Part 243

Pho*net"ics (?), n. 1. The doctrine or science of sounds; especially those of the human voice; phonology.

2. The art of representing vocal sounds by signs and written characters.

Pho"ne*tism (?), n. The science which treats of vocal sounds. J. Peile.

Pho"ne*tist (?), n. 1. One versed in phonetics; a phonologist.

2. One who advocates a phonetic spelling.

Pho`ne*ti*za"tion (?), n. The act, art, or process of representing sounds by phonetic signs.

Pho"ne*tize (?), v. t. To represent by phonetic signs. Lowell.

Phon"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; sound: cf. F. phonique.] Of or pertaining to sound; of the nature of sound; acoustic. Tyndall.

Phon"ics (?), n. See Phonetics.

Pho"no- (?). A combining form from Gr. &?; sound, tone; as, phonograph, phonology.

Phono (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A South American butterfly (Ithonia phono) having nearly transparent wings.

Pho`no*camp"tic (?), a. [Phono- + Gr. &?; to bend: cf. F. phonocamptique.] Reflecting sound. [R.] "Phonocamptic objects." Derham.

Pho"no*gram (?), n. [Phono- + -gram.] 1. A letter, character, or mark used to represent a particular sound.

Phonograms are of three kinds: (1) Verbal signs, which stand for entire words; (2) Syllabic signs, which stand for the articulations of which words are composed; (3) Alphabetic signs, or letters, which represent the elementary sounds into which the syllable can be resolved.

I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

2. A record of sounds made by a phonograph.

Pho"no*graph (?), n. [Phono- + -graph.] 1. A character or symbol used to represent a sound, esp. one used in phonography.

2. (Physics) An instrument for the mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds, as articulate speech, etc. It consists of a rotating cylinder or disk covered with some material easily indented, as tinfoil, wax, paraffin, etc., above which is a thin plate carrying a stylus. As the plate vibrates under the influence of a sound, the stylus makes minute indentations or undulations in the soft material, and these, when the cylinder or disk is again turned, set the plate in vibration, and reproduce the sound.

Pho*nog"ra*pher (?), n. 1. One versed or skilled in phonography.

2. One who uses, or is skilled in the use of, the phonograph. See Phonograph, 2.

{ Pho`no*graph"ic (?), Pho`no*graph"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. phonographique.] 1. Of or pertaining to phonography; based upon phonography.

2. Of or pertaining to phonograph; done by the phonograph.

Pho`no*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. In a phonographic manner; by means of phonograph.

Pho*nog"ra*phist (?), n. Phonographer.

Pho*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Phono- + -graphy.] 1. A description of the laws of the human voice, or sounds uttered by the organs of speech.

2. A representation of sounds by distinctive characters; commonly, a system of shorthand writing invented by Isaac Pitman, or a modification of his system, much used by reporters.

The consonants are represented by straight lines and curves; the vowels by dots and short dashes; but by skilled phonographers, in rapid work, most vowel marks are omitted, and brief symbols for common words and combinations of words are extensively employed. The following line is an example of phonography, in which all the sounds are indicated: --

They also serve who only stand and wait.