Part 1

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THE IRON RATION

GEORGE ABEL SCHREINER

AUSTRIAN SOLDIER IN CARPATHIANS GIVING HUNGRY YOUNGSTER SOMETHING TO EAT

Moved by the misery of the civilian population the soldiers will often share their rations with them. An Austrian soldier in this case shares his food with a boy in a small town in the Carpathian Mountains, Hungary.]

THE IRON RATION

Three Years in Warring Central Europe

GEORGE ABEL SCHREINER

Illustrated

Harper & Brothers Publishers New York and London

THE IRON RATION

Copyright, 1918, by Harper & Brothers Printed in the United States of America Published February, 1918

TO MY FRIEND DR. JEROME STONBOROUGH MAN--SCHOLAR--PHILANTHROPIST

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I WAR HITS THE LARDER OF GERMANY 1 II WHEN LORD MARS HAD RULED THREE MONTHS 22 III THE MIGHTY WAR PURVEYOR 34 IV FAMINE COMES TO STAY 56 V THE FOOD SHARK AND HIS WAYS 70 VI THE HOARDERS 93 VII IN THE HUMAN SHAMBLES 115 VIII PATRIOTISM AND A CRAVING STOMACH 131 IX SUB-SUBSTITUTING THE SUBSTITUTE 144 X THE CRUMBS 161 XI MOBILIZING THE PENNIES 173 XII SHORTAGE SUPREME 195 XIII "GIVE US BREAD!" 213 XIV SUBSISTING AT THE PUBLIC CRIB 245 XV THE WEAR AND TEAR OF WAR 265 XVI THE ARMY TILLS 275 XVII WOMAN AND LABOR IN WAR 293 XVIII WAR AND MASS PSYCHOLOGY 305 XIX SEX MORALITY AND WAR 325 XX WAR LOANS AND ECONOMY 353 XXI THE AFTERMATH 368

ILLUSTRATIONS

AUSTRIAN SOLDIER IN CARPATHIANS GIVING HUNGRY YOUNGSTER SOMETHING TO EAT Frontispiece

PROVING-GROUND OF THE KRUPP WORKS AT ESSEN Facing p. 30

A LEVY OF FARMER BOYS OFF FOR THE BARRACKS " 66

GERMAN CAVALRYMEN AT WORK PLOWING " 66

STREET SCENE AT EISENBACH, SOUTHERN GERMANY " 96

CASTLE HOHENZOLLERN " 188

TRAVELING-KITCHEN IN BERLIN " 260

STREET TRAM AS FREIGHT CARRIER " 260

WOMEN CARRYING BRICKS AT BUDAPEST " 296

VILLAGE SCENE IN HUNGARY " 296

SCENE IN GERMAN SHIP-BUILDING YARD " 378

PREFACE