Chapter 12. Why? What Can We Do?

WHY? WHAT CAN WE DO?

Claiming to believe in the high destiny of America as a world-leader, our invisible government urges timid policies of appeasement and surrender which make America a world whipping-boy rather than a world leader. Claiming to believe in the dignity and worth of the human individual, the modern liberals who run our invisible government urge an ever-growing welfare-state which is destroying individualism--which has already so weakened the American sense of personal responsibility that crime rates have increased 98 percent in our land during the past ten years.

Why? Why do prominent Americans support programs which are so harmful? It is a difficult question to answer.

* * * * *

Somewhere at the top of the pyramid in the invisible government are a few sinister people who know exactly what they are doing: they want America to become part of a worldwide socialist dictatorship, under the control of the Kremlin.

* * * * *

Some may actually dislike communists, but feel that one-world socialism is desirable and inevitable. They are working with a sense of urgency for a "benign" world socialist dictatorship to forestall the Kremlin from imposing its brand of world dictatorship by force.

* * * * *

Some leaders in the invisible government are brilliant and power-hungry men who feel that the masses are unable to govern themselves and who want to set up a great dictatorship which will give them power to arrange things for the masses.

The leadership of the invisible government doubtless rests in the hands of a sinister or power-hungry few; but its real strength is in the thousands of Americans who have been drawn into the web for other reasons. Many, if not most, of these are status-seekers.

* * * * *

When you are a rising junior executive, or a man of any age looking for good business and social connections, it seems good to go to a luncheon where you can sit at the head table and call leaders of the community by their first names. Most of the propaganda agencies affiliated with the Council on Foreign Relations provide such opportunities for members.

A businessman enjoys coming home from a black-tie affair in New York or Washington where he and a few other "chosen" men have been given a "confidential, off-the-record briefing" by some high governmental official. The Council on Foreign Relations provides such experiences for officials of companies which contribute money to the CFR.

This status-seeking is a way of life for thousands of American businessmen. Some of them would not give it up even if they knew their activities were supporting the socialist revolution, although at heart they are opposed to socialism. Most of them, however, would withdraw from the Foreign Policy Association, and the World Affairs Councils, and the Committee for Economic Development, and the American Association for the UN, and the National Conference of Christians and Jews, and the Advertising Council, and similar organizations, if they were educated to an understanding of what their membership in such organizations really means.

The job of every American who knows and cares is to make sure that all of the people in the invisible government network know exactly what they are doing.

* * * * *

But beyond that, what can we do? What can we Americans do about the Council on Foreign Relations and its countless tentacles of power and money and influence and propaganda which are wrapped around all the levers of political power in Washington; which reach into the schools and churches and respected civic organizations of America; which control major media of communications; which are insinuated into controlling positions in the big unions; and which even have a grip on the prestige and money of major American corporations?

It is often suggested that investigation by the FBI might be the answer.

For example, after the March-April Term (1960) Grand Jury in Fulton County, Georgia, condemned Foreign Policy Association literature as "insidious and subversive" and the American Legion Post published The Truth About The Foreign Policy Association to document the Grand Jury's findings (see Chapter V), supporters of the Foreign Policy Association denounced the legionnaires, saying, in effect, that if there were a need to investigate the FPA, the investigation should be done in proper, legal manner by trained FBI professionals and not by "vigilantes" and "amateurs" and "bigoted ignoramuses" on some committee of an American Legion Post.

This is an effective propaganda technique. It gives many the idea that the organization under criticism has nothing to hide and is willing to have all its activities thoroughly investigated, if the investigation is conducted properly and decently.

* * * * *

But the fact is that the FBI has no jurisdiction to investigate the kind of activities engaged in by the Foreign Policy Association and its related and affiliated organizations. The Foreign Policy Association is not a communist organization. If it were, it could be handled easily. The Attorney General and the committees of Congress could simply post it as a communist organization. Then, it would receive support only from people who are conscious instruments of the communist conspiracy; and there are not, relatively, very many of those in the United States.

The FPA's Councils on World Affairs are supported by patriotic community leaders. Yet, these Councils have done more than all communists have ever managed to do, in brainwashing the American people with propaganda for governmental intervention in the economic affairs of the people, and for endless permanent entanglement in the affairs of foreign nations--thus preparing this nation for submergence in a one-world socialist system, which is the objective of communism.

* * * * *

Inasmuch as the invisible government is composed of organizations which enjoy the special privilege of federal tax-exemption (a privilege seldom given to organizations advocating return to traditional American policies) it is often suggested that public pressures might persuade the Treasury Department to withdraw the tax-exempt privilege from these organizations.

How could the Treasury Department ever be persuaded to take action against the Council on Foreign Relations, when the Council controls the Department? Douglas Dillon, Secretary of the Treasury, is a member of the CFR.

It is impractical to think of getting Treasury Department action against the CFR. Moreover, such a solution to the problem could be dangerous.

A governmental agency which has limitless power to withdraw special tax-privileges must also have limitless power to grant special privileges. The Treasury Department could destroy all of the organizations composing the invisible government interlock by the simple action of withdrawing the tax-exempt privilege, thus drying up major sources of revenue. But the Treasury Department could then create another Frankenstein monster by giving tax-exemption to other organizations.

It is often suggested that some congressional committee investigate the Council on Foreign Relations and the network of organizations interlocked with it.

Yet, as we have seen, two different committees of Congress--one Democrat-controlled and one Republican-controlled--have tried to investigate the big tax-exempt foundations which are interlocked with, and controlled by, and provide the primary source of revenue for, the Council on Foreign Relations and its affiliates.

Both committees were gutted with ridicule and vicious denunciation, not just by the official communist party press, but by internationalists in the Congress, by spokesmen for the executive branch of government, and by big respected publishing and broadcasting firms which are a part of the controlled propaganda network of the Council on Foreign Relations.

* * * * *

The invisible government is not, however, beyond the reach of the whole Congress, if the Congress has the spur and support of an informed public.

Our only hope lies in the Congress which is responsive to public will, when that will is fully and insistently expressed.

Every time I suggest that aroused citizens write their Congressmen and Senators, I get complaints from people who say they have been writing for years and that it does no good.

Yet, remember the Connally Reservation issue in January, 1960. The Humphrey Resolution (to repeal the Connally Reservation and thus permit the World Court to assume unlimited jurisdiction over American affairs) was before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. The Chairman of this Committee was J. William Fulbright (Democrat, Arkansas) a Rhodes-scholar internationalist, determined to repeal the Connally Reservation. Leaders in Congress and in the Administration were determined to repeal the Connally Reservation, and so was the invisible government of the United States--which means that the vast thought-controlling machine of the CFR (radio and television networks; major newspapers and magazines; and an imposing array of civic, church, professional, and "educational" organizations) had been in high gear for many months, saturating the public with "world-peace-through-world-law" propaganda intended to shame and scare the public into accepting repeal of the Connally Reservation.

