, 415

Capt. Watrous, 415

Caradeuc (syn. of De Caradeuc), 188

Caro, 415

Caroline, 415

Carpenter, 415

Carrière, quoted, 336

Carson, 415

Carstesen, H. P., var. orig. by, 415

Carstesen, 415

Cartier, Jacques, quoted, 70

Carver, 415

Castelane; Castellan (syns. of Early Yellow), 203

Catalana Propria, 415

Catalana-Susina (syn. of Catalano), 415

Catalana Toscana (syn. of Catalana Propria), 415

Catalane; Catalonia; Catalonian; Catalonische Kricke or Pflaume; Catalonischer Spilling (syns. of Early Yellow), 203

Catalano, 415

Catelana Morella (syn. of Catelano Violaceo), 416

Catelane (syn. of Catalano), 415

Catelane Giallo, 415

Catelano Violaceo, 416

Catharinenpflaume (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Catharinenpflaume von Schenectady (syn. of Schenectady), 540

Catherine, 416

Catherine (Prune de Ste.) (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Catherine violette (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Cavel’s Pfirschenpflaume (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Cel, 416

Centennial, 416

Centralia, 416

Cerasus nigra, 69

Cerasus umbellata, 78

Cerasus pubescens, 92

Cerise; Cerisette; Cerisette Blanche; Cerizette (syns. of Myrobalan), 290

Cerisette Blanche (syn. of Gelbe Kirschpflaume, 450; of Early Yellow, 203)

Cernay Perdrigon (syn. of Perdrigon of Cernay), 514

Cernay Perdrigon (syn. of Cerney Perdrigon), 416

Cerney Perdrigon, 416

Ceur de Beuf, 416

Chabardin, M., var. orig. by, 456

Chabot (syn. of Chabot), 172

Chabot, 172

Chabot Blood, 416

Chalco, 174

Chambourcy, 174

Champion, 175

Champion, 416

Champion Prune (syn. of Champion), 175

Chancellor Gage, 416

Chapin, Aaron, var. orig. by, 416

Chapin, 416

Chapin’s Early (syn. of Howell), 465

Chapman, var. orig. by, 367

Chapman’s Prince of Wales; Chapman’s Prince of Wales’ Plum (syns. of Wales), 366

Chariot, 417

Charity Clark, 417

Charles Downing (syn. of Downing), 193

Charlotte (syn. of Charlotte), 417

Charlotte, 417

Charmer, 417

Chase (syn. of Abundance), 136

Chautauqua, 417

Chauviere, M., var. orig. by, 417

Chauviere, 417

Cheney, 176

Cheresoto, 417

Cherokee, 417

Cherry, 417

Cherry (syn. of Cheney, 176; of Myrobalan, 290; of Queen Mother, 522)

Cherry Plum (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Chester, 417

Chester County Prune, 418

Chestnut, 418

Cheston; Cheston Matchless; Cheston’s Plumb (syns. of Violet Diaper), 365

Chicasaw Chief (syn. of Miner), 281

Chickasaw (syn. of Scioto), 541

Chicrigland, 418

Chili (syn. of Pond), 314

Chinook, 418

Chippewa, 418

Chippeway (syn. of Chippewa), 418

Choptank, 418

Christian, 418

Christie, 418

Christ’s Damascene (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Churchill, 419

Chypre, 418

Cinnamon, 419

Cire (syn. of Wax), 562

Ciriselle (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Cistena, 419

City, 419

Clairac Mammoth (syn. of Imperial Epineuse), 250

Clara, 419

Clarendon, 419

Clark, Thomas, var. orig. by, 522

Clark, 419

Claudia (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Cleavinger, 419

Cleveland, 419

Clifford, Mrs., var. orig. by, 420

Clifford, 419

Climate, effects of, 101-109

Climax, 178

Climax’s Brother, 420

Clingstone Wolf (syn. of Wolf Clingstone), 567

Cling Stem, 179

Clinton, 420

Cloth of Gold; Cloth of Gold Plum (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Cloth of Gold; Cloth of Gold Esperen (syn. of Esperen), 206

Cluck, 420

Cluck, George, var. orig. by, 420

Cluster (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Cluster, 420

Cluster Damson (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Clyman, 180

Clyman, Mrs. Hannah, var. orig. by, 184

Cochet, 420

Cochet Pére; Cochets Pflaume (syns. of Cochet), 420

Coe (syn. of Golden Drop), 228

Coe, Jervaise, var. orig. by, 229.

Coe à Fruit Violet (syn. of Coe Violet), 420

Coe Golden Drop (syn. of Golden Drop), 228

Coe (Pr. de); Coe’s; Coe’s Golden Drop; Coe’s Golden Drop Plum; Coe’s Imperial; Coe’s Plum; Coe’s Rotgefleckte Pflaume; Coe’s Rothgefleckte Pflaume; Coe’s Seedling (syns. of Golden Drop), 228

Coe’s Fine Late Red (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Coe’s Golden Drop Violette (syn. of Coe Violet), 420

Coe’s Late Red (syn. of Saint Martin Quetsche), 538

Coe’s Late Red (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Coë’s sehr späte rothe Pflaume (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Coe Violette; Coe’s Violet; Coe’s Violette (syns. of Coe Violet), 420

Coe Violet, 420

Coeur de Boeuf, 420

Coeur de Pigeon (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Coferer, 421

Coferers (syn. of Coferer), 421

Coinage, 421

Col. Wetherell (syn. of Wetherell), 563

Col. Young’s Seedling (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Coletta, 421

Coleus, 421

Collman (syn. of Colman), 421

Collo-Torto (syn. of Basaricatta), 399

Colman, 421

Colonel Bryan (syn. of Bryan), 410

Colonel or Col. Wilder (syns. of Wilder), 565

Colorado (syn. of Colorado Queen), 421

Colorado Queen, 421

Columbia, 181

Columbia (syn. of Captain), 414

Columbia Gage; Columbia Pflaume; Columbian Gage (syns. of Columbia), 181

Columella, quoted, 28, 36

Combination, 421

Comfort, 421

Common Blue Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Common Damson (syn. of Damson, 186; of Winter Damson, 567)

Common Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

Common Quetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Common Saint Julien (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Common Sloe (syn. of Sloe), 544

Communia, 421

Compass, 422

Compass, 182

Compass Cherry (syn. of Compass), 182

Compass Cherry (syn. of Compass), 422

Compote d’Automne (syn. of Autumn Compote), 153

Comptine, 422

Comte Gustavo d’Egger, 422

Consul, 422

Cope, John, var. orig. by, 423

Cooch, 422

Cooch, var. orig. by, 422

Cook, 422

Cook (syn. of Cook Choice), 422

Cook Choice, 422

Cook’s Choice; Cook’s Favorite (syns. of Cook Choice), 422

Cook’s Early (syn. of Cook), 422

Cooper, 422

Cooper, Joseph, var. orig. by, 423

Cooper’s (syn. of Smith Orleans), 348

Cooper’s (syn. of Cooper), 423

Cooper’s Blue Gage (syn. of Early Blue), 438

Cooper’s Grosse Pflaume (syn. of Cooper), 423

Cooper’s Grosse Rothe Zwetsche (syn. of Cooper), 423

Cooper’s Large (syn. of Cooper, 423; of Golden Drop, 228; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Cooper’s Large American (syn. of Cooper), 423

Cooper’s Large Red (syn. of Cooper, 423; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Cooper’s Large Red American (syn. of Cooper), 423

Coopers Plum (syn. of Cooper), 423

Cooper’s Plum (syn. of Cooper), 423

Cooper’s Red (syn. of Cooper, 423; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Cope, 423

Cope’s Seedling (syn. of Cope), 423

Copper (syn. of Copper, 183; of Richland, 531)

Copper, 183

Copper Plum (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Cornell, J. R., quoted, 244

Cornemuse, 423

Corse, Henry, var. orig. by, 391, 432, 445, 453, 455, 507, 532, 540, 557, 563

Corse’s Admiral (syn. of Admiral), 391

Corse’s Dictator (syn. of Dictator), 432

Corse’s Field Marshal; Corse’s Field Marshall (syns. of Field Marshall), 445

Corse’s Great Bearer (syn. of Great Bearer), 455

Corse’s Nota Bena or Nota Bene (syn. of Nota Bene), 507

Corse’s Rising Sun (syn. of Rising Sun), 532

Corse’s Sauvageon (syn. of Sauvageon), 539

Corse’s Twins (syn. of Twins), 557

Corymbus, 423

Cottrell, 423

Cottrell, R. T., var. orig. by, 423

Couetch; Couetche; Couetsche (syns. of German Prune), 219

Couetsche d’Italie; Couetsche Fellenberg (syns. of Italian Prune), 253

Couetsche Ordinaire (syn. of German Prune), 219

Couetsche Précoce; Couetsche Précoce La Vraie (syns. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

Couler, 423

Couler, William, var. orig. by, 423

Coulommiers, 423

Coulommiers Pflaume (syn. of Coulommiers), 423

Coulon Reine Claude, 423

Coulon’s Reine Claude (syn. of Coulon Reine Claude), 423

Coul Orleans, 423

Count Althann’s Gage (syn. of Altham), 141

Court Royal, 424

Cover-crops, value of, 121

Covetche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Covetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Cowles, E. D., var. orig. by, 516

Cowperthwait Green Gage, 424

Cox, Mrs., var. orig. by, 424

Cox, 424

Coxe, William, quoted, 25

Cox’s Emperor (syn. of Denbigh), 430

Cox’s Seedling (syn. of Cox), 424

Crable, 424

Craig, 424

Crescent, 424

Crescent City (syn. of Crescent), 424

Crimson, 424

Crimson Beauty, 424

Crimson Drop, 424

Crittenden, 184

Crittenden, James, var. orig. by, 184

Crittenden’s Damson (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Crittenden’s Prolific; Crittenden’s Prolific Damson (syns. of Crittenden), 184

Croft Early, 424

Croft’s Early (syn. of Croft Early), 424

Cross, var. orig. by, 438

Cross-bred Prune A.P.-318 (syn. of Splendor), 547

Cruger, Henry, var. orig. by, 424

Cruger Scarlet, 424

Cruger’s; Cruger’s Früh Pflaume, Plum, Rote Pflaume, Scarlet, Scarlet Gage, or Seedling (syns. of Cruger Scarlet), 424

Csaszar Sziloa, 425

Culberson, 425

Cumberland, 425

Curlew, 425

Curry, 425

Curry, S. L., var. orig. by, 425

Cyca Mono, 425

Cyclone, 425

Cydemarine, 425

Cyprian (syn. of Chypre), 418

Cyprische Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Czar, 184

D’Abricot of Streets of Paris (syn. of Peach), 309

D’Agen (syn. of Agen), 138

D’Agen Ameliorée (syn. of Ameliorée), 394

D’Agen Dorée (syn. of Dorée), 434

Dahlgreen, 425

Daisy, 425

Dakota, 425

D’Allemagne (syn. of German Prune), 219

Dalrymple, 426

Dalrymple Damson (syn. of Dalrymple), 426

D’Altesse Blanche (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Damas Ambre, 426

Damas Aubert (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Damas-Ballon Jaune (syn. of Ballonartige Gelbe Zwetsche), 398

Damas-Ballon Rouge (syn. of Ballonartige Rote Damascene), 398

Damas-Ballon Panachée Variete (syn. of Ballonartige Gelbe Zwetsche), 398

Damas Blanc, Blanc Gros, Blanc Hâtif Gros, Blanc Tres Hâtif (syns. of Large White Damson), 480

Damas blanc petit (syn. of Small White Damson), 544

Damas Commun (syn. of Damson), 186

Damas de Dieffenbach (syn. of Damas de Diffenbach), 426

Damas de Diffenbach, 426

Damas de Leipsick (syn. of Frühe Leipziger Damascene), 448

Damas de Mangeron; Damas de Mangeron, de Maugeron, de Maugerou; or de Maugiron, Damascene Maugeron, von Mangeron or von Maugeron (syns. of Maugeron), 492

Damas de Provence, 426

Damas de Provence or de Provence Hâtif (syns. of Damas de Provence), 426

Damas de Septembre (syn. of Perdrigon Tardif, 515; of September Damask, 542)

Damas d’Espagne (syn. of Spanish Damask), 546

Damas d’Ete, 426

Damas de Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Damas de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Damas de Tours or de Tours Gros (syns. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Damas de Valence (syn. of Valence), 557

Damas d’Hiver (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Damas d’Italie (syn. of Italian Damask), 470

Damas d’Onderka (syn. of Onderka Damascene), 509

Damas Dronet, 426

Damas Dronet (syn. of Damas Dronet), 426

Damas Dronet de Merlet, 427

Damas Fin (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Damas Gris (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Damas Gros (syn. of German Prune), 219

Damas gros de Tours (syn. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Damas Hâtif (syn. of Morocco), 288

Damas Jaune (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Damas Jaune Musque, 427

Damas Jaune Tardif de Koch (syn. of Koch späte Damascene), 477

Damas Lawson (syn. of Lawson), 482

Damas Long (syn. of German Prune), 219

Damas Musque (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Damas Noir (syn. of Morocco), 288

Damas noir (syn. of Late Black Damson), 480

Damas Noir (syn. of Damson), 186

Damas Noir de Dieffenbach (syn. of Damas de Diffenbach), 426

Damas Noir de Tours, 427

Damas Noir Hâtif (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Damas Noir Hatif (syn. of Morocco), 288

Damas Noir Tardif (syn. of Late Black Damson), 480

Damas Précoce de Rivers (syn. of Rivers Early), 532

Damas Rouge (syn. of Orleans), 302

Damas Rouge de Biondeck, 427

Damas Rouge de Friedheim (syn. of Friedheim Damascene), 448

Damas Rouge de Mayer or de Moyer (syns. of Mayers Rothe Damascene), 493

Damas Rouge Hâtif, 427

Damas Rouge Hâtif (syn. of Damas Rouge Hâtif), 427

Damas rouge tardif (syn. of Late Red Damask), 481

Damas Tardif de Kock (syn. of Koch Späte Damascene), 477

Damas Verd or Vert (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Damas Vert (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Damas Violet, 427

Damas Violet (syn. of Damas Violet, 427; of German Prune, 219; of Maugeron, 492; of Orleans, 302; of Queen Mother, 522)

Damas Violet Allonge (syn. of Lange Violette Damascene), 479

Damas Violet Gros (syn. of German Prune), 219

Damas Violet Longuet (syn. of Lange Violette Damascene), 479

Damas Violet of Tours (syn. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Damas Violet Tardif (syn. of Damas Violet), 427

Damascena Armeniaca or Armeniacea (syns. of Mirabelle), 284

Damascena Dominicalis Praecox (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Damascena Schamali (syn. of Schamal), 540

Damascene (syn. of Damson), 186

Damascene (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Damascene Maugeron, von Mangeron or von Maugeron (syns. of Maugeron), 492

Damascenen Mirabelle (syn. of Small White Damson), 544

Damaschino d’Estate (syn. of Damaschino Estivo), 426

Damaschino Estivo, 426

Damaschino Settembrino, 426

Damascus (syn. of Damson), 186

Damasine (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Damasine (syn. of Rote Mirabelle), 533

Damask (syn. of German Prune), 219

Damask Violet (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Damask of Provence (syn. of Damas de Provence), 426

Damasquinée (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Damatie Rouge, 427

Dame Ambert, Ambert Blanche or Ambert Jaune, Aubert, Aubert Blanche, Aubert Grosse Luisante, or Aubert Jaune (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Dame Aubert, Aubert Rouge or Aubert Violette (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Dame Aubert Jaune (syn. of Aubert), 397

Dame Aubert Rouge (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Dame-Aubert Rouge (syn. of Blue Egg), 405

Dame Aubert Violet (syn. of Duane), 196

D’Amerique Rouge (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Damson (syn. of Damson, 186; of Winter Damson, 567)

Damson, 185

Damson Cluster (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Damson group, description of, 39-40

Damson Plum (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Damson Riley, 427

Damson Royal, 427

Damson Winter (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Dana, Rev., var. orig. by, 428

Dana’s Gage; Dana’s Yellow Gage (syns. of Dana Yellow Gage), 428

Dana Yellow Gage, 427

Daniel, Dr., var. orig. by, 428

Daniel Weeping, 428

Danish Damson, 428

Dark Blue Egg (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Darst, 428

Darst, var. orig. by, 428

Darwin Peach (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Das Blaue Auge (syn. of Lange Violette Damascene), 479

D’Ast (syn. of Agen), 138

Date, 428

Date (syn. of Agen), 138

Date de Hongrie; Date Plum; Datte de Hongrie or Hungrie; Datte Violette; Dattelzwetsche (syns. of Hungarian), 246

Date Plum (syn. of Date), 428

Datilles, 428

Datte Hongroise Jaune, 428

Datte Jaune (syn. of Weisse Kaiserin), 563

Dattel Pflaume or Zwetsche (syns. of Red Date), 322

Dattelpflaumen; Dattelzwetsche (syns. of Date), 428

Datte Verte (syn. of Grüne Dattel Zwetsche), 456

Datte Violette (syn. of Agen), 138

Dauphin (syn. of Victoria), 363

Dauphin (syn. of Sharp), 340

Dauphin à Fleurs doubles; Dauphin à Fleurs semi-doubles (syns. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Dauphine, 428

Dauphine; Dauphiny (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

D’Automne de Schamal (syn. of Schamal), 540

D’Autriche (syn. of Hungarian), 246

D’Autriche (syn. of Date), 428

Davenport, 429

Davies Seedling, 429

Davies’ Seedling (syn. of Davies Seedling), 429

Davis, 429

D’Avoine (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Dawson, 186, 429

Dawson, P. P., var. orig. by, 187

Dawson City, 429

Dawson Seedling (syn. of Dawson), 186

De Bavay (syn. of Bavay), 155

De Besançon (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

De Bordeaux (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

De Briançon (syn. of Briançon), 409

De Briancon (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

De Brignole (syn. of Agen), 138

DeCaisne, 187

Decaisnes Pflaume (syn. of DeCaisne), 187

De Caradeuc, 188

De Caradeuc, A., var. orig. by, 188

De Catalogue (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

De Chypre (syn. of Chypre, 418; of Red Diaper, 323; of Musk Damson, 501)

De Coe (syn. of Golden Drop), 228

De Délice, 429

De Deux Saison (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

De Gisborne (syn. of Gisborne), 451

De Gondin, 430

De Jerusalem (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

De Kirke (syn. of Kirke), 260

De la Toussaint, 430

De la Saint-Martin (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Delaware, 430

De l’Inde, 430

De Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

De Mitchelson (syn. of Mitchelson), 498

De Monsieur (syn. of Yellow Egg, 386; Early Tours, 202; Orleans, 302; Early Orleans, 198)

De Monsieur Hâtive (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

De Monsieur Jaune (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

De Montfort, 430

De Montmirail, 430

De Pologne (syn. of Quetsche Dr. Létricourt), 524

De Pontbriant (syn. of Pontbriant), 517

De Prince (syn. of Norbert), 505

De Prince (en Lorraine) (syn. of De Seigneur), 431

De Reizeinstein (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

De Sainte-Catherine (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

De Seigneur, 431

De Soto, 189

De Soto × Oregon No. 3 (syn. of Ames), 144

De Virginie (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

De Wangenheim (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

De Wolf, M. J., var. orig. by, 498

Dean, 429

Deane, Samuel, D. D., quoted, 21, 38

Dean’s Jedburgh Seedling (syn. of Dean), 429

Deaton, 429

Deck, 429

Decks Damson (syn. of Deck), 429

Decker, 429

Decker, H. C., var. orig. by, 429

Decker’s Late Seedling (syn. of Decker), 429

Decker’s Seedling (syn. of Decker), 429

Deep Creek, 429

Deepcreek (syn. of Deep Creek), 429

Defresne, 430

Denbigh, 430

Denbigh-Pflaume; Denbigh Seedling; Denbigh (syns. of Denbigh), 430

Dennie (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Dennis, 431

Dennison’s Red; Denniston’s Red; Denniston’s Rote Pflaume (syns. of Denniston Red), 431

Dennison’s Superb (syn. of Denniston Superb), 431

Dennis Seedling No. 13, 431

Denniston, Isaac, var. orig. by, 393, 411, 431, 478, 500

Denniston Red, 431

Denniston’s Albany or Albany Beauty (syns. of Albany Beauty), 392

Denniston Superb, 431

Denniston’s Superb or Superb Gage (syns. of Denniston Superb), 431

D’Ente (syn. of Lot d’Ente), 486

D’Ente; D’Ente d’Agen (syns. of Agen), 138

D’Ente Impériale, 431

Denton, 431

Denyer’s Victoria (syn. of Sharp, 340; of Victoria, 363)

Der blaue Rebhuhn aus der Normandie (syn. of Normand Perdrigon), 505

Der Bunter Perdrigon (syn. of Bunter Perdrigon), 412

Derbyshire Green Gage, 431

Deron, 431

Deron’s (syn. of Deron), 431

Des Béjonnières (syn. of Béjonnières), 157

Des Burettes (syn. of Burettes), 412

Des Moines, 431

Deutsche Blaue Herbstzwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Deux fois l’an (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Dewey, 432

Diademe; Diademe Imperial or Imperiale (syns. of Red Diaper), 323

Diademe Imperial-Isabelle, 432

Diamant; Diamantpflaume (syns. of Diamond), 191

Diamant; Diamantpflaume (syns. of Pond), 314

Diamond, 191, 432

Diamond, var. orig. by, 191

Diana, 432

Diaper; Diaper Rouge; Diapre Rouge, Diaprea rubra; Diaprée de Roche Corbon; Diaprée Rouge (syns. of Red Diaper), 323

Diaper’d Plumb (syn. of Diaprée Blanche), 432

Diaphane (syn. of Transparent), 360

Diaphane Laffay (syn. of Transparent), 360

Diapre Blanc (syn. of White Diaper), 564

Diaprée Blanche; Diaprée Weisse (syns. of Diaprée Blanche), 432

Diaprée Blanche (syn. of White Diaper, 564; of White Perdrigon, 375)

Diaprée Blanche, 432

Diaprée noire; Diapre Violet; Diaprée Violette (syns. of Violet Diaper), 365

Diapree Nouvelle De Kook, 432

Dictator, 432

Die Abrikosenartige Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Die Albertus Damenpflaume (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Die Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Red Apricot), 321

Die Bischofsmütze (syn. of Bonnet d’Eveque), 407

Die Blaue Dattelpflaume (syn. of Agen), 138

Die Blutfarbege Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Die Brisette (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Die Brustwarzenpflaume (syn. of Mamelonnée), 489

Die Damascenerpflaume von Maugeron (syn. of Maugeron), 492

Die Damaskpflaume aus Spanien (syn. of Spanish Damask), 546

Die Durchsichtige (syn. of Transparente), 555

Die frühe Pflaume von Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Die Gartenzwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Maraichère), 524

Die gelbe frühzeitige Pflaume (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Die grosse indianische braunrothe Pflaume (syn. of Indian), 468

Die grosse Königin Claudiapflaume, die grüne Abrikose (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Die grosse Königin Klaudia Pflaume mit halbgefullter Bluthe (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Die grosse rothe Feigenpflaume (syn. of Red Date), 322

Die grosse Weisse Glanzende (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Die grüne herzförmige Pflaume (syn. of Grüne Herzformige), 456

Die Hauszwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Die Herrnpflaume (syn. of Orleans), 302

Die Hyacinthenpflaume (syn. of Jacinthe), 471

Die Isabelle (syn. of Isabella), 469

Die Kaiserliche veilchenfarbige Pflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Die Kaiserliche Weisse Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Die kleine Königin Claudia (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Die kleine langlichte Damaskuspflaume (syn. of Damas Dronet), 426

Die kleine Zwergpflaume (syn. of Zwergpflaume), 571

Die Kleine Weisse Damascenerpflaume (syn. of Small White Damson), 544

Die Königin (syn. of Mayer Konigspflaume), 493

Die Königin Klaudia (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Die Königliche grosse Pflaume (syn. of Royal), 534

Die königliche Pflaume von Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Die lange, grüne und grosses welsche Pflaume? (syn. of Quetsche Verte D’Italie), 525

Die Morillenpflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Die musquat Damaskuspflaume (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Die Pflaume aus Cypern (syn. of Chypre), 418

Die Pflaume ohne Stein (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Die Rothe Eierflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Die Rothe Eierflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Die Rothe Kaiserpflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Die rothe Rebhuhnpflaume (syn. of Red Perdrigon), 528

Die Scanarda (syn. of Scanarda), 540

Die späte oder September Damaskpflaume (syn. of September Damask), 542

Die Valienciennes (syn. of Valienciennes), 558

Die veilchenfarbige Birnpflaume (syn. of Pear Plum), 513

Die veilchenfarbige Damascenerpflaume (syn. of Damas Violet), 427

Die Veischenfarbige Kaiserinnpflaume (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Die violete Kaiserpflaume mit scheckichten Blattern (syn. of Imperial Violet), 467

Die Violette Diaprée (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Die Violette Kaiserpflaume (syn. of Violet Imperial), 559

Die Violette Königin Claudia (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Die Violette Königin Claudie (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Die Violette oder Blaue Reneclode (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Die Violette oder Blaue Renoclode (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Die wälsche Damascene pflaume (syn. of Italian Damask), 470

Die Wangenheim (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

Die Weisse Buntfarbige Pflaume (syn. of Diaprée Blanche), 432

Die weisse Duranzen pflaume (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

Die Weisse Kaiserinnpflaume; Die Weisse Kaiserpflaume (syns. of White Imperatrice), 375

Die Zuckersüsse (syn. of Trauttenberg), 555

Dieffenbachs Damascene; Dieffenbachs Schwarze Damascene (syn. of Damas de Diffenbach), 426

Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene, 432

Diel’s August Zwetsche (syn. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

Diels Königpflaume or Diel’s Königspflaume (syns. of Royal Tours), 332

Diffenbachs Damascene (syn. of Damas de Diffenbach), 426

Dine, 433

D’Italie (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Dittisham, 433

Dixie, 433

Dobrowitzer Frühzwetsche (syn. of Quetsche de Dobrowitz), 523

Dochnahl Damascene, 433

Dochnahl’s Königs Pflaume (syn. of Dochnahl Damascene), 433

Dodd, William, var. orig. by, 282

D’OEuf; D’OEuf Blanche (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

D’Oeuf Violette (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Dojene, 433

Doles, A. H., var. orig. by, 519

Dollaner, 433

Dollaner Zwetsche (syn. of Dollaner), 433

Dolphin (syn. of Sharp, 340; of Victoria, 363)

Domina, 433

Domine Dull, 433

Domine Dull’s; Domine Dull’s Plum (syns. of Domine Dull), 433

Domino (syn. of Domina), 433

Don, 433

Don Alteza, 433

Donauers Zusammen Gedrückte Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Aplatie), 523

Don Carlos, 433

Don Carlos’ (syn. of Don Carlos), 433

Doppelte Mirabelle (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Dora, 433

Dorée, 434

Dorée de Lawson (syn. of Lawson), 482

Dorell, 434

Dorell, Dr., var. orig. by, 434, 520

Dorell Aprikosenpflaume, 434

Dorell’s Neue Aprikosen Pflaume (syn. of Dorell Aprikosenpflaume), 434

Dorelle’s Neue Grosse Zwetsche or New Purple Prune; Dorells grosse neue Zwetsche, or Grosse Zwetsche, or Neue Grosse Zwetsche; Dorell’s Neue Purpur Zwetsche; Dorrel (syns. of Dorell), 434

Dörell’s Grosse Ungarische Pflaume (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Dorell’s Neue Weisse Diaprée (syn. of Wahre Weisse Diaprée), 561

Doris, 434

Dorr, 434

Dorr, Elisha, var. orig. by, 461, 464, 562

Dorr Seedling, 434

Dorr’s Favorite (syn. of Dorr, 434; of Pond, 314)

Dorsett, 434

Dosch, 435

Dosch, Henry E., var. orig. by, 435

Double, 435

Double Blackpruim (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Double-blossomed; Double-blossomed Plum (syns. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Double Beurre Witte? (syn. of White Virginal), 565

Double Drap d’Or (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Double Flowering Gage, 192

Double Imperial Gage (syn. of Washington), 368

Double Mirabelle (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Double Plum, 435

Dougall, James, var. orig. by, 435

Dougall Best, 435

Dougall’s Best (syn. of Dougall Best), 435

Douglas (syn. of Abundance), 136

Douglas (syn. of Chabot), 172

Douglass, 435

Dove Bank, 435

Dowling, Henry, var. orig. by, 395, 548, 567

Downing, A. J., quoted, 519; var. orig. by, 443

Downing, 193

Downing Early, 435

Downing’s Early (syn. of Downing Early), 435

Downton Impératrice, 435

Downton’s Kaiserin; Downtoner Kaiserin (syns. of Downton Impératrice), 435

Drake, George, var. orig. by, 436

Drake Seedling, 436

Drake’s Seedling (syn. of Drake Seedling), 436

Drap d’Or (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Drap d’Or (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Drap d’Or, 194

Drap d’Or d’Esperen; Esperen, of Esperen, or of Esperin (syns. of Esperen), 206

Drap d’Or Pflaume (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Dr. Dennis (syn. of Dennis), 431

Dronet Damask (syn. of Damas Dronet), 426

Drouth King, 436

Dr. Uff, 436

Dr. Uff Szilvaja, 436

Dry, var. orig. by, 436

Dry Seedling, 436

Dry’s Seedling (syn. of Dry Seedling), 436

Dschau Erik (syn. of Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene), 432

Duane, 196

Duane, James, var. orig. by, 197

Duane’s French Purple, Large Orleans, Large Purple, or Purple French (syns. of Duane), 196

Duane’s Purple (syn. of Duane, 196; of Peach, 309; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Duboise, var. orig. by, 216

Duc d’Edinbourg (syn. of Duke of Edinburgh), 436

Duc de Waterloo (syn. of Waterloo Pflaume), 561

Duke, 436

Duke of Devonshire, 436

Duke of Edinburgh, 436

Dull, var. orig. by, 433

Dumberline, 436

Dumiron, 437

Dummer, 436

Dummer, var. orig. by, 437

Dunkelblaue Eierpflaume (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Dunkelblaue Kaiserin, 437

Dunlap, 437

Dunlap, J. P., var. orig. by, 437

Dunlap (syn. of Dunlap No. 1), 437

Dunlap (No. 1) (syn. of Dunlap No. 1), 437

Dunlap No. 1, 437

Dunlap No. 2 (syn. of Dunlap), 437

Dunlap’s No. 1 (syn. of Dunlap No. 1), 194

Dunlap’s No. 2 (syn. of Dunlap), 437

Dunlop, W. W., var. orig. by, 499, 500

Dunlop Nut, 437

Dunlop 53 (syn. of Raynes), 526

Dunlop 54 (syn. of Mount Royal), 500

Dunmore, 437

Dumore (syn. of Dunmore), 437

Dupuis, August, var. orig. by, 394

Durand, var. orig. by, 187

Durazen Zwetsche, 437

Durchscheinende Reineclaude (syn. of Transparent), 360

Durchsichtige (syn. of Transparente), 555

Durham, Miss, var. orig. by, 287

Du Roi (syn. of Agen), 138

Du Roi (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Dutch Plum or Plumb (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Dutch Prune (syn. of Domine Dull, 433; of German Prune, 219)

Dutch Quetszen (syn. of Domine Dull), 433

Dymond (syn. of Diamond), 191

Eagle, 437

Earley’s November (syn. of Black Bullace), 161

Earliest of All (syn. of Earliest of All), 198

Earliest of All, 198

Early, 437

Early Amber, 437

Early Apricot (syn. of Early Transparent Gage), 440

Early Apricot, 437

Early Apricot Plum (syn. of Early Apricot), 437

Early Bavay (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Early Black Damask (syn. of Morocco), 288

Early Black Morocco (syn. of Morocco), 288

Early Blue, 438

Early Blue (syn. of Early Blue), 438

Early Bradshaw (syn. of Gerishes Seedling, 451; of Field, 208)

