The History of England, From the Accession of Henry Iii. to the Death of Edward Iii. (1216-1377)

CHAPTER I.. The Regency of William Marshal.

THE REGENCY OF WILLIAM MARSHAL.

19 Oct., 1216. Death of King John Position of parties The Church on the king's side 28 Oct. Coronation of Henry III 11 Nov. Great council at Bristol 12 Nov. The first charter of Henry III 1216-17. Progress of the war 1217. Rising of Wilkin of the Weald Louis' visit to France 22 April. Return of Louis from France Sieges of Dover, Farnham, and Mount Sorrel 20 May. The fair of Lincoln 23 Aug. The sea-fight off Sandwich 11 Sept. Treaty of Lambeth 6 Nov. Reissue of the great charter Restoration of order by William Marshal 14 May, 1219. Death of William Marshal His character and career

CHAPTER II.. The Rule of Hubert De Burgh.

THE RULE OF HUBERT DE BURGH.

1219. Pandulf the real successor of William Marshal July, 1221. Langton procures Pandulf's recall Ascendency of Hubert de Burgh Jan.-Feb., 1221. The rebellion of Albemarle July, 1222. The sedition of Constantine FitzAthulf 1221-24. Marriage alliances 1219-23. War in Wales April, 1223. Henry III. declared by the pope competent to govern June, 1224. Revolt of Falkes de Breaute 20 June-14 Aug. Siege of Bedford Fall of Falkes Papal and royal taxation April, 1227. End of the minority Relations with France during the minority The Lusignans and the Poitevin barons 1224. Louis VIII.'s conquest of Poitou 1225. Expedition of Richard of Cornwall and William Longsword to Gascony Nov., 1226. Accession of Louis IX. in France 1229-30. Henry III.'s campaign in Brittany and Poitou 21-30 July, 1230. Siege of Mirambeau 1228. The Kerry campaign 2 May, 1230. Death of William of Braose 1231. Henry III.'s second Welsh campaign Aug. Death of Archbishop Richard le Grand Gregory IX. and Henry III. 1232. Riots of Robert Twenge 29 July. Fall of Hubert de Burgh 1231. Death of William Marshal the Younger 1232. Death of Randolph of Blundeville, Earl of Chester

CHAPTER III.. The Alien Invasion.

THE ALIEN INVASION.

1232-34. Rule of Peter des Roches Aug., 1233. Revolt of Richard Marshal 23 Nov. Fight near Monmouth 1234. Richard Marshal in Ireland 1 April. Defeat and death of the Earl Marshal near Kildare 2 April. Edmund Rich consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury 9 April. Fall of Peter des Roches Beginning of Henry III.'s personal government Character of Henry III. The alien invasions 14 Jan., 1236. Henry's marriage to Eleanor of Provence The Savoyards in England Revival of Poitevin influence 1239. Simon of Montfort Earl of Leicester 1237. The legation of Cardinal Otto 1239. Quarrel of Gregory IX. and Frederick II. 1235. Robert Grosseteste, Bishop of Lincoln 16 Nov., 1240. Death of Edmund Rich in exile Henry III. and Frederick II. Attempted reconquest of Poitou May-Sept., 1242. The campaign of Taillebourg 1243. Truce with France The Lusignans in England The baronial opposition Grosseteste's opposition to Henry III., and Innocent IV. 1243. Relations with Scotland and Wales 1240. Death of Llewelyn ap Iorwerth 1246. Death of David ap Llewelyn

CHAPTER IV.. Political Retrogression and National Progress.

POLITICAL RETROGRESSION and NATIONAL PROGRESS.

1248-58. Characteristics of the history of these ten years Decay of Henry's power in Gascony 1248-52. Simon de Montfort, seneschal of Gascony Aug., 1253. Henry III. in Gascony 1254. Marriage and establishment of Edward the king's son Edward's position in Gascony Edward's position in Cheshire 1254. Llewelyn ap Griffith sole Prince of North Wales Edward in the four cantreds and in West Wales 1257. Welsh campaign of Henry and Edward Revival of the baronial opposition 1255. Candidature of Edmund, the king's son, for Sicily 1257. Richard of Cornwall elected and crowned King of the Romans Leicester as leader of the opposition Progress in the age of Henry III The cosmopolitan and the national ideals French influence The coming of the friars 1221. Gilbert of Freynet and the first Dominicans in England 1224. Arrival of Agnellus of Pisa and the first Franciscans in England Other mendicant orders in England The influence of the friars The universities Prominent English schoolmen Paris and Oxford The mendicants at Oxford Roger Bacon and Duns Scotus Academic influence in public life Beginnings of colleges Intellectual characteristics of thirteenth century Literature in Latin and French Literature in English Art Gothic architecture The towns and trade

CHAPTER V.. The Barons' War.

THE BARONS' WAR.

2 April, 1258. Parliament at London 11 June. The Mad Parliament The Provisions of Oxford 22 June. Flight of the Lusignans Appointment of the Fifteen Working of the new Constitution 4 Dec., 1259. Treaty of Paris Its unpopularity in England and France 1259. Dissensions among the baronial leaders 1259. Provisions of Westminster 1261. Henry III.'s repudiation of the Provisions 1263. Reconstitution of parties The changed policy of the marchers Outbreak of civil war The appeal to Louis IX 23 Jan., 1264. Mise of Amiens Renewal of the struggle 4 April. Sack of Northampton The campaign in Kent and Sussex 14 May. Battle of Lewes Personal triumph of Montfort

CHAPTER VI.. The Rule of Montfort and the Royalist Restoration.