But word got out, and the American public positively Stunned Congress with protests. Fulbright let the resolution die in committee.

The expression of public will was massive and explosive in connection with the Connally Reservation, whereas in connection with many other equally important issues, the public seems indifferent. The reason is that the Connally Reservation is a simple issue. It is easy for a voter to write or wire his elected representatives saying, "Let's keep the Connally Reservation"; or, "If you vote for repeal of the Connally Reservation, I'll vote against you."

What kind of wire or letter can a voter send his elected representatives concerning the bigger and more important issue which I have labeled "Invisible Government"?

The ultimate solution lies in many sweeping and profound changes in the policies of government, which cannot be effected until a great many more Americans have learned a great deal more about the American constitutional system than they know now.

* * * * *

But there is certain action which the people could demand of Congress immediately; and every Congressman and Senator who refuses to support such action could be voted out of office the next time he stands for re-election.

1. We should demand that Congress amend the Internal Revenue Code in such a way that no agency of the executive branch of government will have the power to grant federal tax-exemption. The Constitution gives the power of taxation only to the Congress. Hence, only Congress should have the power to grant exemption from taxation.

Instead of permitting the Internal Revenue Service of the Treasury Department to decide whether a foundation or any other organization shall have federal tax-exemption, Congress should exercise this power, fully publicizing and frequently reviewing all grants of tax-exemption.

2. In addition to demanding that Congress take the power of granting and withholding federal tax-exemption away from the executive agencies, voters should demand that the House of Representatives form a special committee to investigate the Council on Foreign Relations and its associated foundations and other organizations.

The investigation should be conducted for the same purpose that the great McCarran investigation of the Institute of Pacific Relations was conducted--that is, to identify the people and organizations involved and to provide an authentic record, of the invisible government's aims and programs, and personnel, for the public to see and study. Such an investigation, if properly conducted, would thoroughly discredit the invisible government in the eyes of the American people.

* * * * *

There is, however, only one sure and final way to stop this great and growing evil--and that is to cut it out as if it were cancerous, which it is. The only way to cut it out is to eliminate the income-tax system which spawned it.

The federal income-tax system suckles the forces which are destroying our free and independent republic. Abolish the system, and the sucklings will die of starvation.

That is the ultimate remedy, but before we can compel Congress to provide this remedy, we must have an educated electorate. The problem of educating the public is great--not because of the inability of the people to understand, but because of the difficulty of reaching them with the freedom story.

If the federal government, during the 1962 fiscal year, had not collected one penny in tax on personal incomes, the government would still have had more tax revenue from other sources than the total of what Harry Truman collected in his most extravagant peacetime spending year. Every American, who knows that, can readily understand the possibility and the necessity of repealing the federal tax on personal incomes. But how many Americans know those simple facts? The job of everyone who knows and cares is to get such facts to others.

* * * * *

Even if we did take action to divest the Council on Foreign Relations and its powerful interlock of control over our government; and even if we did reverse the policies which are now dragging us into a one-world socialist dictatorship--what would we do about some of the dangerous messes which our policies already have us involved in? What, for example, could we do about Cuba? About Berlin?

In some ways, the policies of our invisible government have taken us beyond the point of no return. Consider the problem of Cuba. Armed intervention in the affairs of another nation violates the principles of the traditional American policy of benign neutrality, to which I think our nation should return. Yet, our intervention in Cuban affairs (on the side of communism) has produced such a dangerous condition that we should now intervene with armed might in the interest of our own survival.

* * * * *

For sixteen years, we have seen the disastrous fallacy of trying to handle the foreign affairs of our great nation through international agencies. This leaves us without a policy of our own, and makes it impossible for us to take any action in our own interest or against the interests of communism, because communists have more actual votes, and infinitely more influence, in all the international agencies than we have. At the same time, our enemies, the communist nations, set and follow their own policies, contemptuously ignoring the international agencies which hamstring America and bleed American taxpayers for subsidies to our mortal enemies.

America must do two things soon if she expects to survive as a free and independent nation:

(1) We must withdraw from membership in all international, governmental, or quasi-governmental, organizations--including, specifically, the World Court, the United Nations, and all UN specialized agencies. (2) We must act vigorously, unilaterally, and quickly, to protect vital American security interests in the Western Hemisphere--particularly in Cuba.

We have already passed the time when we can act in Cuba easily and at no risk; but if we have any sane, manly concern for protecting the vital security of the American nation and the lives and property of United States citizens, we had better do the only thing left for us to do: send overwhelming American military force to take Cuba over quickly, and keep it under American military occupation, as beneficently as possible, until the Cuban people can hold free elections to select their own government.

The other nations of the world would scream; but they would, nonetheless, respect us. Such action in our own interests is the only thing that will restore our "prestige" in the world--and restore American military security in the Western Hemisphere.

* * * * *

What should we do about Berlin?

The Berlin problem must be solved soon, because it is too effectively serving the purpose for which it was created in the first place: to justify whatever programs the various governments involved want to pursue.

It sometimes looks as if the Kremlin and Washington officialdom are working hand-in-glove to deceive the people of both nations, turning the Berlin "crisis" on and off to cover up failures and to provide excuses for more adventures.

Berlin will cause a world war only when the United States is willing to go to war with the Soviet Union to free Berlin from the trap it is in. If we won't defend our own vital interests against the aggressive and arrogant actions of communists 90 miles from our shores, what would prompt us to cross the ocean and defend Germans from communists?

The cold fact of the matter is that we should not defend Berlin. This is a job for Germans, not Americans.

The Germans are an able and prosperous people. They are capable of fighting their own war, if war is necessary to protect them from communism.

It is inaccurate to refer to the eastern part of Germany as "communist Germany." That part of Germany is under communist enslavement; but the Germans who live there probably hate communists more than any other people on earth do.

The uprisings of 1953, and the endless stream of refugees fleeing from the communist zone in Germany, are proof enough that the communists could not hold East Germany without the presence of Soviet troops.

There is enough hunger and poverty and hatred of communism in eastern Germany to justify the conclusion that even Khrushchev knows he has a bear by the tail there. If we would do our part, Khrushchev would either turn loose and run; or the bear would pull loose and destroy Khrushchev.

What part should we play? We should do exactly what the President and the State Department assure the world they will not do: we should present the Soviets with a fait accompli, and an ultimatum.

