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Lith"i*um (lth"*m), n. [NL., from Gr. li`qeios of stone, fr. li`qos stone.] (Chem.) A metallic element of the alkaline group, occurring in several minerals, as petalite, spodumene, lepidolite, triphylite, etc., and otherwise widely disseminated, though in small quantities.

When isolated it is a soft, silver white metal, tarnishing and oxidizing very rapidly in the air. It is the lightest solid element known, specific gravity being 0.59. Symbol Li. Atomic weight 7.0 So called from having been discovered in a mineral.

Lith"o (lth") A combining form from Gr. li`qos, stone.

Lith`o*bil"ic (-bl"k), a. [Litho + bile.] (Chem.) Pertaining to or designating an organic acid of the tartaric acid series, distinct from lithofellic acid, but, like it, obtained from certain bile products, as bezoar stones.

Lith"o*carp (lth"*kärp), n. [Litho- + Gr. karpo`s fruit: cf. F. lithocarpe.] (Paleon.) Fossil fruit; a fruit petrified; a carpolite.

Lith`o*chro*mat"ics (-kr*mt"ks), n. See Lithochromics.

Lith`o*chro"mics (-kr"mks), n. [Litho- + Gr. chrw^ma color.] The art of printing colored pictures on canvas from oil paintings on stone.

Lith"o*clast (lth"*klst), n. [Litho- + Gr. kla^n to break.] (Surg.) An instrument for crushing stones in the bladder.

Lith"o*cyst (lth"*sst), n. [Litho- + cyst.] (Zoöl.) A sac containing small, calcareous concretions (otoliths). They are found in many Medusæ, and other invertebrates, and are supposed to be auditory organs.

Lith"o*dome (-dm), n. [Litho- + Gr. do`mos house: cf. F. lithodome.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of bivalves, which form holes in limestone, in which they live; esp., any species of the genus Lithodomus.

Li*thod"o*mous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Like, or pertaining to, Lithodomus; lithophagous.

||Li*thod"o*mus (?), n. [NL. See Lithodome.] (Zoöl.) A genus of ||elongated bivalve shells, allied to the mussels, and remarkable for ||their ability to bore holes for shelter, in solid limestone, shells, ||etc. Called also Lithophagus. || These holes are at first very small and shallow, but are enlarged with the growth of the shell, sometimes becoming two or three inches deep and nearly an inch diameter.

Lith"o*fel"lic (?), a. [Litho- + L. fel, fellis, gall.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline, organic acid, resembling cholic acid, found in the biliary intestinal concretions (bezoar stones) common in certain species of antelope.

||Lith`o*frac"teur (?), n. [F., fr. li`qos stone + L. frangere, ||fractum, to break.] An explosive compound of nitroglycerin. See ||Nitroglycerin. || Lith`o*gen"e*sy (?), n. [Litho- Gr. ge`nesis origin, generation: cf. F. lithogénésie. See Genesis.] The doctrine or science of the origin of the minerals composing the globe.

Li*thog"e*nous (l*thj"*ns), a. [Litho- + -genous.] Stone- producing; -- said of polyps which form coral.

Lith"o*glyph (lth"*glf), n. [Gr. liqoglyfi`a; li`qos stone + gly`fein to engrave.] An engraving on a gem.

Li*thog"ly*pher (l*thg"l*fr), n. One who curs or engraves precious stones.

Lith`o*glyph"ic (lth`*glf"k), a. Of or pertaining to the art of cutting and engraving precious stones.

Lith`o*glyp"tics (-glp"tks), n. The art of cutting and engraving gems.

Lith"o*graph (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lithographed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lithographing (?).] [Litho- + - graph: cf. F. lithographier.] To trace on stone by the process of lithography so as to transfer the design to paper by printing; as, to lithograph a design; to lithograph a painting. See Lithography.

Lith"o*graph, n. A print made by lithography.

Li*thog"ra*pher (l*thg"r*fr), n. One who lithographs; one who practices lithography.

{ Lith`o*graph"ic (?), Lith`o*graph"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. lithographique.] Of or pertaining to lithography; made by lithography; as, the lithographic art; a lithographic picture.

Lithographic limestone (Min.), a compact, fine-grained limestone, obtained largely from the Lias and Oölite, esp. of Bavaria, and extensively used in lithography.

-- Lith`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Li*thog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. lithographie.] The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main, upon the antipathy between grease and water, which prevents a printing ink containing oil from adhering to wetted parts of the stone not covered by the design. See Lithographic limestone, under Lithographic.

{ Lith"oid (?) Li*thoid"al (?), } a. [Litho- + -oid: cf. F. lithoïde.] Like a stone; having a stony structure.