Early Cherry, 438

Early Cluster, 438

Early Cross, 438

Early Damask (syn. of Morocco), 288

Early Damask of Provence (syn. of Damas de Provence), 426

Early Damson (syn. of Damson, 186; of Horse, 464; of Morocco, 288; of Winter Damson, 567)

Early Damson (syn. of Morocco), 288

Early de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Early Favorite, 438

Early Favorite, or Favourite (syns. of Early Favorite), 438

Early Forcing (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Early Fruchtbare (syn. of Early Rivers), 200

Early Genesee (syn. of Henrietta Gage), 461

Early Genesee, 438

Early Golden (syn. of Early Golden Drop), 438

Early Golden Drop, 438

Early Green (syn. of Emerald), 442

Early Green Gage? (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Early Honey, 439

Early John (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Early Large Black (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Early Minnesota, 439

Early Mirabelle, 439

Early Monsieur (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Early Morocco (syn. of Morocco), 288

Early Normandy, 439

Early Orleans (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Early Orleans, 198

Early Pale, 439

Early Pear, 439

Early Perdrigon, 439

Early Prolific (syn. of Early Rivers), 200

Early Purple (syn. of Howell), 465

Early Red, 439, 440

Early Red Primordian (syn. of Red Primordian), 528

Early Red Russian; Early Red Russian No. 3 (syns. of Early Red), 440

Early Rivers (syn. of Early Rivers), 200

Early Rivers, 200

Early Royal, 201

Early Royal (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Early Royal of Nikita (syn. of Early Royal of Nikita), 440

Early Royal of Nikita, 440

Early Russian (syn. of German Prune), 219

Early Scarlet (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Early Six Weeks (syn. of Six Weeks), 544

Early St. John, 440

Early Tours, 202

Early Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Early Transparent; Early Transparent Gage (syns. of Early Transparent Gage), 440

Early Transparent Gage, 440

Early Violet (syn. of Early Tours, 202; of Violet, 559)

Early White Plum (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Early Yellow, 203

Early Yellow (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Early Yellow Gage, 440

Early Yellow Prune, 440

Eason, 441

Eberly, 441

Eberly’s Plum (syn. of Eberly), 441

Ebert, Madame, var. orig. by, 430

Ebon, 441

Echte Gelbe Eier Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Echte Grosse Reine-Claude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Echte Hafer Pflaume or Zwetsche (syns. of Haferpflaume), 458

Eckenholm, M. Brahay, var. orig. by, 408

Ecully, 441

Eddie, 441

Edith, 441

Edith of Terry (syn. of Julia), 473

Edle Early, 441

Edle Frühpflaume (syn. of Edle Early), 441

Edle Gelbe Eger Pflaume; Edle Gelbe Eier Pflaume (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Edle Königs Pflaume (syn. of Valienciennes), 558

Edouard Seneclauze, 441

Eggles, 441

Egg Plum (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Egger’sche Eier Zwetsche (syn. of Comte Gustave d’Egger), 422

Eier Pflaume (syn. of Blue Egg, 405; of Yellow Egg, 386)

Eldora, 441

Eldorado, 441

Eldridge, 442

Elfreth’s Prune (syn. of Elfrey), 442

Elfrey, 442

Elfrey’s Prune; Elfry’s Plum (syns. of Elfrey), 442

Elisabeth Pflaume, 442

Elisabeth d’Elsner (syn. of Elisabeth Pflaume), 442

Ella, 442

Elliott, quoted, 256

Ellis, 442

Ellwood, 442

Elmore, 442

El Paso (syn. of Beaty), 400

Elsner Grüne Zwetsche, 442

Elsner’s Elisabeth Pflaume (syn. of Elisabeth Pflaume), 442

Elsner’s Von Gronow Grüne Zwetsche (syn. of Elsner Grüne Zwetsche), 442

Elton, 442

Elwood (syn. of Ellwood), 442

Emerald, 442

Emerald Drop, 443

Emerson, 443

Emerson’s Early (syn. of Emerson), 443

Emerson Yellow, 443

Emigrant, 443

Emily May, 443

Emma, 443

Empereur, 443

Empereur de Mas (syn. of Empereur), 443

Empereur de Sharp (syn. of Sharp), 340

Empereur du Japan (syn. of Emperor of Japan), 443

Emperor (syn. of Denbigh, 430; of Goliath, 231)

Emperor of Japan, 443

Emperor of Japan (syn. of Emperor of Japan), 443

Empire, 203

Empire State (syn. of Empire), 203

Empress (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Engre, 206

Engle, 443

Englebert, 204

Englebert (syn. of Englebert), 204

Englische Zwetsche (syn. of Large English), 262

English Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

English Pond’s Seedling (syn. of Pond), 314

English Pond’s Seedling (syn. of Duane), 196

English Wheat (syn. of Wheat), 563

English Yellow Gage (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Enkelde Backspruim; Enkelde Blackpruim (syns. of German Prune), 219

Epine noire (syn. of Sloe), 544

Erby September (syn. of Irby), 468

Esjum Erik, 443

Esperen, 206

Esperen’s Goldpflaume (syn. of Esperen), 206

Esperin, Major, var. orig. by, 156, 207

Essex Bullace, 444

Esslinger Frühzwetsche, 444

Esther, 444

Etendard d’ Angleterre (syn. of Standard), 548

Etopa, 444

Etta, 444

Eugen Fürst; Eugene Fürst (syns. of Fürst Damson), 448

Eugen Fürsts Frühzwetsche (syn. of Furst), 217

Eureka, 444

Eureka (syn. of Wickson), 376

European Cherry Plum (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Eva, 444

Evelyn, 444

Excelsior, 207

Excelsior Damson, 444

Exoascus, diseases caused by, 127, 128

Fairchild, 444

Fairchild, J. A., var. orig. by, 546

Fair’s Golden or Golden Drop (syn. of Golden Drop), 228

Farleigh Prolific (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Fancy, 445

Fanning, 445

Farleigh (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Farleigh Castle (syn. of Pond), 314

Farleigh Damson (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Fausse Altesse (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Favorite de Buel (syn. of Buel), 411

Favorite de Lawrence (syn. of Lawrence), 266

Favorite d’Howard (syn. of Howard), 464

Favorite Hâtive, Précoce, Précoce de Rivers (syns. of Early Favorite), 438

Favorite Pourpre (syn. of Purple Favorite), 521

Fawn, 445

Feine Damascene (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Feine Und Gute (syn. of Fine Bonté), 445

Fell, quoted, 387

Fellemberg (syn. of German Prune, 219; of Italian Prune, 253)

Fellenberg; Fellenberg Quetsche; Fellenberger Zwetsche; Fellenburg; Feltemberg (syns. of Italian Prune), 253

Femmons, Frank, var. orig. by, 445

Femmonzi, 445

Fertheringham (syn. of Belgian Purple), 157

Fertile Bleue (syn. of Blue Prolific), 406

Fertile Précoce (syn. of Early Rivers), 200

Fertilizers, use and value of, 121, 122

Field, 207

Field Marshall, 445

Figue Grosse Rouge, 445

Figue Grose Rouge (syn. of Red Date), 322

Figue Grosse Rouge (syn. of Red Date), 322

Fin de Siecle, 445

Fine Bonté, 445

Fine Early Plum, 445

Firba Königspflaume, 445

Firbas Frühe Schuttenhoferin, 446

First, 446

First Best, 446

First Sweet, 446

Fisher, J. E., var. orig. by, 365

Fitze, Charles G., var. orig. by, 274

Fitzhugh, William, quoted, 85

Fitzroy, 446

Flora Plena, 446

Florence (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Flotows Allerfrüheste Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle de Flotow), 497

Fluke, N. K., var. orig. by, 394, 429, 477

Flushing Bulleis, 446

Flushing Gage (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Foderingham; Foderingham Plum (syns. of Fotheringham), 212

Foliage Plum (syn. of Vesuvius), 559

Fondante Noire (syn. of Frühe Leipziger Damascene), 448

Fonthill (syn. of Pond), 314

Foote, 446

Foote, Asahel, var. orig. by, 440, 446

Foote’s Early Orleans (syn. of Foote), 446

Foote Golden Gage, 446

Forest Garden, 209

Forest Rose, 210

Forest Rose Improved, 447

Forewattamie, 447

Formosa, 447

Forward Damask, 447

Fotheringay (syn. of Fotheringham), 212

Fotheringham, 212

Fourth of July (syn. of Lovett), 486

Fourth of July (syn. of Marble), 490

Francfort Peach; Frankfurter Pfirschen Zwetsche (syns. of Frankfort Peach), 447

Frankfort Peach, 447

Frankfurter Pflaume (syn. of Rudolph), 536

Frankland, Thomas, var. orig. by, 396

Franklin, 447

Franklin (syn. of Washington), 368

Fraser, 447

Fraser, John, var. orig. by, 447

Fraser’s Early Yellow (syn. of Fraser), 447

Frauendorfer Frühe Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Précoce De Frauendorf), 524

Freeman, 212, 447

Freeman, var. orig. by, 212

Freeman’s Favorite (syn. of Freeman), 447

Free Silver (syn. of Terry), 552

Freestone, 213, 447, 448.

Freestone Damson (syn. of Freestone), 213

Freestone Goose, 448

Freestone Quetsche, 448

French, 214

French (syn. of Agen), 138

French Apricot (syn. of Apricot), 148

French Copper (syn. of Copper), 183

French Damson (syn. of French), 214

French Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

French Prune (syn. of Agen), 138

French Royal (syn. of Royal), 534

French St. Julien (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Freudenberger Früh Pflaume (syn. of Précoce de Freudenberg), 517

Friars (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Friar’s Plum (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Friedheim Damascene, 448

Friedheim’s Rote Früh Damascene (syn. of Friedheim Damascene), 448

Fritze Herrnpflaume, 448

Frogmore, 215

Frogmore Damson; Frogmore Prolific Damson (syns. of Frogmore), 215

Froment American (syn. of American Wheat), 395

Frost Gage, 216

Frost Plum (syn. of Frost Gage, 216; of White Damson, 374)

Frostproof, 448

Frühe Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Early Apricot), 437

Frühe Dattelzwetsche (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Frühe Englische Zwetsche, 448

Frühe Fruchtbare (syn. of Early Rivers), 200

Frühe Gelbe Kaiser Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Frühe Gelbe Kaiser Pflaume (syn. of Frühe Gelbe Reine Claude), 448

Frühe Gelbe Reine Claude, 448

Frühe Gelbe Reine Claude (syn. of Transparente), 555

Frühe Gemeine Zwetsche (syn. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

Frühe Grosse Schwarze Pflaume (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Frühe Grüne Zwetsche, 448

Frühe Haus Zwetsche (syn. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

Frühe Herrnpflaume (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Frühe Herrn Pflaume (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Frühe Herrnpflaume (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Frühe Herrnpflaume (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Frühe Herzogspflaume (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Frühe Königspflaume (syn. of Royale Hâtive de Liegel), 535

Frühe Königspflaume von Nikita (syn. of Early Royal of Nikita), 440

Frühe Leipziger Damascene, 448

Frühe Nikitaer Königspflaume (syn. of Early Royal of Nikita), 440

Frühe Platte Damascene (syn. of Morocco), 288

Frühe Reine-Claude (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Früher Perdrigon; Früher Violetter Perdrigon (syns. of Early Perdrigon), 439

Frühe Schwarze Pflaume (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Frühe Schwarze Pflaume (syn. of Morocco), 288

Frühe Treibzwetsche; Frühe Treib Zwetsche (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Frühe von Bergthold (syn. of Early Mirabelle), 439

Frühe Weisse Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene), 432

Frühe Zwetsche (syn. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

Früh Zwetsche (syn. of Red Date), 322

Frühzwetsche mit Silberblatt (syn. of Quetsche à feuille argentée), 523

Frühzwetsche von Buhlerthal (syn. of Quetsche Précoce de Buhlerthal), 524

Fuller, 448

Fuller’s Egg (syn. of Fuller), 448

Fulton, 448

Funk, 448

Funk, J. M., var. orig. by, 448

Funk’s Early (syn. of Funk), 448

Furst, 217

Fürst Damson, 448

Fürstenzeller Pflaume; Fürstenzeller Reine-Claude (syns. of Red Apricot), 321

Fürsten Zwetsche; Fürstenzwetsche (syns. of Imperatrice), 249

Fürst’s Damson (syn. of Fürst Damson), 448

Fürst’s Frühzwetsche (syn. of Furst), 217

Furugiya (syn. of Chabot), 172

Gabriel Combes, 449

Gage Verte (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Galbraith, 449

Galbraith, var. orig. by, 449

Gale, 449

Galena, 449

Gale Seedling (syn. of Gale), 449

Gale’s No. 3 (syn. of Gale), 449

Gallesio, quoted, 28

Galopin, 449

Galopin, M., var. orig. by, 564

Garden King, 449

Garfield, 449

Garlick, 450

Garlick’s Early (syn. of Garlick), 450

Garnet (syn. of Occident), 295

Garnet, 450

Garriel, var. orig. by, 351

Garten Pflaume or Zwetsche (syns. of Quetsche Maraichère), 524

Gates, 450

Gaunt, 450

Gaviota, 450

Gaylord, 450

Gaylord, Edson, var. orig. by, 395, 453

Gaylord Gold, 450

Gelbe Apricosenartige Pflaume; Gelbe Aprikosenpflaume; Gelbe Dauphins (syns. of Apricot), 148

Gelbe Catharinenpflaume (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Gelbe Damascener Pflaume, 450

Gelbe Eger Pflaume; Gelbe Egg; Gelbe Eierpflaume (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Gelbe frühe Pflaume; Gelbe Frühzeitige (syns. of Early Yellow), 203

Gelbe Frühzwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Jaune Précoce), 524

Gelbe Herrn Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Gelbe Jerusalempflaume, 450

Gelbe Katharinenpflaume (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Gelbe Kirschpflaume, 450

Gelbe Malonke (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Gelbe Marunke (syn. of Weisse Kaiserin, 563; of Yellow Egg, 386)

Gelbe Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Gelber Bidling (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451

Gelbe Reine-Claude (syn. of Apricot), 148

Gelbe Reneclode Mit Gefullter Bluthe (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Gelbe Spatzwetsche, 451

Gelbe Ungarische Eier Pflaume; Gelbe Ungarische Eyerpflaume (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Gem, 451

Gemeine Hauszwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling, 451

Gemeine Zwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

General Brock (syn. of Brock), 410

Gen. Hand; General Hand; Genl. Hand (syns. of Hand), 239

General Jackson (syn. of Miner), 281

Gentleman, 451

Georgeson, 217

Georgeson, C. C., quoted, 55

Georg IV (syn. of Rigny), 532

Georgia, 451

Geperlte Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Gerard, quoted, 162

Gerishes Seedling, 451

German Gage (syn. of Bleeker), 163

German Plum (syn. of German Prune), 219

German Prune, 219

German Prune (syn. of Domine Dull, 433; of German Prune, 219; of Italian Prune, 253)

German Prune Seedling (syn. of Mankato), 489

German Quetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Gersepflaume, 451

Geuii (syn. of Gueii), 234

Ghiston, 451

Ghiston’s Early (syn. of Ghiston), 451

Giant, 222

Giant Prune (syn. of Giant), 222

Gibb, Charles, var. orig. by, 395, 483

Gibson, 451

Gibson, W. L., var. orig. by, 451

Gideon, Peter M., var. orig. by, 470

Gifford, var. introduced by, 261

Gifford’s Lafayette (syn. of Lafayette), 261

Gill, 451

Gillett (syn. of Miner), 281

Gisborne, 451

Gisborne’s; Gisborne’s Early; Gisborne’s Zwetsche (syns. of Gisborne), 451

Glaister, 452

Glanzende Gelbe Mirabelle (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Glass, 223

Glass, Alexander, var. orig. by, 224

Glass Seedling (syn. of Glass), 223

Gloire de Louveciennes, 452

Gloire de New York (syn. of Hulings), 245

Gloire de Schöneberg (syn. of Belle de Schöneberg), 401

Gloire d’Epinay, 452

Gloria, 452

Gloucestershire Violet, 452

Glow, 452

Gluhende Kohle (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

G. No. 4, 452

G. No. 44 Jones (unpublished) (syn. of G. No. 4), 452

Goff, 452

Goff, Emmett Stull, life of, 355-356

Gold, 452

Gold (syn. of Golden), 224

Gold Coin, 453

Gold Colored, 453

Golden, 224

Golden (syn. of Golden Prune), 453

Golden (syn. of Gold), 452

Golden Beauty, 226

Golden Cherry, 228

Golden Cherry Plum (syn. of Golden Cherry), 228

Golden Cluster, 453

Golden Drop, 228

Golden Drop; Golden Drop Plum; Golden Gage (syns. of Golden Drop), 228

Golden Esperen (syn. of Esperen), 206

Golden Esperen Plum (syn. of Esperen), 206

Golden Gage, 453

Golden Gage Lawson (syn. of Lawson), 482

Golden Gem, 453

Golden Prolific, 453

Golden Prune, 453

Golden Queen, 453

Golden Transparent, 453

Gold Pflaume; Goldfarbige Pflaume (syns. of Drap d’Or), 194

Goldsmith, 454

Goldsmith’s Vienna (syn. of Goldsmith), 454

Goldstoff (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Goldzeng (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Goliath (syn. of Goliath, 231; of Nectarine, 291)

Goliath, 231

Gondin, 454

Gonne, 454

Gonne, Dr., var. orig. by, 454

Gonne’s Green Gage (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Gonne’s Rothe Pflaume (syn. of Gonne), 454

Gonzales (syn. of Gonzales), 232

Gonzales, 232

Goose-Dye, 454

Goose-O, 454

Goose Plum, 59

Gordon, 454

Gordon, J. K., var. orig. by, 410, 564

Gordon Castle, 454

Gordon No. 3 (syn. of Gordon), 454

Goring’s Golden Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Gorman, 454

Gorrie, Archibald, var. orig. by, 482

Gough, quoted, 164

Goutte d’Or, 228; Goutte d’Or de Coe, 229 (syns. of Golden Drop)

Goutte d’Or Violette (syn. of Coe Violet), 420

Goutte Emeraude (syn. of Emerald Drop), 443

Govalle, 454

Grace, 454

Grace, W. R., var. orig. by, 454

Graf Althann’s Reine-Claude; Graf Althan’s Reine-Claude (syns. of Altham), 141

Graf Gustav von Egger (syn. of Comte Gustave d’Egger), 422

Grand-Duc (syn. of Grand Duke), 233

Grand Duke, 233

Grand Précoce, 454

Graugrüne Frühpflaume, 455

Gray, quoted, 99

Gray Damask, 455

Grayson, 455

Great Bearer, 455

Great Damask Violet of Tours (syn. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Great Date (syn. of Date), 428

Great Green Damask; Great Green Damaski (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Great Imperial Plum (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Great Mogul (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Great Plum of Tours; Great Violet Damask de Tours; Great Violet Tours Damask (syns. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Great Queen Claudia (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Great Whitton (syn. of Wheat), 563

Greeley (syn. of Greely), 455

Greely, 455

Greely, Captain Eliphalet, var. orig. by, 455

Green Damask (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Greene, quoted, 77

Greenfield, 455

Greenfield, var. orig. by, 455

Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude Group), 27

Green Indian, 455

Green Italian, 455

Green Oysterly, 455

Green Perdrigon, 455

Green Pescod, 455

Green Spanish (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Gregoire, M., var. orig. by, 412

Grelck, John, var. orig. by, 455

Grelck, 455

Gridley, var. orig. by, 553

Griesa, A. H., var. orig. by, 512

Grimwood Early Orleans; Grimwood’s Early Orleans (syns. of Early Orleans), 198

Groot, S. C., var. introduced by, 320

Gros Damas; Gros Damas de Tours; Gros Damas Violet de Tours (syns. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Gros Damas Blanc (syn. of Large White Damson), 480

Gros Damas de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Gros Damas de Tours, 456

Gros Damas Noir, 456

Gros Damas rouge tardif (syn. of Late Red Damask), 481

Gros Damas Vert (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Gros Luisante (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Gros Prune (syn. of Pond), 314

Gros Reine-Claude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Gros Rouge de Septembre (syn. of Belle), 158

Gros Saint-Julien (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Gros-Damas Blanc (syn. of Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene), 432

Grosse à sécher de Knight (syn. of Large Green Drying), 479

Grosse Blaue Eier Pflaume (syn. of Blue Egg), 405

Grosse Blaue Zwetsche Von der Worms (syn. of Zwetsche Von der Worms), 572

Grosse Damascene von Tours (syn. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Grosse Datte (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse De Cooper (syn. of Cooper), 423

Grosse Englische Pflaumen Zwetsche; Grosse Englische Zwetsche (syns. of Large English), 262

Grosse Früh Pflaume (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Grosse Früh Zwetsche (syn. of Hungarian, 246; of Italian Prune, 253; of Red Magnum Bonum, 325)

Grosse Gelbe Dattel Pflaume; Grosse Gelbe Dattel Zwetsche (syns. of Weisse Kaiserin), 563

Grosse Gelbe Eier Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse German Prune (syn. of German Prune), 219

Grosse Glanzende; Grosse Glanzende Alberts Pflaume; Grosse Glanzende Pflaume (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse Grüne Pflaume (syn. of Isle-Verte), 470

Grosse Grüne Reine-Claude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Grosse Hâtive de Rodt, 456

Grosse Hâtive de Rodt (syn. of Rodt Frühe Grosse Pflaumenzwetsche), 533

Grosse Hauspflaume (syn. of German Prune), 219

Grosse Königin Claudiapflaume (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Grosse-Luisante (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse Marange, 456

Grosse Maronke; Grosse Marouk; Grosse Marunke (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse Mirabelle (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Grosse Mirabelle Drap d’Or (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Grosse noir de Montreuil; Grosse Noire hâtive (syns. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Grosse Prune Blanche (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse Prune d’Agen (syn. of Pond), 314

Grosse prune d’Inde rouge (syn. of Indian), 468

Grosse Prunelle Nouvelle (syn. of New Large Bullace), 503

Grosse Quetsche De Dorell; Grosse Quetsche Nouvelle (syns. of Dorell), 434

Grosse Reine; Grosse Reine-Claude (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Grosse Reine-Claude Verte De Berlepsch (syn. of Berlepsch), 402

Grosse Rosspauke, 456

Grosse Rote Feigen Pflaume (syn. of Red Date), 322

Grosse rouge de Cooper (syn. of Cooper), 423

Grosse Schwarze Kaiser Pflaume (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Grosse Surpasse, 456

Grosse u. Lange Früh Zwetsche (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Grosse Ungarische Zwetsche (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Grosse Violette de Grugliasco, 456

Grosse Weisse Glanzende (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Grosse Zuckerzwetsche (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Grosse Zwetsche (syn. of Large English), 262

Grossherzog’s Pflaume (syn. of Grand Duke), 233

Groundacre (syn. of Gundaker Prune), 457

Grove House Purple (syn. of Fotheringham), 212

Grüne Abrikose or Aprikose (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Grüne Dattelzwetsche (syn. of Grüne Dattel Zwetsche), 456

Grüne Dattel Zwetsche, 456

Grüne Eierpflaume (syn. of Quetsche Verte D’Italie), 525

Grüne Herzformige, 456

Grüne Inselpflaume (syn. of Isle-Verte), 470

Grüne Insel Pflaume (syn. of Grüne Dattel Zwetsche), 456

Grüne Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle Verte), 497

Grüne Reineclaude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Grüne Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Verte D’Italie), 525

Grüne Zwetsche Von Monrepos, 456

Grünliche Dattel Pflaume von Besançon (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Gueii, 234

Gueii; Guii (syns. of Gueii), 234

Guilford No. 2, 456

Guimaraen, 457

Guinea Egg, 457

Gundaker, 457

Gundaker, Samuel E., var. orig. by, 457

Gundaker Prune, 457

Gus Erik (syn. of Nikitaer Blaue Frühzwetsche), 504

Gute Grüne (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Gute Kathe (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Guthries Taybank (syn. of Taybank), 551

Guthrie, Charles, var. orig. by, 236, 397, 457, 551

Guthrie Apricot, 457

Guthrie Green (syn. of Guthrie Late), 236

Guthrie Late, 236

Guthrie Russet, 457

Guthrie Topaz, 457

Guthrie’s Apricot; Guthrie’s Apricot Plum; Guthrie’s Golden; Guthrie’s New Apricot (syns. of Guthrie Apricot), 457

Guthrie’s Aunt Ann (syn. of Aunt Ann), 397

Guthrie’s Late Green; Guthrie’s Minette (syns. of Guthrie Late), 236

Guthrie’s Russet (syn. of Guthrie Russet), 457

Guthrie’s Topaz (syn. of Guthrie Topaz), 457

Gwalsh, 457

Gweii (syn. of Gueii), 234

Haag, 458

Haber Pflaume (syn. of Damson), 186

Hackl, Prof. Pater, var. orig. by, 217

Hackl Grosse Zwetsche, 458

Haferpflaume, 458

Hafer Schlehe (syn. of Damson), 186

Haferkrieche (syn. of Damas Rouge Hâtif), 427

Haffner Herbstpflaume, 458

Haffner Königspflaume, 458

Hagaman, var, orig. by, 235

Hahnenhode (syn. of Nikitaer Hahnenpflaume), 504

Hakluyt, quoted, 164

Haku Botan, 458

Hale, 236

Hale (syn. of Late Blood), 480

Hallenbeck, 458

Hallenbeck, Henry, var. orig. by, 458

Halcyon, 458

Hammer, 238

Hammond, quoted, 75

Hampton Court (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Hancock, Thomas, var. orig. by, 457

Hand, 239

Hand, General, var. orig. by, 240

Hanford, 458

Hanford’s Orleans (syn. of Hanford), 458

Hanska, 458

Hanson, 458

Hanson, N. E., quoted, 116, 117; var. orig. by, 417, 419, 444, 458, 468, 474, 489, 509, 539, 544, 561, 567, 571

Happiness, 458

Hardow, P. L., var. orig. by, 296

Hare, Thomas, var. orig. by, 209

Harlow, 458

Harlow, S. C., var. orig. by, 458

Harney, 459

Harper, 459

Harper (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Harper’s (syn. of Harper), 459

Harriet, 241, 459

Harris, 459

Harrison, 459

Harrison’s Peach (syn. of Harrison), 459

Hart, 459

Hart, H., var. orig. by, 459

Hart Prune (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Hart’s De Soto (syn. of Hart), 459

Hartwick, 459

Hartwiss, 459

Hartwiss Gelbe Zwetsche; Hartwiss Yellow Prune (syns. of Hartwiss), 459

Harvest, 460

Harvest Gage (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

Hathen’s Red Gage (syn. of Altham), 141

Hâtive d’Augny (syn. of Grosse Marange), 456

Hâtive de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Hattan; Hattankin No. 2; Hattonkin; Hattonkin No. 2; Hattankio; Hattankio No. 2; Hattankio Oblong; Hytan-Kayo; Hytankio (syns. of Kerr), 259

Hattankin No. 1 (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Hattonkin (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Hattankio (syn. of Abundance), 136

Hattonkin No. 1 (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Hattankio (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Hattankio (syn. of Abundance), 136

Hattankio (syn. of Kelsey), 258

Hattankio No. 1 (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Hattie, 460

Hauptmann Kirchhof’s Pflaume (syn. of Capitaine Kirchhof), 414

Hauspflaume; Hauszwetsche (syns. of German Prune), 219

Hawkeye, 242

Hayden, E. L., var. orig. by, 441

Hayo-Simoni, 460

Hazard, 460

Hazelton, D. C., var. orig. by, 140

Heaton, 460

Hector, 460

Heep, 460

Heideman, C. W. H., var. orig. by, 294, 415

Heideman Sand Cherry (syn. of Compass), 182

Heikes, 460

Heine Superbe, 460

Helen, 460

Helen’s Seedling (syn. of Helen), 460

Hendrick, 460

Hendrick’s (syn. of Hendrick), 460

Henrietta Gage (syn. of Henrietta Gage), 461

Henrietta Gage, 461

Henry Clay, 461

Herbst Kriecke, 461

Herbstpflaume, 461

Herbstpflaume (syn. of Prune d’Automne), 520

Herbst Reine Claude (syn. of Autumn Gage), 398

Hereford Damson, 461

Herefordshire Prune, 461

Heron, 461

Heroy, 461

Herren, 461

Herrnpflaume (syn. of Orleans), 302

Herrenhäuser Blaue Eier Pflaume (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Herrnhauser Doppelte Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle Double de Herrenhausen), 497

Herzformige Pflaume, 461

Herzog von Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

Heupflaume, 461

Herr Pflaume (syn. of Frühe Grüne Zwetsche), 448

Hiawatha, 461

Hick’s large Egg? (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Higginson, Francis, quoted, 20, 93

Highland, 461

Highlander, 462

Hilda No. 5, 462

Hillside, 462

Hilltop, 462

Hilman, 462

Hinckley, M. E., var. orig. by, 490, 515

Hinckley (syn. of Miner), 281

Hinkley, 462

Hlubeck Aprikosenpflaume, 462

Hoag’s Seedling, 462

Hoffman, 462

Hoffman, Ernest, var. orig. by, 533

Hofinger Mirabelle, 462

Hofinger’s Rote Mirabelle (syn. of Hofinger Mirabelle), 462

Hog, 462

Hogg, John A., quoted, 200, 260, 363, 364, 432; var. orig. by, 432

Hog Plum, 59

Hoheitspflaume (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Hoheits Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Holister (syn. of Hollister), 463

Holister, var. orig. by, 463

Holland, 462, 463

Holland Plum; Holland Prune (syns. of Holland), 462

Hollister, 463

Holman, D. S., var. orig. by, 463

Holman Prune, 463

Holme, 463

Holmes Early Blue (syn. of Holme), 463

Holt, B. J., var. orig. by, 463

Holt, 463

Holton, Warren, var. orig. by, 442

Homestead, 463

Honey, 463

Honey Drop (syn. of Golden Beauty), 226

Honey Grove (syn. of Sanders), 538

Honey Julian, 463

Honsmomo (syn. of Berger, 160; of Satsuma, 337)

Hon-smomo (syn. of Chabot), 172

Hoo Green Gage, 463

Hooker, quoted, 37

Hoosier, 463

Horemoritzer Reine Claude, 463

Horrigan, 463

Horse, 464

Horse Gage (syn. of Horse Jag), 464

Horse Jag, 464

Horse Plum, 59

Horse Plum (syn. of Horse), 464

Hoskins, 464

Hoskins, var. orig. by, 464

Houston County, 464

Hovey, C. M., quoted, 167, 229

How, Hall J., var. orig. by, 464

Howard, 464

Howard’s Favorite (syn. of Howard), 464

Howe, 464

Howell, 465

Howell’s Early (syn. of Howell), 465

Howell’s Large (syn. of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309)

Howel’s (syn. of Nectarine), 291

How Amber, 464

How’s Amber (syn. of How Amber), 464

Hoyo Smomo, 465

Hoyt, R. D., var. orig. by, 446

H. T. S. 84,761, 465

Huankume, 465

Hudson, 243

Hudson, quoted, 93

Hudson; Hudson Gage; Hudson’s gelbe Frühpflaume (syns. of Hudson Gage), 465

Hudson Gage, 465

Hudson River Purple; Hudson River Purple Egg (syns. of Hudson), 243

Hughes, 465

Hughes Late (syn. of Tecumseh), 552

Hulings, 245

Huling’s Reine Claude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Huling’s Reine-Claudia (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Huling’s Superb (syn. of Hulings), 245

Hungarian, 245

Hungarian (syn. of Pond), 314

Hungarian (syn. of Ungarish), 361

Hungarian Date (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Hungarian Musk Prune, 465

Hungarian No. 1, 465

Hungarian No. 2, 466

Hungarian Plum (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Hungarian Prune (syn. of Hungarian, 246; of Pond, 314; of Ungarish, 361)

Hungarica (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Hungary (syn. of Ungarish), 361