We should call an immediate conference with the governments of France, England, and West Germany to explain that America has devoted 16 years and many billions of dollars to rehabilitating and defending western Europe; that Europe is now in many ways more soundly prosperous than we are; that the 180 million Americans can no longer be expected to ruin their own economy and neglect the defense of their own homeland for the purpose of assisting and defending the 225 million people of Western Europe; and that, therefore, we are through.

We have no need, at home, for all of the vast stores of military equipment which we now have in Europe for the defense of Europe. What we do not need for the defense of our homeland, we should offer as a gift to West Germany, since we produced the material in the first place for the purpose of resisting communism, and since the West Germans are the only people in Western Europe who apparently want to resist it.

We should give the West Germans (and the other western powers) six months to train whatever manpower they want for manning their own defenses. At the end of that time, we should pull out and devote ourselves to defending America.

With or without the consent of France and England, we should sign a peace treaty with the government of Western Germany, recognizing it as the lawful government of all Germany and imposing no restrictions on the sovereignty of Germany--that is, leaving Germany free to arm as it pleases.

Immediately following the signing of this treaty, we should announce to the world that, when we pull out of Europe at the end of six months, we expect the Soviets to pull out of Germany entirely. If, within one week after we effect our withdrawal, the Soviets are not out--or if they later come back in, against the wishes of the German nation--we should break off diplomatic relations with all communist countries; deny all representatives of all communist nations access to United Nations headquarters which are on United States soil; and exert maximum pressures throughout the world to isolate all communist countries, economically and diplomatically, from all non-communist countries.

That is an American plan, which would solve the German "problem" in the interests of peace and freedom.

* * * * *

Many Americans, who see what the solution to our grave problems ought to be, have lost hope that we will ever achieve such solution, because, in the end, the solution rests with the people.

It is the people who must compel their elected representatives to make a thorough investigation of the Council on Foreign Relations and its interlock.

It is the people who must compel Congress to deny administrative Agencies of government the unconstitutional power of granting tax-exemption.

It is the people who must compel Congress to submit a constitutional amendment calling for repeal of the income tax amendment.

It is the people who must compel Washington officialdom to do what is right and best for America in foreign affairs, especially in Cuba and Berlin.

Many Americans are in despair because they feel that the people will never do these things. These pessimists seem to share the late Harry Hopkins' conviction that the American people are too dumb to think.

I do not believe it. I subscribe to the marvelous doctrine of Thomas Jefferson, who said:

"I know no safe depository of the ultimate powers of society but the people themselves; and if we think them not enlightened enough to exercise their control with a wholesome discretion, the remedy is not to take it from them, but to inform their discretion by education."

Appendix

COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS MEMBERSHIP ROSTER

This roster of membership is from the 1960-61 Annual Report of the CFR.

Directors

Frank Altschul 1984- Hamilton Fish Armstrong 1928- Elliott V. Bell 1953- Isaiah Bowman 1921-1950 William A. M. Burden 1945- Archibald Cary Coolidge 1921-1928 Paul D. Cravath 1921-1940 John W. Davis 1921-1955 Norman H. Davis 1921-1944 Arthur H. Dean 1955- Harold W. Dodds 1935-1943 Lewis W. Douglas 1940- Stephen P. Duggan 1921-1950 Allen W. Dulles 1927- Thomas K. Finletter 1944- John H. Finley 1921-1929 William C. Foster 1959- Leon Fraser 1936-1945 Edwin F. Gay 1921-1945 W. Averell Harrman 1950-1955 Caryl P. Haskins 1961- David F. Houston 1921-1927 Charles P. Howland 1929-1931 Clarence E. Hunter 1942-1953 Philip C. Jessup 1934-1942 Joseph E. Johnson 1950- Devereux C. Josephs 1951-1958 Otto H. Kahn 1921-1934 Grayson L. Kirk 1950- R. C. Leffingwell 1927-1960 Walter Lippman 1932-1937 Walter H. Mallory 1945, 1951- George O. May 1927-1953 John J. McCloy 1953- Wesley C. Mitchell 1927-1934 Frank L. Polk 1921-1943 Philip D. Reed 1945- Winfield W. Riefler 1945-1950 David Rockefeller 1949- Whitney H. Shepardson 1921- William R. Shepherd 1921-1927 Charles M. Spofford 1955- Adlai E. Stevenson 1958- Myron C. Taylor 1943-1959 Paul M. Warburg 1921-1932 Edward Warner 1940-1945 George W. Wickersham 1921-1936 John H. Williams 1937- Clarence M. Woolley 1932-1935 Henry M. Wriston 1943- Owen D. Young 1927-1940

Resident Members

Albrecht-Carrie, Rene Aldrich, Winthrop W. Alexander, Archibald S. Alexander, Henry C. Alexander, Robert J. Allan, F. Aley Allen, Charles E. Allen, Philip E. Alley, James B. Allport, Alexander W. Alpern, Alan N. Altschul, Arthur G. Altschul, Frank Ames, Amyas Ammidon, Hoyt Anderson, Arthur M. Anderson, Harold F. Anderson, Robert B. Angell, James W. Armour, Norman Armstrong, Hamilton Fish Ascoli, Max Aubrey, Henry G. Ault, Bromwell

Backer, George Baker, Edgar R. Baldwin, Hanson W. Bancroft, Harding F. Barber, Charles F. Barber, Joseph Barker, Robert R. Barkin, Solomon Barnes, Joseph Barnett, A. Doak Barnett, Frank R. Barrett, Edward W. Bastedo, Philip Baumer, William H. Baxter, James P., 3rd Beal, Gerald F. Beckhart, Benjamin H. Bedard, Pierre Beebe, Frederick S. Bell, Elliott V. Bennett, John C. Benton, William B. Beplat, Tristan E. Berle, Adolf A., Jr. Bessie, Simon Michael Bevis, Herman W. Bidwell, Percy W. Bienstock, Abraham L. Bingham, Jonathan B. Black, Peter Blair, Floyd G. Blake, Robert O. Blough, Roger M. Blough, Roy Blum, John A. Boardman, Arthur G., Jr. Bogdan, Norbert A. Bolte, Charles G. Bonsal, Dudley B. Boorman, Howard L. Boyd, Hugh N. Braden, Spruille Bradford, Amory H. Bramstedt, W. F. Braxton, Carter M. Breck, Henry C. Brinckeroff, Charles M. Brittenham, Raymond L. Bronk, Detlev W. Brown, Courtney C. Brown, Francis Brown, John Mason Brown, Walter L. Brownell, George A. Brownell, Lincoln C. Bruce, James Brzezinski, Zbigniew Bullock, Hugh Bunche, Ralph J. Bunker, Arthur H. Bunker, Ellsworth Bunnell, C. Sterling Burden, William A. M. Burgess, Carter L. Burkhardt, Frederick Burns, Arthur F. Bush, Donald F. Butler, William F. Buttenwieser, Benjamin J.

