Part 502

2. A gift; a benefaction. [R.] Pope.

3. The act of softening, breaking, or yielding. "Upon the first giving of the weather." Addison.

Giving in, a falling inwards; a collapse. -- Giving out, anything uttered or asserted; an outgiving.

His givings out were of an infinite distance From his true meant design.

Shak.

Giz"zard (?), n. [F. gÈsier, L. gigeria, pl., the cooked entrails of poultry. Cf. Gigerium.]

1. (Anat.) The second, or true, muscular stomach of birds, in which the food is crushed and ground, after being softened in the glandular stomach (crop), or lower part of the esophagus; the gigerium.

2. (Zoˆl.) (a) A thick muscular stomach found in many invertebrate animals. (b) A stomach armed with chitinous or shelly plates or teeth, as in certain insects and mollusks.

Gizzard shad (Zoˆl.), an American herring (Dorosoma cepedianum) resembling the shad, but of little value. -- To fret the gizzard, to harass; to vex one's self; to worry. Hudibras. -- To stick in one's gizzard, to be difficult of digestion; to be offensive.

||Gla*bel"la (?), n.; pl. Glabell&?; (#). [NL., fr. L. glabellus ||hairless, fr. glaber bald.] (Anat.) The space between the eyebrows, ||also including the corresponding part of the frontal bone; the ||mesophryon. -- Gla*bel"lar (#), a.

||Gla*bel"lum (?), n.; pl. Glabella (#). [NL. See Glabella.] (Zoˆl.) ||The median, convex lobe of the head of a trilobite. See Trilobite.

Gla"brate (?), a. [L. glabrare, fr. glaber smooth.] (Bot.) Becoming smooth or glabrous from age. Gray.

{ Gla"bre*ate (?), Gla"bri*ate (?), } v. t. [See Glabrate.] To make smooth, plain, or bare. [Obs.]

Glab"ri*ty (?), n. [L. glabritas.] Smoothness; baldness. [R.]

Gla"brous (?), a. [L. glaber; cf. Gr. &?; hollow, smooth, &?; to hollow.] Smooth; having a surface without hairs or any unevenness.

Gla"cial (?), a. [L. glacialis, from glacies ice: cf. F. glacial.] 1. Pertaining to ice or to its action; consisting of ice; frozen; icy; esp., pertaining to glaciers; as, glacial phenomena. Lyell.

2. (Chem.) Resembling ice; having the appearance and consistency of ice; -- said of certain solid compounds; as, glacial phosphoric or acetic acids.

Glacial acid (Chem.), an acid of such strength or purity as to crystallize at an ordinary temperature, in an icelike form; as acetic or carbolic acid. -- Glacial drift (Geol.), earth and rocks which have been transported by moving ice, land ice, or icebergs; bowlder drift. -- Glacial epoch or period (Geol.), a period during which the climate of the modern temperate regions was polar, and ice covered large portions of the northern hemisphere to the mountain tops. -- Glacial theory or hypothesis. (Geol.) See Glacier theory, under Glacier.

Gla"cial*ist, n. One who attributes the phenomena of the drift, in geology, to glaciers.

Gla"ci*ate (?), v. i. [L. glaciatus, p. p. of glaciare to freeze, fr. glacies ice.] To turn to ice.

Gla"ci*ate, v. t. 1. To convert into, or cover with, ice.

2. (Geol.) To produce glacial effects upon, as in the scoring of rocks, transportation of loose material, etc.

Glaciated rocks, rocks whose surfaces have been smoothed, furrowed, or striated, by the action of ice.

Gla`ci*a"tion (?), n. 1. Act of freezing.

2. That which is formed by freezing; ice.

3. The process of glaciating, or the state of being glaciated; the production of glacial phenomena.

Gla"cier (?), n. [F. glacier, fr. glace ice, L. glacies.] An immense field or stream of ice, formed in the region of perpetual snow, and moving slowly down a mountain slope or valley, as in the Alps, or over an extended area, as in Greenland.

The mass of compacted snow forming the upper part of a glacier is called the firn, or nÈvÈ; the glacier proper consist of solid ice, deeply crevassed where broken up by irregularities in the slope or direction of its path. A glacier usually carries with it accumulations of stones and dirt called moraines, which are designated, according to their position, as lateral, medial, or terminal (see Moraine). The common rate of flow of the Alpine glaciers is from ten to twenty inches per day in summer, and about half that in winter.