Part 40

The best Law, is a quiet agreement, made either by themselves, betwixt whom the sute is, or by an Umpire. Optimum Jus, est placida conventio, facta vel ab ipsis, inter quos lis est vel ab Arbitro.

If this do not proceed, they come into Court, 1. (heretofore they judg’d in the Market-place; at this day in the Moot-hall) Hæc si non procedit, venitur in Forum, 1. (olim judicabant in Foro, hodiè in Prætorio) in which the Judge, 2. sitteth with his Assessors, 3. the Clerk, 4. taketh their Votes in writing. cui Judex (Prætor), 2. præsidet cum Assessoribus, 3. Dicographus, 4. excipit Vota calamo.

The Plaintiff, 5. accuseth the Defendant, 6. and produceth Witnesses, 7. against him. Actor, 5. accusat Reum, 6. & producit Testes, 7. contra illum.

The Defendant excuseth himself by a Counsellor, 8. Reus excusat se per Advocatum, 8. whom the Plaintiff’s Counsellor, 9. contradicts. cui Actoris Procurator, 9. contradicit.

Then the Judge pronounceth Sentence, acquitting the innocent, and condemning him that is guilty, Tum Judex Sententiam pronunciat, absolvens insontem, & damnans sontem to a Punishment, or a Fine, or Torment. ad Pœnam, vel Mulctam, vel ad Supplicium.

CXXV.

The Tormenting of Malefactors. Supplicia Malefactorum.

Malefactors, 1. are brought from the Prison, 3. (where they are wont to be tortured) Malefici, 1. producuntur, è Carcere, 3. (ubi torqueri solent) by Serjeants, 2. or dragg’d with a Horse, 15. to place of Execution. per Lictores, 2. vel Equo raptantur, 15. ad locum Supplicii.

Thieves, 4. are hanged by the Hangman, 6. on a Gallows, 5. Fures, 4. suspenduntur a Carnifice, 6. in Patibulo, 5.

Whoremasters are beheaded, 7. Mœchi decollantur, 7.

Murtherers and Robbers Homicidæ (Sicarii) ac Latrones (Piratæ) are either laid upon a Wheel, 8. having their Legs broken, or fastened upon a Stake, 9. vel imponuntur Rotæ crucifragio plexi, 8. vel Palo infiguntur, 9.

Witches are burnt in a great Fire, 10. Striges (Lamiæ) cremantur super Rogum, 10.

Some before they are executed have their Tongues cut out, 11. or have their Hand, 12. cut off upon a Block, 13. or are burnt with Pincers, 14. Quidam antequam supplicio afficiantur elinguantur, 11. aut plectuntur Manu, 12. super Cippum, 13. aut Forcipibus, 14. uruntur

They that have their Life given them, are set on the Pillory, 16. or strapado’d, 17. Vitâ donati, constringuntur Numellis, 16. luxantur, 17. are set upon a wooden Horse, 18. have their Ears cut off, 19. are whipped with Rods, 20. imponuntur Equuleo, 18. truncantur Auribus, 19. cæduntur Virgis, 20. are branded, are banished, are condemned to the Gallies, or to perpetual Imprisonment. Stigmate notantur, relegantur, damnantur ad Triremes, vel ad Carcerem perpetuum.

Traytors are pull’d in pieces with four Horses. Perduelles discerpuntur Quadrigis.

CXXVI.

Merchandizing. Mercatura.

Wares brought from other places are either exchanged in an Exchange, 1. Merces, aliunde allatæ, aliunde vel commutantur in Domo Commerciorum, 1, or exposed to sale in Warehouses, 2. and they are sold for Money, 3. vel exponuntur venum in Tabernis Mercimoniorum, 2. & venduntur pro Pecuniâ (monetâ), 3. being either measured with an Eln, 4. or weighed in a pair of Balances, 5. vel mensuratæ Ulnâ, 4. vel ponderatæ Librâ, 5.

Shop-keepers, 6. Pedlars, 7. and Brokers, 8. would also be called Merchants, 9. Tabernarii. 6. Circumforanei, 7. & Scrutarii, 8. etiam volunt dici Mercatores, 9.

The Seller braggeth of a thing that is to be sold, and setteth the rate of it, and how much it may be sold for. Venditor ostentat rem promercalem, & indicat pretium, quanti liceat.

The Buyer, 10. cheapneth and offereth the price. Emptor, 10. licetur, & pretium offert.

If any one bid against him, 11. the thing is delivered to him that promiseth the most. Si quis contralicetur, 11. ei res addicitur qui pollicetur plurimum.

CXXVII.

Measures and Weights. Mensuræ & Pondera.

We measure things that hang together with an Eln, 1. liquid things with a Gallon, 2. and dry things by a two-bushel Measure, 3. Res continuas metimur Ulnâ, 1. liquidas Congio, 2. aridas Medimno, 3.

We try the heaviness of things by Weights, 4. and Balances, 5. Gravitatem rerum experimur Ponderibus, 4. & Librâ (bilance), 5.

In this is first the Beam, 6. in the midst whereof is a little Axle-tree, 7. In hâc primò est Jugum (Scapus), 6. in cujus medio Axiculus, 7. above the cheeks and the hole, 8. in which the Needle, 9. moveth it self to and fro: superiùs trutina & agina, 8. in quâ Examen, 9. sese agitat: on both sides are the Scales, 10. hanging by little Cords, 11. utrinque sunt Lances, 10. pendentes Funiculis, 11.

The Brasiers balance, 12. weigheth things by hanging them on a Hook, 13. and the Weight, 14. opposite to them which Statera, 12. ponderat res, suspendendo illas Unco, 13. & Pondus, 14. ex opposito, quod in (a) weigheth just as much as the thing, in (b) twice so much in (c) thrice so much, &c. in (a) æquiponderat rei, in (b) bis tantum, in (c) ter, &c.