Cain, Charles, Jr. Calder, Alexander, Jr. Calhoun, Alexander D. Campbell, H. Donald Campbell, John C. Canfield, Cass Carey, Andrew G. Carpenter, George W. Carroll, Mitchell B. Carson, Ralph M. Case, James H., Jr. Case, John C. Cattier, Jean Chadbourne, William M. Champion, George Chase, W. Howard Cheney, Ward Childs, Thomas W. Christie, Lansdell K. Chubb, Percy, 2nd Church, Edgar M. Clapp, Gordon R. Clark, Brig. Gen. Edwin N. Clark, James F. Clay, Gen. Lucius D. Clinchy, Everett R. Coffin, Edmund Cohen, Jerome B. Collado, Emilio G. Collings, L. V. Collingwood, Charles P. Colwell, Kent G. Conant, James B. Conant, Melvin Cook, Howard A. Coombs, Charles A. Cooper, Franklin S. Cordier, Andrew W. Cousins, Norman Cowan, L. Gray Cowles, Gardner Cox, Charles R. Creel, Dana S. Cummings, Robert L., Jr. Cusick, Peter

Dallin, Alexander Danner, Arthur V. Darrell, Norris Daum, Earl C. Davenport, John Davis, Norman P. Davison, W. Phillips Dean, Arthur H. Debevoise, Eli Whitney De Lima, Oscar A. De Vegh, Imrie De Vries, Henry P. Dewey, Thomas E. D'Harnoncourt, Rene Diebold, William, Jr. Dillon, Clarence Dilworth, J. Richardson Dodge, Cleveland E. Donner, Frederick G. Donovan, Hedley Dorr, Goldthwaite H. Dorwin, Oscar John Douglas, Lewis W. Douglas, Percy L. Dryfoos, Orvil E. Dubinsky, David DuBois, J. Delafield Durdin, Tillman

Eagle, Vernon A. Eaton, Fredrick M. Eberstadt, Ferdinand Edelman, Albert I. Eder, Phanor J. Eichelberger, Clark M. Elliott, L. W. Emmet, Christopher Engel, Irving M. Ernst, Albert E. Erpf, Armand G. Evans, Roger F. Eveleth, George S., Jr. Ewing, Sherman Ewing, William, Jr. Exter, John

Fahs, Charles B. Field, William Osgood, Jr. Fischer, John S. Fisher, Henry J. Fleck, G. Peter Fleischmann, Manly Florinsky, Michael T. Ford, Nevil Forkner, Claude E. Forrestal, Michael V. Fosdick, Raymond B. Fox, Joseph C. Fox, William T. R. Foye, Arthur B. Franklin, George S., Jr. Franklin, John M. Freedman, Emanuel R. French, John Freudenthal, David M. Friele, Berent Friendly, Henry J. Fry, Varian Fuerbringer, Otto Fuller, C. Dale Fuller, Robert G.

Galantiere, Lewis Gallatin, James P. Gamble, Sidney D. Gant, George F. Gardner, John W. Garretson, Albert H. Garrison, Lloyd K. Gaston, George A. Gates, Samuel E. Gates, Thomas S. Gay, Edward R. Geneen, Harold S. Gevers, Max E. Gibney, Frank B. Gideonse, Harry D. Gifford, Walter S. Gillespie, S. Hazard, Jr. Gilpatric, Chadbourne Golden, William T. Goldsmith, Arthur Goldstone, Harmon H. Goodrich, Leland M. Gordon, Albert H. Goss, James H. Grace, J. P., Jr. Graff, Robert D. Gray, William Latimer Gray, William Steele Grazier, Joseph A. Griffith, Thomas Grimm, Peter Grondahl, Teg C. Gross, Ernest A. Grover, Allen Guggenheim, Harry F. Gunther, John Gurfein, Murray I.

Haight, George W. Hall, Perry E. Hamilton, Thomas J. Hamlin, Chauncey J. Hammond, Capt. Paul Hance, William A. Hanes, John W., Jr. Harrar, J. G. Harriman, E. Roland Hasler, Frederick E. Hauge, Gabriel Hayes, Alfred Hazard, John N. Heald, Henry T. Heckscher, August Heineman, Dannie N. Henderson, William Herod, W. Rogers Herring, Pendleton Herzog, Paul M. Hess, Jerome S. Hill, Forrest F. Hill, James T. Jr. Hill, John A. Hills, Robert C. Hirschman, Albert O. Hochschild, Harold K. Hochschild, Walter Hoglund, Elis S. Hoguet, Robert L., Jr. Hohenberg, John Holland, Henry F. Holland, Kenneth Holman, Eugene Holst, Willem Holt, L. Emmett, Jr. Homer, Sidney, Jr. Hoopes, Townsend Hoover, Lyman Horn, Garfield H. Horton, Philip Hottelet, Richard C. Houghton, Arthur A., Jr. Houston, Frank K. Howard, John B. Howe, John Hughes, Emmet John Hughes, John Chambers Humphreys, H. E., Jr. Hupper, Roscoe H. Hurewitz, J. C. Hyde, Henry B. Hyde, James N.

Ide, John J. Inglis, John B. Irwin, John N., 2nd Iselin, O'Donnell

Jackson, C. D. Jackson, William E. James, George F. Jaretzki, Alfred, Jr. Jay, Nelson Dean Jessup, Alpheus W. Jessup, John K. Johnson, Edward F. Johnson, Howard C. Johnson, Joseph E. Jones, David J. Jones, W. Alton Josephs, Devereux C. Joubert, Richard Cheney

Kaminer, Peter H. Kane, R. Keith Kappel, Frederick E. Keezer, Dexter Merriam Keiser, David M. Kelley, Nicholas Kenney, F. Donald Kern, Harry F. Kettaneh, Francis A. Keyser, Paul V., Jr. Kiaer, Herman S. King, Frederic R. Kirk, Adm. Alan G. Kirk, Grayson L. Klots, Allen T. Knoke, L. Werner Knoppers, Antonie T. Knowles, John Ellis Knox, William E. Koenig, Robert P. Kohn, Hans Kraft, Joseph

Lada-Mocarski, V. La Farge, Francis W. Lamb, Horace R. Lamont, Peter T. Lamont, Thomas S. Lang, Robert E. Larmon, Sigurd S. LaRoche, Chester J. Laukhuff, Perry LeBaron, Eugene Lee, Elliott H. Lehman, Herbert H. Lehman, Orin Lehman, Robert Lehrman, Hal Leich, John F. Leonard, James G. Leroy, Norbert G. Leslie, John C. Levy, Walter J. Lewis, Roger Lewisohn, Frank Lieberman, Henry R. Lightner, M. C. Lilienthal, David E. Lindquist, Warren T. Lissitzyn, Oliver J. Lockwood, John E. Lockwood, Mancie deF., 3rd Lockwood, William A. Lodge, Henry Cabot Loeb, John L. Logan, Sheridan A. Loomis, Alfred L. Loos, Rev. A. William Loucks, Harold H. Lounsbury, Robert H. Lubin, Isador Luce, Henry R. Ludt, R. E. Luitweiler, J. C. Lunning, Just Lyford, Joseph P.

