Part 4682

<note>&hand; The <i>galls</i>, or <i>gallnuts</i>, of commerce are produced by insects of the genus <spn>Cynips</spn>, chiefly on an oak (<spn>Quercus infectoria</spn> or <spn>Lusitanica</spn>) of Western Asia and Southern Europe. They contain much tannin, and are used in the manufacture of that article and for making ink and a black dye, as well as in medicine.</note>

<cs><col>Gall insect</col> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld>, <cd>any insect that produces galls.</cd> -- <col>Gall midge</col> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld>, <cd>any small dipterous insect that produces galls.</cd> -- <col>Gall oak</col>, <cd>the oak (<spn>Quercus infectoria</spn>) which yields the galls of commerce.</cd> -- <col>Gall of glass</col>, <cd>the neutral salt skimmed off from the surface of melted crown glass;- called also <altname>glass gall</altname> and <altname>sandiver</altname>.</cd> <i>Ure.</i>-- <col>Gall wasp</col>. <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <cd>See <er>Gallfly</er>.</cd></cs>

<h1>Gall</h1> <Xpage=608>

<hw>Gall</hw>, <tt>v. t.</tt> <fld>(Dyeing)</fld> <def>To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts.</def>

<i>Ure.</i>

<h1>Gall</h1> <Xpage=608>

<hw>Gall</hw>, <tt>v. t.</tt> <wordforms>[<tt>imp. & p. p.</tt> <er>Galled</er> <tt>(?)</tt>; <tt>p. pr. & vb. n.</tt> <er>Galling</er>.]</wordforms> <ety>[OE. <ets>gallen</ets>; cf. F. <ets>galer</ets> to scratch, rub, <ets>gale</ets> scurf, scab, G. <ets>galle</ets> a disease in horses' feet, an excrescence under the tongue of horses; of uncertain origin. Cf. <er>Gall</er> gallnut.]</ety> <p><b>1.</b> <def>To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by attrition; <as>as, a saddle <ex>galls</ex> the back of a horse; to <ex>gall</ex> a mast or a cable.</as></def>

<blockquote>I am loth to <b>gall</b> a new-healed wound. <i>Shak.</i></blockquote>

<p><b>2.</b> <def>To fret; to vex; <as>as, to be <ex>galled</ex> by sarcasm</as>.</def>

<blockquote>They that are most <b>galled</b> with my folly, They most must laugh. <i>Shak.</i></blockquote>

<p><b>3.</b> <def>To injure; to harass; to annoy; <as>as, the troops were <ex>galled</ex> by the shot of the enemy</as>.</def>

<blockquote>In our wars against the French of old, we used to <b>gall</b> them with our longbows, at a greater distance than they could shoot their arrows. <i>Addison.</i></blockquote>

<h1>Gall</h1> <Xpage=608>

<hw>Gall</hw>, <tt>v. i.</tt> <def>To scoff; to jeer.</def> <mark>[R.]</mark>

<i>Shak.</i>

<h1>Gall</h1> <Xpage=608>

<hw>Gall</hw>, <tt>n.</tt> <def>A wound in the skin made by rubbing.</def>

<h1>Gallant</h1> <Xpage=608>

<hw>Gal"lant</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[F. <ets>gallant</ets>, prop. <ets>p. pr.</ets> of OF. <ets>galer</ets> to rejoice, akin to OF. <ets>gale</ets> amusement, It. <ets>gala</ets> ornament; of German origin; cf. OHG. <ets>geil</ets> merry, luxuriant, wanton, G. <ets>geil</ets> lascivious, akin to AS. <ets>g<?/l</ets> wanton, wicked, OS. <ets>g<?/l</ets> merry, Goth. <ets>gailjan</ets> to make to rejoice, or perh. akin to E. <ets>weal</ets>. See <er>Gala</er>, <er>Galloon</er>.]</ety>

<p><b>1.</b> <def>Showy; splendid; magnificent; gay; well-dressed.</def>

<blockquote>The town is built in a very <b>gallant</b> place. <i>Evelyn.</i></blockquote>

<blockquote>Our royal, good and <b>gallant</b> ship. <i>Shak.</i></blockquote>

<p><b>2.</b> <def>Noble in bearing or spirit; brave; high-spirited; courageous; heroic; magnanimous; <as>as, a <ex>gallant</ex> youth; a <ex>gallant</ex> officer.</as></def>

<blockquote>That <b>gallant</b> spirit hath aspired the clouds. <i>Shak.</i></blockquote>

<blockquote>The gay, the wise, the <b>gallant</b>, and the grave. <i>Waller.</i></blockquote>

<syn>Syn. -- <er>Gallant</er>, <er>Courageous</er>, <er>Brave</er>.</syn> <usage> <i>Courageous</i> is generic, denoting an inward spirit which rises above fear; <i>brave</i> is more outward, marking a spirit which braves or defies danger; <i>gallant</i> rises still higher, denoting bravery on extraordinary occasions in a spirit of adventure. A <i>courageous</i> man is ready for battle; a <i>brave</i> man courts it; a <i>gallant</i> man dashes into the midst of the conflict.</usage>

<h1>Gallant</h1> <Xpage=608>

<hw>Gal*lant"</hw> <tt>(?; 277)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <def>Polite and attentive to ladies; courteous to women; chivalrous.</def>