Part 58

<blockquote>The <b>abstinence</b> from a present pleasure that offers itself is a pain, nay, oftentimes, a very great one. <i>Locke.</i></blockquote>

<p><b>2.</b> <def>The practice of self-denial by depriving one's self of certain kinds of food or drink, especially of meat.</def>

<blockquote>Penance, fasts, and <b>abstinence</b>, To punish bodies for the soul's offense. <i>Dryden.</i></blockquote>

<h1>Abstinency</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab"sti*nen*cy</hw> <tt>(#)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <def>Abstinence.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>

<h1>Abstinent</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab"sti*nent</hw> <tt>(#)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[F. <ets>abstinent</ets>, L. <ets>abstinens</ets>, p. pr. of <ets>abstinere</ets>. See <er>Abstain</er>.]</ety> <def>Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite; abstemious; continent; temperate.</def>

<i>Beau. & Fl.</i>

<h1>Abstinent</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab"sti*nent</hw>, <tt>n.</tt> <p><b>1.</b> <def>One who abstains.</def>

<p><b>2.</b> <fld>(Eccl. Hist.)</fld> <def>One of a sect who appeared in France and Spain in the 3d century.</def>

<h1>Abstinently</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab"sti*nent*ly</hw>, <tt>adv.</tt> <def>With abstinence.</def>

<h1>Abstorted</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab*stort"ed</hw> <tt>(#)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[As if fr. <ets>abstort</ets>, fr. L. <ets>ab</ets>, <ets>abs + tortus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>torquere</ets> to twist.]</ety> <def>Wrested away.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>

<i>Bailey.</i>

<h1>Abstract</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab"stract`</hw> <tt>(#; 277)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[L. <ets>abstractus</ets>, p. p. of <ets>abstrahere</ets> to draw from, separate; <ets>ab</ets>, <ets>abs + trahere</ets> to draw. See <er>Trace</er>.]</ety> <p><b>1.</b> <def>Withdraw; separate.</def> <mark>[Obs.]</mark>

<blockquote>The more <b>abstract</b> . . . we are from the body. <i>Norris.</i></blockquote>

<p><b>2.</b> <def>Considered apart from any application to a particular object; separated from matter; exiting in the mind only; <as>as, <ex>abstract</ex> truth, <ex>abstract</ex> numbers</as>. Hence: ideal; abstruse; difficult.</def>

<p><b>3.</b> <fld>(Logic)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>Expressing a particular property of an object viewed apart from the other properties which constitute it; -- opposed to <ant>concrete</ant>; <as>as, honesty is an <ex>abstract</ex> word</as>.</def> <i>J. S. Mill</i>. <sd>(b)</sd> <def>Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction; general as opposed to particular; <as>as, "reptile" is an <ex>abstract</ex> or general name</as>.</def>

<i>Locke.</i>

<blockquote>A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an <b>abstract</b> name which stands for an attribute of a thing. A practice has grown up in more modern times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has gained currency from his example, of applying the expression "<b>abstract</b> name" to all names which are the result of abstraction and generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead of confining it to the names of attributes. <i>J. S. Mill.</i></blockquote>

<p><b>4.</b> <def>Abstracted; absent in mind.</def> "<i>Abstract</i>, as in a trance."

<i>Milton.</i>

<cs><col>An abstract idea</col> <fld>(Metaph.)</fld>, <cd>an idea separated from a complex object, or from other ideas which naturally accompany it; as the solidity of marble when contemplated apart from its color or figure.</cd> -- <col>Abstract terms</col>, <cd>those which express abstract ideas, as beauty, whiteness, roundness, without regarding any object in which they exist; or <i>abstract terms<i> are the names of orders, genera or species of things, in which there is a combination of similar qualities.</cd> -- <col>Abstract numbers</col> <fld>(Math.)</fld>, <cd>numbers used without application to things, as 6, 8, 10; but when applied to any thing, as 6 feet, 10 men, they become concrete.</cd> -- <mcol><col>Abstract</col> &or; <col>Pure mathematics</col></mcol>. <cd>See <er>Mathematics</er>.</cd></cs>

<h1>Abstract</h1> <Xpage=7>

<hw>Ab*stract"</hw> <tt>(#)</tt>, <tt>v. t.</tt> <wordforms>[<tt>imp. & p. p.</tt> <er>Abstracted</er>; <tt>p. pr. & vb. n.</tt> <er>Abstracting</er>.]</wordforms> <ety>[See <er>Abstract</er>, <tt>a.</tt>]</ety>