McCance, Thomas McCarthy, John G. McCloy, John J. McDaniel, Joseph M., Jr. McDonald, James G. McGraw, James H., Jr. McKeever, Porter McLean, Donald H., Jr. MacDuffie, Marshall MacEachron, David W. MacIntyre, Malcolm A. MacIver, Murdoch MacVeagh, Ewen Cameron Maffry, August Maguire, Walter N. Malin, Patrick Murphy Mallory, Walter H. Mark, Rev. Julius Markel, Lester Martino, Joseph A. Marvel, William W. Masten, John E. Mathews, Edward J. Mattison, Graham D. May, A. Wilfred May, Stacy Menke, John R. Merz, Charles Metzger, Herman A. Mickelson, Sig Midtbo, Harold Millar, D. G. Millard, Mark J. Miller, Edward G., Jr. Miller, Paul R., Jr. Miller, William J. Millis, Walter Mills, Bradford Minor, Clark H. Mitchell, Don G. Mitchell, Sidney A. Model, Leo Monaghan, Thomas E. Moore, Ben T. Moore, Edward F. Moore, George S. Moore, Maurice T. Moore, William T. Morgan, Cecil Morgan, D. P. Morgan, Henry S. Morris, Grinnell Mosely, Philip E. Muir, Malcolm Munroe, Vernon, Jr. Munyan, Winthrop R. Murdin, Forrest D. Murphy, Grayson M-P. Murphy, J. Morden

Nason, John W. Neal, Alfred C. Nebolsine, George Nicely, James M. Nichols, Thomas S. Nichols, William I. Nickerson, A. L. Nielsen, Waldemar A. Nolte, Richard H. Northrop, Johnston F. Notestein, Frank W. Noyes, Charles Phelps

Oakes, John B. O'Brien, Justin O'Connor, Roderic L. Ogden, Alfred Olds, Irving Sands Oppenheimer, Fritz E. Osborn, Earl D. Osborn, Frederick H. Osborn, William H. Osborne, Stanley de J. Ostrander, F. Taylor, Jr. Overby, Andrew N. Overton, Douglas W.

Pace, Frank, Jr. Page, Howard W. Page, John H. Page, Robert G. Pagnamenta, G. Paley, William S. Parker, Philo W. Patterson, Ellmore C. Patterson, Frederick D. Patterson, Morehead Patterson, Richard C., Jr. Payne, Frederick B. Payne, Samuel B. Payson, Charles Shipman Peardon, Thomas P. Peffer, Nathaniel Pennoyer, Paul G. Peretz, Don Perkins, James A. Perkins, Roswell B. Peters, C. Brooks Petersen, Gustav H. Petschek, Stephen R. Phillips, Christopher H. Pierce, William C. Pierson, Warren Lee Pifer, Alan Pike, H. Harvey Plimpton, Francis T. P. Poletti, Charles Polk, Judd Poor, Henry V. Potter, Robert S. Powers, Joshua B. Pratt, H. Irving, Jr. Proudfit, Arthur T.

Quigg, Philip W.

Rabi, Isidor I. Rathbone, M. J. Ray, George W., Jr. Reber, Samuel Redmond, Roland L. Reed, Philip D. Reeves, Jay B. L. Reid, Ogden Reid, Whitelaw Rheinstein, Alfred Richardson, Arthur Berry Richardson, Dorsey Richardson, John R., Jr. Riegelman, Harold Ripley, Joseph P. Roberts, George Roberts, Henry L. Robinson, Geroid T. Robinson, Leland Rex Rockefeller, David Rockefeller, John D., 3rd Rockhill, Victor E. Rodriguez, Vincent A. Rogers, Lindsay Roosevelt, George Emlen Root, Elihu, Jr. Root, Oren Roper, Elmo Rosenberg, James N. Rosenman, Samuel I. Rosenstiel, Lewis Rosenwald, William Rosinski, Herbert Ross, Emory Ross, T. J. Rouse, Robert G. Royce, Alexander B. Ruebhausen, Oscar M. Rush, Kenneth Rustow, Dankwart A.

Sachs, Alexander Sachs, Howard J. Saltzman, Charles E. Samuels, Nathaniel Sargeant, Howland H. Sargent, Noel Sarnoff, Brig. Gen. David Sawin, Melvin E. Schaffner, Joseph Halle Schapiro, J. Salwyn Scherman, Harry Schiff, John M. Schiller, A. Arthur Schilthuis, Willem C. Schmidt, Herman J. Schmoker, J. Benjamin Schwartz, Harry Schwarz, Frederick A. O. Scott, John Sedwitz, Walter J. Seligman, Eustace Seymour, Whitney North Sharp, George C. Sharp, James H. Shea, Andrew B. Sheffield, Frederick Shepard, David A. Shepard, Frank P. Shepardson, Whitney H. Shepherd, Howard C. Sherbert, Paul C. Sherman, Irving H. Shields, Murray Shields, W. Clifford Shirer, William L. Shute, Benjamin R. Siegbert, Henry Sims, Albert G. Slater, Joseph E. Slawson, John Sloan, Alfred P., Jr. Smith, Carleton Sprague Smith, David S. Smith, Hayden N. Smith, W. Mason, Jr. Smull, J. Barstow Solbert, Peter O. A. Sonne, H. Christian Soubry, E. E. Spaght, Monroe E. Spang, Kenneth M. Spencer, Percy C. Spofford, Charles M. Stackpole, Stephen H. Stebbins, James H. Stebbins, Richard P. Stern, H. Peter Stevenson, Adlai E. Stevenson, John R. Stewart, Robert McLean Stillman, Chauncey Stillman, Ralph S. Stinebower, Leroy D. Stoddard, George D. Stokes, Isaac N. P. Stone, Shepard Straka, Jerome A. Straus, Donald B. Straus, Jack I. Straus, Oscar S. Straus, Ralph I. Straus, R. Peter Strauss, Simon D. Strong, Benjamin Sulzberger, Arthur Hays Swatland, Donald C. Swingle, William S. Swope, Gerard, Jr.