THE RULE OF MONTFORT AND THE ROYALIST RESTORATION.

15 May. Mise of Lewes 15 Dec. Provisions of Worcester Jan.-Mar., 1265. The Parliament of 1265 Split up of the baronial party Quarrel of Leicester and Gloucester 28 May. Edward's escape 22 June. Treaty of Pipton Small results of the alliance of Llewelyn and the barons The campaign in the Severn valley 4 Aug. Battle of Evesham The royalist restoration 1266. The revolt of the Disinherited 15 May. Battle of Chesterfield 31 Oct. The Dictum de Kenilworth Michaelmas. The Ely rebellion April, 1267. Gloucester's support of the Disinherited July. End of the rebellion 25 Sept. Treaty of Shrewsbury 1267. Statute of Marlborough 1270-72. Edward's Crusade 16 Nov., 1272. Death of Henry III

CHAPTER VII.. The Early Foreign Policy and Legislation of Edward I.

THE EARLY FOREIGN POLICY AND LEGISLATION OF EDWARD I.

Character of Edward I. 1272-74. Rule of the regency Edward's doings in Italy and France Edward's relations with Philip III. 1273-74. Wars of Bearn and Limoges Edward I. and Gregory X. May-July, 1274. Council of Lyons Relations of Edward I. and Rudolf of Hapsburg 23 May, 1279. Treaty of Amiens 1281. League of Macon 1282. Sicilian vespers 1285. Deaths of Philip III., Charles of Anjou, Peter of Aragon, and Martin IV. Bishop Burnell 1275. Statute of Westminster, the first 1278. Statute of Gloucester Hundred Rolls and placita de quo warranto Archbishops Kilwardby and Peckham 1279. Statute of Mortmain 1285. Circumspecte agatis 1285. Statute of Westminster, the second (De Donis) 1285. Statute of Winchester

CHAPTER VIII.. The Conquest of North Wales.

THE CONQUEST OF NORTH WALES.

Execution of the Treaty of Shrewsbury Llewelyn's refusal of homage 1277. Edward's first Welsh campaign 1277. Treaty of Aberconway Edward's attempts to introduce English law into the ceded districts 1282. The Welsh revolt 1282. Edward's second Welsh campaign Llewelyn's escape to the Upper Wye 11 Dec. Battle of Orewyn Bridge 1283. Parliaments and financial expedients Subjection of Gwynedd completed 3 Oct. Parliament of Shrewsbury and execution of David The Edwardian castles Mid-Lent, 1284. Statute of Wales Effect of the conquest upon the march Peckham and the ecclesiastical settlement of Wales 1287. Revolt of Rhys ap Meredith

CHAPTER IX.. The Sicilian and the Scottish Arbitrations.

THE SICILIAN AND THE SCOTTISH ARBITRATIONS.

Edward I. at the height of his fame April, 1286-Aug 1289, Edward's long visit to France 1289. The Sicilian arbitration 1287. Treaty of Oloron 1288. Treaty of Canfranc 1291. Treaty of Tarascon Maladministration during Edward's absence Judicial and official scandals 1289. Special commission for the trial of offenders 1290. Statute of Westminster, the third (Quia emptores) The feud between Gloucester and Hereford 1291. The courts at Ystradvellte and Abergavenny Humiliation of the marcher earls 1290. Expulsion of the Jews The rise of the Italian bankers 1272-86. Early relations of Edward to Scotland 1286. Death of Alexander III. of Scotland 1286-89. Regency in the name of the Maid of Norway 1289. Treaty of Salisbury 1290. Treaty of Brigham Death of the Maid of Norway The claimants to the Scottish throne May, 1291. Parliament of Norham. Edward recognised as overlord of Scotland 1291-92. The great suit for Scotland 17 Nov., 1292. John Balliol declared King of Scots Edward's conduct in relation to Scotland 1290. Death of Eleanor of Castile Transition to the later years of the reign Edward's later ministers

CHAPTER X.. The French and Scottish Wars and the Confirmation of

THE FRENCH AND SCOTTISH WARS AND THE CONFIRMATION OF THE CHARTERS.

Commercial rivalry of English and French seamen 15 May, 1293. Battle off Saint-Mahe 1294. Edmund of Lancaster's failure to procure a settlement with Philip IV. The French occupation of Gascony June, 1294. War with France Preparations for a French campaign 1294. Revolts of Madog, Maelgwn, and Morgan Edward's danger at Aberconway 22 Jan., 1293. Battle of Maes Madog July. Welsh revolts suppressed 1295. Failure of the Gascon campaign Failure of attempted coalition against France Organisation of the English navy Treason of Sir Thomas Turberville The naval attack on England Rupture between Edward and the Scots 5 July. Alliance between the French and Scots Nov. The "Model Parliament" 1296. Gascon expedition and death of Edmund of Lancaster Edward's invasion of Scotland 27 April. Battle of Dunbar 10 July. Submission of John Balliol Conquest and administration of Scotland The Ragman Roll Sept., 1294. Consecration of Archbishop Winchelsea 29 Feb., 1296. Boniface VIII. issues Clericis laicos. Conflict of Edward and Winchelsea 24 Feb., 1297. Parliament at Salisbury Conflict of Edward with the earls July. Break up of the clerical opposition Increasing moderation of baronial opposition 24 Aug. Edward's departure for Flanders May. Revolt of the Scots under William Wallace. 11 Sept. Battle of Stirling Bridge. 12 Oct. Confirmation of the charters with new clauses.

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