Hunn, 466

Hunt, 466

Hunt, Henry, var. orig. by, 466

Hunt, R. A., var. orig. by, 491

Hunt De Soto, 466

Hunt’s De Soto (syn. of Hunt De Soto), 466

Hyacinth; Hyacinthe Pflaume (syns. of Jacinthe), 471

Hytankayo (syn. of Abundance), 136

Hytankayo (syn. of Chabot), 172

Hytankayo (syn. of Red June), 324

Hytan-Kayo (syn. of Kerr), 259

Hytankio (syn. of Kerr), 259

Ickworth, 247

Ickworth Imperatrice (syn. of Ickworth), 247

Ida, 466

Ida Gage; Ida Green Gage (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Ida Green Gage, 466

Idal (syn. of Idall), 466

Idall, 466

Idol (syn. of Idall), 466

Ienua (syn. of Date), 428

Ilevert; Ile Vert; Ile vert; Ille verte; Illvert (syns. of Isle-Verte), 470

Illinois Ironclad (syn. of Ironclad), 469

Illinois Plum (syn. of Langsdon), 479

Impératrice, 248

Impératrice (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Impératrice; Impératrice Blue; Impératrice Violette (syns. of Impératrice), 249

Impératrice Blanche (syn. of White Impératrice), 375

Impératrice group, 33

Impératrice Ickworth (syn. of Ickworth), 247

Impératrice Jaune (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Impératrice Jckworth (syn. of Ickworth), 247

Impératrice Violette (syn. of German Prune), 219

Impératrice Violette Grosse (syn. of German Prune), 219

Imperial (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Imperial, 466

Imperial Blanc; Imperiale Blanche; (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Imperial de Sharp (syn. of Sharp, 340; of Victoria, 363)

Imperial Diadem; Imperial Diademe (syns. of Red Diaper), 323

Imperial Jaune (syn. of Weisse Kaiserin), 563

Imperial Epineuse, 250

Imperial Epineux (syn. of Imperial Epineuse), 250

Imperial Gage, 251

Imperial Gage (syn. of Washington), 368

Imperial Gage; Imperial Green Gage (syns. of Imperial Gage), 251

Imperial jaune (syn. of Yellow Imperial), 569

Imperiall (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Imperial Ottoman, 467

Imperial Ottoman (syn. of Imperial Ottoman), 467

Imperial Purple, 467

Imperial Purple (syn. of Imperial Purple), 467

Imperial Rouge; Imperial Violet (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Imperial Violet, 467

Imperial Washington, 467

Impériale (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Impériale Alexandrina, 466

Impériale à Petit Fruit Violet (syn. of Imperial Violet), 467

Impériale Blanche (syn. of Quetsch, Dr. Létricourt, 524; of Yellow Egg, 386)

Impériale de Mann (syn. of Brandy Gage), 408

Impériale de Milan, 467

Impériale Ottomane (syn. of Imperial Ottoman), 467

Imperiale de Sharp (syn. of Sharp), 340

Impériale de Turquie (syn. of Imperial Ottoman), 467

Impériale Hâtive (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Impériale jaune (syn. of Yellow Imperial), 569

Impériale Rouge; Impériale Violette (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 325

Impériale Violette (syn. of Violet Imperial), 559

Impériale Violette à feuilles panachees (syn. of Imperial Violet), 467

Improved French Prune, 467

Incomparable, 467

Incomparable de Lucombe (syn. of Lucombe), 271

Incomparable Prune (syn. of Incomparable), 467

Indian, 468

Indian Chief, 468

Indiana, 468

Indiana Red (syn. of Indiana), 468

Infertility, causes of, in plums, 110-112

Inkpa, 468

Inselpflaume Grüne (syn. of Isle-Verte), 470

Iola, 468

Iona, 468

Iowa, 468

Iowa Beauty, 468

Irby, 468

Irby September (syn. of Irby), 468

Ireland, 469

Ireland Golden, 469

Ireland’s Golden Gage (syn. of Ireland Golden), 469

Ireland’s Seedling (syn. of Ireland), 469

Irene, 469

Iris, 469

Irish Horse Plum (syn. of Horse), 464

Ironclad, 469

Iroquois, 469

Irving’s Bolmar or Bolmer (syns. of Washington), 368

Isaac, 469

Isabel (syn. of Miner), 281

Isabella, 469

Isle Vert; Isle Verte (syns. of Isle-Verte), 470

Isle-Verte, 469

Isleworth Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Italian Damask, 470

Italian Damask (syn. of Morocco, 288; of Orleans, 302)

Italian Guetsche (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Italianische blanc Zwetsche, blaue Zwetsche, Zwetsche; Italian Prune or Quetsche; Italienische Zwetsche (syns. of Italian Prune), 253

Italienische Damascene (Diel’s), 470

Italienische Damascene (Liegel’s), 470

Italienische Blaue Zwetsche or Pflaumen Zwetsche (syns. of Italian Prune), 253

Italian Prune, 252

Italienische Grüne Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Verte D’Italie), 525

Itasca (syn. of Aitkin), 140

Itasca, 470

Itaska (syn. of Itasca), 470

Ithaca, 470

Ivason, 470

Ives, 470

Ives, J. M., var. orig. by, 470

Ives Damson (syn. of Ives), 470

Ive’s Seedling (syn. of Ives), 470

Ive’s Washington (syn. of Ives), 470

Ives’ Washington Seedling (syn. of Ives), 470

Jacinthe (syn. of Jacinthe), 471

Jacinthe, 471

Jackson? (syn. of Rigny, 532; of Washington, 368)

Jacob, 471

Jacobi Zwetsche (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Jahns Gelbe Jerusalems-Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Jerusalem), 569

Jahn’s Jerusalems Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Jerusalem), 569

Jakobs Pflaume (syn. of Damson), 186

James Vick (syn. of Vick), 559

Jamin, var. orig. by, 187

Japan Blood Plum (syn. of Satsuma), 337

Japanese Plum Seedling, 471

Japanese Seedling X (syn. of Japex), 255

Japan Hybrid No. 3 (syn. of Ames), 144

Japan No. 1, 471

Japan No. 3, 471

Japan Hybrid No. 2 (a), 471

Japan Hybrid No. 2 (b), 471

Japex, 255

Jap No. 4, 471

Jaspisartige Pflaume, 471

Jaune de Bleeker (syn. of Bleeker), 163

Jaune de Catalogne (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Jaune de Jerusalem (syn. of Gelbe Jerusalempflaume), 450

Jaune de Monsieur (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Jaune de Reizenstein (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

Jaune d’Este, 471

Jaune Hâtive (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Jaune précoce (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Jaune Tardive, 471

Jaune Tres Hâtive Baboud, 471

Jckworth Imperatrice (syn. of Ickworth), 247

Jean d’Este (syn. of Jaune d’Este), 471

Jean Hâtive (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Jean Morceau, 472

Jean Morceau (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Jean White (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Jefferson, 255

Jemmy Moore (syn. of Denbigh), 430

Jenkins, J. H. G., var. orig. by, 448

Jenkin’s Imperial (syn. of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309)

Jenkinson’s Imperial (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Jennie Lucas, 472

Jerusalem, 472

Jerusalem (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Jerusalem Jaune (syn. of Yellow Jerusalem), 569

Jessie, 472

Jewell, 472

J (syn. of Hale), 237

J. B. Rue (syn. of Rue), 536

J. H. Rue, 472

Jodoigne, 472

Jodoigne Green Gage (syn. of Jodoigne), 472

Joe Hooker, 473

Johannispflaume (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

John A, 473

Johnny Roe, 473

John’s Gelbe Jerusalems-Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Jerusalem), 569

Johnson, Franklin, var. orig. by, 548

Johnson, J. E., var. orig. by, 362

Jones, 473

Jones, Herbert A., var. orig. by, 452

Jones, Mrs. Owen, var. orig. by, 473

Jones Late, 473

Jordan, F., var. orig. by, 473

Jordan Seedling, 473

Josselyn, John, quoted, 20

J. Parks, 473

Judson, 473

Juicy, 257

Julia, 473

Julian, 473

Julien Gros à Feuilles Panachees, 473

Juli Reine-Claude; Julius Reine-Claude (syns. of July Green Gage), 474

July Fourth, 473

July Green Gage, 473

July Green Gage (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Jumelles, 474

Jumelles de Liegel, 474

Jumelles de Liegel (syn. of Jumelles de Liegel), 474

Kaga, 474

Kaiser Von Japan (syn. of Emperor of Japan), 443

Kaiser Wilhelm, 474

Kalm, Peter, quoted, 20

Kampeska, 474

Kanawha, 474

Karl Koch’s Königs Pflaume (syn. of Koch Königspflaume), 477

Kazan, 474

Keindl’s Violette Königspflaume (syn. of Royale Violette de Keindl), 535

Keindt, 475

Keindt’s Frühdamascene (syn. of Keindt), 475

Keindt’s Violette Königspflaume (syn. of Royale Violette de Keindl), 535

Keith, 475

Keiser (syn. of Hulings), 245

Kelley, 475

Kelbalan, 475

Kelmyro, 475

Kelroba, 475

Kelsaw, 475

Kelsey, 258

Kelsey No. 1 (syn. of Kelmyro), 475

Kelsey No. 2 (syn. of Kelroba), 475

Kelsey No. 3 (syn. of Kelbalan), 475

Kelsey Prune, 475

Kelsey’s Japan (syn. of Kelsey), 258

Kelso, 475

Kenellan, 475

Kennedy Red, 475

Kensington Prune (syn. of Holland), 462

Kent, 475

Kentish Bush (syn. of Kent), 476

Kentish Diamond (syn. of Diamond), 191

Kenyon, 476

Kerr, 259

Kerr, J. W., life of, 349-350; quoted, 98, 115, 118, 171, 422, 495, 508; var. orig. by, 349, 418, 446, 492, 501, 559, 562

Kester Green Gage, 476

Kester’s Green Gage (syn. of Kester Green Gage), 476

Kester’s Yellow Gage (syn. of Kester Yellow Gage), 476

Kester Yellow Gage, 476

Keyser, var. orig. by, 245

Keyser’s Plum (syn. of Hulings), 245

Kibitzenei (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Kicab, 476

Kickapoo, 476

Kieth (syn. of Keith), 475

Kilpatrick, E. W., var. orig. by, 485

King, 476

King Damson, 259

King of Damsons (syn. of King Damson), 259

King of Plums (syn. of Golden Drop, 229; of Reine Claude, 327)

King of Plums (syn. of King), 476

Kings Plum (syn. of Royal), 534

Kings Plum of Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Kingston (syn. of Diamond), 191

Kingston, 476

Kirchhof’s Pflaume (syn. of Capitaine Kirchhof), 414

Kirke, 260

Kirke (syn. of Kirke), 260

Kirke’s; Kirke’s Pflaume; Kirke’s Plum; Kirk’s Plum (syns. of Kirke), 260

Kirke’s Stoneless (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Kirschpflaume (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Kladrauer Pflaume (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Klein Weisse Damassener Pflaume (syn. of Small White Damson), 544

Kleine Blaue Frühzwetsche, 476

Kleine Blaue Julians Pflaume (syn. of Damson, 186; of Saint Julien, 335)

Kleine Brisette (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Kleine Dauphine (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Kleine Gelbe Eierpflaume, 476

Kleine gelbe Früh Pflaume (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Kleine Grüne Reine-Claude (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Kleine Kirschpflaume, 476

Kleine Kirschpflaume (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Kleine Kirsch Pflaume (syn. of Rote Mirabelle), 533

Kleine Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Kleine Reine-Claude (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Kleine Rosspauke, 476

Kleine Weisse Damascene (syn. of Small Reine Claude, 347; of Small White Damson, 544)

Kleine Zucker Zwetsche (syn. of Petite Quetsche Sucrée), 515

Kleinste Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Klondike, 477

Klondyke (syn. of Klondike), 477

Knevett’s Late Orleans (syn. of Nelson), 503

Kniedsen’s Peach (syn. of Knudson), 477

Knight, var. orig. by, 248, 436, 479

Knight’s Green Drying, Large Drying or Large Green Drying (syns. of Large Green Drying), 479

Knight’s No. 6 (syn. of Ickworth), 247

Knudson, 477

Knudson, H., var. orig. by, 182, 422, 460, 462, 463, 477, 496

Knudson’s Peach (syn. of Knudson), 477

Koa, 477

Koa’s Imperial (syn. of Koa), 477

Kober, 477

Koch, quoted, 17, 18

Koch’s Gelbe Spät Damascene (syn. of Koch Späte Damascene), 477

Koch Königspflaume, 477

Koch Späte Damascene, 477

Koch’s Späte Aprikosen; Koch’s Späte Damascene (syns. of Koch Späte Damascene), 477

Koepher, 477

Koetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Kohlenkamp, 477

Kohlenkamp, W., var. orig. by, 477

Kohlen Kamp (syn. of Kohlenkamp), 477

Königin Claudia or Klaudia (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Königin der Mirabellen (syn. of Reine des Mirabelles), 530

Königin Mutter (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Königin Victoria (syn. of Victoria), 363

Königin von Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Königliche Grosse Pflaume; Königliche Pflaume von Tours; Königs Pflaume; Königspflaume von Tours (syns. of Royal Tours), 332

Königspflaume (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

Königspflaume (syn. of Royal), 534

Königs Pflaume aus Paris; Königspflaume von Paris (syns. of Perdrigon Tardif), 515

Königspflaume Frühe (syn. of Royale Hâtive de Liegel), 535

Königs Pflaume von Maugerou (syn. of Maugeron), 492

Königspflaume von Trapp’s (syn. of Trapps Königspflaume), 555

König Zwetsche (syn. of Trauttenberg), 555

Kook, var. orig. by, 432

Kook’s Gelbe Diaprée; Kooks Neue Diapre (syn. of Diaprée Nouvelle De Kook), 432

Kopp, 477

Korai, 478

K. P. 193 (syn. of Purple-leaved Hybrid), 521

Krasnaya osimaya (syn. of Red Winter), 529

Krasnaya Skorospielkaya (syn. of Early Red), 440

Kreger (syn. of Danish Damson), 428

Kreke (syn. of Damson), 186

Kreuters Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche de Kreuter), 523

Krieche (syn. of Damson), 186

Krieke (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451

Kroh, P. H., var. orig. by, 316

Kroh (syn. of Poole Pride), 315

Kroos-Pruim, 478

Krueger (syn. of Danish Damson), 428

Kruger’s Seedling (syn. of Cruger Scarlet), 424

Kuchen Pflaume (syn. of Frankfort Peach), 447

Kume, 478

La Bonne Deux Fois l’An (syn. of Venetianische Zweimal Tragende), 558

La Bricette (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

La Courbon (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

La Delicieuse (syn. of Cooper, 423; of Smith Orleans, 348)

La Duc (syn. of Le Duc), 483

La Grosse Reine-Claude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

La Madeleine (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

La Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

La Prairie, 479

La Prune Suisse (syn, of Suisse), 549

La Roche-Corbon (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

La Royal (syn. of Royal), 534

La Royale (syn. of Royal), 534

La Venitienne (syn. of Venetianische Zweimal Tragende), 558

La Victorine (syn. of Victoria), 363

Labert (syn. of Lambert), 478

Labert’s Red (syn. of Lambert), 478

Lachine, 478

Ladies’ Plum (syn. of Damas Violet), 427

Lady, 478

Lady Lucy (syn. of Cooper), 423

Lady Plum (syn. of Lady), 478

Lafay, M., var. orig. by, 360

Lafayette, 261

Laire, 262

Lakeside No. 1 & No. 2, 478

Lallinger Königspflaume, 478

Lambert, 478

Lambert’s Red (syn. of Lambert), 478

Lammas, 478

Lancaster, 478

Lang, 478

Langdon, 478

Langdon, Reuben, var. orig. by, 478

Langdon (syn. of Langsdon), 479

Langdon’s Seedling (syn. of Langdon), 478

Langes Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Abricotée de Lange), 391

Lange Violette Damascene, 479

Lange Violette Dattel Pflaume; Lange Violette Dattel Zwetsche (syns. of Red Date), 322

Lange Violette Dattel Zwetsche (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Langley, quoted, 302

Langsdon, 479

Langliche Blaue Damascene? (syn. of Lange Violette Damascene), 479

Lannix, 479

Large Black Imperial? (syn. of Belle de Louvain, 400; of Bradshaw, 166)

Large Early Black (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Large early black (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Large Early Damson (syn. of Horse), 464

Large English, 262

Large English Damson, 479

Large German Prune (syn. of York State Prune), 571

Large German Prune (syn. of German Prune, 219; of Italian Prune, 253)

Large Golden Prolific, 479

Large green claudia (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Large Green Drying, 479

Large Green Drying (syn. of Large Green Drying), 479

Large Holland (syn. of Holland), 462

Large Late Red Damask (syn. of Late Red Damask), 481

Large Long Blue (syn. of Manning), 489

Large Orlean (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum, 326; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Large Peach (syn. of Peach), 309

Large Peach Plum (syn. of Peach), 309

Large Purple (syn. of Smith Orleans), 348

Large Queen, 479

Large Queen Claude; Large Queen Claudia (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Large Red Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

Large Red Sweet (syn. of Plunk), 516

Large Saint Julien (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Largest Damask of Tours (syn. of Gros Damas de Tours), 456

Large Sugar Prune, 480

Large Sweet Damson (syn. of Horse), 464

Large White Damask (syn. of Large White Damson), 480

Large White Damson, 480

Large Yellow Egg (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Late Black Damson, 480

Late Black Orleans (syn. of Late Orleans), 265

Late Blood, 480

Late Bolmer, 480

Late Chalons, 480

Late Cluster (syn. of White Damson), 374

Late Conical, 480

Late Damask? (syn. of Late Black Damson), 480

Late Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Late Diamond (syn. of Arch Duke), 148

Late Gage; Late Green Gage (syns. of Late Reine Claude), 481

Late Goose, 481

Late Green Gage (syn. of Late Reine Claude), 481

Late Klondike (syn. of Golden), 224

Late Klondike (syn. of Shiro), 342

Late Mirabelle, 263

Late Monsieur (syn. of Orleans), 302

Late Muscatel (syn. of Late Muscatelle), 264

Late Muscatelle, 264

Late Orange, 481

Late Orleans (syn. of Late Orleans), 265

Late Orleans, 265

Late Prolific, 481

Late Purple Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Late Red Damask, 481

Late Red Damson (syn. of Late Red Damask), 481

Late Red Imperial (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Late Reine Claude, 481

Late Rivers, 481

Late Rollingstone, 482

Late Transparent, 482

Late Transparent Gage (syn. of Late Transparent), 482

Late Violet (syn. of Imperatrice, 249; of Late Transparent, 482)

Late White Damson (syn. of White Damson), 374

Late White Pear (syn. of White Pear), 564

Late Yellow Damson (syn. of White Damson), 374

Later Perdrigon (syn. of Perdrigon Tardif), 515

Latz German Prune—See German Prune, 220

Laubinger Sugar Prune, 482

Laubinger’s Catharinen Pflaume (syn. of Laubinger Sugar Prune), 482

Laubinger’s Zuckerzwetsche (syn. of Laubinger Sugar Prune), 482

Lauche, quoted, 221, 254

Laura, 482

Lawrence, 266

Lawrence, L. V., var. orig. by, 182, 266, 465

Lawrence; Lawrence’s Early; Lawrence’s Früh Rote Pflaume (syns. of Lawrence Early), 482

Lawrence Early, 482

Lawrence Early (syn. of Belle), 158

Lawrence or Lawrence’s Favorite; Lawrence Gage; Lawrence’s Gage; Lawrences Reine Claude (syns. of Lawrence), 266

Lawson, 482

Lawson, John, quoted, 84, 93

Lawson’s Golden (syn. of Lawson), 482

Lawson’s Golden Gage (syn. of Lawson), 482

Le Czar (syn. of Czar), 184

Le Duc, 483

Le Duc Vermillion (syn. of Vermilion), 558

Le Prunier Tzaneron (syn. of Tzaueron), 557

L’Etendard De L’Angleterre (syn. of Standard), 548

Legal Tender, 483

Leib Sour, 483

Leipsic (syn. of Merunka), 494

Leipzic (syn. of German Prune), 219

Leipzig (syn. of German Prune), 219

Leipzig Early Quetsche (syn. of Merunka), 494

Leipziger Zwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Leonard, 483

Leopard, 483

Lepine, 483

Lepine, var. orig. by, 483

Lepine (syn. of Norbert), 505

Leptune, 483

Lerchenei (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Leroy, André, var. orig. by, 157

Letta, 483

Lewelling, Seth, var. orig. by, 453

Lewis, 483

Lewiston Egg, 484

Lewiston’s Egg (syn. of Lewiston Egg), 484

Lex Plum, 484

Lieflander Gelbe Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Lieflandische Grüne Zwetsche (syn. of Jaspisartige Pflaume), 471

Liegal’s August Zwetsche (syn. of August Zwetsche), 397

Liegel Rote Damascene, 484

Liegel Apricot, 484

Liegel, Dr., var. orig. by, 391, 399, 402, 403, 422, 477, 484, 493, 523, 526, 535, 555

Liegel Gage, 484

Liegel’s Blaue Reine Claude (syn. of Blaue Reine Claude), 405

Liegels Frühzwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Précoce Liegel), 525

Liegel’s Marokko (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Liegel’s Spanische Damascene (syn. of Spanish Damask), 546

Liegel’s Zwillingspflaume (syn. of Jumelles de Liegel), 474

Liegel Unvergleichliche, 484

Lillian Augusta, 484

Lillie, 484

Lincoln, 266

Lindley, quoted, 229

Lindow’sche Frühe Werder’sche Pflaume, 484

Lindsay, 484

Lindsay’s Seedling (syn. of Lindsay), 484

Little, 485

Little Black Damask (syn. of Black Damask), 404

Little Blue Gage (syn. of Early Blue), 438

Little Date (syn. of Datilles), 428

Little Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Little Queen Claude or Claudia; Little Reine Claude (syns. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Little Seedling (syn. of Little), 485

Livingston Manor (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Livlandscher bierpflaume (syn. of Livland), 485

Livland, 485

Lizzie, 485

Lockey, 485

Lombard, 268

Lombard group, 33, 34

Lombard Plum (syn. of Lombard), 268

Lombard (syn. of Lombard), 268

Lombard (syn. of Red Gage), 527

London Plum or Plumb (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Lone Star, 485

Long Blue, 485

Long Damson (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Long Fruit, 270

Long Fruit (syn. of Red June), 324

Long Fruited (syn. of Long Fruit), 270

Long Leaf Wonderful, 485

Long Red, 485

Long Scarlet, 485

Long Violet Damascene, 486

Long Violet Damask (syn. of Damas Violet), 427

Longworth, 486

Longworth, Nicholas, var. orig. by, 486

Lord, Orville Morell, life of, 331; var. orig. by, 331, 482

Lot d’Ente, 486

Lot d’Ente (syn. of Agen), 138

Lotta (syn. of Lottie), 486

Lottie, 486

Louis, Simon, var. orig. by, 445

Louisa, 486

Louis Brun (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Louise-Brune, 486

Louise Brune (syn. of Louise-Brune), 486

Louisen’s Braune Damascene (syn. of Louise-Brune), 486

Louisiana, 486

Louis Philipp or Philippe (syns. of Washington), 368

Louis Philippe (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Lovett, 486

Lovett Late, 487

Lovett’s Late Long Red (syn. of Lovett Late), 487

Lowry, 487

Lowry’s Gage (syn. of Lowry), 487

Lucas Frühzwetsche (syn. of Précoce de Lucas), 518

Lucas Königspflaume, 487

Luccombe’s Nonesuch (syn. of Lucombe), 271

Lucombe, 271

Lucombe, var. orig. by, 271

Lucombe’s Nonesuch (syn. of Lucombe), 271

Lucombe’s Nonsuch (syn. of Lucombe), 271

Lucombe’s Unvergleichliche (syn. of Lucombe), 271

Luedloff, 487

Luedloff, Charles, var. orig. by, 406, 469, 487, 503, 547

Luedloff Green, 487

Luedloff Red, 487

Luedloff’s Green (syn. of Luedloff Green), 487

Luedloff’s Red (syn. of Luedloff Red), 487

Luedloff’s Seedling (syn. of Luedloff), 487

Luizet, M., var. orig. by, 441

Lunn, 487

Luscombe, 487

Luscombe’s Seedling (syn. of Luscombe), 487

Lutts, 487

Lyon, 488

Lyon Apricot, 488

Macedonia, 488

Mackland, 488

MacLanglin (syn. of McLaughlin), 276

MacLaughlin (syn. of McLaughlin), 276

Macomber, 488

Macomber, J. T., var. orig. by, 453

Macomber, L. M., var. orig. by, 180, 510, 520

Macomber No. 1 and No. 2, 488

Madame Henri Deschars, 488

Madame Nicolle, 488

Madam Leeds, 488

Madeleine, 488

Madeleine (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Madison (syn. of Denniston Superb), 431

Madison, 488

Magnum Bonum (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Mailändische Kaiserpflaume (syn. of Impériale de Milan), 467

Mainzer Frühzwetsche, 489

Maître Claude (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

Majestic Damson, 489

Mallard, 489

Mamelon (syn. of Mamelonnée), 489

Mamelonnée (syn. of St. Etienne), 537

Mamelonnée, 489

Mamelon Sageret (syn. of Mamelonnée), 489

Mammola (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Mammoth July (syn. of Culberson), 425

Mangeron (syn. of Maugeron), 492

Manitoba, 489

Manitoba No. 1, 489

Manitoba Seedlings, 489

Mankato, 489

Manning, 489

Manning’s Long Blue; Manning’s Long Blue Prune; Manning’s Prune (syns. of Manning), 489

Mann’s Brandy Gage; Mann’s Imperial (syns. of Brandy Gage), 408

Maquoketa, 271

Maraichère (syn. of Quetsche Maraichère), 524

Marais des Cygne, 490

Marange, 490

Marble, 490

Marbled-Plum, 490

Marble Plum (syn. of Marbled-Plum), 490

Marcellus, 490

Marcus, 490

Mardy, 490

Margate, 490

Marian (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Marianna, 273

Marietta, 490

Marigan, 491

Marion, 491

Marjorie, 491

Marketman, 491

Market Plum (syn. of Golden Cherry), 228

Markle, E., var. orig. by, 177

Marmorierte Eierpflaume, 491

Marokko Pflaume (syn. of Morocco), 288

Marshall, quoted, 58, 83, 84

Marster, 491

Marster’s (syn. of Marster), 491

Marten, 491

Marten’s Seedling (syn. of Marten), 491

Maru, 275

Marunka (syn. of Merunka), 494

Mary, 491

Maryland, 491

Mas, 492

Mas, M., quoted, 497; var. orig. by, 443

Mason, 492

Mason, var. orig. by, 492

Massot (syn. of Oullins), 303

Matchless (syn. of Red Diaper, 323; of Violet Diaper, 365)

Matchless, 492

Mathews, 492

Mathews, B. A., var. orig. by, 492

Matthews (syn. of Mathews), 492

Mauchete, 492

Maude Lacy, 492

Maugeron, 492

Maugeron; Maugeron Damask (syn. of Maugeron), 492

Maugiron (syn. of Maugeron), 492

Mayerboeck Zwetsche, 492

Mayerboeck’s Rote Zwetsche (syn. of Mayerboeck Zwetsche), 492

Mayer Hellrote, 493

Mayer Königspflaume, 493

Mayers Braunrothe Königspflaume (syn. of Mayers Rothe Damascene), 493

Mayer’s Hellrothe Damascene (syn. of Mayer Hellrote), 493

Mayers Rothe Damascene, 493

Mayers Rothe Damascene (syn. of Mayers Rothe Damascene), 493

Maynard, 275

McCance, M. E., var. orig. by, 378

McCartney, 493

McCauley’s Seedling (syn. of Cambell), 414

McGillivray, 493

McLaughlin, 276

McLaughlin, James, var. orig. by, 277, 514

McLaughlin’s Gage Plum (syn. of McLaughlin), 276

McMahon, Bernard, quoted, 30, 38

McPherson, 493

McRea, 493

Mead, H. O., var. orig. by, 493

Meads, 493

Meads Seedling Plum (syn. of Meads), 493

Mediterranean, 493

Meigs, 493

Melon, 493

Melnicker Zwetsche, 493

Meneray, 494

Mereton, 494

Mereton’s Egg (syn. of Mereton), 494

Meroldt, 494

Meroldt, Dr., var. orig. by, 494

Meroldt’s Gelbe Reine-Claude; Meroldt’s Golden Gage; Meroldt’s Reineclaude (syn. of Meroldt), 494

Merryweather, 494

Merryweather, H., var. orig. by, 494

Merton’s Egg (syn. of Mereton), 494

Merunka, 494

Merville d’Automne, 494

Meyer, 494

Miama, 494

Miami (syn. of Miama), 494

Michaelis Pflaume (syn. of September Damask), 542

Middleburg, 278

Middleburgh (syn. of Middleburg), 278

Mignonne, 495

Mikado (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Miles, 495

Miller (syn. of Improved French Prune), 467

Miller, 495

Miller, Colonel Charles, var. orig. by, 279

Miller, David J., var. orig. by, 445, 495

Miller No. 1, 495

Miller No. 5, 495

Miller’s Early (syn. of Silva Köning Claudie), 543

Miller Superb, 279

Millett, 495

Millett Early Red, 495

Millett’s Early Red (syn. of Millett Early Red), 495

Millett, T. T., 495

Millett Very Early Red, 495

Millett’s Very Early Red (syn. of Millett Very Early Red), 495

Millett’s Wild Plum (syn. of Millett), 495

Mills, 496

Mills Seedling, 496

Milton, 280

Milton Gage, 496

Mimms; Mimms Pflaume; Mimms Plum (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Minco, 496

Miner, 281

Minette (syn. of Guthrie Late), 236

Minion, 496

Minner (syn. of Miner), 281

Minnesota, 496

Minnesota Seedling, 496

Minnesota (syn. of Rollingstone), 330

Minnetonka, 496

Minnie, 496

Minsterworth (syn. of Gloucestershire Violet), 452

Mirababelle; Mirabel; Mirabelle; Mirabelle abricotée, Blanche, de Metz, de Vienne, Jaune, Perle, Perlée, Petite, précoce, Simple, Verte (syns. of Mirabelle), 284

Mirabelle, 283

Mirabelle (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Mirabelle Abricotée (syn. of Aprikosenartige Mirabelle), 396

Mirabelle de Berthold (syn. of Early Mirabelle), 439

Mirabelle de Bohn, 496

Mirabelle de Bohn (syn. of Mirabelle de Bohn), 496

Mirabelle de Doerell (syn. of Dorell Aprikosenpflaume), 434

Mirabelle de Flotow, 497

Mirabelle de Metz (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Mirabelle de Nancy (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Mirabelle de Rangheri (syn. of Rangheri), 526

Mirabelle de Ronvaux, 497

Mirabelle d’Octobre (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Mirabelle Double, Double de Metz, Drap d’Or, Grosse, Grosse de Nancy, grosse double de Metz, la grosse, Perlée; Mirabellen (syns. of Drap d’Or), 194

Mirabelle Double de Herrenhausen, 497

Mirabelle Gloire de Louveciennes (syn. of Gloire de Louveciennes), 452

Mirabelle group, discussion of, 40, 41

Mirabelle Hâtive de Rangheri (syn. of Rangheri), 526

Mirabelle La Plus Hâtive de Flotow (syn. of Mirabelle de Flotow), 497

Mirabelle Précoce (syn. of Early Mirabelle), 439

Mirabelle Précoce de Flaford, 497

Mirabelle Rangheri; Mirabelle Rangheris (syns. of Rangheri), 526

Mirabelle Rayee (syn. of Mirabelle de Bohn), 496

Mirabelle Rouge (syn. of Myrobalan, 290; of Rote Mirabelle, 533)

Mirabelle Tardive (syn. of Late Mirabelle, 263; of Saint Catherine, 334)

Mirabelle Tardive Mme. H. Deschars (syn. of Madame Henri Deschars), 488

Mirabelle Vert Double (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Mirabelle Verte, 497

Mirabelle von Metz (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Mirabilon; Mirabolan; Mirabolane; Mirabolanenpflaume; Mirobalan (syns. of Myrobalan), 290

Miracle, 285

Miriam (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Mirian (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Miser; Miser Plum (syns. of Myrobalan), 290