Tannenbaum, Frank Tannenwald, Theodore Thomas, H. Gregory Thompson, Earle S. Thompson, Kenneth W. Tibby, John Tinker, Edward Laroque Tomlinson, Roy E. Townsend, Edward Townsend, Oliver Traphagan, J. C. Travis, Martin B., Jr. Trippe, Juan Terry Truman, David B. Tweedy, Gordon B.

Uzielli, Giorgio

Van Dusen, Rev. Henry P. von Mehren, Robert B. Voorhees, Tracy S.

Walker, Joseph, Jr. Walkowicz, T. F. Wallace, Schuyler C. Warburg, Eric M. Warburg, Frederick M. Warburg, James P. Ward, Thomas E. Warfield, Ethelbert Warren, John Edwin Wasson, Donald Wasson, R. Gordon Watson, Arthur K. Watson, Thomas J., Jr. Wauchope, Rear Adm. George Weaver, Sylvester L., Jr. Webster, Bethuel M. Welch, Leo D. Wellborn, Vice Adm. Charles, Jr. Wernimont, Kenneth Wheeler, Walter H., Jr. Whidden, Howard P. Whipple, Taggart Whipple, Brig. Gen. William White, Frank X. White, H. Lee White, Theodore H. Whitman, H. H. Whitney, John Hay Whitridge, Arnold Wight, Charles A. Wilkinson, Col. Lawrence Willcox, Westmore Williams, Langbourne M. Willits, Joseph H. Wilson, John D. Wilson, Orme Wilson, Philip D. Wingate, Henry S. Winslow, Richard S. Wood, Bryce Woodward, Donald B. Woodyatt, Philip Woolley, Knight Wright, Harry N. Wriston, Henry M. Wriston, Walter B.

Yost, Charles W. Young, John M.

Zurcher, Arnold J.

Non-Resident Members

Acheson, Dean Achilles, Theodore C. Adams, Roger Agar, Herbert Akers, Anthony B. Allen, Raymond B. Allyn, S. C. Amory, Robert, Jr. Anderson, Dillon Anderson, Vice Adm. George Anderson, Roger E. Anderson, Gen. Samuel E. Armstrong, John A. Atherton, J. Ballard Attwood, William Auld, George P.

Babcock, Maj. Gen. C. Stanton Badeau, John S. Baker, George P. Ball, George W. Ballou, George T. Barghoorn, Frederick C. Barker, James M. Barnett, Robert W. Barrows, Leland Bartholomew, Dana T. Bass, Robert P., Jr. Bassow, Whitman Bateman, William H. Bates, Marston Bator, Francis M. Bayne, Edward Ashley Bechtel, S. D. Bell, Holley Mack Benda, Harry J. Bennett, Martin Toscan Bergson, Abram Berkner, L. V. Bernstein, Edward M. Betts, Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Bissell, Richard M., Jr. Black, Cyril E. Black, Col. Edwin F. Black, Eugene R. Blackie, William B. Bliss, C. I. Bliss, Robert Woods Bloomfield, Lincoln P. Blum, Robert Boeschenstein, Harold Bohlen, Charles E. Bonesteel, Maj. Gen. C. H. 3rd Boothby, Albert C. Borton, Hugh Bowie, Robert R. Bowles, Chester Braden, Thomas W. Bradfield, Richard Braisted, Paul J. Brett, George P., Jr. Brewster, Kingman, Jr. Briggs, Ellis O. Brinton, Crane Bristol, William M. Bronwell, Arthur Brophy, Gerald B. Brorby, Melvin Bross, John A. Brown, Irving Brown, Sevellon, 3rd Brown, William O. Bruce, David K. E. Brundage, Percival F. Bruton, Henry J. Bundy, Harvey H. Bundy, McGeorge Bundy, William P. Burgess, W. Randolph Byrne, James MacGregor Byrnes, Robert F. Byroade, Henry A.

Cabot, John M. Cabot, Louis W. Cabot, Thomas D. Caldwell, Robert G. Calkins, Hugh Camp, Jack L. Campbell, Kenneth H. Canfield, Franklin O. Caraway, Lt. Gen. Paul W. Carpenter, W. Samuel, 3rd Carter, William D. Cary, William L. Case, Clifford P. Case, Everett N. Chapin, Selden Chapman, John F. Cheever, Daniel S. Cherrington, Ben M. Childs, Marquis Cisler, Walker L. Clark, Ralph L. Clayton, W. L. Cleveland, Harlan Clough, Ernest T. Coffey, Joseph Irving Cohen, Benjamin V. Cole, Charles W. Collbohm, F. R. Collyer, John L. Conlon, Richard P. Conrad, Brig. Gen. Bryan Considine, Rev. John J., M. M. Coons, Arthur G. Copeland, Lammot du Pont Corson, John J. Costello, William A. Cotting, Charles E. Cowen, Myron M. Cowles, John Crane, Winthrop Murray, 3rd Creighton, Albert M. Cross, James E. Crotty, Homer D. Crowe, Philip K. Culbertson, Col. William S. Curran, Jean A., Jr. Curtis, Edward P.

Dangerfield, Royden Darlington, Charles F. David, Donald K. Davidson, Alfred E. Davidson, Carter Davies, Fred A. Davis, Nathanael V. Dean, Edgar P. Decker, William C. de Guigne, Christian, 3rd da Kiewiet, C. W. de Krafft, William Deming, Frederick L. Despres, Emile Deuel, Wallace R. Deutch, Michael J. Dewhurst, J. Frederic Dexter, Byron Dickey, John S. Dillon, C. Douglas Dodds, Harold Willis Dollard, Charles Donkin, McKay Donnell, James C., 2nd Donnelly, Maj. Gen. Harold C. Dorr, Russell H. Douglas, Donald W., Jr. Draper, William H., Jr. Drummond, Roscoe Ducas, Robert Duce, James Terry Duke, Angier Biddle Dulles, Allen W. Dunn, Frederick S.

