Part 234

Sun"drops` (?), n. [Sun + drop.] (Bot.) Any one of the several species of Kneiffia, esp. K. fruticosa (syn. Œnothera fruticosa), of the Evening-primrose family, having flowers that open by daylight.

Sun"flow`er State. Kansas; a nickname.

Su`per*dread"nought` (?), n. See Dreadnought, above.

Su`per*heat" (?), v. t. To heat a liquid above its boiling point without converting it into vapor.

Su"per*man` (?), n. = Overman, above.

Su"per*tax` (?), n. [Super- + tax.] A tax in addition to the usual or normal tax; specif., in the United Kingdom, an income tax of sixpence for every pound in addition to the normal income tax of one shilling and twopence for every pound, imposed, by the Finance Act of 1909-1910 (c. 8, ss 66, 72), on the amount by which the income of any person exceeds £3,000 when his total income exceeds £5,000.

Sur*charge", v. t. To print or write a surcharge on (a postage stamp).

Sur*charge", n. [F.] 1. (Railroads) A charge over the usual or legal rates.

2. Something printed or written on a postage stamp to give it a new legal effect, as a new valuation, a place, a date, etc.; also (Colloq.), a stamp with a surcharge.

Sur"face load`ing. (Aëronautics) The weight supported per square unit of surface; the quotient obtained by dividing the gross weight, in pounds, of a fully loaded flying machine, by the total area, in square feet, of its supporting surface.

Sur"face ten"sion. (Physics) That property, due to molecular forces, which exists in the surface film of all liquids and tends to bring the contained volume into a form having the least superficial area. The thickness of this film, amounting to less than a thousandth of a millimeter, is considered to equal the radius of the sphere of molecular action, that is, the greatest distance at which there is cohesion between two particles. Particles lying below this film, being equally acted on from all sides, are in equilibrium as to forces of cohesion, but those in the film are on the whole attracted inward, and tension results.

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Sur*ren"der, n. (Insurance) The voluntary cancellation of the legal liability of the company by the insured and beneficiary for a consideration (called the surrender value).

||Sur"sum cor"da (?). [L. sursum upward + corda hearts.] (Eccl.) In the Eucharist, the versicles immediately before the preface, inviting the people to join in the service by "lifting up the heart" to God.

Swag (?), v. i. To tramp carrying a swag. [Australia]

Swag, n. [Australia] (a) A tramping bushman's luggage, rolled up either in canvas or in a blanket so as to form a long bundle, and carried on the back or over the shoulder; -- called also a bluey, or a drum. (b) Any bundle of luggage similarly rolled up; hence, luggage in general.

He tramped for years till the swag he bore seemed part of himself.

Lawson.

Swag"ger (?), n. A swagman. [Australia]

Swag"gie (?), n. A swagman. [Australia]

Swag"man (?), n. A bushman carrying a swag and traveling on foot; -- called also swagsman, swagger, and swaggie.

Swags"man (?), n. A swagman. [Australia]

{ Swas"ti*ka, Swas"ti*ca } (?), n. [Also suastica, svastika, etc.] [Skr. svastika, fr. svasti walfare; su well + asti being.] A symbol or ornament in the form of a Greek cross with the ends of the arms at right angles all in the same direction, and each prolonged to the height of the parallel arm of the cross. A great many modified forms exist, ogee and volute as well as rectilinear, while various decorative designs, as Greek fret or meander, are derived from or closely associated with it. The swastika is found in remains from the Bronze Age in various parts of Europe, esp. at Hissarlik (Troy), and was in frequent use as late as the 10th century. It is found in ancient Persia, in India, where both Jains and Buddhists used (or still use) it as religious symbol, in China and Japan, and among Indian tribes of North, Central, and South America. It is usually thought to be a charm, talisman, or religious token, esp. a sign of good luck or benediction. Max MüLler distinguished from the swastika, with arms prolonged to the right, the suavastika, with arms prolonged to the left, but this distinction is not commonly recognized. Other names for the swastika are fylfot and gammadion.

Sway bar. (Vehicles) (a) A bar attached to the hounds, in the rear of the front axle, so as to slide on the reach as the axle is swung in turning the vehicle. (b) Either of the two bars used in coupling the front and rear sleds of a logging sled; also, the bar used to couple two logging cars.

Switch (?), n. (Elec.) A device for shifting an electric current to another circuit, or for making and breaking a circuit.

Syl"la*bus (?), n. (Law) The headnote of a reported case; the brief statement of the points of law determined prefixed to a reported case. The opinion controls the syllabus, the latter being merely explanatory of the former.

Syl"van*ite (?), n. [Fr. Transylvania, where first found.] (Min.) A telluride of gold and silver, (Au, Ag)Te2, of a steel gray, silver white, or brass yellow. It often occurs in implanted crystals resembling written characters, and hence is called graphic tellurium. H., 1.5-2. Sp.gr., 7.9-8.3.

||Sym`bi*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a living together, &?; to live together; &?; with + &?; to live.] (Biol.) The living together in more or less imitative association or even close union of two dissimilar organisms. In a broad sense the term includes parasitism, or antagonistic, or antipathetic, symbiosis, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms, but ordinarily it is used of cases where the association is advantageous, or often necessary, to one or both, and not harmful to either. When there is bodily union (in extreme cases so close that the two form practically a single body, as in the union of algæ and fungi to form lichens, and in the inclusion of algæ in radiolarians) it is called conjunctive symbiosis; if there is no actual union of the organisms (as in the association of ants with myrmecophytes), disjunctive symbiosis.