Mission Prune, 497

Mississippi, 497

Mississippi Red (syn. of Mississippi), 497

Missouri, 497

Missouri Apricot (syn. of Golden Beauty), 226

Missouri Green Gage, 498

Mistake, 498

Mitchelson, 498

Mitchelson; Mitchelson’s (syns. of Mitchelson), 498

Mitchelson, var. orig. by, 498

Miviam; Mivian (syns. of Early Royal), 201

Mivian, 498

Mixed Arab (syn. of Early Red), 440

Mixed Arab (syn. of Black Arabka), 404

M. J. De Wolf, 498

M’Laughlin (syn. of McLaughlin), 276

Mogol Plum; Mogule Pflaume; Mogol; Mogul Plum; Mogul’s Pflaume; Mogule; Mogule Plumb (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Mogul (syn. of Morocco), 288

Mogul Rouge (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Moldavka (syn. of Blue Moldavka), 405

Moldavka (syn. of Voronesh), 365

Mollie, 498

Molly (syn. of Mollie), 498

Monarch, 286

Monarque (syn. of Monarch), 286

Monolith, 498

Monon, 498

Monona, 498

Monroe, 287

Monroe Egg; Monroe Gage (syns. of Monroe), 287

Monsieur (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Monsieur à Fruit Vert, 498

Monsieur; Monsieur Ordinaire (syns. of Orleans), 302

Monsieur; Monsieur Hâtif; Monsieur Hâtif de Montmorency; Monsieur Hâtive (syns. of Early Orleans), 198

Monsieur; Monsieur’s Plum (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Monsieur à Fruits Jaune; Monsieur à Fruits Jaunes (syns. of Yellow Imperatrice), 569

Monsieur de Smith (syn. of Smith Orleans), 348

Monsieur Hâtif de Foote (syn. of Foote), 446

Monsieur Jaune (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Monsieur Jaune (syn. of Yellow Imperatrice), 569

Monsieur Noir Tardif (syn. of Late Orleans), 265

Monsieur Tardif (syn. of Suisse), 549

Monsieur tardif (syn. of German Prune), 219

Monsieur tardif de Knevett (syn. of Nelson), 503

Monsieur Tardive (syn. of Suisse), 549

Monstreuse de Bavay; Monstrueuse de Bavay (syns. of Bavay), 155

Monstrueuse d’Oullins (syn. of Oullins), 303

Mont Barbat d’Ente, 499

Montfort Pflaume (syn. of De Montfort), 430

Montgomery (syn. of Hand), 239

Montgomery, 499

Montgomery Prune (syn. of Lombard, 268; of Montgomery, 499)

Montmorency, 499

Montreuil (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Montreal No. 60 (syn. of Lunn), 487

Montreal, 499

Moon, 499

Moody, 499

Mooney (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Moore, A. T., var. orig. by, 151

Moore Early, 499

Moore’s Early (syn. of Moore Early), 499

Mooreman (syn. of Moreman), 288

Moore’s Arctic; Moore Arctic (syns. of Arctic), 150

Morel, M. F., var. orig. by, 517

Moreman, 288, 499

Moreman Cherry (syn. of Moreman), 499

Moreman Prune (syn. of Benson), 401

Moreman’s Cherry (syn. of Aurora), 397

Morillen Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Morines, 499

Morin Hâtif, 499

Morocco, 288

Morocco (syn. of Morocco), 288

Morocco (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Morocco Pflaume (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Moroccopflaume (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Morocco Plumb (syn. of Morocco), 288

Morton, Thomas, quoted, 93

Moschatelle (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Mottled Prune, 289

Mouchetée (syn. of Mauchete), 492

Mountain, 499

Mountain Plum, 500

Mount Royal, 500

Moyen, 500

Moyen de Bourgogne (syn. of Moyen de Bourgoyne), 500

Moyen de Bourgoyne, 500

Moyer, 500

Moyeu de Bourgogne (syn. of Early Perdrigon), 439

Moyret, 500

Moyret’s Gage; Moyret’s Reine Claude (syns. of Moyret), 500

Mrs. Cleveland (syn. of Cleveland), 419

Mrs. Bleeker’s Large Red (syn. of Bleeker Large Red), 405

Mrs. Clifford (syn. of Clifford), 419

Mudson, 500

Mulberry, 500

Muldraugh, 500

Muldraugh’s-hill Plum (syn. of Muldraugh), 500

Mule, 500

Muncey (syn. of Muncy), 501

Münchenpflaume (syn. of September Damask), 542

Muncy, 501

Munson, 501

Munson, Thomas Volney, plum investigations of, 88, 89; var. orig. by, 402, 412, 496

Munson (syn. of Abundance), 136

Murdy, 501

Murray’s Reine Claude or Claudia (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Muscadine (syn. of Myrobalan, 290; of Queen Mother, 522)

Musk Damask (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Musk Damson, 501

Musk’d Damask; Muskierte Damascene (syns. of Musk Damson), 501

Muskirte Gelbe Damascene (syn. of Damas Jaune Musque), 427

Muscat Free, 501

Musk Perdrigon, 502

Muscle, 501

Mussel (syn. of Scioto), 541

Mussel; Mussell; Mussell Plum (syns. of Muscle), 501

Mussey, 502

Musque de Malta (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Musquée de Besztercze (syn. of Hungarian Musk Prune), 465

Myrobalan; Myrobalane; Myrobolan; Myrobalans (syns. of Myrobalan), 290

Myrobalan, 290

Myrobalan Jaune (syn. of Gelbe Kirschpflaume), 450

Nagate-Maru, 502

Nagate no Botankyo (syn. of Red June), 324

Nagats-Maru (syn. of Nagate-Maru), 502

Nagatus maru (syn. of Nagate-Maru), 502

Naples, 502

Native Red, 502

N. C. Seedling (syn. of North Carolina), 507

Nebraska, 502

Nebraska Seedling, 502

Nebraska Wonder, 502

Nectarine, 291

Nectarine (syn. of Goliath, 231; of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309)

Nectarine Plum (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Nectarine Rouge (syn. of Peach), 309

Neils, 502

Nellie, 502

Nellie Blanche, 503

Nelly (syn. of Nellie), 502

Nelson, 503

Nelson’s Victory (syn. of Nelson), 503

Neue Weisse Kaiserin (syn. of White Queen), 564

New Orleans (syn. of Early Orleans), 199

Never Fail, 503

New American, 503

New Apricot of Braunau (syn. of Liegel Apricot), 484

Newark, 291

New Early Orleans (syn. of Early Orleans), 198

New Goderich, 503

New Golden Drop (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

New Green Gage, 503

New Large Bullace, 503

New Large Bullace (syn. of New Large Bullace), 503

Newman, 292

New Orleans (syn. of Early Orleans), 199

Newton, 503

Newton Egg (syn. of Newtown Egg), 503

Newtown Egg, 503

New Transparent Gage (syn. of Early Transparent Gage), 440

New Ulm, 293

New Washington (syn. of Washington), 368

New Wine Sour, 504

New York Purple (syn. of Brevoort Purple), 408

Niagara (syn. of Bradshaw), 166

Nicholas, 295

Niemburg Egg; Nienburger Eierpflaume (syns. of Nienburger Egg Plum), 504

Nienburger Egg Plum, 504

Nikitaer Blaue Frühzwetsche, 504

Nikitaer Dattelzwetsche, 504

Nikitaer Frühe Königspflaume; Nikitaner Frühe Königspflaume; Nikita’s Frühe Königs Pflaume (syns. of Early Royal of Nikita), 440

Nikitaer Hahnenpflaume, 504

Nikitaner Hahnenhode (syn. of Nikitaer Hahnenpflaume), 504

Nikko, 504

Nimon, 504

Noble Précoce (syn. of Edle Early), 441

Noire Americaine, 504

Noire de Montreuil (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Noire de Montreuil, 504

Noire Hâtif (syn. of Morocco), 288

Noire Hâtive (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Noisette, M., var. orig. by, 550

Nolan, 504

Nolen Plum (syn. of Wild Goose), 378

Nolton Ungarische, 505

Nome, 505

Nona, 505

Nonesuch; Nonsuch (syns. of Lucombe), 271

Nonpareil (syn. of Incomparable), 467

Norbert, 505

Norbert; Norbert’s Pflaume (syns. of Norbert), 505

Norby, 505

Norby, A., var. orig. by, 505

Norby No. 1, 505

Norby No. 11, 505

Norman, 505

Normand, Joseph L., life of, 506; var. orig. by, 451, 486, 506

Normand; Normand Japan; Normand’s Japan; Normand Yellow (syns. of Georgeson), 218

Normande précoce (syn. of Early Normandy), 439

Normand No. 5 (syn. of Alabama), 392

Normand No. 15 (syn. of Louisiana), 486

Normand Perdrigon, 505

Normand No. 5, 506; No. 11, 506; No. 12, 506; No. 15, 506; No. 16, 506; No. 17, 506; No. 18, 507; No. 19, 507; No. 20, 507

Normand’s Seedlings, 506

Normannischer Perdrigon; Norman Perdrigon (syns. of Normand Perdrigon), 505

North, 507

North, Professor, var. orig. by, 507

North Carolina, 507

North Carolina Seedling (syn. of North Carolina), 507

North’s Seedling (syn. of North), 507

North Star, 507

Nota Bene, 507

Nota Bene de Corse (syn. of Nota Bene), 507

Nouvelle; Nouvelle De Dorrel; Nouvelle De Dorelle; Nouveau De Dorrelle (syns. of Dorell), 434

Nouvelle Goutte d’Or (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

November Gage, 507

Noyes, 507

Noyes, Mrs., var. orig. by, 507

Noyes’ Seedling (syn. of Noyes), 507

No. 3 (syn. of Early Red), 440

No. 11 (syn. of Norby No. 11), 505

113 Riga (syn. of Merunka), 494

116 Riga (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

No. 31,288 (syn. of First), 446

Nurseries, commercial, early origin of, 323-325

Nutmeg (syn. of Christian, 418; of Wheat, 563)

Nutmeg, 508

Oakley Park Wild, 508

Oatey, 508

Oberdieck, quoted, 263, 433

Oberdieck Gestreifte Eierpflaume, 508

Oberdiecks Frühe Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Early Apricot), 437

Oberholtzer, George U., var. orig. by, 416

Oberley, 508

Oberley’s Greenwood (syn. of Oberley), 508

Occident, 295

Ocheda (syn. of Ocheeda), 296

Ocheeda, 296

October, 297, 508

October Gage (syn. of Frost Gage), 216

October Green Gage (syn. of Late Reine Claude), 481

October Mirabelle (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

October Purple (syn. of October), 297

Oddy, 508

Oddy’s (syn. of Oddy), 508

Odegaard (syn. of Odegard), 508

Odegard, 508

Odell, 508

Oeil de Boeuf; Oeuil-de-Boeuf (syns. of Jerusalem), 472

Oeuf Rouge (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Ogan (syn. of Ogon), 298

Ogden (syn. of Ogon), 298

Ogeechee, 508

Oglesby, 508

Ogon, 298

Ogon (syn. of Ogon), 298

O-Hatankyo; O-hattankio (syn. of Chabot), 172

Ohio, 509

Ohio Prolific (syn. of Ohio), 509

Okaw, 509

Oktoberpflaume (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Oku Botan, 509

Old Apricot (syn. of Apricot), 148

Old Gold, 509

Old Hickory (syn. of Miner), 281

Old Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

Olive, 509

Ollie, 509

Olson, 509

Omaha, 509

Omega, 509

Onderdonk, Gilbert, life of, 392; var. orig. by, 392, 421, 439, 472, 501, 516

Onderka Damascene, 509

Onderka (syn. of Onderka Damascene), 509

Ontario, 509

Opata, 509

Orange, 300, 510

Orange; Orange Gage (syns. of Orange), 300

Orange Cherry, 510

Orange’s Cherry Plum (syn. of Orange Cherry), 510

Orel 19; Orel No. 19 (syn. of Long Red), 485

Orel No. 20 (syn. of Long Blue), 485

Orel No. 21, 510

Oren, J. K., var. orig. by, 301

Oren, 300

Orenge, 510

Orient (syn. of Chabot), 172

Oriental, 510

Orillia, 510

Oriole (syn. of Abundance), 136

Orleans, 302

Orleans (syn. of Early Orleans), 199

Orleans; Orleans Red Damask (syns. of Orleans), 302

Orleans Late Black (syn. of Late Orleans), 265

Osage, 510

Osage 48 (syn. of Osage), 510

Osterreichische Pflaume (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Oswego (syn. of Pond), 314

Ottoman; Ottomanische Kaiserpflaume (syns. of Imperial Ottoman), 467

Ottoman Seedling, 510

Ouillin’s Gage, Golden, Golden Gage or Green Gage (syns. of Oullins), 303

Oullins, 303

Outremont, 510

Oval Blood (syn. of Occident), 295

Ovalrunde Spreckel Pflaume (syn. of Gisborne), 451

Overall, 510

Owatonna, 510

Owen, 511

Owen Sound Beauty (syn. of Owen), 511

Oxford, 511

Oyama, 511

Pacific, 305

Pacific; Pacific Prune (syns. of Pacific), 305

Paddock, Captain, var. orig. by, 511

Paddock Magnum Bonum, 511

Paine, 511

Paine, A. W., var. orig. by, 511

Paine’s Seedling (syn. of Paine), 511

Paisan Blanche, 511

Paisan Blanche et Double (syn. of Paisan Blanche), 511

Paisan Noire, 511

Palatine, 307

Palmer, 511

Pander, 511

Papeleu, 512

Pappaconi, 512

Paquet, 512

Paquet, C. G., var. orig. by, 513

Paragon (syn. of Chabot), 172

Pardee, S. D., var. orig. by, 395

Paris Belle (syn. of Texas Belle), 552

Park, 512

Parker, 512

Parker’s Mammoth (syn. of Washington), 368

Parkinson, John, quoted, 28, 32, 373, 394, 421, 433, 441, 450, 455, 490, 509, 510, 513, 543, 559

Parmentier (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

Parrott, 512

Parsonage, 512

Parsons (syn. of Miner), 281

Partridge, 512

Pasqua, 512

Paterson’s (syn. of Gisborne), 451

Pathfinder, 512

Patten, A., 513

Patten, B., 513

Patten, C. G., var. orig. by, 513

Patten No. 40 (syn. of Apple), 396

Paul, J. M., var. orig. by, 308

Paul Early, 308

Paul’s Earliest (syn. of Paul Early), 308

Paul Wolf (syn. of Bender), 401

P. biferum (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

P. Damascena Armeniacea (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Peach (syn. of Knudson), 477

Peach (syn. of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309; of White Virginal, 565)

Peach, 309

Peach Leaf, 513

Peachleaf (syn. of Peach Leaf), 513

Peach-leaved (syn. of Kanawha), 474

Peach Plum (syn. of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309)

Peach Plum (syn. of Peach-plum), 513

Peach-plum, 513

Peake, 513

Pearl, 310, 513

Pear Plum, 513

Pearson, H. A., quoted, 340, 435

Peasant, 513

Peascod Plum (syn. of White Peascod), 564

Pêche; Pêche de Calvel (syns. of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309)

Peerless, 513

Peffer, G. P., var. orig. by, 406, 467

Peffer’s Premium (syn. of Premium), 518

Pekin, 513

Pendent, 514

Penn, William, quoted, 20

Penning, 514

Penning, Martin, var. orig. by, 356, 507, 514

Penning Peach, 514

Penning’s Free (syn. of Penning), 514

Pennock, 514

Pennock, C. E., var. orig. by, 514, 550

Pennock’s Hybrid (syn. of Pennock), 514

Penobscot, 514

Peoly Early Blue, 514

Perdigevena; Perdigon; Perdrigon; Perdrigon Violet or Violette (syns. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Perdrigon Bariole (syn. of Bunter Perdrigon), 412

Perdrigon blanc (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

Perdrigon de Brignole; Perdrigon de Brignole Gros (syns. of Brignole), 409

Perdrigon de Normandie (syn. of Normand Perdrigon), 505

Perdrigon des Alpes, 514

Perdrigon group, 31, 32

Perdrigon Hâtif (syn. of Drap d’Or), 194

Perdrigon hâtif or hâtive (syns. of Early Perdrigon), 439

Perdrigon Jaune (syn. of Drap d’Or), 195

Perdrigon Normand (syn. of Normand Perdrigon), 506

Perdrigon of Cernay, 514

Perdrigon rouge (syn. of Red Perdrigon), 528

Perdrigon Tardif, 515

Perdrigon Violet (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Perdrigon Violet Hâtif (syn. of Early Perdrigon), 439

Perfection (syn. of Wickson), 376

Perry’s Seedling (syn. of Oriental), 510

Pershore, 515

Pershore Yellow Egg (syn. of Pershore), 515

Persing Nos. 1, 2 (syn. of Burbank), 170

Peters, 312

Peter’s Large Yellow; Peter’s Yellow Gage; Peters’ Yellow Gage; Peters Yellow Gage (syns. of Peters), 312

Peterson, var. orig. by, 143

Petit Bricette (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Petit Damas Blanc (syn. of Small White Damson), 545

Petit Damas Rouge (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Petit Damas Vert (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Petit Drap d’Or (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Petite (syn. of Agen), 138

Petite Bricette (syn. of Saint Catherine, 334; of Late Mirabelle, 263)

Petite d’Agen (syn. of Agen), 138

Petite Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Petite Prune or Prune d’Agen (syns. of Agen), 138

Petite Quetsche Sucrée, 515

Petite Reine-Claude (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Petit-Monsieur (syn. of Marange), 490

Petit prunallier (syn. of Sloe), 544

Petit Saint Julien (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Pfirschenpflaume (syn. of Goliath), 231

Pflaume Mit dem Pfirsichblatt or mit dem Pfirschenblatt (syns. of Italian Prune), 253

Pflaume Ohne Steine (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Pflaume Von Gondin (syn. of Gondin), 454

Pflaume von St. Etienne (syn. of St. Etienne), 537

Philippe I (syn. of Washington), 368

Phillips, Henry, quoted, 29

Phiolenartige Gelbe Zwetsche, 515

Pickett, var. orig. by, 329

Pickett’s July (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Pigeon’s Heart (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Pilot, 515

Pink Damson, 515

Pioneer Prune, 515

Piper, 515

Piper’s Peach (syn. of Piper), 515

Piram, 516

Pissardi, 516

Pitch Plum (syn. of Moyen), 500

Pitless (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Plantz, 516

Plantz’s Seedling (syn. of Plantz), 516

Platt, Judge, var. orig. by, 269

Platte Hellrothe Königspflaume (syn. of Procureur), 520

Plattman, J. H., var. orig. by, 411

Plattman’s Bunker Hill (syn. of Bunker Hill), 411

Plattrunde Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Aplatie), 523

Pliny, quoted, 16, 17, 28, 36

Plumcot (syn. of Rutland Plumcot), 333

Plum crop, production of, in U. S. in 1899, 100

Plum culture, 100

Plum de l’Inde (syn. of Pond), 314

Plum growing, location of, in New York, 100

Plum of Louvain (syn. of Belle de Louvain), 400

Plums, blooming dates and season of ripening of, 105-109; characteristics of, 6-9; conspectus of species of, 9-11; cultivation of, 120-121; discussion of insects detrimental to, 131-135; diversity of kinds of, 4-6; hardiness of, 102-104; harvesting and marketing of, 122-125; locations and soils for, 113, 114; minor diseases of, 129-131; pollination of, 110; setting of trees of, 120; sexual affinities of varieties of, 112-113; subjection of, to diseases, 125; varieties of, grown in New York, 101

Plum Simon (syn. of Simon), 346

Plunk, 516

Podiebrader Pflaume (syn. of Red Perdrigon), 528

Poiteau, quoted, 428

Pomology, origin of, in America, 18-26

Pomona, 516

Pomaria, 516

Pomeranzen Zwetsche (syn. of Orange), 300

Pond, 313

Pond, var. orig. by, 314

Pond Seedling; Pond’s Purple; Pond’s Samling; Pond’s Seedling (syns. of Pond), 314

Pond Purple, 516

Pond’s Purple (syn. of Pond Purple), 516

Pond’s Seedling (syn. of Pond Purple), 516

Pond’s Seedling (English) (syn. of Pond), 314

Pontbriant, 517

Pontford, 517

Pontotoc, 517

Poole; Poole’s Pride (syns. of Poole Pride), 315

Poole Pride, 315

Porsch Rote Zwetsche, 517

Pottawattamie, 517

Potter, 517

Poupart, 517

Poupart’s (syn. of Poupart), 517

Pourprée De Duane; Pourpré Duane (syns. of Duane), 196

Pourprée de Pond (syn. of Pond), 314

Pourprée Impériale (syn. of Imperial Purple), 467

Powell Damson, 517

Prairie (syn. of Prairie Flower), 517

Prairie Flower, 517

Prairie Flower (syn. of Prairie Flower), 517

Prairie Rose, 517

Pratt, D. U., var. orig. by, 396

Précoce (syn. of White Virginal), 565

Précoce Biondeck (syn. of Biondeck), 403

Précoce De Bergthold (syn. of Early Mirabelle), 439

Précoce Defresne, 517

Précoce de Freudenberg, 517

Précoce de Freudenberg (syn. of Précoce de Freudenberg), 517

Précoce de Lucas, 518

Précoce de Lucas (syn. of Précoce de Lucas), 518

Précoce de Reutlinger, 518

Précoce de Reutlinger Prune (syn. of Précoce de Reutlinger), 518

Précoce de Rivers (syn. of Early Favorite), 438

Précoce de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Précoce Veritable (syn. of Wahre Frühzwetsche), 560

Premium, 518

Preserver, 518

President, 518

President Courcelle (syn. of President Courcelles), 518

President Courcelles, 518

President Wilder (syn. of Wilder), 565

Presley, 519

Price, 519

Pride (syn, of Shipper), 341

Pride of Waterloo (syn. of Pond), 314

Pride of Waterloo? (syn. of Pride of Waterloo), 519

Pride of Waterloo, 519

Primate, 519

Primordian (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Prince (syn. of Gloucestershire Violet), 452

Prince, 519

Prince, William, life of, 389; quoted, 23, 24, 30, 38, 231, 310, 369, 417; var. orig. by, 252, 369, 389, 467, 519, 520, 527

Prince, William Robert, life of, 24; quoted, 31

Prince Albert? (syn. of Wales), 366

Prince De Galles (syn. of Wales), 366

Prince Engelbert; Prince Englebert (syns. of Englebert), 204

Prince of Wales (syn. of Wales), 366

Prince’s Blue Primordian (syn. of Prince Primordian), 520

Prince Early Damson, 519

Prince’s Early Purple (syn. of Prince Early Damson), 519

Prince’s Gage (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

Prince’s Gage (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Prince’s Gelbe Reine-Claude (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

Prince’s Imperial Gage (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Prince’s Kaiser Reine-Claude (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Prince Orange Egg, 519

Prince’s Orange Egg (syn. of Prince Orange Egg), 519

Prince Orange Gage, 519

Prince Primordian, 520

Prince’s Red Gage (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Prince’s Rote Reine-Claude (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Prince’s White Gage (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Prince’s Yellow Gage (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

Pringle, 520

Pringle Blue, 520

Pringle Purple, 520

Prinz Engelbert (syn. of Englebert), 204

Prinzens Kaiser Reine Claude (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Prinzens rothe Reineclaude (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Prinzessinpflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Prinzessin Pflaume (syn. of Imperatrice, 249; of Red Diaper, 323)

Prinz Von Wales (syn. of Wales), 366

Prochaska, Herr, var. orig. by, 142

Procureur, 520

Prof. Budd (syn. of Budd), 410

Prof. Craig (syn. of Craig), 424

Prof. Goff (syn. of Goff), 452

Prof. Price (syn. of Price), 519

Prof. Wittmack, 520

Profuse, 520

Prolific (syn. of Crittenden, 184; of Hale, 237)

Prolific Damson (syn. of Crittenden), 184

Prolifique Hâtive (syn. of Early Rivers), 200

Proune bissioque (Roumanie) (syn. of Hungarian Musk Prune), 465

Provence Damask (syn. of Damas de Provence), 426

Provencer Königspflaume (syn. of Damas de Provence), 426

Provinz Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Pointue), 524

Pruine Damson? (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Prunallier (syn. of Sloe), 544

Prune (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Prune-Abricot; Prune Abricote, Abricotée, Abricotée Blanche, Abricotée de Tours (syns. of Apricot), 148

Prune-Abricot de Royer (syn. of Royer Aprikosen Pflaume), 535

Prune Abricotée Rouge (syn. of Red Apricot), 321

Prune à Fleurs Doubles or à fleurs semi-doubles (syns. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Prune Allemand (syn. of German Prune), 219

Pruneau, 520

Pruneau de Tours (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Pruneau Jaune de Reizenstein (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

Prune Autumn Gage (syn. of Autumn Gage), 398

Pruneaux de Tours (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Prune Bleue de Belgique (syn. of Belgian Purple), 157

Prune bifere (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Prune Buel’s Favorite (syn. of Buel), 411

Prune Celeste (syn. of Elsner Grüne Zwetsche), 442

Prune Cerise, Ceriset, Cerisette or Cerizette (syns. of Myrobalan), 290

Prune coeur de pigeon verd (syn. of Grüne Herzformige), 456

Prune Cordiforme (syn. of Herzformige Pflaume), 461

Prune d’Abricos (syn. of Red Apricot), 321

Prune d’Abricot (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Prune d’Abricot, d’Abricot bigarree, Blanch, de France or Ordinaire (syns. of Apricot), 148

Prune d’Abricot rouge (syn. of Red Apricot), 321

Prune d’Agen (syn. of Agen), 138

Prune d’Agen Double, 520

Prune d’Allemagne; d’Allemagne la commune (syns. of German Prune), 219

Prune d’Altesse (syn. of German Prune, 219; of Suisse, 549)

Prune de Altesse (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Prune d’Altesse blanche (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Prune d’Altesse Blanche (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Prune d’Amerique Rouge (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Prune d’Amour, 520

Prune Damas d’Italie (syn. of Italian Damask), 470

Prune Damas de Provence (syn. of Damas de Provence), 426

Prune Damas de Septembre (syn. of September Damask), 542

Prune Damas D’Espagne (syn. of Spanish Damask), 546

Prune Dame Aubert or d’Aubert (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Prune Damson (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Prune d’Ante or d’Ast (syns. of Agen), 138

Prune Datte (syn. of Date, 428; of Red Date, 322; of Weisse Kaiserin, 563)

Prune-Datte (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Prune Datte Violette (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Prune Dauphine (syn. of Dauphine), 428

Prune d’Automne, 520

Prune d’Automne de Schamal; Prune d’Automne de Schamali (syns. of Schamal), 540

Prune d’Autriche (syn. of Date, 428; of Hungarian, 246; of Red Date, 322)

Prune d’Avoine (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Prune de Bavay (syn. of Bavay), 155

Prune De Besançon (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Prune de Bordeaux (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Prune de Bordeaux (syn. of Saint Antoine), 537

Prune de Bourgoyne (syn. of Burgundy Prune), 412

Prune De Briançon (syn. of Briançon, 409; of Red Diaper, 323)

Prune de Brigantiaca (syn. of Briançon), 409

Prune de Brignole (syn. of Brignole), 409

Prune de Brignole (syn. of Agen), 138

Prune Decaisne (syn. of DeCaisne), 187

Prune de Catalogne (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Prune de Cheval (syn. of Horse), 464

Prune de Chypre (syn. of Chypre, 418; of Musk Damson, 501; of Red Diaper, 323)

Prune de Coulommiers (syn. of Coulommiers), 423

Prune de Délices (syn. of De Délice), 429

Prune de Deux Saisons (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Prune de Double (syn. of Double), 435

Prune de Gaillon (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Prune de Gondin (syn. of Gondin), 454

Prune de Jerusalem (syn. of Gelbe Jerusalempflaume, 450; of Jerusalem, 472)

Prune de Kirchhof (syn. of Capitaine Kirchhof), 414

Prune de Kirke (syn. of Kirke), 260

Prune de Laghouat, 520

Prune de la Gallissioniere (syn. of P. americana), 59

Prune de la Madeleine (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Prune de la St. Martin (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Prune de Lepine (syn. of Norbert), 505

Prune de Louvain (syn. of Belle de Louvain), 400

Prune de Malte or de Malthe (syns. of Musk Damson), 501

Prune de Milan (syn. of Impériale de Milan), 467

Prune de Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Prime de Monsieur (syn. of Early Tours, 202; of Orleans, 302; of Yellow Egg, 386)

Prune de Monsieur Hâtif or Hâtive (syns. of Early Orleans), 199

Prune de Monsieur Jaune or Varietè Jaune (syns. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Prune de Monsieur Tardive (syn. of Suisse), 549

Prune de Montfort (syn. of De Montfort), 430

Prune d’Ente (syn. of Agen), 138

Prune d’Ente (syn. of Sergeant), 339

Prune d’Ente Impériale, 521

Prune de Orange (syn. of Orange), 510

Prune de Paisan blanche and simple (syn. of Paisan Blanche), 511

Prune de Paisan Noire (syn. of Paisan Noire), 511

Prune de Pologne (syn. of Quetsche Dr. Létricourt), 524

Prune De Pontbriant (syn. of Pontbriant), 517

Prune de Prince (syn. of Norbert), 505

Prune de Prince (syn. of Prune de Seigneur), 521

Prune de Reine Claude (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Prune de Rudolphe, 521

Prune de Reizenstein (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

Prune de St. Barnabe (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Prune de Sainte Catherine (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Prune de St. Jean (syn. of Early St. John), 440

Prune de Saint-Jean (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Prune de St. Jean (syn. of St. John), 537

Prune de Savoye (syn. of Isle-Verte), 470

Prune des Béjonnieres (syn. of Béjonnières), 157

Prune Des Burettes (syn. of Burettes), 412

Prune de Seigneur, 521

Prune de Vacance (syn. of September Damask), 542

Prune de Virginie (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Prune de Wangenheim (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

Prune de Waterloo (syn. of Waterloo Pflaume), 561

Prune Diademe (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Prune Diaphane or Diaphane Laffay (syns. of Transparent), 360

Prune Diaprée Blanche (syn. of Diaprée Blanche), 432

Prune Diaprée Rouge (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Prune d’Inde Blanc or Blanche, d’Oeuf, or d’Oeuf blanche (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Prune d’Italie (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Prune d’oeuf or d’Oeuf Violette (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Prune d’Oeuf Marbrée (syn. of Marmorierte Eierpflaume), 491

Prune d’Orleans (syn. of Orleans), 302

Prune du Roi (syn. of Agen, 138; of Early Orleans, 199)

Prune Early Favorite (syn. of Early Favorite), 438

Prune Eugene Simon (syn. of Simon), 346

Prune-figue (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Prune Figue; Prune figue grosse rouge; (syns. of Red Date), 322

Prune Gonne (syn. of Gonne), 454

Prune Goutte d’Or De Coe (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

Prune Gros-Damas Violet (syn. of Damas Violet), 427

Prune Grosse Quetsche Nouvelle (syn. of Dorell), 434

Prune group, history of, in America, 30, 31; origin of, 30; specific characters of, 31; typical varieties of, 31

Prune Ileverte (syn. of Isle-Verte), 470

Prune Impératrice (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Prune Impératrice Blanche (syn. of White Impératrice), 375

Prune Impératrice Violette (syn. of German Prune), 219

Prune Impériale de Sharp (syn. of Sharp), 340

Prune Impériale Violette (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Prune Isabelle (syn. of Isabella), 469

Prune Jacinthe (syn. of Jacinthe), 471

Prune Kanawa (syn. of Kanawha), 474

Prune Kirke (syn. of Kirke), 260

Prune Lawrence’s Gage (syn. of Lawrence), 266

Prunelier (syn. of Sloe), 544

Prunelle (syn. of Orleans, 302; of Sloe, 544)

Prune-making, growth of, 31

Prune Maraichère (syn. of Quetsche Maraichère), 524

Prune-Massot (syn. of Oullins), 303

Prune Monarque (syn. of Monarch), 286

Prune Monsieur (syn. of Orleans), 302

Prune Monsieur Jaune (syn. of Early Yellow, 203; of Yellow Impératrice, 569)