Eckstein, Alexander Edelstein, Julius C. C. Edwards, A. R. Edwards, William H. Einaudi, Mario Einstein, Lewis Eisenhower, Dwight D. Elliott, Byron K. Elliott, Randle Elliott, William Y. Elsey, George M. Elson, Robert T. Emeny, Brooks Emerson, E. A. Emerson, Rupert Eppert, Ray R. Estabrook, Robert H. Ethridge, Mark Evans, J. K. Everton, John Scott

Fainsod, Merle Fairbank, John King Fairbanks, Douglas Farmer, Thomas L. Fay, Sidney B. Feely, Edward F. Feis, Herbert Ferguson, John H. Finkelstein, Lawrence S. Finlay, Luke W. Finletter, Thomas K. Firestone, Harvey S., Jr. Fischer, George Fisher, Edgar J. Fleischmann, Julius Fleming, Lamar, Jr. Follis, R. G. Ford, Guy Stanton Ford, Thomas K. Foster, Austin T. Foster, William C. Fowler, Henry H. Foy, Fred C. Frank, Isaiah Frank, Joseph A. Frankfurter, Felix Fredericks, J. Wayne Free, Lloyd A. Fuller, Carlton P. Furber, Holden Furniss, Edgar S., Jr.

Galbraith, J. Kenneth Gallagher, Charles F. Gannett, Lewis S. Gardiner, Arthur Z. Gardner, Richard N. Garner, Robert L. Garthoff, Raymond L. Gaud, William S. Gavin, Lt. Gen. James M. Gaylord, Bradley Geier, Frederick V. Geier, Paul E. Gerhart, Lt. Gen. John K. Giffin, Brig. Gen. Sidney F. Gilbert, Carl J. Gilbert, H. N. Gilchrist, Huntington Gillin, John P. Gilpatric, Roswell L. Gleason, S. Everett Glennan, T. Keith Goheen, Robert F. Goldberg, Arthur J. Goodhart, Arthur L. Goodpaster, Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Goodrich, Carter Gordon, Lincoln Gornick, Alan L. Gorter, Wytze Gould, Laurence M. Graham, Philip L. Grant, James P. Grant, Maj. Gen. U. S., 3rd Gray, Gordon Green, Joseph C. Greene, A. Crawford Greene, James C. Greenewalt, Crawford H. Greenwood, Heman Griffith, William E. Griswold, A. Whitney Grove, Curtiss C. Gruenther, Gen. Alfred M. Gullion, Edmund A.

Halle, Louis J., Jr. Hamilton, Fowler Hamilton, Maj. Gen. Pierpont M. Hammonds, Oliver W. Hansell, Gen. Haywood S., Jr. Harbison, Frederick Harriman, W. Averell Harris, Irving B. Harsch, Joseph. C. Hart, Augustin S. Hartley, Robert W. Haskell, Broderick Haskins, Caryl P. Hauck, Arthur A. Haviland, H. Field, Jr. Hayes, Samuel P. Hays, Brooks Hays, John T. Heffelfinger, Totton P., 2nd Heilperin, Michael A. Heintzen, Harry L. Heinz, H. J., 2nd Henderson, Loy W. Henkin, Louis Henry, David Dodds Herter, Christian A. Hill, George Watts Hitch, Charles J. Hofer, Philip Hoffman, Michael L. Hoffman, Paul G. Holborn, Hajo Holland, William L. Holmes, Julius C. Homer, Arthur B. Hook, George V. Hoover, Calvin B. Hoover, Herbert Hoover, Herbert, Jr. Hopkins, D. Luke Hopper, Bruce C. Hornbeck, Stanley K. Hoskins, Halford L. Hoskins, Harold B. Houghton, Amory Hovde, Frederick L. Hovey, Allan, Jr. Howard, Graeme K. Howe, Walter Hoyt, Edwin C., Jr. Hoyt, Palmer Huglin, Brig. Gen. H. C. Humphrey, Hubert H. Hunsberger, Warren S. Hunt, James Ramsay, Jr. Hunter, Clarence E.

Issawi, Charles P. Iverson, Kenneth R.

Jackson, Elmore Jackson, William H. Jaffe, Sam A. Jansen, Marius B. Javits, Jacob K. Jenney, John K. Jessup, Philip C. Johnson, Herschel V. Johnson, Lester B. Johnson, Robert L. Johnston, Henry R. Johnstone, W. H. Jones, Peter T. Jordan, Col, Amos A. Jorden, William J.

Kahin, George McT. Kaiser, Philip M. Kamarck, Andrew M. Katz, Milton Katzenbach, Edward L., Jr. Kauffman, James Lee Kaufmann, William W. Kelso, A. Donald Kempner, Frederick C. Kennan, George F. Kerr, Clark Killian, James R., Jr. Kimberly, John H. King, James E., Jr. King, John A., Jr. Kinkaid, Adm. Thomas C. Kintner, Col. William R. Kissinger, Henry A. Knight, Douglas Knorr, Klaus Kohler, Foy D. Kohler, Walter J. Korbel, Josef Korol, Alexander G. Kotschnig, Walter

Labouisse, Henry R. Ladejinsky, Wolf Lamson, Roy, Jr. Landis, James M. Langer, Paul F. Langer, William L. Langsam, Walter Consuelo Lanham, Maj. Gen. Charles T. Lansdale, Gen. Edward G. Larson, Jens Frederick Lasswell, Harold D. Latourette, Kenneth S. Lattimore, Owen Lawrence, David Lawrence, W. H. Laybourne, Lawrence E. Laylin, John G. Leddy, John M. Lee, Charles Henry Leghorn, Richard S. Lemnitzer, Gen. L. L. Leslie, Donald S. Lesueur, Larry Levine, Irving R. Levy, Marion J., Jr. Lewis, Herbert Lewis, Wilmarth S. Lichtenstein, Walter Lincoln, Col. G. A. Linder, Harold F. Lindley, Ernest K. Lindsay, Franklin A. Lindsay, John V. Lindsay, Lt. Gen. Richard C. Linebarger, Paul M. A. Lingelbach, William E. Lingle, Walter L., Jr. Lippmann, Walter Litchfield, Edward H. Little, Herbert S. Little, L. K. Lockard, Derwood W. Locke, Edwin A., Jr. Lockwood, William W. Lodge, George Cabot Loomis, Robert H. Lunt, Samuel D. Lyon, E. Wilson

McCabe, Thomas B. McClintock, Robert M. McCone, John Alex McCormack, Maj. Gen. J., Jr. McCracken, Paul W. McCutcheon, John D. McDougal, Edward D., Jr. McDougal, Myres S. McFarland, Ross A. McGee, Gale W. McGhee, George C. McKay, Vernon McKittrick, Thomas H. McLaughlin, Donald H. McArthur, Douglas, 2nd MacChesney, A. Brunson, 3rd MacDonald, J. Carlisle MacVeagh, Lincoln Machold, William F. Maddox, William P. Maddux, Maj. Gen. H. R. Mallinson, Harry Mallory, George W. Manning, Bayless Marcus, Stanley Marshall, Charles B. Martin, Edwin M. Martin, William McC., Jr. Masland, John W. Mason, Edward S. Mathews, William R. Maximov, Andre May, Oliver Mayer, Ferdinand L. Mayer, Gerald M. Meagher, Robert F. Meck, John F. Menke, John R. Merchant, Livingston T. Merillat, H. C. L. Merriwether, Duncan Metcalf, George R. Meyer, Charles A. Meyer, Clarence E. Meyer, Cord, Jr. Milbank, Robbins Miller, Francis P. Miller, William B. Millikan, Clark B. Millikan, Max F. Millis, John S. Minor, Harold B. Mitchell, James P. Moore, Hugh Moran, William E., Jr. Morgan, George A. Morgan, Shepard Morgenstern, Oskar Morgenthau, Hans J. Mott, John L. Mudd, Henry T. Munoz Marin, Luis Munro, Dana G. Munson, Henry Lee Murphy, Donald R. Murphy, Franklin D. Murphy, Robert Murrow, Edward R. Myers, Denys P.

