Part 5362

<blockquote>In similar polygons, the corresponding sides, angles, diagonals, etc., are <b>homologous</b>. <i>Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ).</i></blockquote>

<sd>(b)</sd> <fld>(Alg.)</fld> <def>Having the same relative proportion or value, as the two antecedents or the two consequents of a proportion</def>. <sd>(c)</sd> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>Characterized by homology; belonging to the same type or series; corresponding in composition and properties</def>. See <er>Homology</er>, <p><b>3</b>. <sd>(d)</sd> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Being of the same typical structure; having like relations to a fundamental type to structure; as, those bones in the hand of man and the fore foot of a horse are <i>homologous</i> that correspond in their structural relations, that is, in thier relations to the type structure of the fore limb in vertebrates</def>.

<cs><col>Homologous stimulus</col>. <fld>(Physiol.)</fld> <cd>See under <er>Stimulus</er>.</cd></cs>

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<h1>Homolographic</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Hom`o*lo*graph"ic</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[<ets>Homo-</ets> + Gr. <?/ whole + -<ets>graph</ets> + -<ets>ic</ets>; but cf. F. <ets>homalographique</ets>, Gr. <?/ even, level.]</ety> <def>Preserving the mutual relations of parts, especially as to size and form; maintaining relative proportion.</def>

<cs><col>Homolographic projection</col>, <cd>a method of constructing geographical charts or maps, so that the surfaces, as delineated on a plane, have the same relative size as the real surfaces; that is, so that the relative actual areas of the different countries are accurately represented by the corresponding portions of the map.</cd></cs>

<h1>Homologue</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Hom"o*logue</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[Cf. F. <ets>homologue</ets>. See <er>Homologous</er>.]</ety> <def>That which is homologous to something else; <as>as, the corresponding sides, etc., of similar polygons are the <ex>homologues</ex> of each other; the members or terms of an homologous series in chemistry are the <ex>homologues</ex> of each other; one of the bones in the hand of man is the <ex>homologue</ex> of that in the paddle of a whale.</as></def>

<h1>Homology</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Ho*mol"o*gy</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[Gr. <?/ agreement. See <er>Homologous</er>.]</ety> <p><b>1.</b> <def>The quality of being homologous; correspondence; relation; <as>as, the <ex>homology</ex>of similar polygons</as>.</def>

<p><b>2.</b> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Correspondence or relation in type of structure in contradistinction to similarity of function; as, the relation in structure between the leg and arm of a man; or that between the arm of a man, the fore leg of a horse, the wing of a bird, and the fin of a fish, all these organs being modifications of one type of structure.</def>

<note>&hand; <i>Homology</i> indicates genetic relationship, and according to Haeckel special homology should be defined in terms of identity of embryonic origin. See <er>Homotypy</er>, and <er>Homogeny</er>.</note>

<p><b>3.</b> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>The correspondence or resemblance of substances belonging to the same type or series; a similarity of composition varying by a small, regular difference, and usually attended by a regular variation in physical properties; <as>as, there is an <ex>homology</ex> between methane, <chform>CH4</chform>, ethane, <chform>C2H6</chform>, propane, <chform>C3H8</chform>, etc.</as>, all members of the paraffin series. In an extended sense, the term is applied to the relation between chemical elements of the same group; <as>as, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are said to be in <ex>homology</ex> with each other</as>. Cf. <er>Heterology</er>.</def>

<cs><col>General homology</col> <fld>(Biol.)</fld>, <cd>the higher relation which a series of parts, or a single part, bears to the fundamental or general type on which the group is constituted.</cd> <i>Owen</i>. -- <col>Serial homology</col> <fld>(Biol.)</fld>, <cd>representative or repetitive relation in the segments of the same organism, -- as in the lobster, where the parts follow each other in a straight line or series.</cd> <i>Owen</i>. See <er>Homotypy</er>. -- <col>Special homology</col> <fld>(Biol.)</fld>, <cd>the correspondence of a part or organ with those of a different animal, as determined by relative position and connection.</cd> <i>Owen</i>.</cs>

<h1>Homomallous</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Ho*mom"al*lous</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[<ets>Homo-</ets> + Gr. <?/ a lock of wool.]</ety> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>Uniformly bending or curving to one side; -- said of leaves which grow on several sides of a stem.</def>

<h1>Homomorphic, Homomorphous</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw><hw>Ho`mo*mor"phic</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <hw>Ho`mo*mor"phous</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>,<hw> <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[Gr. <?/ the same + <?/ shape.]</ety> <def>Characterized by homomorphism.</def>

<h1>Homomorphism</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Ho`mo*mor"phism</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[See <er>Homomorphous</er>.]</ety> <p><b>1.</b> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Same as <er>Homomorphy</er>.</def>

<p><b>2.</b> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The possession, in one species of plants, of only one kind of flowers; -- opposed to <i>heteromorphism</i>, <i>dimorphism</i>, and <i>trimorphism</i>.</def>

<p><b>3.</b> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <def>The possession of but one kind of larv\'91 or young, as in most insects.</def>

<-- 4. (Math) A special type of mapping of one mathematical set into or onto another set . . . -->

<h1>Homomorphy</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Ho"mo*mor`phy</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[<ets>Homo-</ets> + Gr. <?/ form.]</ety> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Similarity of form; resemblance in external characters, while widely different in fundamental structure; resemblance in geometric ground form. See <er>Homophyly</er>, <er>Promorphology</er>.</def>

<h1>Homonomous</h1> <Xpage=702>

<hw>Ho*mon"o*mous</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <fld>(Biol.)</fld> <def>Of or pertaining to homonomy.</def>