Prune nain (syn. of Zwergpflaume), 571

Prune noire hâtive (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Prune nouvelle de Dorrel (syn. of Dorell), 434

Prune OEuf (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Prune-oeuf (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Pruneola (syn. of Sloe), 544

Prune-Pêche (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

Prune Pêche (syn. of Nectarine, 291; of Peach, 309)

Prune-Pêche (syn. of Goliath), 231

Prune-Pêche De Calvel (syn. of Peach), 309

Prune Perdrigon hâtif (syn. of Early Perdrigon), 439

Prune Perdrigon Normand (syn. of Normand Perdrigon), 506

Prune Petit Damas Blanc (syn. of Small White Damson), 545

Prune Plum (syn. of German Prune), 219

Prune poire grosse violette (syn. of Pear Plum), 513

Prune de Pologne (syn. of Quetsche Dr. Létricourt), 524

Prune Précoce? (syn. of White Virginal), 565

Prune Prince of Whales (syn. of Wales), 366

Prune qui fructifie deux fois l’an (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Prune Quetsch (syn. of German Prune), 219

Prune Reine Blanche (syn. of White Queen), 564

Prune Reine-Claude Gabriel Combes (syn. of Gabriel Combes), 449

Prune Reine Claude Violette (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Prune Reine Victoria (syn. of Victoria), 363

Prune Rouge De Bleeker (syn. of Lombard), 268

Prune Royale (syn. of Royal), 534

Prune Royale de Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Prunes, definition of, 30; process of making, 124-126

Prune Sainte-Catherine or Sainte-Catherine Jaune (syns. of Saint Catherine), 334

Prune Sans-Noyau (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Prune Sauvage (syn. of Sloe), 544

Prune Semi-double (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Prune Suisse (syn. of Italian Prune, 253; of Suisse, 549)

Prune Violet de Jerusalem (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Prune Violette D’Octobre (syn. of Saint Martin Quetsche), 538

Prune Virginale (syn. of White Virginal), 565

Prune Wangenheim Hâtive (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

Prune Washington Jaune (syn. of Washington), 368

Prune Zwetschen (syn. of German Prune), 219

Prunier à fleur semi-double (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Prunier Allemand (syn. of German Prune), 219

Prunier bifere (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Prunier d’Agen (syn. of Agen), 138

Prunier Damas à petit fruit blanc (syn. of Small White Damson), 545

Prunier Datte (syn. of Sergeant), 339

Prunier de Jerusalem (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Prunier de Saint Martin (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Prunier de Simon (syn. of Simon), 346

Prunier des Vacances (syn. of September Damask), 542

Prunier de Tillemond (syn. of Tillemond), 554

Prunier de Virginie (syn. of P. americana), 59

Prunier epineux (syn. of Sloe), 544

Prunier Fleurissant et Poussant Deux Fois (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Prunier Myrobolan (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Prunier qui fructifie deux fois par l’an (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Prunier Sainte-Catherine (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Prunier Saint-Julien (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Prunum Pyrinum praecox (syn. of Early Pear), 439

Prunus, differences between fruits of, 2, 3; genus, species included, 1; history of, 1, 2; horticultural value of, 4; variability of, 3, 4 acutifolia, 48 alleghaniensis, characters of, 72, 73; comparison of, with P. americana, 73; habitat of, 73, 74; specific description of, 72-74 Americana (syn. of P. hortulana), 64; (syn. of P. nigra), 69; adaptation of, to cross-pollination, 62, 63; characters of, 56, 57; history of, 58-61; introduction of, into Europe, 59; natural habitat of, 57, 58; specific description of, 56-63; tree and fruit characters of, 61, 62 Americana lanata (syn. of P. americana mollis), 63 Americana Mollis, specific description of, 63, 64 Americana Nigra (syn. of P. nigra), 69 angustifolia, characters of, 82; original habitat of, 82, 83; specific description of, 82-85 angustifolia varians, characters, 87, 88; specific description of, 87, 88 angustifolia watsoni, characters of, 85, 86; habitat of, 86; specific description of, 85-87 armeniaca dasycarpa, 48 bifera (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556 bokhariensis, 50 Calvellana (syn. of Early Perdrigon), 439 Catalana (syn. of Early Yellow), 203 Catalanica (syn. of Catalana), 415 Catalonica (syn. of Early Yellow), 203 Catelana (syn. of Early Yellow), 203 cerasifera (syn. of Myrobalan), 290; characters of, 45, 46; early history of, 46, 47; specific description of, 45-48; tree and fruit characters of, 47, 48 cerasifera atropurpurea, 48 Cerasifera Atropurpurea (syn. of Pissardi), 516 Cerasifera fructu majore (syn. of Myrobalan), 290 Cerasifera Fructu Minore (syn. of Kleine Kirschpflaume), 476 Cerasifera Zanthocarpa (syn. of Gelbe Kirschpflaume), 450 chicasa (syn. of P. augustifolia), 82 chicasa var. normalis (syn. of P. gracilis), 98 cocomilia, characters of, 44, 45; specific description of, 44, 45 cocomilia brutia, 45 cocomilia puberula, 45 cocomilia typica, 45 communis (syn. of P. insititia), 34; (syn. of P. triflora), 49 communis domestica (syn. of P. domestica), 12 contorta, 48 curdica, specific description of, 44 damascena dominicalis praecox (syn. of Early Orleans), 199 dasycarpa, 48 divaricata, 46, 47 domestica (syn. of P. triflora), 49; characters of, 12; division of and how divided, 26; history of, in America, 18-26; origin of, 12-18; specific description of, 12-34 Domestica Cereola (syn. of Reine Claude), 327 domestica insititia (syn. of P. insititia), 34 Domestica Juliana (syn. of Saint Julien), 335 domestica myrobalan (syn. of P. cerasifera), 45 Domestica var. cereola (syn. of Reine Claude), 327 Domestica var. Claudiana (syn. of Reine Claude), 327 elegans, 48 exigua, 13 fruticans, 43 gigantea, 48 gracilis, characters of, 98; natural habitat of, 98; specific description of, 98, 99 gravesii, comparison of, with P. maritima, 96, 97; characters of, 96; specific description of, 96, 97 hattan Tamari (syn. of P. triflora), 49 hispanica (syn. of Spanish Damask), 546 hortulana (syn. of P. munsoniana), 88; characters of, 64, 65; groups of hybrids included in, 65, 66; habitat of, 66, 67; specific description of, 64-68; value of, to American pomology, 67 hortulana mineri, specific description of, 68, 69 hortulana robusta, 232 hortulana robusta, discussion of group of, 67, 68 ichangana, 50 injucunda (syn. of P. umbellata injucunda), 79 insititia (syn. of Damson), 186; characters of, 34; comparison of, with P. domestica, 35, 36; discussion as to sub-species included in, 34, 35; groups included in, 39; habitat of, in the Old World, 37; history of, in America, 37-39; specific description of, 34-42 insititia glaberrima, 36 Insititia var. (syn. of Saint Julien), 335 italica (syn. of Italian Damask), 470; (syn. of P. domestica), 12 japonica (syn. of P. triflora), 49 lanata (syn. of P. americana mollis), 63 littoralis (syn. of P. maritima), 92 lutea, 13; (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451 maritima, characters of, 92; habitat of, 93, 94; specific description of, 92-96; value of, 94, 95 mitis, characters of, 80; specific description of, 80, 81 mollis (syn. of P. nigra), 69 monticola, characters of, 49; specific description of, 49 munsoniana, characters of, 88, 89; comparison of, with P. augustifolia, 90; habitat of, 90; horticultural value of, 91; leading varieties of, 91, 92; specific description of, 88-92 Myrobalan (syn. of P. cerasifera), 45 Myrobalana (syn. of Myrobalan), 290 Myrobolana (syn. of Myrobalan), 290 neustriensis (syn. of Normand Perdrigon), 506 nigra, characters of, 69, 70; comparison of, with P. americana, 71, 72; habitat of, 70, 71; specific description of, 69-72 œconomica (syn. of German Prune), 219; (syn. of P. domestica), 12 orthosepala, characters of, 97; specific description of, 97-98 oxycarpa, 13; (syn. of Bechstein Spitzpflaume), 400 pendula, 48 Pissardi (syn. of Pissardi), 516 Pissardii (syn. of Pissardi), 516 planteriensis, 48 pomarium, 36 provincialis (syn. of Damas de Provence), 426 pseudoarmeniaca, 45 pubescens (syn. of P. maritima), 92 rivularis, characters of, 99; specific description of, 99 rubella, 13 silvestris (syn. of Sloe), 544 Simoni (syn. of Simon), 346 Simonii (syn. of Simon), 346; characters of, 55; history of, 56; specific description of, 55, 56 Spinosa (syn. of Sloe), 544; characters of, 42; general discussion of, 43, 44; specific description of, 42-44 Spinosa coatanea, 42 Spinosa dasyphylla, 42 Spinosa flore-pleno, 42, 43 Spinosa, foliis lanceolatis (syn. of Sloe), 544 Spinosa macrocarpa, 43 Spinosa praecox, 42 Spinosa purpurea, 43 spinosa sessiliflora, 42 spinosa typica, 42 subcordata, characters of, 74; habitat of, 74, 75; specific description of, 74-77; typical form of, 76 subcordata kelloggii, specific description of, 77, 78 subrotunda, 13 subsylvestris, 36 sylvestris, 13 syriaca, 36 tarda, characters of, 81; specific description of, 81, 82 thibetica, 50 triflora, botanical differences of, 53, 54; characters of, 49, 50; early history of, 50-52; introduction of, into America, 52; natural habitat of, 51; specific description of, 49-55; value of fruit of, 52, 53; variability of, 54, 55 umbellata, characters of, 78; habitat of, 79; specific description of, 78, 79 umbellata injucunda, characters of, 79, 80; specific description of, 79, 80 ursina, 45 ursina flava, 45 vinaria, 13 watsoni (syn. of P. augustifolia watsoni), 85

Pseudo Mirabelle, 521

Purple Damson (syn. of Damson, 186; of Winter Damson, 567)

Purple Diaper (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Purple Egg (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum, 326)

Purple Egg (syn. of Hudson), 243

Purple Egg (syn. of Duane; of Red Magnum Bonum, 326)

Purple Favorite, 521

Purple Favourite (syn. of Purple Favorite), 521

Purple Flesh, 521

Purple Gage, 318

Purple-leaved Hybrid, 521

Purple-leaved Plum (syn. of Pissardi), 516

Purple Magnum Bonum (syn. of Duane, 196; of Red Magnum Bonum, 326; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Purple Panhandle, 521

Purple winter Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Purple Yosemite, 521

Purpur Pflaume (syn. of Red Date), 322

Puymirol d’Ente, 522

P. violette americaine (syn. of American Violet), 394

Quackenbos (syn. of Quackenboss), 319

Quackenboss, 319

Quaker, 522

Quality, 522

Quastche (syn. of German Prune), 219

Quebec, 522

Queen, 522

Queen Claude or Claudia (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Queen Claude of Bavay (syn. of Bavay), 155

Queene Mother (syn. of Myrobalan, 290; of Queen Mother, 522)

Queen May, 522

Queen Mother (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Queen Mother, 522

Queen of Arkansas, 523

Queen Victoria (syn. of Sharp, 340; of Victoria, 363)

Quetsch; Quetsch Allemande (syns. of German Prune), 219

Quetsch Hongroise (syn. of German Prune), 219

Quetsch Longue (syn. of German Prune), 219

Quetsche (syn. of German Prune, 219; of Italian Prune, 253; of Korai, 478)

Quetsche à feuille argentée, 523

Quetsche Aplatie, 523

Quetsche Bleue d’Italie (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Quetsche Rognon de Coq (syn. of Rognon de Coq), 533

Quetsche Buhl-Eltershofen, 523

Quetsche Commune; Quetsche D’Allemagne; Quetsche d’Allemagne Grosse (syns. of German Prune), 219

Quetsche Datte (syn. of Date, 428; of Hungarian, 246)

Quetsche Datte des Allemands, 523

Quetsche Datte Violette (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Quetsche de Bazalicza (syn. of Bazalicza), 399

Quetsche de Breme (syn. of Austrian Quetsche), 397

Quetsche de Dobrowitz, 523

Quetsche de Dollan (syn. of Dollaner), 433

Quetsche De Dorelle; De Dorelle Nouvelle Grand; De Dorelle Nouvelle Grande (syns. of Dorell), 434

Quetsche de Doubrawie (syn. of Quetsche de Dobrowitz), 523

Quetsche de Francfort (syn. of Frankfort Peach), 447

Quetsche de Hongrie (syn. of Date, 428; of Hungarian, 246; of Ungarish, 361)

Quetsche de Kreuter, 523

Quetsche de Kreuter (syn. of Quetsche de Kreuter), 523

Quetsche de Létricourt (syn. of Quetsche Dr. Létricourt), 524

Quetsche de Leipzig (syn. of Merunka), 494

Quetsche de Lorraine, de Malogne, or de Metz (syns. of German Prune), 220

Quetsche de Millot, 523

Quetsche de Province (syn. of Quetsche Pointue), 524

Quetsche De Ransleben, 523

Quetsche des Allemands (syn. of German Prune), 220

Quetsche de Transylvanie, 523

Quetsche de Transilvanie (syn. of Quetsche de Transylvanie), 523

Quetsche d’Italie (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Quetsche Domestique (syn. of German Prune), 220

Quetsche Dr. Létricourt, 524

Quetsche Freestone, 524

Quetsche Grosse (syn. of German Prune), 220

Quetsche Grosse Blaue de la Worms (syn. of Zwetsche von der Worms), 572

Quetsche Grosse Nouvelle De Dorrel (syn. of Dorell), 434

Quetsche Hâtive, 524

Quetsche Hâtive de Liegel (syn. of Quetsche Précoce Liegel), 525

Quetsche Hongroise (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Quetsche Jaune (syn. of Quetsche Dr. Létricourt), 524

Quetsche Jaune de Hartwiss (syn. of Hartwiss), 459

Quetsche Jaune de Reizenstein (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

Quetsche Jaune Précoce, 524

Quetsche Jaune Précoce (syn. of Quetsche Jaune Précoce), 524

Quetsche Jaune Tardive (syn. of Gelbe Spätzwetsche), 451

Quetsche Longue Précoce, 524

Quetsche Maraichère, 524

Quetsche musquée de Hongrie (syn. of Hungarian Musk Prune), 465

Quetsche-Pêche de Francfort (syn. of Frankfort Peach), 447

Quetsche Pointue, 524

Quetsche Précoce de Buhlerthal, 524

Quetsche Précoce De Frauendorf, 524

Quetsche Précoce de Biondeck (syn. of Biondeck), 403

Quetsche Précoce de Fürst (syn. of Fürst), 217

Quetsche Précoce de Fürst (syn. of Fürst Damson), 448

Quetsche Précoce Liegel, 525

Quetsche Précoce de Liegel (syn. of Quetsche Précoce Liegel), 525

Quetsche Précoce de Lucas (syn. of Précoce de Lucas), 518

Quetsche Précoce de Reutlingen (syn. of Reutlinger Frühzwetsche), 531

Quetsche Précoce De Schamal, 525

Quetsche Précoce d’Esslingen (syn. of Esslinger Frühzwetsche), 444

Quetsche Précoce de Wangenheim (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

Quetsche Ronde, 525

Quetsche Rouge de Schmidt (syn. of Schmidt Rote Zwetsche), 541

Quetsche Sucree (syn. of Large Sugar Prune), 480

Quetsche Turkish (syn. of Turkish Prune), 556

Quetsche Verte D’Italie, 525

Quetschen (syn. of German Prune), 219

Quetzen (syn. of German Prune), 220

Quintinye, quoted, 455, 496, 500, 531

Quitique, 525

Rachel, 525

Rademakers, 525

Rademaker’s Prune (syn. of Rademakers), 525

Ragland, 525

Rainfall, effects of, 104

Rains (syn. of Kanawha), 474

Raisin, 525

Ramsey, F. T., var. orig. by, 525

Ramsey Last, 525

Ranette, 526

Rang (syn. of Lang), 478

Rangheri, 526

Rangheri’s Aprikosen Pflaume; Rangheri’s Frühe Gelbe Mirabelle; Rangheri’s Frühe Mirabelle; Rangheri’s Gelbe Mirabelle; Rangheris Mirabelle; Rangheris Mirabelle (syns. of Rangheri), 526

Ranslebens Pflaume or Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche De Ransleben), 523

Rareripe, 526

Rare Ripe (syn. of Rareripe), 526

Ray, 526

Raymond, 526

Raynes, 526

Rea, John, quoted, 32, 407, 455

Reagan, 526

Reagles, C., quoted, 320; var. orig. by, 395, 526, 557

Reagles’ Ancient City (syn. of Ancient City), 395

Reagles’ Gage (syn. of Reagle Gage), 526

Reagle Gage, 526

Reagles’ Union Purple (syn. of Union), 557

Rebecca, 526

Reche, 527

Red Apricot, 321

Red Apricot (syn. of Apricot), 148

Red Apricot; Red Apricot Plum (syns. of Red Apricot), 321

Red Aubert (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Red Bonum Magnum (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Red Cloud, 527

Red Damask (syn. of Orleans), 302

Red Date, 322

Red Date-plum (syn. of Red Date), 322

Red Diaper, 322

Red Diaper; Red Diaper Plum; Red Egg Plum (syns. of Red Diaper), 323

Red Egg; Red Egg Plum (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Red Fotheringham (syn. of Fotheringham), 212

Red Gage, 527

Red Gage (syn. of Long Scarlet), 485

Red Gage (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Red Gage of Dutchess County, 527

Red Glass, 527

Red Glass Junior, 527

Red Gold (syn. of Gonzales), 232

Red Horse, 527

Redick, 527

Red Imperial (syn. of Impératrice, 249; of Red Diaper, 323)

Red Imperial (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Red June, 323

Red June (syn. of Red June), 324

Red Magdalene, 527

Red Magnum (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Red Magnum Bonum, 325

Red Magnum Bonum (syn. of Cooper, 423; of Impératrice, 249; of Red Magnum Bonum, 326; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Red Magnum Bonum (syn. of Duane), 196

Red May, 527

Red Mirabelle (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Red Mirobalane (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Red Muscle; Red Mussell (syns. of Muscle), 501

Red Nagate (syn. of Berger, 160; of Chabot, 172; of Red June, 324)

Red October, 528

Red Orleans (syn. of Early Orleans), 199

Red Orleans; Red Orleans Plum (syns. of Orleans), 302

Red Panhandle, 528

Red Pear, 528

Red Peascod, 528

Red Perdrigon, 528

Red Perdrigon (syn. of Red Perdrigon), 528

Red Pescod (syn. of Red Peascod), 528

Red Plum, 59

Red Primordian, 528

Red Primordian (syn. of Red Primordian), 528

Red Prune, 529

Red Queen Mother (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Red Saint Martin or St. Martin (syns. of Saint Martin), 336

Red Skin, 529

Red Violet, 529

Red Virginal, 529

Red Wheate (syn. of Wheat), 563

Red Winter, 529

Reed, 529

Reed, P. H., var. orig. by, 529

Reel, 529

Reeves, Samuel, var. orig. by, 228

Regina, 529

Regina nova; Reina Nova (syns. of Belle), 158

Reina Nova or Reine Nova (Berre) (syns. of Belle), 158

Reine Blanche; Reine Blanche de Galopin (syns. of White Queen), 564

Reine Claud; Reine-Claude (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine Claude, 326

Reine Claude (syn. of Bavay, 155; of Small Reine Claude, 347)

Reine-Claude Abricotine, 529

Reine-Claude à Fleurs Semi-double or fleur semi-double (syns. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Reine-Claude Alex. Dumas (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Reine-Claude Aloise (syn. of Alois Reine Claude), 393

Reine-Claude Althan’s (syn. of Altham), 141

Reine-Claude Ancienne, Blanche, Blanche Grosse Espece, Blanche la Grosse (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine-Claude Azurée (syn. of Azure), 398

Reine-Claude Bavay Hâtive (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine-Claude Blanche (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Reine-Claude Blanche de Boston (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Reine-Claude Blanche Petite Espece (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Reine-Claude Bleue (syn. of Blaue Reine Claude), 405

Reine-Claude Boddaert (syn. of Boddaert), 165

Reine-Claude Braunau (syn. of Abricotée de Braunau), 391

Reine-Claude Bryanston (syn. of Bryanston), 168

Reine-Claude Chauviere (syn. of Chauviere), 417

Reine-Claude Comte Althan or d’Althan; Reine-Claude d’Althan; Reine Claude d’Althann (syns. of Altham), 141

Reine Claude Coulon (syn. of Coulon Reine Claude), 423

Reine-Claude d’Alois (syn. of Alois Reine Claude), 393

Reine-Claude d’Angouleme (syn. of Angouleme), 395

Reine-Claude d’Automne (syn. of Autumn Gage), 398

Reine-Claude Davion (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine Claude de Bavay (syn. of Bavay), 155

Reine-Claude de Bavay Hâtive (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine-Claude De Berger (syn. of Peach), 309

Reine-Claude de Bleecker or de Bleeker (syns. of Bleeker), 163

Reine-Claude de Boddaert (syn. of Boddaert), 165

Reine-Claude de Brahy (syn. of Brahy), 408

Reine Claude de Brignais, 529

Reine-Claude de Brignais (syn. of Reine Claude de Brignais), 529

Reine-Claude de Chambourcy (syn. of Chambourcy), 174

Reine-Claude de Comte Hathen (syn. of Altham), 141

Reine Claude d’Ecully, 529

Reine-Claude de Flushings (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

Reine-Claude De Guigne (syn. of Transparent), 360

Reine-Claude d’Ecully (syn. of Ecully), 441

Reine-Claude de Jodoigne (syn. of Jodoigne), 472

Reine-Claude de Juillet (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine-Claude de Lawrence (syn. of Lawrence), 266

Reine Claude de l’Echoisier, 530

Reine-Claude de Meroldt (syn. of Meroldt), 494

Reine Claude de Mezel, 530

Reine-Claude de Monroe (syn. of Monroe), 287

Reine-Claude de Montmorency (syn. of Montmorency), 499

Reine Claude de Razaimbaut, 530

Reine-Claude de Razaimbaut (syn. of Reine Claude de Razaimbaut), 530

Reine Claude de Saint-Avertin, 530

Reine Claude Descarde, 530

Reine-Claude de Schuyler (syn. of Schuyler Gage), 541

Reine Claude de Vandenbrok, 530

Reine Claude de Wazon, 530

Reine-Claude de Webster (syn. of Webster Gage), 562

Reine-Claude de Woolston (syn. of Woolston), 567

Reine-Claude D’Henrietta (syn. of Henrietta Gage), 461

Reine-Claude d’Hudson (syn. of Hudson Gage), 465

Reine-Claude Diaphane (syn. of Transparent), 360

Reine-Claude Diaphane Hâtive (syn. of Early Transparent Gage), 440

Reine Claude d’Oberdieck, 530

Reine-Claude d’October; Reine-Claude d’Octobre (syns. of Late Reine Claude), 481

Reine-Claude Dore; Reine Claude Dorée; Reineclaude d’oree (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine-Claude d’Oullins (syn. of Oullins), 303

Reine-Claude du Comte d’Althan or Hathem (syns. of Altham), 141

Reine-Claude Geante (syn. of Reisenzwetsche), 531

Reine-Claude Grosse (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine Claude group, 27-29; origin of, 27-29; character of, 29; leading varieties of, 29

Reine-Claude Hâtive (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine Claude Hamaitre, 530

Reine-Claude Hâtive d’Avion (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine-Claude Hâtive de Bavay (syn. of July Green Gage), 474

Reine-Claude Impériale or Impériale de Prince (syns. of Imperial Gage), 251

Reine-Claude Jaune De Dana (syn. of Dana Yellow Gage), 428

Reine-Claude Jaune De Prince (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

Reine-Claude Latinois (syn. of Chambourcy), 174

Reine-Claude mit Halbgefullter Bluthe (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Reine-Claude Monot (syn. of Bavay), 155

Reine-Claude Monstreuse de Bavey (syn. of Bavay), 155

Reine Claude Monstrueuse de Mezel, 530

Reine-Claude Moyret (syn. of Moyret), 500

Reine-Claudenartige Aprikosen Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Reine-Claude Noire de Woolston (syn. of Woolston), 567

Reine-Claude Petite or Petite Espèce (syns. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Reine Claude Précoce (syn. of Oullins), 303

Reine-Claude Précoce de Razimbaud (syn. of Reine Claude de Razaimbaut), 530

Reine-Claude Rouge (syn. of Belle), 158

Reine-Claude Rouge Americaine (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Reine-Claude Rouge Comte Althan; Rouge de Hathen; rouge du comte Hethan; Rouge du Comte Hethan (syns. of Altham), 141

Reine-Claude Rouge de Prince (syn. of Red Gage), 527

Reine-Claude Rouge de Septembre (syn. of Belle), 158

Reine-Claude Rouge de Van Mons (syn. of Belle), 158

Reine-Claude Rouge of September; Reine-Claude Rouge Van Mons (syns. of Belle), 158

Reine Claude Sagot, 530

Reine-Claude Semi-Double (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Reine-Claude tardive (syn. of Chambourcy), 174

Reine-Claude Tardive (syn. of Late Reine Claude), 481

Reine-Claude Tardive de Chambourcy; Reine-Claude Tardive Latinois (syns. of Chambourcy), 174

Reine Claude Transparent; Reine-Claude Transparente (syns. of Transparent), 360

Reine-Claude Verde Perdrigon (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine-Claude Verte (syn. of Chambourcy, 174; of Reine Claude, 327)

Reine-Claude Verte Impériale or Verte Superieure (syns. of Imperial Gage), 251

Reine-Claude Verte Tiquetée (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine-Claude Violette (syn. of Blaue Reine Claude, 405; of Purple Gage, 318)

Reine-Claude von Bavays (syn. of Bavay), 155

Reine-Claude von Boddaert (syn. of Boddaert), 165

Reine Claude von Bollwiller, 530

Reine Claude Von Brahy (syn. of Brahy), 408

Reine-Claude von Jodoigne (syn. of Jodoigne), 472

Reine-Claude von Oullins (syn. of Oullins), 303

Reine-Claudia; Reine-Claudia Blanche La Grosse (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Reine de Chypre (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Reine des Mirabelles, 530

Reinette Claude d’Althan or Comte d’Althan (syns. of Altham), 141

Reine Victoria, 531

Reine Victoria (syn. of Victoria), 363

Reisenzwetsche, 531

Reitzensteiner Gelbe Zwetsche (syn. of Gelbe Spätzwetsche, 451; of Reizenstein Yellow Prune, 531)

Reizenstein Yellow Prune, 531

Reizenstein’s Yellow Prune (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

Ransleben, M., var. orig. by, 523

Rensselaar, Rensselaer or Rensselvar Gage (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Reutlinger Frühzwetsche, 531

Reutlinger Frühzwetsche (syn. of Reutlinger Frühzwetsche), 531

Rex (syn. of Spanish King), 546

Rhinebeck Yellow Gage, 531

Rhodes, 531

Rhue, 531

Rhue’s Seedling (syn. of Rhue), 531

Rice Seed (syn. of Gaviota), 450

Richard Trotter, 531

Richland, 531

Riga 11, 532

Riga 115 (syn. of Aubert), 397

Rigny, 532

Rising Sun, 532

Rivers, Francis, var. orig. by, 403

Rivers, Thomas, var. orig. by, 149, 153, 185, 200, 233, 241, 286, 406, 425, 438, 440, 453, 459, 461, 481, 482, 489, 518, 532, 549, 550

Rivers’ Blue Prolific; Rivers’ No. 4 (syns. of Blue Prolific), 406

Rivers’ Blue Prolific; Rivers’ Early; Rivers’ Early No. 2; Rivers’ Early Prolific or Early Prolific Plum, Rivers’ Frühe Fruchtbare; Rivers Frühpflaume; Rivers’ No. 2 (syns. of Early Rivers), 200

Rivers Early, 532

Rivers Early; Rivers Early Favorite; River’s Early Favourite; River’s Early No. 1; Rivers Frühpflaume; Rivers Früh Pflaume; River’s No. 1 Fruhpflaume; Rivers’ No. 2 (syns. of Early Favorite), 438

Rivers’ Early Apricot (syn. of Early Transparent Gage), 440

Rivers’ Early Damson (syn. of Rivers Early), 532

Rivers’ Early Transparent Gage (syn. of Early Transparent Gage), 440

River’s Late Prolific (syn. of Late Prolific), 481

Rivularis (syn. of Towakong), 554

Robe de Sargent or Sergent (syn. of Agen), 138

Robe de Sergeant or Sergent (syn. of Sergeant), 339

Robert, 532

Robert’s Freestone (syn. of Robert), 532

Robinson (syn. of Miner), 281

Robinson, 329

Roby, H. R., var. orig. by, 532

Roby Yellow, 532

Roch-courbon; Roche-Carbon; Roche Corbon; Roche Courbon (syns. of Red Diaper), 323

Rockford, 532

Rocky Mountain, 532

Rocky Mountain Seedling (syn. of Rocky Mountain), 532

Rodney, 532

Rodney Gage (syn. of Rodney), 532

Rodt Blaue Zwetsche, 533

Rodt Frühe Grosse Pflaumenzwetsche, 533

Rodt’s Grosse Frühe Pflaumen-Zwetsche (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Roe, William, var. orig. by, 398

Roe’s Autumn; Roe’s Autumn Gage (syns. of Autumn Gage), 398

Rognon D’Ane, 533

Rognon de Coq, 533

Rognon-de-Coq de Nikita (syn. of Nikitaer Hahnenpflaume), 504

Roi (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Roi-Claude (syn. of Oullins), 303

Roi d’Agen (syn. of Agen), 138

Rollande Galloppi, 533

Rollingstone, 330

Rolling Stone (syn. of Rollingstone), 330

Ronald Fancy, 533

Rood (syn. of Empire), 203

Rood, Ezra, var. orig. by, 204

Ros-Pruim Double, 533

Ros-pruim Double (syn. of Horse), 464

Roselle, 533

Rosinen Pflaume (syn. of Bechstein Spitzpflaume, 400; of Rote Zwetsche, 534)

Ross, 533

Ross, J. T., var. orig. by, 533

Ross Seedling (syn. of Ross), 533

Rossy Frühe Zwetsche, 533

Rossy’s Früh Zwetsche (syn. of Rossy Frühe Zwetsche), 533

Rostrave Bell, 533

Rote Aprikosenpflaume or Aprikosenzwetsche (syns. of Red Apricot), 321

Rote Claude (syn. of Belle), 158

Rote Cyprische Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Rote Dattelzwetsche (syn. of Red Date), 322

Rote Diaprée; Rote Eier Pflaume; Rote Marunke; Rote Masche; Rote Osterei; Rote Ross Pflaume; Rothe Diapre or Diaprée; Rothe Eierpflaume; Rothe Marunke; Rothe Süsse Pflaume; Rothe Violen Pflaume; Rouge Corbon (syns. of Red Diaper), 323

Rote Eier Pflaume; Rote Kaiserpflaume; Rote Kaiser Zwetsche; Rothe Kaiserpflaume; Rothe Kaiserzwetsche (syns. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Rote Feigen Pflaume (syn. of Red Date), 322

Rote Früh Damascene (syn. of Damas Rouge Hâtif), 427

Rote Herbst Zeiberl (syn. of Rotes Zeiberl), 533

Rote Jungfernpflaume (syn. of Red Virginal), 529

Rote Kirschpflaume (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Rote Mirabelle, 533

Rote Nectarine (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Rote Washington (syn. of Brevoort Purple), 408

Rote Zipper; Rote Zwetsche (syns. of Bechstein Spitzpflaume), 400

Rote Zwetsche, 534

Roter Perdrigon; Rother Perdrigon (syns. of Red Perdrigon), 528

Roter Spilling (syn. of Hofinger Mirabelle), 462

Rotes Taubenherz (syn. of Queen Mother), 522

Rotes Zeiberl, 533

Rothgefleckte Goldpflaume (syn. of Belle de Schöeneberg), 401

Rothe Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Red Apricot), 321

Rothe Frühdamascene (syn. of Damas Rouge Hâtif), 427

Rothe Jungfernpflaume, 534

Rothe Königspflaume (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Rothe Mirabelle (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Rothe Nectarine (syn. of Nectarine), 291

