Part 419

Jack"-o'-lan`tern (?), n. See Jack-with-a-lantern, under 2d Jack.

Jack"pud`ding (?), n. A merry- andrew; a buffoon. Milton.

Jack"saw` (?), n. (Zoöl.) The merganser.

Jack"screw` (?), n. A jack in which a screw is used for lifting, or exerting pressure. See Illust. of 2d Jack, n., 5.

Jack"slave` (?), n. A low servant; a mean fellow. Shak.

Jack"smith` (?), n. A smith who makes jacks. See 2d Jack, 4, c. Dryden.

Jack"snipe` (?), n. (Zoöl.) (a) A small European snipe (Limnocryptes gallinula); -- called also judcock, jedcock, juddock, jed, and half snipe. (b) A small American sandpiper (Tringa maculata); -- called also pectoral sandpiper, and grass snipe.

Jack"stay` (?), n. (Naut.) A rail of wood or iron stretching along a yard of a vessel, to which the sails are fastened.

Jack"stone` (?), n. (a) One of the pebbles or pieces used in the game of jackstones. (b) (pl.) A game played with five small stones or pieces of metal. See 6th Chuck.

Jack"straw` (?), n. 1. An effigy stuffed with straw; a scarecrow; hence, a man without property or influence. Milton.

2. One of a set of straws of strips of ivory, bone, wood, etc., for playing a child's game, the jackstraws being thrown confusedly together on a table, to be gathered up singly by a hooked instrument, without touching or disturbing the rest of the pile. See Spilikin.

Jack"wood` (?), n. Wood of the jack (Artocarpus integrifolia), used in cabinetwork.

Ja"cob (?), n. [Cf. F. Jacob. See 2d Jack.] A Hebrew patriarch (son of Isaac, and ancestor of the Jews), who in a vision saw a ladder reaching up to heaven (Gen. xxviii. 12); -- also called Israel.

And Jacob said . . . with my staff I passed over this Jordan, and now I am become two bands.

Gen. xxxii. 9, 10.

Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel.

Gen. xxxii. 28.

Jacob's ladder. (a) (Bot.) A perennial herb of the genus Polemonium (P. cœruleum), having corymbs of drooping flowers, usually blue. Gray. (b) (Naut.) A rope ladder, with wooden steps, for going aloft. R. H. Dana, Jr. (c) (Naut.) A succession of short cracks in a defective spar. -- Jacob's membrane. See Retina. -- Jacob's staff. (a) A name given to many forms of staff or weapon, especially in the Middle Ages; a pilgrim's staff. [Obs.] Spenser. (b) (Surveying) See under Staff.

Jac`o*bæ"an lil"y (?). [See Jacobean.] (Bot.) A bulbous plant (Amaryllis, or Sprekelia, formosissima) from Mexico. It bears a single, large, deep, red, lilylike flower. [Written also Jacobean.]

{ Ja*co"be*an (?; 277), Ja*co"bi*an (?), } a. [From L. Jacobus James. See 2d Jack.] Of or pertaining to a style of architecture and decoration in the time of James the First, of England. "A Jacobean table." C. L. Eastlake.

Jac"o*bin (?), n. [F. See 2d Jack, Jacobite.]

1. (Eccl. Hist.) A Dominican friar; -- so named because, before the French Revolution, that order had a convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris.

2. One of a society of violent agitators in France, during the revolution of 1789, who held secret meetings in the Jacobin convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris, and concerted measures to control the proceedings of the National Assembly. Hence: A plotter against an existing government; a turbulent demagogue.

3. (Zoöl.) A fancy pigeon, in which the feathers of the neck form a hood, -- whence the name. The wings and tail are long, and the beak moderately short.

Jac"o*bin, a. Same as Jacobinic.

Jac"o*bine (?), n. A Jacobin.

{ Jac`o*bin"ic (?), Jac`o*bin"ic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to the Jacobins of France; revolutionary; of the nature of, or characterized by, Jacobinism. Burke. -- Jac`o*bin"ic*al*ly, adv.

Jac"o*bin*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. Jacobinisme.] The principles of the Jacobins; violent and factious opposition to legitimate government.