Part 2125

<hw>Co*lum"bi*um</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[NL., fr. <ets>Columbia</ets> America.]</ety> <fld>(Chem.)</fld> <def>A rare element of the vanadium group, first found in a variety of the mineral columbite occurring in Connecticut, probably at Haddam. Atomic weight 94.2. Symbol Cb or Nb. Now more commonly called <i>niobium</i>.</def>

<h1>Columbo</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Co*lum"bo</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <fld>(Med.)</fld> <def>See <er>Calumba</er>.</def>

<h1>Columella</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Col`u*mel"la</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[L., dim. of <ets>columen</ets> column. See <er>Column</er>.]</ety> <p><b>1.</b> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>An axis to which a carpel of a compound pistil may be attached, as in the case of the geranium; or which is left when a pod opens.</def> <sd>(b)</sd><def> A columnlike axis in the capsule of mosses.</def>

<p><b>2.</b> <fld>(Anat.)</fld> <def>A term applied to various columnlike parts; <as>as, the <ex>columnella</ex>, or epipterygoid bone, in the skull of many lizards; the <ex>columella</ex> of the ear, the bony or cartilaginous rod connecting the tympanic membrane with the internal ear.</as></def>

<p><b>3.</b> <fld>(Zo\'94l.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>The upright pillar in the axis of most univalve shells.</def> <sd>(b)</sd> <def>The central pillar or axis of the calicles of certain corals.</def>

<h1>Columelliform</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Col`u*mel"li*form</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[<ets>Columella</ets> + <ets>-form</ets>.]</ety> <def>Shaped like a little column, or columella.</def>

<h1>Column</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Col"umn</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <ety>[L. <ets>columna</ets>, fr. <ets>columen</ets>, <ets>culmen</ets>, fr. <ets>cellere</ets> (used only in comp.), akin to E. <ets>excel</ets>, and prob. to <ets>holm</ets>. <ets>See</ets> <er>Holm</er>, and cf. <er>Colonel</er>.]</ety> <p><b>1.</b> <fld>(Arch.)</fld> <def>A kind of pillar; a cylindrical or polygonal support for a roof, ceiling, statue, etc., somewhat ornamented, and usually composed of base, shaft, and capital. See <er>Order</er>.</def>

<p><b>2.</b> <def>Anything resembling, in form or position, a column an architecture; an upright body or mass; a shaft or obelisk; <as>as, a <ex>column</ex> of air, of water, of mercury, etc.</as> ; the <i>Column</i> Vend\'93me; the spinal <i>column</i>.</def>

<p><b>3.</b> <fld>(Mil.)</fld> <sd>(a)</sd> <def>A body of troops formed in ranks, one behind the other; -- contradistinguished from <i>line</i>.</def> <i>Compare</i> <er>Ploy</er>, and <er>Deploy</er>. <sd>(b)</sd> <def>A small army.</def>

<p><b>4.</b> <fld>(Naut.)</fld> <def>A number of ships so arranged as to follow one another in single or double file or in squadrons; -- in distinction from "line", where they are side by side.</def>

<p><b>5.</b> <fld>(Print.)</fld> <def>A perpendicular set of lines, not extending across the page, and separated from other matter by a rule or blank space; <as>as, a <ex>column</ex> in a newspaper</as>.</def>

<p><b>6.</b> <fld>(Arith.)</fld> <def>A perpendicular line of figures.</def>

<p><b>7.</b> <fld>(Bot.)</fld> <def>The body formed by the union of the stamens in the Mallow family, or of the stamens and pistil in the orchids.</def>

<cs><col>Attached column</col>. <cd>See under <er>Attach</er>, <tt>v.</cd> t.</tt> -- <col>Clustered column</col>. <cd>See under <er>Cluster</er>, <tt>v. t.</tt> </cd> -- <col>Column rule</col>, <cd>a thin strip of brass separating columns of type in the form, and making a line between them in printing.</cd></cs>

<h1>Columnar</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Co*lum"*nar</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <ety>[L. <ets>columnaris</ets>, fr. <ets>columna</ets>.]</ety> <def>Formed in columns; having the form of a column or columns; like the shaft of a column.</def>

<cs><col>Columnar epithelium</col> <fld>(Anat.)</fld>, <cd>epithelium in which the cells are priismatic in form, and set upright on the surface they cover.</cd> -- <col>Columnar structure</col> <fld>(Geol.)</fld>, <cd>a structure consisting of more or less regular columns, usually six-sided, but sometimes with eight or more sides. The columns are often fractured transversely, with a cup joint, showing a concave surface above. This structure is characteristic of certain igneous rocks, as basalt, and is due to contraction in cooling.<-- like at Giant's causeway, Ireland?--></cd></cs>

<h1>Columnarity</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Col`um*nar"i*ty</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>n.</tt> <def>The state or quality of being columnar.</def>

<h1>Columnated</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Co*lum"na*ted</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <def>Having columns; <as>as, <ex>columnated</ex> temples</as>.</def>

<h1>Columned</h1> <Xpage=281>

<hw>Col"umned</hw> <tt>(?)</tt>, <tt>a.</tt> <def>Having columns.</def>

<blockquote>Troas and Ilion's <b>columned</b> citadel. <i>Tennyson.</i></blockquote>