Rothe Nektarine (syn. of Peach), 309

Rotherham (syn. of Winesour), 566

Rotgefleckte Gold Pflaume (syn. of Belle de Schöeneberg), 401

Rouge Corbon (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Rouge de Bleecker (syn. of Lombard), 268

Rouge de Brevoort (syn. of Brevoort Purple), 408

Rouge de Denniston (syn. of Denniston Red), 431

Rouge de Liegel (syn. of Royale Hâtive de Liegel), 535

Rouge Hâtive (syn. of Red Primordian), 528

Rouge Hâtive de Nitka, 534

Rouge tardive de Coe (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Rouge Tardive De Coe (syn. of Saint Martin Quetsche), 538

Roulette, 534

Round, 534

Round Black Damson (syn. of Damson), 186

Round Damson (syn. of Damson), 186

Round Leaf Wonderful, 534

Rousse De Guthrie (syn. of Guthrie Russet), 457

Rowlett (syn. of Roulette), 534

Rowley, Jos., var. orig. by, 534

Rowley, 534

Roxburgh, quoted, 51

Royal, 534

Royal (syn. of Climax, 178; of Royal, 534)

Royal Bullace, 534

Royal Dauphin (syn. of Royal Dauphin), 534

Royal Dauphin, 534

Royal Dauphine (syn. of Sharp, 340; of Victoria, 363)

Royal de Braunac, 535

Royal de Vilvorde (syn. of Jodoigne), 472

Royale (syn. of Mayer Königspflaume, 493; of Royal, 534; of Royal Tours, 332)

Royale Dauphin (syn. of Royal Dauphin), 534

Royale de Behrens, 535

Royale de Behrens (syn. of Royale de Behrens), 535

Royale de Braunau (syn. of Buchner Königspflaume), 410

Royale de Haffner (syn. of Haffner Königspflaume), 458

Royale de Koch (syn. of Koch Königspflaume), 477

Royale de Lucas (syn. of Lucas Königspflaume), 487

Royale de Mayer (syn. of Mayer Königspflaume), 493

Royale de Paris Tardive (syn. of Perdrigon Tardif), 515

Royale de Siebenfreud, 535

Royale de Siebenfreund (syn. of Royale de Siebenfreud), 535

Royale de Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Royale de Trapp (syn. of Trapps Königspflaume), 555

Royale du Dr. Koch (syn. of Koch Königspflaume), 477

Royale Hâtive (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Royale Hâtive or Hâtive de Liegel (syns. of Royale Hâtive de Liegel), 535

Royale Hâtive de Liegel, 535

Royal Hâtive de Nikita (syn. of Early Royal of Nikita), 440

Royale tres-grosse (syn. of Royal), 534

Royale Violette de Keindl, 535

Royale Violette de Keindt (syn. of Royale Violette de Keindl), 535

Royal Green Gage (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Royal Hâtive (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Royale Hâtive de Nikita (syn. of Early Royal of Nikita), 440

Royal of Tours (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Royal Pea, 535

Royal Plumb; Royal Red (syns. of Royal), 534

Royal red Plum; Royal Tours (syns. of Royal Tours), 332

Royal Tours, 332

Royer Aprikosen Pflaume, 535

Ruben Burgunder Zwetsche, 535

Ruby, 535

Rudolph, 536

Rudolph’s Pflaume (syn. of Prune de Rudolphe), 521

Rudolphspflaume (syn. of Rudolph), 536

Rue, 536

Rue, J. B., var. orig. by, 536

Ruff Choice, 536

Ruff Spanish, 536

Runde Brisette (syn. of Late Mirabelle), 263

Runde Rote Damascene (syn. of Liegel Rote Damascene), 484

Runyon, O. R., var. orig. by, 359

Russian Mirabelle, 536

Russian No. 2, 536

Russian No. 3, 536

Russian plum 20 M. (syn. of Burbank), 170

Rutland Plumcot, 333

Sabel Pflaume (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Sada, 536

Saffold, 536

Sagetsuma (syn. of Sagetsuna), 536

Sagetsuna, 536

St. Anne, 537

Saint Antoine, 537

Saint Antonio, 537

Saint Aubert (syn. of St. Aubert), 537

St. Aubert, 537

Sainte Barnabé; St. Barnabée (syns. of Early Yellow), 203

Saint Catherine, 334

St. Catharine; Saint Catherine; Sainte Catherine; Sainte-Catherine; Sainte-Catherine jaune, ordinaire or de Tours; St. Katharine (syns. of Saint Catherine), 334

Sainte-Catherine (Belgien) (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Saint Clair; St. Claire; Saint Claire; Sainte-Claire (syns. of Bavay), 155

Saint Cloud (syn. of Goliath), 231

Saint Cyr (syn. of Morocco), 288

St. Etienne, 537

St. James, 537

St. James’ Quetsche (syn. of St. James), 537

Saint-Jean (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Saint Jean (syn. of Early Tours), 202

St. Jean (syn. of Early St. John), 440

St. John, 537

St. Julian; St. Julien; Saint Julien; Saint Julien Petit (syns. of Saint Julian), 335

Saint Julien, 335

St. Julien group, discussion of, 41, 42

St. Lawrence, 537

Saint Loo (syn. of Valence), 557

Saint Martin, 336

Saint (or St.) Martin or Martin Rouge (syns. of Saint Martin), 336

Saint-Martin; Saint Martin’s; Saint Martin’s Quetsche (syns. of Saint Martin Quetsche), 538

Saint Martin Quetsche, 538

Saint Maurin; St. Maurin; Saint Mauriniana (syns. of Agen), 138

Saint Pierre, 538

St. Remo, 538

Sainte Theresa, 537

Sandall, var. orig. by, 538

Sandall, 538

Sandall’s Plum (syn. of Sandall), 538

Sanders, 538

Sanderson, 538

Sandle, 538

Sandoz, 538

Sand Plum, 538

Sanguine (syn. of Satsuma), 337

Sankt-Julians Pflaume (syn. of Damson), 186

Sankt-Michel’s Pflaume (syn. of September Damask), 542

Sannois, 538

Sannois Quetsche (syn. of Sannois), 538

Sans Noyau (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Sans-Noyau (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Sansoto, 539

Santa Rosa, 539

Sapa, 539

Saratoga, 539

Sargent, quoted, 97

Saskatchewan, 539

Satin, 539

Satsugon, 539

Satsuland, 539

Satsuma, 337

Satsuma (syn. of Berger), 160

Satsuma Blood (syn. of Satsuma), 337

Sauere Weinpflaume (syn. of Winesour), 566

Sauere Wein Pflaume Von Yorkshire (syn. of Winesour), 566

Saunders, 339

Saunders Seedling (syn. of Saunders), 339

Sauvageon, 539

Savoy (syn. of Isle-Verte), 470

Sayer Favorite, 540

Scaldatello (syn. of Scaudatella), 540

Scaldatone, 540

Scanarda, 540

Scanarda (syn. of Scanarda), 540

Scarlet Gage (syn. of Long Scarlet), 485

Scaudatella, 540

Schamal, 540

Schamal, M., var. orig. by, 525, 540

Schamal (syn. of Schamal), 540

Schamals Frühzwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Précoce De Schamal), 525

Schamals Herbstpflaume (syn. of Schamal), 540

Scheidweiler, M., var. orig. by, 205

Schenectady, 540

Schenectady Catharine, Catherine or Catherine Plum (syns. of Schenectady), 540

Schieblers Eier Pflaume, 540

Schiebler Luisante, 540

Schlachter Früh Zwetsche, 540

Schlehen Pflaume (syn. of Damson), 186

Schley, 540

Schley, Philip, var. orig. by, 425

Schley’s Large Red (syn. of Schley), 540

Schmidt Rote Zwetsche, 541

Schneider, quoted, 44

Schoenthal, 541

Schöne September Königspflaume (syn. of Belle), 158

Schöne von Lowen (syn. of Belle de Louvain), 400

Schöne von Riom, 541

Schöne von Schöneberg (syn. of Belle de Schöeneberg), 401

Schuyler, General, var. orig. by, 541

Schuyler Gage, 541

Schuyler Gage (syn. of Schuyler Gage), 541

Schuyler or Schuyler’s Gage (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Schwarze Mirabelle (syn. of Norbert), 505

Schwarze Muskateller Pflaume (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Schwarze Reine-Claude (syn. of Blaue Reine Claude), 405

Schwarzer Perdrigon (syn. of Normand Perdrigon), 506

Schweizer Pflaume (syn. of Suisse), 549

Schweizer Zwetsche; Schweizerzwetsche (syns. of Italian Prune), 253

Schweizer Zwetsche (incor.) (syn. of Large English), 262

Scioto, 541

Scott & Co., var. orig. by, 211

Scribner, 541

Sea (syn. of Howell), 465

Sea-Egg, 541

Semiana, 541

Semiana (syn. of Suisse), 549

Semiana (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Semiana of Boston (syn. of Semiana), 541

Semi-double flowering Reine Claude (syn. of Double Flowering Gage), 192

Semina (syn. of Semiana), 541

Semis de Bury (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

Semis de Dorr (syn. of Dorr Seedling), 434

Semis de Dry (syn. of Dry Seedling), 436

Semis de Pond (syn. of Pond), 314

Seper, 542

Seper’s Peach (syn. of Seper), 542

September, 542

September Damascene (syn. of Perdrigon Tardif), 515

September Damascene, Damask or Damson (syns. of September Damask), 542

September Damask, 542

Serdali Irek (syn. of Gelbe Kirschpflaume), 450

Sergeant, 339

Shailer’s White Damson (syn. of White Damson), 374

Shaker, 542

Sharp, 340

Sharp; Sharpe’s Emperor; Sharp’s Emperor; Sharps Kaiserpflaume (syns. of Sharp), 340

Sharp; Sharpe’s Emperor; Sharpe’s Emperor; Sharp’s Kaiserpflaume (syns. of Victoria), 363

Shaw, 542

Shedd Cluster, 542

Sheen (syn. of Fotheringham), 212

Sheldon, 542

Sheldrake, 340

Shepherd Bullace, 542

Shepherd’s White (syn. of Shepherd Bullace), 542

Shepler (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Shepway Bulleis, 542

Shilling, 543

Shipper, 341, 543

Shipper (syn. of Marketman), 491

Shipper Pride; Shipper’s Pride; Shippers’ Pride (syns. of Shipper), 341

Shirata Bene, 543

Shiro, 342

Shiro Smomo (syn. of Berger, 160; of Ogon, 298; of Red June, 324)

Shropshire, 344

Shropshire Damson (syn. of Shropshire), 344

Shviata Bene, 543

Siamese, 543

Sidone, 543

Siebenbürger Pflaume, 543

Siebenburger Pflaume (syn. of Early Yellow), 203

Siebenburger Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche de Transylvanie), 523

Siebenfreud’s Königspflaume; Siebenfreund’s Königspflaume (syns. of Royale de Siebenfreud), 535

Sierra, 543

Sierra Crimson (syn. of Sierra), 543

Silassy, 543

Silas Wilson, 543

Silberblattrige Zwetsche (syn. of Quetsche à feuille argentée), 523

Silva Köning Claudie, 543

Silver Prune (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

Simiana (syn. of Semiana, 541; of Suisse, 549)

Simon, 345

Simon, Victor, var. orig. by, 551

Simon; Simon’s Chinese Apricot Plum; Simon’s Peach; Simon’s Plum (syns. of Simon), 346

Simpson, 346

Simpson, W. B., var. orig. by, 414.

Sinomo (syn. of Kelsey), 258

Sir Charles Worsley’s (syn. of Royal), 534

Sirocco, 544

Sisson, 544

Sixby, 544

Six Weeks, 544

Skorospielka (syn. of Early), 437

Skuya, 544

Slee-Pruim (syn. of Sloe), 544

Sloe, 544

Sloe Plum, 59

Small, quoted, 80

Small Black Damask (syn. of Black Damask), 404

Small Damas (syn. of Black Damask), 404

Small Green Drying, 544

Small Green Gage (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Small Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Small Queen Claude (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

Small Red Damask; Small Red Damson (syns. of Queen Mother), 522

Small Reine Claude, 347

Small Round Damson (syn. of Damson, 186; of White Damson, 374)

Small White Damask (syn. of Small White Damson), 545

Small White Damson, 544

Smiley, 545

Smith, Captain John, quoted, 84, 93

Smith, var. orig. by, 348

Smith, 545

Smith, A. M., var. orig. by, 545

Smith, C. A., var. orig. by, 545

Smith, E. F., quoted, 131

Smith, W. & T. Co., quoted, 118

Smith October, 545

Smith Orleans, 348

Smith Prolific, 545

Smith Prune (syn. of Diamond), 191

Smith Red, 545

Smith’s Herrn Pflaume; Smith’s large Orleans; Smith’s Orleans; Smith’s Orleans Pflaume (syns. of Smith Orleans), 348

Smith’s large October (syn. of Impératrice), 249

Smith’s Orleans (syn. of Cooper), 423

Smith’s Prune (syn. of Diamond), 191

Smith’s Prune (syn. of Kingston), 476

Smith’s Red (syn. of Smith Red), 545

Snelling, 545

Snelling, W. H., var. orig. by, 546

Snooks (syn. of New Ulm), 293

Snyder, 546

Sophie, 349

Souris, 546

Sour Wine Plum of Yorkshire (syn. of Winesour), 566

South Cumberland, 546

Southern Beauty, 546

Southern Golden, 546

Souvenir de Madame Nicolle (syn. of Madame Nicolle), 488

Spanish (syn. of Spanish King), 546

Spanish Damascene; Spanish Damask; Spanish Red Damask (syns. of Spanish Damask), 546

Spanish Damask, 546

Spanish King, 546

Spanish King (syn. of Lombard), 268

Späte Dattel Pflaume (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Späte Herrn Pflaume; Späte Königs Pflaume; Späte Königs Pflaume aus Paris; Später Perdrigon (syns. of Perdrigon Tardif), 515

Späte Mirabelle (syn. of Late Mirabelle, 263; of Saint Catherine, 334)

Späte Muskateller; Späte Muskatellerpflaume (syns. of Late Muscatelle), 264

Späte Muskateller Pflaume (syn. of Tardive Musquée), 551

Späte Schwarze Damascene (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Späte von Chalons (syn. of Late Chalons), 480

Späte Zwetsche Von Karlstadt, 546

Spath, M., var. orig. by, 395

Spaulding, 350

Speckled Gage, 546

Speer, 547

Spelge (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451

Spicer, 547

Spilge (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451

Spilling Jaune-double, 547

Spilling Jaune-simple (syn. of White Wheat), 565

Spindel Pflaume (syn. of Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling), 451

Spitszwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Pointue), 524

Spitzige Rote Pflaume; Spitz Pflaume (syns. of Rote Zwetsche), 534

Spitzige Rote Pflaume (syn. of Bechstein Spitzpflaume), 400

Spitz Pflaume (syn. of Bechstein Spitzpflaume), 400

Spitzzwetsche (syn. of Quetsche Pointue), 524

Splendid, 547

Splendor, 547

Spotted Gage, 547

Springer, 547

Stabeler Seedling, 547

Stambul Erik oder Irek (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Standard, 548

Standard of England (syn. of Standard), 548

Stanton, 352

Stanton’s Seedling (syn. of Stanton), 352

Stark Brothers, quoted, 116, 213

Stark Green Gage, 548

Starnes, H. N., quoted, 131, 376

Steer’s Emperor; Steers’ Emperor (syns. of Goliath), 231

Steinlose Zwetsche (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Steinman, 548

Steinman, C., var. orig. by, 548

Stella, 548

Stengel Pflaume (syn. of Werder’sche Frühzwetsche), 563

Stephens, John D., var. orig. by, 533

Steptoe, 548

Sterling, 548

Stickney, 548

Stint, 548

Stintpflaume (syn. of Stint), 548

Stocks, varieties of, 114-120

Stoddard, 352

Stoddart (syn. of Stoddard), 352

Stoneless, 353

Stoneless (syn. of Stoneless), 353

Stonewood, 549

Stout, var. orig. by, 549

Stout, 549

Strachey, quoted, 84

Strawberry, 549

Strawberry (syn. of Berger), 160

Striped-leaved, 549

Strong, William, var. orig. by, 512

Stumpe (syn. of Howe), 464

Stumpe, Mrs., var. orig. by, 465

Stumpy (syn. of Howe), 464

Sucker State, 549

Sucree de Trauttenberg, or Sucree-Douce De Trauttenberg (syns. of Trauttenberg), 555

Sucrin Vert (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Sugar, 354

Sugar Prune (syn. of Sugar), 354

Suisina Grossella Piccola (syn. of Musk Damson), 501

Suisse, 549

Sultan, 549

Sultan (syn. of Occident), 295

Sultaneck Erick, 549

Sultaneck Erik (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Summer Damson (syn. of Damas d’Ete), 426

Sunrise, 549, 550

Sunset, 550

Superbe de Denniston (syn. of Denniston Superb), 431

Superbe de Huling (syn. of Hulings), 245

Superior Gage; Superiour or Superior Green Gage (syns. of Imperial Gage), 251

Superior Gage; Superior Green Gage (syns. of Washington), 368

Supreme (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Surpasse Monsieur, 550

Surprise, 355

Susina Di Santa Caterina (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Susina Massina Piccola (syn. of Apricot), 148

Susina Regina (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Susina Settembrica Quialla (syn. of Reizenstein Yellow Prune), 531

Susina Torla d’Nova di Borgogna (incor.) (syn. of Burgundy Prune), 412

Susina or Susino Vecchietti (syns. of Catelano Violaceo), 416

Susina Verdachia Longa (syn. of Grüne Dattel Zwetsche), 456

Susino Catalano (syn. of Catalano), 415

Susino Damaschino Settembrino (syn. of Damaschino Settembrino), 426

Susino Scaudatella (syn. of Scaudatella), 540

Suwanee (syn. of Wild Goose), 378

Svedske Tidlig Leipziger, 550

Svedske Ungersk, 550

Swan, 550

Swan (syn. of Swan Golden), 550

Swan Golden, 550

Swan’s Yellow (syn. of Swan Golden), 550

Sweet Botan (syn. of Abundance, 136; of Berckmans, 159)

Sweet Damson, 550

Sweet Damson (syn. of Fürst Damson, 448; of Horse, 464)

Sweet Prune (syn. of German Prune), 220

Swift, 550

Swiss or Switzer’s Plum (syns. of Suisse), 549

Swiss Prune (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Syrische Pflaume (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Szillassy Piros, 550

Tabor, G. L., var. orig. by, 207

Tante Anne (syn. of Aunt Ann), 397

Tardif or Tardive de Chalons (syns. of Late Chalons), 480

Tardive de Chambourcy (syn. of Chambourcy), 174

Tardive de Corny, 551

Tardive de Fourqueux, 551

Tardive de Genes, 551

Tardive de Rivers (syn. of Late Rivers), 481

Tardive Musquée, 551

Tarleton, 551

Tatge, 551

Tawny, 551

Taybank, 551

Tchernaya Arabskaya (syn. of Black Arabka), 404

Tchernaya vengerskaya (syn. of Black Prune), 404

Tecumseh, 552

Temperature, phases of, 102

Temple, 552

Tenant or Tennant Prune (syns. of Tennant), 357

Tennant, 357

Tennant, Rev. John, var. orig. by, 357

Tenneha, 552

Tennessee, 552

Tennessee Plum (syn. of Tennessee), 552

Terrell, 552

Terry, 552

Terry, H. A., life of, 242; var. orig. by, 193, 238, 242, 280, 391, 393, 402, 406, 408, 410, 415, 416, 419, 421, 422, 424, 425, 429, 431, 432, 434, 435, 441, 443, 444, 447, 448, 451, 453, 462, 469, 471, 472, 473, 483, 484, 485, 486, 490, 491, 492, 494, 503, 509, 513, 518, 519, 522, 529, 536, 542, 543, 552, 558, 559, 561, 562, 564, 566, 568

Terry De Soto, 552

Terry’s Desota (syn. of Terry De Soto), 552

Teutsche blaue Zwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 220

Texas Belle, 552

Texas Gauge, 552

Thanksgiving, 553

Thanksgiving Prune (syn. of Thanksgiving), 553

The Beauty (syn. of Corymbus), 423

The Coe’s Plum (syn. of Golden Drop), 229

The Cook’s Choice (syn. of Cook Choice), 422

The Czar (syn. of Czar), 184

The Dosch (syn. of Dosch), 435

The Gem (syn. of Gem), 451

The Great Damask Plum (syn. of Lange Violette Damascene), 479

The Green Damosine Plum (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

The Impératrice Plum (syn. of Impératrice), 249

The Imperial Plum (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

The Myrobalane Plum (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

The Nectarine Plum (syn. of Nectarine), 291

The New Apricot Plum (syn. of Apricot), 148

The Purple Myrobalan (syn. of Pissardi), 516

The St. Julian Plum (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

The Washington Plum (syn. of Washington), 368

The White Impératrice Plum (syn. of White Impératrice), 375

Theresa, 553

Thomas, 553

Thomas October, 553

Thomaspflaume (syn. of Thomas), 553

Thompson’s Golden Green, 553

Thorndyke Gage, 553

Thousand-And-One, 553

Thresher, 553

Throop, 553

Throop, Calvin, var. orig. by, 548

Throop No. 1, 554

Throop No. 2, 554

Throssel, 554

Tillemond, 554

Tinsley, J. H., var. orig. by, 383

Tobe’s Gage (syn. of Deaton), 429

Tobias Gage, 554

Togari (syn. of Kelsey), 258

Togo, 554

Tokeya, 554

Tomato, 554

Tomlingson, 554

Tomlinson’s Charlotte (syn. of Charlotte), 417

Topaz (syn. of Guthrie Topaz), 457

Topaze de Guthrie (syn. of Guthrie Topaz), 457

Torlo d’Ovo or d’Uovo (syns. of Saint Catherine), 334

Towakong, 554

Townsend (syn. of Miner), 281

Trabesche, 555

Trabeshe (syn. of Trabesche), 555

Tragedy, 358

Traer (syn. of De Soto), 189

Tradescant, John, var. orig. by, 326

Tragedy Prune (syn. of Tragedy), 358

Transparent, 360

Transparent (syn. of Macedonia, 488; of Yellow Transparent, 570)

Transparente, 555

Transparent Gage, Gage Plum or Green Gage (syns. of Transparent), 360

Transparent Yellow (syn. of Yellow Transparent), 570

Trapps Königspflaume, 555

Traubenpflaume, 555

Trauttenberg, 555

Trauttenbergs Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Abricotée de Trauttenberg), 391

Trauttenberg Zuckersüsse (syn. of Trauttenberg), 555

Trayer (syn. of De Soto), 189

Trianon, 555

Trinkle, John W., var. orig. by, 555

Trinkle No. 4, 555

Triomphe Garcon or Valet; Trompe Garcon or Valet; Tromp-Valet (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Trostle, 555

Trotter, Lillian A., var. orig. by, 443

Trotter, Richard, var. orig. by, 473, 484, 511

Trouvée de Vaunêge or Vonêche (syns. of Trouvée de Voueche), 555

Trouvée de Voueche, 555

True Large German Prune (syn. of German Prune), 220

True Sweet Botan (syn. of Berckmans), 159

Truro, 556

Tucker, 556

Tucker, Ezra W., var. orig. by, 556

Tudor, 556

Tupper, var. orig. by, 190

Turkey, 556

Turkey Plumb (syn. of Turkey), 556

Turkie (syn. of Turkey), 556

Türkische Gelbe Pflaume (syn. of Imperial Ottoman), 467

Türkische Kirsche (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Türkische Zwetsche (syn. of Hungarian, 246; of Red Date, 322)

Turkish Prune (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Turkish Prune, 556

Turkish Quetsche (syn. of German Prune), 220

Turky (syn. of Turkey), 556

Turner, Stephen H., var. orig. by, 552

Twice Bearing, 556

Twins, 557

Tzaueron, 557

Uchi Bene; Uchi-Beni (syns. of Berger), 160

Uchi Beni (syn. of Chabot), 172

Ulysses, 557

Uncle Ben, 557

Ungarische (syn. of Ungarish), 361

Ungarische Blaue Eier (syn. of Kaiser Wilhelm), 474

Ungarische Dattelzwetsche (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Ungarische Dattel Zwetsche, 557

Ungarische Pflaume, Sabel Pflaume or Zwetsche (syns. of Hungarian), 246

Ungarische Späte Bouteillen Zwetsche (syn. of Ungarische Dattel Zwetsche), 557

Ungarische Zwetsche (syn. of Red Date), 322

Ungarish, 361

Ungarish Prune (syn. of Ungarish), 361

Union, 557

Union Purple (syn. of Union), 557

United States (syn. of U. S.), 557

Ura-Beni (syn. of Berger), 160

Uryany, 557

U. S., 557

Usum Erreck (syn. of Traubenpflaume), 555

Utah, 362

Utah Hybrid (syn. of Utah), 362

Uwase (syn. of Shviata Bene), 543

Vail’s Seedling (syn. of Large Golden Prolific), 479

Vakanzpflaume (syn. of September Damask), 542

Valence, 557

Valentia, 558

Valienciennes, 558

Value, 558

Van Benschoten, 558

Van Buren, 558

Van Deman, 558

Van Dieman (syn. of Van Deman), 558

Van Houten, 558

Van Mons, var. orig. by, 158

Van Mons Königspflaume (syn. of Belle), 158

Van Mons’ Red; Van Mons Red Gage (syns. of Belle), 158

Variegated Plum (syn. of Lombard), 268

Veilchen Pflaume (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Venetianische Zweimal Tragende, 558

Venus, 558

Verdacchia rotonda (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Verdacchio, 588

Verdache, 558

Verdacia (syn. of Reine Claude), 327

Verdage D’Italie (syn. of Quetsche Verte D’Italie), 525

Verdoch; Verdochia; Verdochio; Verducia (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Verdock (syn. of Verdacchio), 558

Veritable Imperatrice (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Vermilion, 558

Vermilon Hâtif, 559

Vertage d’Italie tres-grosse (syn. of Quetsche Verte D’Italie), 525

Vert or Verte Bonne; Verte d’Espagne; Verte Tiquetée (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Verte à Secher de Knight (syn. of Large Green Drying), 479

Verte Tardive de Guthrie (syn. of Guthrie Late), 236

Vesuvius, 559

Vick, 559

Victoire de Nelson (syn. of Nelson), 503

Victor, 559

Victoria, 362, 559

Victoria (syn. of Sharp, 340; of Victoria, 363)

Victoria-Pflaume; Victoria’s Kaiserzwetsche (syns. of Victoria), 363

Victor Sand Cherry, 559

Vilmot’s Green Gage, Late Green Gage (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Vineuse acidule (syn. of Winesour), 566

Vinisour (syn. of Winesour), 566

Violet (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Violet, 559

Violet Damask (syn. of Damas Violet), 427

Violet de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Violet Diaper, 365

Violet Diaper (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Violet Empress (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Violet Gage (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Violet Imperial, 559

Violet Perdrigon (syn. of Blue Perdrigon, 164; of Cooper, 423; of Smith Orleans, 348)

Violet Plumb (syn. of Violet), 559

Violet Queen Claude (syn. of Purple Gage), 318

Violet Royal, 559

Violette Hâtive (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Violette (syn. of Imperatrice), 249

Violette (syn. of Violet), 559

Violette Americaine, 559

Violette Dattelzwetsche (syn. of Agen, 138; of Hungarian, 246)

Violette de Galopin (syn. of Galopin), 449

Violette de Jerusalem (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Violette de Tours (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Violette Diaprée (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Violette d’Octobre (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Violette Fasanenpflaume, Fasanen Pflaume, Huhnerpflaume, Huhner Pflaume, or Rebhuhn Pflaume; Violetter Perdrigon; Violettes Rebhühnerei (syns. of Blue Perdrigon), 164

Violette Galopin (syn. of Galopin), 449

Violette Hâtive (syn. of Early Tours), 202

Violette Jerusalem (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Violette Jerusalemspflaume (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Violette Kaiserin (syn. of Dunkelblaue Kaiserin, 437; of Impératrice, 249)

Violette Kaiser Pflaume (syn. of Blue Egg), 405

Violette Königspflaume (syn. of Early Royal), 201

Violette October Pflaume (syn. of Saint Martin Quetsche), 538

Violette Octoverpflaume (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Violette oder Blaue Kaiserpflaume (syn. of Red Magnum Bonum), 326

Violette Oktoberpflaume (syn. of Saint Martin), 336

Violette Queen Claude; Violette Reine-Claude (syns. of Purple Gage), 318

Violette Reine-Claude Von Brignais (syn. of Reine Claude de Brignais), 529

Violetter Perdrigon (syn. of Smith Orleans), 348

Violette Violen Pflaume (syn. of Violet Diaper), 365

Virgata, 559

Virgie, 560

Virgin (syn. of Red Virginal, 529; of White Virginal, 565)

Virginal à Fruit Blanc or Rouge, à gros Fruit blanc, Blanc; Virginale; Virginale à Fruit Rouge; Virginale Blanc or Rouge (syns. of Red Virginal), 529

Virginal à gros fruit blanc; Virginal blanc; Virginale; Virginale à Fruit Blanc, à gros fruit blanc, Virginale blanche (syns. of White Virginal), 565

Virginale (syn. of Apricot), 148

Virginale (syn. of Red Virginal), 529

Virginale Blanche (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Virginia Damson, 560

Virginian Cherry (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

Virginische Ludwig’s Pflaume (syn. of Hungarian), 246

Virginische Pflaume (syn. of Red Diaper), 323

Von Flotows Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle de Flotow), 497

Von Berlepsch Zwetsche, 560

Von Bose Rote Zwetsche, 560

Von Lade Späte Mirabelle, 560

Von Hartwiss’ Gelbe Zwetsche (syn. of Hartwiss), 459

Von Moro Reine Claude, 460

Von Trapp’s Königs Pflaume (syn. of Trapps Königspflaume), 555

Von Trauttenberg’s Aprikosenpflaume (syn. of Abricotée de Trauttenberg), 391

Von Trauttenberg’s Zuckersüsse (syn. of Trauttenberg), 555

Von Wangenheim Pflaume (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

Voronesh, 365

Voronesh Blue (syn. of Blue Moldavka), 405

Voronesh Yellow (syn. of Voronesh), 365

Voslauer Zwetsche, 560

Vulcan, 560

Wabash, 560

Wady, 560

Wady’s Early (syn. of Wady), 560

Wager (syn. of Orange), 300

Wagner, 560

Wagner, J. F., var. orig. by, 411, 462, 560

Wagner No. 9 (syn. of Wagner), 560

Wahre Aprikosen Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Wahre blaue Eierpflaume (syn. of Jerusalem), 472

Wahre Caledonian (syn. of Goliath), 231

Wahre Frühzwetsche, 560

Wahre Königspflaume (syn. of Royal), 534

Wahre Schlehen Damascene (syn. of Damson), 186

Wahre Weisse Diaprée, 561

Wahre Zwetsche (syn. of German Prune), 220

Wakapa, 561

Walker Seedling, 561

Wallace, 561

Wales, 366

Walker, A. W., var. orig. by, 561

Walter, 561

Walter, Herr, var. orig. by, 561

Walther Pflaume, 561

Wangenheim, 367

Wangenheim Hâtive, Wangenheims Frühzwetsche (syns. of Wangenheim), 368

Wangenheims Früh Zwetsche (syn. of Wangenheim), 368

Waran Erik (syn. of Noire de Montreuil), 504

Ward October Red, 561

Warner, 561

Warner’s Late or Late Red (syns. of Warner), 561

Warren, 561

Warren (syn. of Newman), 292

Washington, 368

Washington; Washington Bolmar, Gage, Jaune, Mammot, or Yellow (syns. of Washington), 368