Nathan, Robert R. Nelson, Fred M. Neumann, Sigmund Newman, Richard T. Newton, Quigg, Jr. Nichols, Calvin J. Niebuhr, Reinhold Nitze, Paul H. Nixon, Richard M. Nover, Barnet Noyes, W. Albert, Jr. Nuveen, John

Oakes, George W. Oelman, R. S. Oppenheimer, J. Robert Orchard, John E. Osborne, Lithgow Owen, Garry

Paffrath, Leslie Palmer, Norman D. Pantzer, Kurt F. Park, Richard L. Parker, Barrett Parsons, John C. Patterson, Gardner Paul, Norman S. Pelzer, Karl J. Penfield, James K. Perera, Guido R. Perkins, Courtland D. Perkins, Milo Petersen, Howard C. Phillips, William Phleger, Herman Piquet, Howard S. Poque, L. Welch Polk, William R. Pool, Ithiel deSola Power, Thomas F., Jr. Prance, P. F. A. Preston, Jerome Price, Don K. Pritchard, Ross J. Prizer, John B. Prochnow, Herbert V. Pulling, Edward S. Pusey, Nathan M. Pye, Lucien W.

Radway, Laurence I. Ravenholt, Albert Reinhardt, G. Frederick Reischauer, Edwin O. Reitzel, William Rennie, Wesley F. Reston, James B. Rich, John H., Jr. Richardson, David B. Ridgway, Gen. Matthew B. Riefler, Winfield W. Ries, Hans A. Riley, Edward C. Ripley, S. Dillon, 2nd. Rivkin, Arnold Robinson, Donald H. Rockefeller, Nelson A. Rogers, James Grafton Romualdi, Serafino Roosa, Robert V. Roosevelt, Kermit Roosevelt, Nicholas Rosengarten, Adolph G., Jr. Ross, Michael Rostow, Eugene V. Rostow, Walt W. Rusk, Dean Russell, Donald S. Ryan, John T., Jr.

Salomon, Irving Satterthwaite, Joseph C. Sawyer, John E. Schaetzel, J. Robert Schelling, T. C. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. Schmidt, Adolph W. Schneider, Hubert A. Schorr, Daniel L. Schuyler, Gen. C. V. R. Schwab, William B. Schwebel, Stephen M. Scott, William Ryland Seymour, Charles Seymour, Forrest W. Sharp, Walter R. Sharpe, Henry D., Jr. Shaw, G. Howland Shearer, Warren W. Sheean, Vincent Shishkin, Boris Shulman, Marshall D. Shuster, George Simons, Hans Simpson, John L. Slocum, John J. Smith, Everett R. Smith, Gerard G. Smith, H. Alexander Smith, Adm. Harold Page Smith, Robert W. Smithies, Arthur Smyth, Henry DeW. Snyder, Richard C. Sontag, Raymond James Soth, Lauren K. Southard, Frank A., Jr. Spaatz, Gen. Carl Speers, Rev. Theodore C. Spencer, John H. Spiegel, Harold R. Sprague, Mansfield D. Sprague, Robert C. Sproul, Robert G. Sprout, Harold Staley, Eugene Stanton, Edwin F. Stason, E. Blythe Stasson, Harold E. Stein, Eric Stein, Harold Stephens, Claude O. Sterling, J. E. Wallace Stevenson, William E. Stewart, Col. George Stewart, Robert Burgess Stilwell, Col. Richard G. Stone, Donald C. Stowe, Leland Straton, Julius A. Straus, Robert Kenneth Strauss, Lewis L. Strausz-Hupe, Robert Strayer, Joseph R. Struble, Adm. A. D. Sulzberger, C. L. Sunderland, Thomas E. Surrey, Walter Sterling Sweetser, Arthur Swensrud, Sidney A. Swihart, James W. Symington, W. Stuart

Talbot, Phillips Tanham, George K. Tapp, Jesse W. Taylor, George E. Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, Wayne Chatfield Teller, Edward Templeton, Richard H. Tennyson, Leonard B. Thayer, Charles W. Thayer, Robert H. Thornburg, Max W. Thorp, Willard L. Trager, Frank N. Triffin, Robert Trowbridge, Alexander B. Truscott, Gen. Lucian K., Jr. Tuck, William Hallam

Ulmer, Alfred C., Jr. Upgren, Arthur R.

Valentine, Alan Van Cleve, Thomas C. Van Slyck, DeForest Van Stirum, John Vernon, Raymond Viner, Jacob

Wadsworth, James J. Wait, Richard Wallich, Henry C. Walmsley, Walter N. Wanger, Walter Ward, Rear Adm. Chester Warren, Shields Washburn, Abbott Watkins, Ralph J. Weeks, Edward Wells, Herman B. Westmoreland, Maj. Gen. W. C. Westphal, Albert C. F. Wheeler, Oliver P. Whitaker, Arthur P. White, Gilbert F. White, John Campbell Whiteford, William K. Wiesner, Jerome B. Wilbur, Brayton Wilbur, C. Martin Wilcox, Francis O. Wilcox, Robert B. Wild, Payson S., Jr. Wilde, Frazar B. Wilds, Walter W. Williams, John H. Wilmerding, Lucius, Jr. Wilson, Carroll L. Wilson, Howard E. Wilson, O. Meredith Wimpfheimer, Jacques Winton, David J. Wisner, Frank G. Wohl, Elmer P. Wohlstetter, Albert Wolfers, Arnold Wood, Harleston R. Wriggins, W. Howard Wright, Adm. Jerauld Wright, Quincy Wright, Theodore P. Wyzanski, Charles E., Jr.

Yntema, Theodore O. Young, Kenneth T. Young, T. Cuyler

Zellerbach, J. D.