Washington or Washington Purple (syns. of Brevoort Purple), 408

Washington Seedling (syn. of Ives), 470

Wasse-Botankio (syn. of Lutts), 487

Wasse Botankyo (syn. of Sagetsuna), 536

Wasse Sumomo (syn. of Earliest of All), 198

Wassu (syn. of Burbank), 170

Wastesa, 561

Waterloo Pflaume, 561

Waterloo (syn. of Golden Drop, 229; of Kent, 476; of Reine Claude, 327)

Waterloo of Kent (syn. of Kent), 476

Watson, 562

Watson, D. H., var. orig. by, 463, 505, 518, 525, 562, 569

Watts, 562

Watts, Dr. D. S., var. orig. by, 562

Waugh, 562

Waugh, Frank A., life of, 85-86; quoted, 65, 66, 86, 87, 99, 141, 393

Wax, 562

Wax Plum (syn. of Wax), 562

Wayland, 370

Wayland, Dr., var. orig. by, 288

Wayland, Prof. H. B., var. orig. by, 371

Wazata, 562

Weaver, 372

Weaver, var. orig. by, 372, 476

Webster, J. B., var. orig. by, 416

Webster Gage; Webster’s Gage (syns. of Webster Gage), 562

Webster Gage, 562

Weedsport German Prune, 220

Weeping Blood, 562

Weichharige Schlehen Damascene (syn. of Saint Julien), 335

Weinsauerliche Pflaume or Zwetsche (syns. of Winesour), 566

Weisse Aprikosen Pflaume (syn. of Apricot), 148

Weisse Diaprée (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

Weisse Hollandische Pflaume; Weisse Kaiserin or Magnum Bonum; Weisser Kaiser (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Weisse Indische Pflaume (syn. of Grüne Dattel Zwetsche), 456

Weisse Jungfernpflaume (syn. of White Virginal), 565

Weisse Kaiserpflaume (syn. of White Imperatrice), 375

Weisse Kaiser Pflaume (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Weisse Kaiserin, 563

Weisse Kaiserin (syn. of Weisse Kaiserin), 563

Weisse Königin (syn. of White Queen), 564

Weisser Perdrigon; Weisses Rebhuhnerei (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

Weisse Zeiberl (syn. of Weisses oder Grünes Zeiberl), 562

Weisses oder Grünes Zeiberl, 562

Weisse Violen Pflaume (syn. of Jaspisartige Pflaume), 471

Welch, 562

Welcome, 562

Wentworth; Wentworth Plumb (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

Werder’sche Frühzwetsche, 563

Wetherell, 563

Wetherill’s Sweet, 563

Wetschen (syn. of German Prune), 220

Whatisit, 563

Wheat, 563

Wheaten; Wheaton; Wheat Plum (syns. of Wheat), 563

Whitacre (syn. of Whitaker), 563

Whitaker, 563

Whitby, 563

White Apricot or Apricot Plum (syns. of Apricot), 148

White Bonum Magnum (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

White Blossomed Sloe (syn. of Sloe), 544

White Bullace, 373

White Bulleis (syn. of White Bullace), 373

White Corn, 564

White Damascene or Damson; White Damask (syns. of White Damson), 374

White Damask (syn. of Large White Damson, 480; of Small White Damson, 545)

White Damson, 374

White Date or Date Plum (syn. of Date), 428

White Diaper, 564

White Diapred (syn. of Diaprée Blanche), 432

White Egg or Egg Plum, Holland, Imperial or Imperial Bonum Magnum, Magnum Bonum, Mogul (syns. of Yellow Egg), 386

White Empress (syn. of White Imperatrice), 375

White-fleshed Botan (syn. of Berckmans), 159

White Gage (syn. of Small Reine Claude), 347

White Gage (syn. of Yellow Gage), 388

White Gage (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

White Gage of Boston (syn. of Imperial Gage), 251

White Honey Damson, 564

White Imperatrice, 375

White Imperatrice (syn. of White Imperatrice), 375

White Indian (syn. of Green Indian), 455

White Kelsey (syn. of Georgeson), 218

White Matchless (syn. of Matchless), 492

White Mirabelle or Mirable (syns. of Mirabelle), 284

White Mirobalane (syn. of Myrobalan), 290

White Muscle, 564

White Mussell (syn. of White Muscle), 564

White Mussell (syn. of Muscle), 501

White Nicholas (syn. of Nicholas), 295

White Otschakoff, 564

White Pear, 564

White Peascod, 564

White Perdrigon, 375

White Perdrigon (syn. of White Perdrigon), 375

White Pescod (syn. of White Peascod), 564

White Prune, 564

White Prune Damson (syn. of White Damson), 374

White Prunella (syn. of Sloe), 544

White Queen, 564

White Sweet Damson, 564

White Virginal, 565

White Virginale (syn. of Red Virginal, 529; of White Virginal, 565)

White Wheat, 565

White Wheate (syn. of White Wheat), 565

White Winter Damson (syn. of White Damson), 374

Whitley, 565

Whitlow; Whitton (syns. of Wheat), 563

Whyte, 565

Whyte, R. B., var. orig. by, 565

Whyte’s Red Seedling (syn. of Whyte), 565

Wickson, 376

Wickson, E. J., quoted, 75, 76, 548

Wickson Challenge (syn. of Formosa), 447

Wiener Mirabelle (syn. of Mirabelle), 284

Wier, 565

Wier, D. B., var. orig. by, 466, 468, 469, 565

Wier Large Red (syn. of Wier), 565

Wier No. 50, 565

Wier’s No. 50 (syn. of Wier No. 50), 565

Wier’s Large Red (syn. of Wier), 565

Wiezerka (syn. of Wyzerka), 568

Wilder, 565

Wilde, 565

Wild Goose, 378

Wild Goose Improved, 566

Wildrose, 566

Wilkinson, 566

Willamette (syn. of Pacific), 305

Willamette, 566

Willamette Prune (syn. of Pacific), 305

Willard, 379

Willard, Samuel D., life of, 149; quoted, 208; var. orig. by, 214

Willard Japan; Willard Plum (syns. of Willard), 379

William Dodd (syn. of Miner), 281

Williams, 566

Williams, Theodore, var. orig. by, 392, 397, 402, 407, 409, 412, 413, 436, 441, 442, 444, 447, 448, 454, 475, 478, 481, 482, 483, 498, 499, 509, 513, 514, 520, 527, 529, 548, 557, 558, 559, 563, 568, 569

Williamson, H. M., quoted, 305

Wilmeth Late, 566

Wilmot’s Early Orleans, Large Orleans, Late Orleans, New Early Orleans or Orleans (syns. of Early Orleans), 199

Wilmot’s Green Gage, Late Green Gage or New Green Gage (syns. of Reine Claude), 327

Wilmot’s Late Orleans (syn. of Goliath), 231

Wilmot’s Russian (syn. of Red Date), 322

Wilson, 566

Wine Plum, 566

Winesour (syn. of Winesour), 566

Winesour, 566

Winesour Plum (syn. of Winesour), 566

Winnebago, 566

Winslow, Edward, quoted, 93

Winsor, E. W., var. orig. by, 393, 402

Winter Creke, 567

Winter Damson, 567

Winter Damson (syn. of Winter Damson), 567

Wiseman, 567

Wiseman’s Prune (syn. of Wiseman), 567

W. J. Bryan (syn. of Bryan), 410

Wohanka, 567

Wolf, 380

Wolf, D. B., var. orig. by, 380

Wolf and Japan, 567

Wolf Cling (syn. of Wolf Clingstone), 567

Wolf Clingstone, 567

Wolf Free or Freestone (syns. of Wolf), 380

Wonder (syn. of Osage), 510

Wood, 381

Wood, Joseph, var. orig. by, 382

Woolston, 567

Woolston Black; Woolston Black Gage; Woolston’s Black Gage; Woolston’s Violette Reine-Claude (syns. of Woolston), 567

Woolston Gage (syn. of Woolston), 567

Wooster, 567

Wooten, 568

Wootton (syn. of Wooten), 568

World Beater, 383

Worth, 568

Worth (syn. of Royal Tours), 332

Wragg, 568

Wragg, John, var. orig. by, 477

Wragg Freestone, 568

Wunder von New York, 568

Wyandotte, 568

Wyant, 384

Wyant, J. B., var. orig. by, 384

Wyant and Japan, 568

Wyckoff, 568

Wyedale, 568

Wyzerka, 568

Yates, 569

Yeddo (syn. of Georgeson), 218

Yellow Americana, 569

Yellow Apricot (syn. of Apricot), 148

Yellow Aubert (syn. of Aubert), 397

Yellow Bonum Magnum (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Yellow Damask (syn. of Drap d’Or), 195

Yellow Damson (syn. of White Damson), 374

Yellow Date (syn. of Date), 428

Yellow Diaprée (syn. of Diaprée Blanche), 432

Yellow Egg, 385, 569

Yellow Egg (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Yellow Egg group, 32; origin of, 32; specific characters of, 32

Yellow Fleshed Botan (syn. of Abundance), 136

Yellow Gage, 388

Yellow Gage (syn. of Drap d’Or, 195; of Small Reine Claude, 347)

Yellow Impératrice, 569

Yellow Impératrice (syn. of Yellow Impératrice), 569

Yellow Imperial, 569

Yellow Jack, 569

Yellow Japan (syn. of Abundance, 136; of Chabot, 172)

Yellow Jerusalem, 569

Yellow Magnum Bonum, 570

Yellow Magnum Bonum (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Yellow Moldavka (syn. of Voronesh), 365

Yellow Nagate, 570

Yellow Nagate (syn. of Ogon), 298

Yellow Oregon, 570

Yellow Panhandle, 570

Yellow Perdrigon (syn. of Drap d’Or), 195

Yellow Plum, 59

Yellow Roman Bullace, 570

Yellow St. Catharine (syn. of Saint Catherine), 334

Yellow Sweet, 570

Yellow Transparent, 570

Yellow Voronesh (syn. of Voronesh), 365

Yellow Wildgoose, 570

Yellow Yosemite, 570

Yellow, 43 Fischer, 569

Yohe, 571

Yohes Eagle (syn. of Yohe), 571

Yonemomo; Yonesmomo (syns. of Satsuma), 337

Yorkshire Winesour (syn. Winesour), 566

York State Prune, 571

York State Prune (syn. of York State Prune), 571

Yosebe (syn. of Earliest of All), 198

Yosemite (syn. of Purple Yosemite, 521; of Yellow Yosemite, 570)

Yosemite Purple (syn. of Purple Yosemite), 521

Yosemite Yellow (syn. of Yellow Yosemite), 570

Yosete (syn. of Earliest of All), 198

Yosobe (syn. of Earliest of All), 198

Young, 571

Youngken Golden; Younken’s Golden Cherry; Yunkin Golden (syns. of Golden Cherry), 228

Young’s Seedling (syn. of Young), 571

Young’s Superior Egg (syn. of Yellow Egg), 386

Yukon, 571

Yuteca, 571

Zahlbruckner Damascene, 571

Zahlbruckner’s Violette Damascene (syn. of Zahlbruckner Damascene), 571

Zekanta, 571

Zipperle or Zipperlein (syns. of Damson), 186

Zuccherino (syn. of Damaschino Estivo), 426

Zucchetta Gialla, 571

Zucker Zwetsche (syn. of Red Date), 322

Zulu, 571

Zuzac, 571

Zweimal Blühende und Zweimal Tragende Bunte Pflaume (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Zweimal Tragende (syn. of Twice Bearing), 556

Zwergpflaume, 571

Zwespe (syn. of German Prune), 220

Zwetsche, Zwetschen or Zwetschke (syns. of German Prune), 220

Zwetsche Frühe Von Buhlerthal (syn. of Quetsche Précoce de Buhlerthal), 524

Zwetsche Leipziger (syn. of Merunka), 494

Zwetsche Professor Wittmack, 572

Zwetsche Ungarische (syn. of Ungarish), 361

Zwetsche von Dätlikon (syn. of Italian Prune), 253

Zwetsche Von der Worms, 572

Zwetsche Von Létricourt (syn. of Quetsche Dr. Létricourt), 524

FOOTNOTES

Bailey, L. H. Cornell Sta. Bul. =38=:43. 1892.

Heideman, C. W. H. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 187. 1895.

Waugh, F. A. Vt. Sta. Bul. 53. 1896.

Bechstein Forstbot. Ed. 5. 424. 1843.

Schneider, C. K. Hand. Laub. 631. 1906.

Bailey, L. H. Cyc. Am. Hort. 1447. 1901; Hudson Fl. Anglic. 212. 1778.

Heer Pflanz. Pfahlb. 27, fig. 16.

Bostock and Riley Nat. Hist. of Pliny. =3=:294. 1892.

Koch, K. Dend. =1=:94, 96. 1869. Ledebour. Fl. Ross. =2=:5. 1829. Boissier. Fl. Orient. =2=:652.

Koch, K. Deut. Obst. 146. 1876.

Kalm, Peter Travels into North America =3=:240. 1771.

Watson’s Annals of Philadelphia =1=:17. 1844.

Mass. Hist. Soc. Collections, 1st Ser. =1=:118.

Josselyn, John, Gent. New England Rarities London. 1672.

Samuel Deane, D.D. The New England Farmer or Georgical Dictionary 265. 1797.

Beverly, Robert History of Virginia 279. 1722. Reprint 1855.

Lawson, John History of North Carolina 110. 1714.

Ramsey’s History of South Carolina =2=:128, 129, Ed. 1858.

Forbes, James Grant Sketches of the Floridas 87, 91, 170. 1821.

In 1763 Dr. Andrew Turnbull established a colony of fifteen hundred Greeks and Minorcans at New Smyrna, Florida, for the cultivation of sugar and indigo. But they cultivated other plants as well, among the fruits grown there being the grape, peach, plum, fig, pomegranate, olive and orange. Forbes, James Grant Sketches of the Floridas 91. 1821.

Bartram, William Travels Through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, etc. Dublin: 1793.

Prince, William Treatise of Horticulture 24. 1828.

Ibid. p. 28.

Prince, William Treatise of Horticulture 23. 1828.

The frontispiece of The Plums of New York, showing a likeness of William Robert Prince, dedicates the book to this distinguished American pomologist. It is appropriate that the following biographical sketch of Mr. Prince, written for The Grapes of New York, should be reprinted here. “William Robert Prince, fourth proprietor of the Prince Nursery and Linnaean Botanic Garden, Flushing, Long Island, was born in 1795 and died in 1869. Prince was without question the most capable horticulturist of his time and an economic botanist of note. His love of horticulture and botany was a heritage from at least three paternal ancestors, all noted in these branches of science, and all of whom he apparently surpassed in mental capacity, intellectual training and energy. He was a prolific writer, being the author of three horticultural works which will always take high rank among those of Prince’s time. These were: A Treatise on the Vine, Pomological Manual, in two volumes, and the Manual of Roses, beside which he was a lifelong contributor to the horticultural press. All of Prince’s writings are characterized by a clear, vigorous style and by accuracy in statement. His works are almost wholly lacking the ornate and pretentious furbelows of most of his contemporaries though it must be confessed that he fell into the then common fault of following European writers somewhat slavishly. During the lifetime of William R. Prince, and that of his father, William Prince, who died in 1842, the Prince Nursery at Flushing was the center of the horticultural nursery interests of the country; it was the clearing-house for foreign and American horticultural plants, for new varieties and for information regarding plants of all kinds.”

Manning, Robert Hist. Mass. Hort. Soc. 33. 1880.

Coxe, William A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees 6. 1817.

Landreth’s Rural Register and Almanac. 1872 and 1874.

Bulletin of the Essex Institute =2=:23.

Downing, A. J. Hovey’s Mag. =3=:5. 1837.

Boston Palladium, Sept. 9, 1822.

The horticultural books published in America between 1779 and 1825 were: The Gardener’s Kalender by Mrs. Martha Logan, Charleston: 1779; The American Gardener by John Gardiner and David Hepburn, Washington: 1804; The American Gardener’s Calendar by Bernard McMahon, Philadelphia: 1806; A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees by William Cox, Philadelphia: 1817; The American Practical Gardener by an Old Gardener, Baltimore: 1819; The Gentleman’s and Gardener’s Kalendar by Grant Thorburn, New York: 1821; American Gardener by William Cobbett, New York: 1819; and The American Orchardist by James Thacher, M. D., Boston: 1822.

During the quarter ending in 1825 two agricultural publications were in existence in the United States: The American Farmer, established in Baltimore in 1819, and the New England Farmer, founded in Boston in 1822. To these should be added the Massachusetts Agricultural Repository, not a journal in the strict sense of the word but published by the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture, established in 1793, and continued until the New England Farmer was started in 1822. The Repository was the first agricultural periodical of the New World.

At least three agricultural societies were founded soon after the close of the Revolution; the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture and the Agricultural Society of South Carolina were founded in 1785, and the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture in 1792, while the first strictly horticultural society, the New York Horticultural Society, was not established until 1818.

P. domestica cereola L. (Sp. Pl. 475. 1753), P. claudiana Poir. (Lam. Encycl. =5=:677. 1804), P. italica Borkh. (Handb. Forstb. =11=:1409. 1803).

For a bibliography of this group see an article by Waugh in Gard. Chron. =24=:465. 1898.

Koch, K. Deut. Obst. 149. 1876.

Schneider, C. K. Hand. der Laub. 630. 1906.

Columella =10=: lines 404-406.

The Natural History of Pliny. Translated by John Bostock and H. T. Riley =3=:294. London: 1892.

Hogg, Robert The Fruit Manual Ed. =5=:704. 1884.

Targioni-Tozzetti, Antonio, Cenni storici sulla introduzione di varie piante nell’ agricoltura ed horticultura Toscana. Florence: 1850.

Parkinson, John Paradisus Terrestris 576. 1629.

Rea, John A Complete Florilege 208. 1676.

Ray Historia Plantarum =2=:1529. 1688.

Gallesio, Giorgio =2=: (Pages not numbered). 1839.

Phillips, Henry Comp. Orch. 306. 1831.

These are the plums which Linnaeus called Prunus domestica galatensis (Sp. Pl. 475. 1753); Seringe, Prunus domestica pruneayliana (DC. Prodr. =2=:533. 1825); and Borkhausen, Prunus œconomica (Handb. Forstb. =2=:1401. 1803).

Prince, William A Short Treatise on Horticulture 27. 1828.

“Of the prune, or, as they are termed in German, ‘Quetsche,’ there are a number of varieties, all which are of fine size, and considered as the best plums for drying as prunes; this is one of the largest of the varieties; the principal characteristic of these plums is that the flesh is sweet and agreeable when dried. I am informed that the ‘Italian Prune’ ranks highest as a table fruit when plucked from the tree. The process of drying prunes seems to be so very easy that I should suppose it might be undertaken in this country with a certainty of success, and so as to totally supersede the importation of that article.” Ibid.

United States Patent Office Report: xxix. 1854. The following description of this distribution is of interest: “The scions of two varieties of prunes, ‘Prunier d’Agen,’ and ‘Prunier Sainte Catherine,’ have been imported from France, and distributed principally in the states north of Pennsylvania, and certain districts bordering on the range of the Allegany Mountains, in order to be engrafted upon the common plum. These regions were made choice of in consequence of their being freer from the ravages of the curculio, which is so destructive to the plum tree in other parts as often to cut off the entire crop. It has been estimated that the State of Maine, alone, where this insect is rarely seen, is capable of raising dried prunes sufficient to supply the wants of the whole Union.”

Wickson, E. J. California Fruits Ed. =2=:82. 1891.

Hedrick, U. P. in Bailey’s Cyclopedia American Horticulture 1440. 1901.

Miller says in his Gardener’s Dictionary of the variety Perdrigon, “Hakluyt in 1582, says, of later time the plum called the Perdigwena was procured out of Italy, with two kinds more, by the Lord Cromwell, after his travel.” Miller, Philip Gardener’s Dictionary. Edited by Thomas Martyn, =2=: (no page). 1707.

In the first edition of Species Plantarum Linnaeus called these plums Prunus domestica pernicona; in the second edition the varietal name was changed to “Pertizone.” In the Prodromus Seringe designates the group as Prunus domestica touronensis.

The Prunus domestica aubertiana of Seringe. (DC. Prodr. =2=:533. 1825.)

Rea, John A Complete Florilege 209. 1676.

Parkinson, John Paradisus Terrestris 576. 1629.

Koch, K. Deut. Obst. 560. 1876.

Bauhin Pin. 443 n 23.

Bul. Soc. Dauph. fasc. VIII. 1881.

Ibid.

Dendrol. 316. 1893.

Rhein. Reise-Fl. 67. 1857.

Handb. Laubh. =1=: 631. 1906.

Pickering, Charles Chron. Hist. Plants. 218. 1879.

Heer Pflanz. Pfahl. 27, fig. 16c.

Hooker Fl. Brit. Ind. =2=: 315. 1879.

The reader who desires fuller information regarding the botany of this species should consult the references given with the botanical description of Prunus insititia.

McMahon, Bernard Gardener’s Calendar 587. 1806.

Samuel Deane, D.D. New England Farmer 265. 1797.

Koch, Karl Deut. Obst. 150. 1876.

This subject is well discussed in an article by E. A. Carrière in Revue Horticole 438. 1892.

Handb. Laubh. 628. 1906.

Fl. Siles. =1=:2, 10. 1829.

Fl. Nied. Ostr. 819. 1890.

Fl. Siles. =1=:2, 10. 1829.

Enum. Pl. Trans. 178. 1866.

Handb. Laubh. =1=:630. 1906.

Flora =9=:748. 1826.

Sched. Crit. 217. 1822.

Boiss. Diag. 2nd Ser. 96. 1856.

Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. 435. 1864.

Flor. Or. =11=:625. 1872.

In pre-Linnaean literature Prunus cerasifera is mentioned by Clusius as Prunus myrobalanus (Rar. Plant. Hist. 46 fig. 1601), and by Tournefort under the same name (Inst. Rei Herb. 622. 1700).

Ledebour Ind. Hort. Dorp. Suppl. 6. 1824.

Schneider Handb. Laubh. 632. 1906.

Dippel Handb. Laubh. =3=:633. 1893.

Jack Gar. and For. =5=:64. 1892.

Bailey Cornell Sta. Bul. =38=:34. 1892.

Handb. Laubh. =1=:633. 1906.

Beitr. Nat. =6=:90. 1791.

Handb. Forstb. =11=:1392. 1803.

Fedde Repert. =1=:50. 1905.

Pl. David =2=:33. 1888.

Ill. Bot. His. Mountains and Fl. of Cash. =1=:239. 1839.

Several apricots and the loquat of southern Japan are also called Japanese plums. The name Triflora for common usage avoids this confusion and conforms with the growing usage in horticulture of using the specific name alone.

Bailey says, (Cornell Sta. Bul. =62=:6. 1894) speaking of these specimens: “I have no hesitation in saying that our Japanese plums are the same.” The writer examined the specimens in the summer of 1909 and recognized them at once to be the same as the cultivated Triflora plums.

February 23, 1909.

pp. 10, 45.

March 12, 1909.

Fl. Indica 501. 1824.

Forbes and Hemsley Jour. Linn. Soc. =23=:219. 1886-88.

Cornell Sta. Bul. =62=:3. 1894.

Berckmans, L. A. Rpt. Ga. Hort. Soc. 15. 1889.

Bailey, L. H. Cornell Sta. Buls. =62=, =106=, =139=, =175=.

Waugh, F. A. Plum Cult. 1901.

Georgeson, C. C. Amer. Gard. =12=:74. 1891.

For references and synonymy see the Simon plum.

Carrière, E. A. Rev. Hort. 152. 1891.

The New York Agricultural Experiment Station stands on the site of the old Indian village of Kanadasaga, founded by the Seneca Indians. The records of Sullivan’s raid just after the Revolution show that when this village was destroyed by the Whites there were orchards of apples and plums (see Conover’s Kanadasaga and Geneva (Mss.) Hobart College) crudely cultivated. On the adjoining farm of Mr. Henry Loomis descendants of these old trees still grow. The plums are Americanas, and Mr. Loomis, now in his 94th year, says that when a boy the Indians and Whites alike gathered them, soaked them in lye to remove the astringency of the skins and then cooked, dried or otherwise preserved them.

Poiteau =1=: (Unpaged). 1846.

Waugh, F. A. Plum Cult. 51, 282-307. 1901.

Goff, E. S. Wis. Sta. Bul. =63=:4. 1897.

The Prunus mollis of Torrey (Fl. U. S. =1=:470. 1824) was Prunus nigra, as Torrey’s specimen, now in the herbarium of Columbia University, plainly shows.

A brief account of the life of Liberty Hyde Bailey appeared in The Grapes of New York (page 142), but his work with plums deserves further mention. The foundation of our present knowledge of the cultivated species and races of American and Triflora plums was laid by the comprehensive study of these fruits made by Bailey in the closing decade of the Nineteenth Century. His examination of plums may be said to have begun in 1886 with the setting of an orchard of native plums—probably the first general collection of these plums planted—on the grounds of the Michigan Agricultural College, Lansing, Michigan. The results of his studies have largely appeared in the publications of the Cornell Agricultural Experiment Station, the first of which was The Cultivated Native Plums and Cherries published in 1892; The Japanese Plums, 1894; Revised Opinions of the Japanese Plums, 1896; Third Report upon Japanese Plums, 1897; Notes upon Plums, 1897. Beside these bulletins a monograph of the native plums was published in The Evolution of our Native Fruits in 1898 and a brief but complete monograph of the Genus Prunus in the Cyclopedia of American Horticulture in 1901. These are but the chief titles under which his studies of plums have appeared, several minor contributions having been printed from time to time in the horticultural press. While Dr. Bailey has given especial attention to all fruits grown in eastern America, it is probable that pomology is most indebted to him for his long and painstaking work with the difficult Genus Prunus with which he has done much to set the varieties and species in order.

Bot. Gaz. =24=:462. 1896; Cornell Sta. Bul. 170. 1897; Ev. Nat. Fruits 194-208. 1898.

Gar. and For. =10=:340, 350. 1897. Plum Cult. 60-66. 1901.

Waugh, F. A. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. =14=:277. 1900-01.

Hakluyt Voyages =3=:258.

Torrey Bot. Club Bul. =21=:301. 1894.

Silva of North America =4=:28. 1893.

Jack, J. G. Gard. and For. =7=:206. 1894.

Gar. and For. =3=:625. 1890.

Sandberg, J. H. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. =3=:221. 1895.

Coville, F. V. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. =5=:99. 1897; and Chestnut, V. K. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. =7=:356. 1902.

Wickson, E. J. California Fruits 52. 1891.

Wickson, E. J. Calif. Fruits Ed. =4=:35. 1909.

Pittonia =3=:21. 1896.

The first published account of this plum is a brief non-technical description of it by Dr. Kellogg in Hutching’s Mag. =5=:7. 1859.

Torrey Bot. Club Bul. =25=:149. 1898.

The writer has examined the type specimen of Michaux’s Prunus chicasa in the herbarium of the Jardin des Plants in Paris and found it, though incomplete and poorly preserved, plainly not Prunus angustifolia but more likely some form of Prunus umbellata. Undoubtedly, however, the references which follow Michaux’s are to Prunus angustifolia.

“The Chicasaw plumb I think must be excepted, for though certainly a native of America, yet I never saw it wild in the forest, but always in old deserted Indian plantations: I suppose it to have been brought from the S. W. beyond the Mississippi, by the Chicasaws.” Bartram Travels Through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, etc. 38. 1793.

Bailey Ev. Nat. Fr. 193. 1898.

“The wild Plums of America are of several sorts. Those which I can give an account of from my own Knowledge, I will, and leave the others till a farther Discovery. The most frequent is that which we call the common Indian Plum, of which there are two sorts, if not more. One of these is ripe much sooner than the other, and differs in the bark; one of the barks being very scaly, like our American Birch. These Trees, when in Blossom, smell as sweet as any Jessamine, and look as white as a Sheet, being something prickly. You may make it grow to what Shape you please; they are very ornamental about a House, and make a wonderful fine Shew at a Distance, in the Spring, because of their white Livery. Their Fruit is red, and very palatable to the sick. They are of a quick Growth, and will bear from the Stone in five years, on their Stock.” Lawson, John History of Carolina 105. 1714.

“The third was known among the later colonists as the Indian cherry and was the product of a tree hardly exceeded by the English peach tree in girth and height, and showing an inclination for the soil of the valleys of the rivers, and of the narrow bottoms of the smaller streams. This variety was considered to be of extraordinary excellence in flavor; when ripe it was colored a dark purple, and there was only a single cherry to the stalk. There were two varieties of plums, resembling, both in size and taste, the English Damson.” Bruce, Philip Alexander Economic History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century =1=:94. 1896.

Frank A. Waugh was born in Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin, July 8, 1869. On his father’s side he is of Scotch descent, though the family has long been in America; his mother came from Germany. He was educated in the public schools of Kansas and in the Kansas State Agricultural College, graduating from the latter place in 1891. In 1893 he became professor of horticulture in the Oklahoma Agricultural College and horticulturist at the Experiment Station, a place which he held for nearly three years, going late in 1895 to take the same position in the University of Vermont. After eight years of arduous service in Vermont, during which time he became well known by his writings on horticultural, botanical and agricultural subjects, he left Vermont to take charge of horticulture in the Massachusetts Agricultural College and the Hatch Experiment Station. Professor Waugh’s study of plums began in the West, Kansas and Oklahoma, but his reports in regard to this fruit have come from Vermont where his work has been mainly done. The chief titles under which his studies have been published in the bulletins and annual reports of the Vermont Station are: The Pollination of Plums, Classification of Plums, A Monograph of the Wayland Group of Plums, Hybrid Plums, Types of European Plums, Propagation of Plums, The Myrobalan Plums, A Review of the Americana Plums and The Grouping of Japanese-Hybrid Plums. In 1901 he published Plums and Plum Culture, a popular presentation of the various phases of his botanical and horticultural work with this fruit. The titles given do not represent the extent of his studies with this fruit for there were third and fourth reports upon several of the subjects mentioned. In particular he has been helpful to American pomology in the classification of native plums, in his study of sex in plums and in setting forth the hardiness of the various species and groups. Besides his papers on plums, Professor Waugh’s chief contributions to horticulture have been a book entitled Fruit Harvesting, Storing, Marketing, another under the title Systematic Pomology and two works on apples. He has also published two books on Landscape Gardening which have given him high standing in this division of horticulture. Professor Waugh will long be remembered in horticulture for the great extent of his work, for his versatility in the profession and for his ability to present well to both readers and hearers, either technically or popularly, horticultural knowledge.

“The Sand Plums” Country Gentleman, Jan. 27, 1898.

Thomas Volney Munson, after whom it has been a pleasure to name this species, though best known as a viticulturist, has also rendered invaluable service to plum-culture. A sketch of his life appeared in The Grapes of New York (page 122) in which his services to viticulture were briefly mentioned. While his name is not commonly connected with the study of plums, it is not too much to say that without his aid the publications of those who have written during the last quarter century on native plums would have lacked much of the information they contain in regard to the species of the Southwest. He has an intimate knowledge of the wild plums of Texas and has freely given of it to all who have asked, often supplementing information with herbarium specimens or plants. The authors of The Plums of New York wish to give him credit for much of the information, furnished directly or indirectly, in regard to the wild and cultivated plums of the region in which he lives, in recognition of which his name is given to one of the most important species of native plums. Mr. Munson has grown and introduced a number of hybrid plums of note, chief of those of his own growing being Nimon, Minco and Burford. Many of his experiments in hybridizing plums, though unproductive of new varieties, are of much value as a guide to other workers with this fruit.

Lawson, John History of Carolina 105. 1714.

Waugh Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. =12=:235. 1899. Bailey Cyc. Am. Hort. 1449. 1901.

Cont. Bot. Lab. University of Pa. =2=:216. 1899-1900.

DeVries, Hugo Species and Varieties, etc. 57. 1905.

The references given contain these quotations.

Waugh, F. A. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. =11=:273. 1897-98.

Hedrick. U. P; The Relation of Weather to the Setting of Fruit. Bul. 299. 1908.

Waugh, F. A. Vt. Sta. Bul. =53=:51. 1896.

Goff, E. S. Wis. Sta. An. Rpt. =18=:302. 1901.

Waugh, F. A. Plum Cult. 297-300. 1901.

Hansen, N. E. S. D. Sta. Bul. =93=:67. 1905.

Carrière, E. A. Prunier Saint Julien. Revue Horticole 438-439. 1892.

Waugh Plum Cult. 247. 1901.

Hansen, N. E. S. D. Sta. Bul. 87. 1904. Ibid. =93=:68. 1905.

Wickson, E. J. California Fruits 348. 1891.

A prune is a dried plum. The requisite for a prune-making plum is that it have a large proportion of solids, particularly sugar. Comparatively few varieties of plums bear sufficient amounts of solids so that they may be successfully cured into a firm, long-keeping product. Only varieties of the Domesticas are used in making prunes, though possibly some of the Insititias might be so used. Prunes are chiefly used in cookery though some of the finer grades from France are sold as confections.

Prunes are either dried in the sun as in California; partially cooked in ovens and the curing completed indoors, as in European countries; or wholly dried in evaporators, as in the Pacific Northwest. Sun-drying is the most economical method where the climate permits. The half cooking does not make so attractive a product but when skillfully done the prunes are possibly more palatable, as the cooked flavor is liked by consumers. Beyond question the best prunes are made, however, all things considered, in well-managed evaporators. In evaporators the changes of curing take place most perfectly and uniformly so that, as a rule, the prune looks better, keeps longer, is not so tough and has a more natural taste of the green fruit.

In prune-making the fruit is allowed to remain on the trees until ripe enough to fall to the ground, as the maximum proportion of solids is thus obtained. After picking, the plums are passed over graders to remove rubbish and to secure uniformity in size, this being essential to obtain evenness in curing, since the small fruits dry more rapidly than large ones. Usually before evaporation begins the fruit is dipped in boiling lye or pricked by needles in a pricking machine to make tender the tough skin and so allow the moisture to escape more readily. The dipping consists of immersing the fruit for a minute or less in a solution of lye in the proportion of 1 pound of concentrated lye to from 10 to 50 gallons of water maintained at the boiling point. The fruit is carried mechanically through the lye vat and a rinser by a modified endless chain, or it may be dipped in wire baskets. After rinsing the plums are ready for curing.

Exposure to the sun in curing varies from five to twelve days, depending upon the heat of the sun and the size and the variety of the plum. Curing in evaporators varies with the fruit and with the make of the machine. In general the temperature in the evaporator is from 120° to 140° at the start, increasing to from 160° to 180° and decreasing when the prunes are taken out. Too much heat at first causes the cells of the fruit to burst, thereby producing drip and discoloration. Important factors in evaporating in machines are the circulation of air, convenience, cost of fuel and power. The time required for curing ranges from twelve hours for a small plum to forty-eight hours for a large, juicy one. If not cured enough fermentation and molding result; if cured too much the weight is lessened, the quality is injured, the prune is harsh and coarse and has a dried up appearance.

When sufficiently dried the prunes are put in bins or piles to sweat, a process taking from one to three weeks, after which they are graded, processed and packed. In grading, the prunes are separated into sizes indicating the number of prunes required to make a pound, as 30’s to 40’s, 40’s to 50’s and so on to the smallest size, 120’s to 130’s. The processing is done by dipping the prunes in boiling water and glycerine or by steaming or by using some special preparation in the final dipping or by rattling in a revolving cylinder. Processing is reputable if it adds beauty to the color, or kills insects’ eggs or sterilizes the prunes. It is disreputable when the aim is to add to the weight. The best prunes are packed in boxes, in which process lining with paper, filling facing, pressing and labeling are important details. A well cured prune is soft and spongy, the pit is loose but does not rattle, the skin is bright, the product is free from drippings or exudation, the flesh is meaty, elastic, and of a bright, lively color.

The custom has been to bleach light colored prunes with sulphur fumes. This process injures the quality and possibly makes the product somewhat poisonous. Sulphuring is now regulated by the Federal Pure Food Law.

If poorly managed or if the plums are not of the best, several difficulties are encountered in curing prunes. Thus, a syrupy liquid sometimes oozes from the prunes, besmearing and making unattractive the final product. Again, the finished prunes may be covered with globules of sugar, rendering them sticky and destroying the lustre. Fruit grown on poor soils, on unhealthy trees or picked green may cure into small prunes of an abnormal shape called “Frogs” or they may ferment and swell up in large soft prunes called “Bloaters.”

The plum chiefly used in California in making prunes is the Agen, usually called Petite, a prune curing into a bright amber-colored product. This plum is easily cured, and the prune from it needs little sugar in cooking. In the states north of California the Italian Prune is the favorite, producing a dark red, almost black product, more tart but on the whole rather better flavored than the prune from the preceding variety. Other varieties more or less used are Golden Drop, the product from which is known as the Silver Prune; Reine Claude, which makes a fancy product often used as a confection; Yellow Egg, which sells as the Silver Prune when evaporated; the German Prune, making a product much like the Italian Prune; “Hungarian Prune,” from a very large plum and making a fancy product but very difficult to cure; the Tragedy Prune, an early plum of the Italian type; Golden Prune, much like the Silver and possibly better; and the Champion, Willamette, Pacific, Tennant, Steptoe and Dosch, all of the Italian type.

Farlow, W. G. The Black Knot, Bulletin Bussey Institution 440-453. 1876. Halsted, B. D. Destroy the Black Knot, etc. N. J. Sta. Bul. =78=:1-14. 1891.

Smith, E. F. Peach Rot and Peach Blight Journ. Myc. =5=:123-134. 1889. Quaintance, A. L. The Brown Rot, etc. Ga. Sta. Bul. =50=:237-269, figs. 1-9. 1900.

Atkinson, G. F. Leaf Curl and Plum Pockets Cornell Sta. Bul. =73=:319-355, Pls. 1-20. 1894.

Ibid.

Sturgis, W. C. A Leaf Curl of the Plum Conn. Sta. Rpt. =19=:183, Pl. 2. 1895.

Arthur, J. C. Plum Leaf Fungus N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt. =5=:276-281, Pls. 6-10. 1887.

Duggar, B. M. Fungous Diseases of Plants 314, figs. 147, 148. 1909. Pierce, N. B. A Disease of Almond Trees Jour. Myc. =7=:66-67, Pls. 11-14. 1892.

Scribner, F. L. Leaf Rust of the Cherry, etc. U. S. Dept. Agr. Rpt. 353-355. Pl. 3. 1887. Hedrick, U. P. Prune Rust Oreg. Sta. Bul. =45=:67. 1897.

Stewart, F. C. N. Y. Sta. Bul. =191=:323-324. 1900. Rolfs, F. M. Die Back of Peach Trees Science =26=:87. 1907.

Duggar, B. M. Fungous Diseases of Plants 226. 1909.

Smith, E. F. and Townsend, C. O. A Plant Tumor of Bacterial Origin Science =25=:671-673. 1907. Toumey, J. W. Cause and Nature of Crown Gall Ariz. Sta. Bul. =33=:1-64, figs. 1-31. 1900. Hedgcock, G. C. Crown Gall, etc. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Pl. Ind. Bul. =90=:15-17, Pls. 3-5. 1906.

Smith, E. F. Science =17=:456-7. 1903. Ibid. =21=:502. 1905. Clinton, G. P. Report of Botanist Conn. Sta. Rpt. 273. 1905.

Hedrick, U. P. Gumming of the Prune Tree Oreg. Sta. Bul. =45=:68-72. 1897.

Stewart, F. C. N. Y. Sta. Bul. 191:324-326. 1900.

Pammel, L. H. New Fungous Diseases of Iowa Jour. Myc. =7=:99-100. 1892.

Jones, L. R. Studies upon Plum Blight Vt. Ex. Sta. Rpt. =15=:231-239. 1902.

Smith, E. F. The Peach Rosette Jour. Myc. =6=:144. 1891.

Waugh, F. A. Plum Cult. 329. 1901.

Ibid.

Starnes, H. N. Japan and Hybrid Plums Ga. Sta. Bul. =68=:22-24. 1905.

Hedrick, U. P. Curl-leaf of the Italian Prune Oreg. Sta. Bul. =45=:72-74. 1897.

Smith, E. F. Field Notes Jour. Myc. =6=:108. 1891.

Riley, C. V. An. Rpt. State Entomol. Mo. =1=:50-56. 1869; =3=:11-29. 1871.

Ibid. =3=:39-42. 1871.

Beutenmüller, W. Sesiidae of America, etc. 266-271. 1901.

Ibid. 291-292. 1901.

Riley, C. V. An. Rpt. State Entomol. Mo. =1=:46-47. 1869.

Lowe, V. H. N. Y. Sta. Bul. =180=:122-128. 1900.

Wilson, H. F. The Peach-tree Barkbeetle U. S. D. A. Bur. Ent. Bul. =68=:91-108. 1909.

Hunter, W. D. The Aphididæ of N. A. Ia. Sta. Bul. =60=:103. 1901.

Ibid. 107, 108.

Ibid. 108, 109.

Gillette, C. P. A Few Orchard Plant Lice Col. Sta. Bul. =133=:41. 1908.

Ibid. 39.

Marlatt, C. L. The San Jose or Chinese Scale U. S. D. A. Bur. Ent. Bul. =62=:1-89. 1906.

Lowe, V. H. The New York Plum Lecanium N. Y. Sta. Bul. =136=:583. 1897.

For references to these scales see Fernald, Mrs. M. E. Coccidae of the World Mass. Sta. Bul. =88=:1-360. 1903.

Lowe, V. H. The Apple-tree Tent Caterpillar N. Y. Sta. Bul. =152=:279-293. 1898.

Riley, C. V. An. Rpt. State Entom. Mo. =2=:94-103. 1870.

Ibid. =7=:83-90. 1875.

Saunders, W. Insects Injurious to Fruits 95, 96. 1883.

Riley, C. V. and Marlatt, C. L. The Clover Mite Insect Life =3=:45-53. 1890.

Saunders, W. Insects Injurious to Fruits 159. 1883.

Ibid. 150-153. 1883.

Lowe, V. H. The Pistol Case-bearer N. Y. Sta. Bul. =122=:221-232. 1897.

Riley, C. V. Insect Life =1=:133. 1889.

Cornell Sta. Bul. =62=:27. 1894.

Tex. Sta. Bul. =32=:488. 1894.

Professor Joseph Lancaster Budd was a native of New York, having been born July 3, 1835, at Peekskill, Westchester County. On his father’s side he was of French ancestry, but his mother was of English descent, a member of the Lancaster family, early settlers on the Hudson River. He was educated in the public schools of Monticello, Monticello Academy and at Hiram College, though he did not finish at the last named institution because of financial distress at home. In 1857 the young man moved west and for a year taught in an academy at Rockford, Illinois, and in the Wheaton schools of the same state. In 1858 he moved to Benton County, Iowa, where he established the Benton County Orchards and Nurseries. He soon became identified with horticulture in Iowa, especially through its State Horticultural Society, an organization of which he was secretary from 1873 to 1885 and from 1892 to 1895, serving in all seventeen years. In 1876 he was elected to the chair of Horticulture and Forestry in the Iowa Agricultural College, a position which he held until 1899, when he retired as professor emeritus, having spent twenty-two years in pioneer work in this college. In 1882 Professor Budd visited Russia to study the hardy plants of that country and imported from there many varieties of fruit, as well as other plants, which he thought suited to the climate of the Northwest. After his return his work was largely given up to originating and testing varieties which he thought would prove of value to the States of the Plains. He was preeminent in America for his work with Russian fruits and was one of the first to see the possibilities of our native plums. The frequency with which his name is mentioned in this book as a breeder of hardy fruits indicates his interest in securing plums adapted to the region in which he lived. The horticultural library of Charles Downing, by the wish of the owner, was given to the Iowa Agricultural College with the expectation that Professor Budd would revise Downing’s famous Fruits and Trees of America. Ill health prevented the accomplishment of this task, although as senior author he published, in 1902, the American Horticultural Manual in two volumes. During the greater part of his active life he was a constant correspondent of the horticultural press. Professor Budd was a teacher as well as a pomologist and did much for American pomology in imparting to the men who came in contact with him both knowledge and enthusiasm. He died in Phoenix, Arizona, December 26, 1904.

Samuel D. Willard was born August 24, 1835, near Cayuga, New York. He was educated in the district school, Canandaigua Academy, and Temple Hall, Geneseo, having been graduated at the last named place in 1854. After a successful business career of a decade and a half following his schooling, Mr. Willard engaged in the nursery business in Geneva, New York. He prospered in tree-growing and soon embarked in fruit-growing as well, rapidly attaining distinction as a nurseryman and as a fruit-grower. He early began to specialize in plum culture and soon became one of the leading growers of plums, one of the chief authorities on varieties, and one of the largest importers of new sorts. In 1897, with Dr. L. H. Bailey as co-author, Mr. Willard prepared Bulletin 131, Notes upon Plums, of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station. In this bulletin Mr. Willard put on record the results of his long experience in growing plums and gave descriptions of seventy varieties, nineteen of which he had imported from Europe. Besides this bulletin he has published but little on plums, but his spoken words regarding them may be found in nearly every report of the two horticultural societies of New York since 1880, as they are also to be found in the reports of horticultural societies in neighboring states and the provinces of Canada. Besides his work in horticultural societies, Mr. Willard was one of the earliest and foremost institute speakers in New York. He was, too, for many years active in the development of the state fair in New York, having charge of the horticultural department, a position which he also held at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo in 1901. For nearly a half-century Mr. Willard has been prominent in his profession in the state and nation; he is known by all eastern fruit-growers and his vigorous and enthusiastic utterances in the press, from the platform and in conversation have made him a favorite authority with the fruit-growers of this generation.

Prosper Julius A. Berckmans was one of the noted horticulturists and pomologists of the generation just passing. He was born at Aerschat, near Antwerp, Belgium, October 13, 1830, his father being Dr. Louis Edouard Berckmans, author of the splendid pomological work, Album de Pomologie, and as noted in Europe as was the son in America, in horticulture and pomology. The younger Berckmans was educated in Tours, Belgium and Paris, attaining distinction as a student in botany. In 1850 father and son came to America and the following year settled at Plainfield, New Jersey. Six years later the son moved to Augusta, Georgia, and established near that place a horticultural plantation, which he called “Fruitlands,” the nursery of which has become famous throughout the world. Soon after locating in Georgia, Mr. Berckmans became interested in horticultural organizations and later his activities were extended to the promotion of horticulture in the Nation. In 1859 he became a member of the first horticultural society in Georgia. In 1876 he helped to organize and was the first president of the Georgia State Horticultural Society, a position which he held until his death. In 1860 he became a member of the American Pomological Society and was at once intrusted with important committee work in that organization. His work here was done so well that in 1887 he was elected president of the society and later was four times re-elected. Mr. Berckmans was a member of a number of state and national horticultural and scientific organizations other than those named and was an honorary member of many similar societies in Europe. In 1893 he was chosen to make the opening address of the Horticultural Congress held at the World’s Fair in Chicago that year. Mr. Berckmans was eminent in entomology as well as in botany and horticulture and was interested in all the sciences. Through much reading, study and travel he became versed in literature and art as well as science. Mr. Berckmans’ fellow-workers in horticulture, his business associates and the patrons of his nursery, justly esteemed him for his amiability, integrity and public spiritedness. At his death, November 8, 1910, a well spent life was ended.

Luther Burbank, known the world over for his work in bringing into being new plant forms, was born in Lancaster, Massachusetts, March 7, 1849. He was educated in the common schools and in the local academy, his school-training being supplemented by much reading in the well-stocked library of which every New England town boasts. After leaving school, some time was spent in a factory in Worcester, Massachusetts, but, following a strong natural inclination to work with plants, he left the factory to grow vegetables and seeds. It was while so engaged that he grew the Burbank potato, most widely known and most valuable, if gauged by the monetary value of the crops produced, of all of his new plants. In 1875 Mr. Burbank went to California and a few years later began in a small way the plant-breeding nursery at Santa Rosa in which most of his work has since been done. The years preceding this beginning and several following it constitute a time of hard labor, sickness and of financial distress through which only a man of remarkable strength of character could have lived and kept the desire to continue his work. Following a decade, more or less, of difficulties after the start at Santa Rosa, Mr. Burbank’s career as a world-wide figure in plant-breeding may be said to have begun. One cannot briefly catalog the new forms of plants that have gone forth from his private place in California; they must number well into the hundreds; his biographer, in 1905, said that Mr. Burbank has worked with over two thousand five hundred distinct species (Harwood, W. S., New Creations in Plant Life 1. 1905). Among these have been practically all of the species of plums now under cultivation, from which have been obtained, according to Mr. Burbank, hundreds of thousands of plum-seedlings of which the breeder has selected a score or more of very distinct sorts, all interesting and a few of them very valuable. The many other fruits, flowers and forage plants which Mr. Burbank has sent out, each involving the handling of countless seedlings, cannot be mentioned here. Nor can his methods and results be discussed, except to say that in them he is a unique figure in plant-breeding and that they have been such that he has exercised a powerful influence toward the improvement of plants. The practical results of Mr. Burbank’s work have been as great or greater than those secured by any other person in plant-breeding, yet they have been magnified out of all bounds in the popular press and his work has been caricatured by calling the man a wizard and ascribing to him occult knowledge. Of the plants introduced by Mr. Burbank the proportion of really valuable commercial ones seems now to be small, but what he has done cannot be measured by money values; he has awakened universal interest in plant-breeding; has demonstrated that things unheard of before his time can be done with plants; and, all in all, his contributions in new forms of plants to horticulture and agriculture, in their intrinsic and educational value, make him the master worker of the times in improving plants.

Statement in a letter from Mr. Burbank.

Mr. Kerr in a letter written in 1909 says: “Wassu, as I have it, is radically different from descriptions of both Waugh and Bailey. The tree is as slovenly in habit as is that of the Burbank—there all resemblance ceases.”

This French plum proved to be the well-known Peach. See Horticulturist =1=:115. 1846.

Mas Le Verger =6=:61. 1866-73.

Mr. Kerr writes: “As I have them here, Yeddo and White Kelsey are the same. If there is a difference between Georgeson and Mikado, I have failed to discover it, but Georgeson and White Kelsey or Yeddo are plainly distinct. The former is larger, rounder and more greenish in skin color.”

Introduced by Wiley and Company of Cayuga, New York in 1892. See Cornell Sta. Bul. =131=:193, fig. 47. 1898.

Cornell Sta. Bul. =106=:52. 1896.

Pom. Mag. =3=:148. 1830.

Can. Hort. =18=:117. 1895.

H. A. Terry was born in Cortland County, New York, July 12th, 1826. His parents were from New England having come as pioneers to New York from Worcester, Massachusetts. The spirit of pioneering seems to have been strong in the Terry family for in 1836 the parents moved again to Livingston County, Michigan. The son, leaving his parents in 1845, again went westward to Knox County, Illinois, and still again in 1846 farther west to Pottawattamie County, Iowa. After this there were still more wanderings in which Mr. Terry and his family, he having married in 1848, were as far east as New Haven, Connecticut, for two years and again west to several places in Iowa. He finally engaged in the nursery business at Crescent, Iowa in 1857; he lived here for over fifty years, giving to the world his best services in the production of new fruits and flowers, and here his death occurred February 14th, 1909. Mr. Terry was noted as a peony and a plum specialist. Of plums he is the originator of over fifty sorts nearly all from the native species—a record unsurpassed in point of numbers for new varieties by any other plum-breeder. Several of Mr. Terry’s plums are of surpassing merit for varieties of their species; among these may be named such well-known sorts as Gold, Hammer, Hawkeye, Nellie Blanche, Crescent City, Downing and Milton. Most of his varieties are offspring of Prunus americana but there are a few from Prunus munsoniana and Prunus hortulana. Unfortunately there is little in regard to Mr. Terry’s method of breeding plums on record for he seems to have written or spoken little for publication. He was long a prominent member of the Iowa State Horticultural Society and for a number of years had charge of one of the experiment stations of this society. Of his work with peonies, of which he produced more than one hundred named sorts, and with other plants, space does not permit discussion. The last half of his life of more than four score years was a tireless effort to improve the fruits and flowers of the Mississippi Valley.

Lauche Deut. Pom. No. 2. 1882.

Cornell Sta. Bul. =106=:53. 1896.

Orville Morell Lord was born in China, Wyoming County, New York, April 20, 1826. When he was eleven years of age the Lord family moved to Lapeer, Michigan, where the subject of this sketch attended the district school and then for a time was in a private school at Pontiac, Michigan. In 1852 Mr. Lord moved to Winona County, Minnesota, where he built a saw mill, and for some years owned and managed a lumber yard. It was only after middle life that he became interested in horticulture and he then chose the native plums as fruits with which to work. He was not a breeder of plums and the Rollingstone, brought in from the wild and sent out by him in 1882, is the only addition to pomology, in the way of a new variety, made by him. The work with this fruit which has given him a name as a plum specialist was in testing hardy varieties. He tried thoroughly all the native plums to be obtained, and much of the present information as to the hardiness of plums for the cold northwest is due to knowledge gained from Mr. Lord’s experimental orchard. He became a member of the Minnesota State Horticultural Society in 1884 and in 1889 was made an honorary life member of this organization. For some years he was a Farmers’ Institute lecturer on horticulture and was for a time horticultural editor of Farm, Stock and Home. He was not only known in the Northwest as a plum specialist but carried on correspondence with plum growers throughout the whole country giving much valuable information regarding this fruit. Beside giving attention to plums he tested many apples for his region and was the originator of one or two varieties now very generally grown in his State. During his life he filled several places of public trust, being a member of the Territorial Legislature in 1853-4 and of the State Legislature in 1873-4. He also served at various times in minor offices in his County and in his State being at the time of his death a member of the Forest Reserve Board of Minnesota. With Peter Gideon he was one of the pioneer fruit-growers in the Northwest and while he has left few fruits of his own breeding and few records in print of the work he did, yet his long and faithful service in developing fruit-growing in the Northwest makes him one of the men of note in American pomology. Mr. Lord died July 21, 1906.

Of this fruit Burbank writes to this Station under date of December 6, 1909, as follows:

“I have this season also about 65,000 or 75,000 Plumcot seedlings,—a wholly new fruit which promises great things for localities where it can be grown. These Plumcots vary more astonishingly from seed than anything which I have ever produced. No pure Apricots or pure Plums are produced, but every possible variety and every possible combination and all qualities are brought out strongly. The range of colors is astonishing,—some new combinations of colors never before seen in fruits have been produced. The best California judges of fruits—the great growers and shippers—have pronounced some of these varieties the best fruit ever produced on this earth. Most of these fruits have a beautiful downy skin—many of them smooth—flesh orange, yellow, white, crimson or green; pits peculiar. The fruits vary from about the size of a medium peach down to the size of Green Gage plums, though the various ones are of every possible size, form, flavor, color, time of ripening, etc. The trees, in some cases, grow faster than any other fruit tree. Sometimes branches grow on even quite young trees twelve feet in length and an inch in diameter in a single season. Others are quite slow growers or even dwarfs.”

Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 105. 1891.

J. W. Kerr, one of the best informed and most enthusiastic cultivators of native and Triflora plums, was born in York County, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1842. He is of Scotch-Irish lineage paternally and of English ancestors maternally. His education at the village school was supplemented by several years teaching and much reading and study in horticultural literature, fondness for which seems to have been inborn. In his early manhood Mr. Kerr engaged in growing trees for sale, a business with which he soon combined a fruit plantation in which he collected and tested all the plums that could be grown in his climate, comprising the great majority of the varieties of American species and of the Oriental plums. This work began in 1870, since which time no man has done more to popularize and improve native plums than Mr. Kerr. His most valuable work has been in testing varieties, where his knowledge of this fruit, his judgment and his sense of discrimination have made his opinion, as set forth in his nursery catalog and in the reports of horticultural societies, authoritative. He has, too, done considerable work in breeding plums, Choptank, Sophie and Maryland probably representing the best of his endeavors in originating new plums. It is a duty and a pleasure to acknowledge here the great services rendered by Mr. Kerr in the preparation of The Plums of New York.

Emmett Stull Goff was born at Elmira, New York, Sept. 3, 1852. He was educated in the public schools and in the Elmira Free Academy, graduating from the last named place in 1869. The following years were spent on his father’s farm until in 1880 he became Associate Editor of an agricultural paper, but finding the work uncongenial he returned to the farm for a short time leaving again to accept in 1882 a position at the New York Agricultural Experiment Station which had just been established. Here for seven years Professor Goff gave his attention to vegetables. His classification of a number of vegetables, the pea, tomato, cabbage and onion in particular, are still standard in American vegetable culture. During his work at this Station he did much pioneer work in spraying plants and invented a device for mixing kerosene and water. In 1889 Professor Goff moved to Madison, Wisconsin, where he became professor of horticulture in the University of Wisconsin and horticulturist of the Wisconsin Experiment Station. Here for fourteen years he gave his attention to various phases of fruit-growing and vegetable-growing. His bulletin 87 on “Native Plums” is the outcome of several years’ experiments in testing and breeding plums of such of our native species as will grow in Wisconsin. His work with plums is particularly valuable, as he was able, in his location, to do much to ascertain the degree of hardiness of many varieties of the species of cultivated plums. From his work with sterility and fertility of varieties came valuable recommendations regarding the cross-pollination of such varieties as are self-sterile. He is the author of Principles of Plant Culture and Lessons on Fruit-growing, text books much used in high schools and agricultural colleges. Professor Goff was a modest and retiring man but singularly independent of view in all things regarding his work and all things that concerned men—a serene, lofty-minded, unselfish man. His death occurred at Madison, June 6th, 1903.

Aug. Royer Annales De Pomologie Belge et Etrangere 63. 1859.

William Prince, born in 1725, was the second proprietor of the famous Prince nursery at Flushing, Long Island, a nursery established by his father, Robert Prince, about 1730. The first of the American Princes was one of the Huguenots who settled at New Rochelle and on the north shore of Long Island, bringing with them a great number of French fruits and the love of the French people for horticulture. The nursery, one of the first, and certainly the most important one in America at this time, grew rapidly until the Revolutionary War. The establishment was of such public importance that during a part of the war the British placed a guard over it to protect it from depredation. With the establishment of peace came an increased trade and the nursery soon attained even greater prominence than before the war. An effort was made by William Prince, then in charge, to import all of the valuable European fruits beside which he grew many seedlings, selecting carefully from them new varieties. Thus in 1790 twenty-five quarts of Reine Claude plum pits were planted from which came Yellow Gage, Imperial Gage and probably the Washington plum. Prince died in 1802, his business having been divided between two sons; Benjamin Prince keeping the original place under the name The Old American Nursery and William Prince occupying a new place called the Linnean Botanic Garden and Nursery. William Prince seems not to have had the inclination to write as did his son and grandson but had, even more than they, business energy. His European exportations and importations made his name famous in horticulture abroad as well as at home. To him Americans owe the introduction of many varieties of foreign fruits and ornamental plants; his was the first of the great nurseries of the country, soon to be followed by others, to import and exchange plants with foreign countries; his is the first recorded attempt to breed fruits in America on an extensive scale and the fact that the three plums sent out by him are still valuable varieties indicates his judgment as to worth in fruits. The reputation made by his son, William Prince, the second, and by William Robert Prince, a grandson, as writers on horticultural subjects, is in large measure due to the information acquired for them and the training given them by the William Prince of this sketch.

Gilbert Onderdonk was born in Sharon, New York, September 30, 1829. As a boy he showed a taste for horticulture and while a lad planted seeds of potatoes, made selections and developed several varieties more or less widely grown in the middle of the last century. Mr. Onderdonk was educated in the Cortland Academy at Cortland, N. Y., and in the State Normal College at Albany. After having taught in the district schools of New York for a few years, he found it necessary to go to a warmer climate because of bronchial trouble and in 1851 moved to Texas, where he became a cowboy, a rancher and finally a fruit-grower. In the region in which he had settled there were wild grapes and wild plums in abundance. The luxuriance of growth and the number of these fruits so impressed him with the possibilities of fruit culture in southwestern Texas that he began planting fruit trees. Of necessity these came from the north and for most part failed. Not to be discouraged, Mr. Onderdonk began the improvement of the wild varieties about his home. From 1855 to the present time his work has been the testing for the region in which he lives, of every variety of fruit to be had in Europe and America, and the improvement of the wild fruits growing about him. The plum, in particular, has received attention from Mr. Onderdonk, and his chief work with this fruit has been the hybridization of Triflora and Munsoniana varieties from the crossing of which he has grown some valuable plums. In 1887, the United States Department of Agriculture employed Mr. Onderdonk to work with plums, grapes and peaches in the southwest, the results of which are to be found in the reports of the Department immediately following the year mentioned. He has also done considerable work for the French in sending resistant vines to France. Mr. Onderdonk is one of several workers in horticulture who have unremittingly served Texas and the southwest in the production of new varieties of fruits and in testing varieties from other regions. The value of the foundation these men have laid for horticulture in the southwest cannot now be estimated.

Mich. Sta. Bul. =118=:52, 54. 1895.

Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 493. 1897.

Joseph L. Normand was born at Marksville, Louisiana, January 14, 1853. He was educated in the public schools of the parish in which he lived. After leaving school he followed the vocation of a printer for a number of years, though from childhood horticulture had been an avocation with him. Before middle life he gave up office work to begin actively the growing of nursery and fruit trees. His work in horticulture early developed into plant-breeding and towards the close of his life all of his energies were devoted to the production of new types of plants. In his plant-breeding Mr. Normand became noted as a hybridizer and a great majority of the fruits and ornamentals sent out by him were hybrids. Among these may be named the Carnegie Orange, a hybrid more or less frost resistant, which he obtained by crossing the Louisiana Sweet Orange with Citrus trifoliata. Mr. Normand also devoted much time to the testing of figs and sent out the New French Fig, selected from some seventy varieties which he had grown. Pears, apples and plums received his attention and in all these fruits he developed original types by hybridization. Possibly his most meritorious work with the plum has been in testing Triflora and native varieties, although he has sent out not a few hybrids of this fruit most of which, however, do not thrive in northern climates. Mr. Normand did for his region what Kerr, Munson, Terry, Lord and Williams have done in other parts of North America in testing plums. All who knew Mr. Normand say that in this day of commercialism he worked almost wholly for the love of plants—to improve them for his fellow fruit-growers regardless of the money to be made in his calling. He lived and worked in a region where his achievements were at first little known and little understood, quite content to work for his work’s sake, but in the end he gained distinction among the fruit-growers of his State and attracted the attention of plant-breeders all over the United States. Mr. Normand died in the town of his birth, April 17, 1910.

A. L. Bruce, whose name appears so frequently in the pages of The Plums of New York as a breeder of native plums, is of Scotch descent. His father, however, came from Illinois to Texas, settling at Basin Springs, Grayson County, in 1845, where he planted the first orchard in that part of Texas. The son, subject of this sketch, was born October 6, 1861, and was educated in the common schools at Basin Springs, Texas. His work in growing and breeding trees began in his youth, for in 1877 he established himself as a grower and collector of native plums to which he added many of the Triflora varieties that were soon after introduced from Japan. Mr. Bruce’s first definite problem in breeding plums was to find extra early and extra late sorts for Texas; his Six Weeks, Red May, Dayton and several other plums were the results of these efforts. In 1902 Mr. Bruce moved to Donley County in the Panhandle of Texas from which place he has sent out and continues to send out Triflora, native and hybrid plums of unusual merit. Beside working with plums Mr. Bruce is a breeder of peaches, pears, raspberries, dewberries and apples, to all of which fruits he has made more or less notable contributions. Mr. Bruce is still in the prime of life, has many plant-breeding problems projected and his work promises much for horticulture in the Southwest and in the country at large.

Transcriber’s Notes

Words surrounded by _ are italicized.

Words surrounded by = are bold.

Illustrations were relocated to correspond to their references in the text.

The illustration “October” was apparently omitted from the book (three different copies checked).

Obvious printer errors corrected and inconsistent spellings have been kept, including inconsistent use of hyphen, accents, capitalisation, and proper names.

Index entries that do not match their referenced text corrected (except where the text is an obvious printer error). Index entries that refer to non-existent text have been deleted.