Part 71

Car"at (kăr"ăt), n. [F. carat (cf. It. carato, OPg. quirate, Pg. & Sp. quilate), Ar. qīrāt bean or pea shell, a weight of four grains, a carat, fr. Gr. kera`tion a little horn, the fruit of the carob tree, a weight, a carat. See Horn.] 1. The weight by which precious stones and pearls are weighed.

&fist; The carat equals three and one fifth grains Troy, and is divided into four grains, sometimes called carat grains. Diamonds and other precious stones are estimated by carats and fractions of carats, and pearls, usually, by carat grains. Tiffany.

2. A twenty-fourth part; -- a term used in estimating the proportionate fineness of gold.

&fist; A mass of metal is said to be so many carats fine, according to the number of twenty-fourths of pure gold which it contains; as, 22 carats fine (goldsmith's standard) = 22 parts of gold, 1 of copper, and 1 of silver.

Car"a*van (kăr"&adot;*văn or kăr*&adot;*văn"; 277), n. [F. caravane (cf. Sp. caravana), fr. Per. karwān a caravan (in sense 1). Cf. Van a wagon.] 1. A company of travelers, pilgrims, or merchants, organized and equipped for a long journey, or marching or traveling together, esp. through deserts and countries infested by robbers or hostile tribes, as in Asia or Africa.

2. A large, covered wagon, or a train of such wagons, for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition; an itinerant show, as of wild beasts.

3. A covered vehicle for carrying passengers or for moving furniture, etc.; -- sometimes shorted into van.

Car`a*van*eer" (?), n. [Cf. F. caravanier.] The leader or driver of the camels in caravan.

Car`a*van"sa*ry (?), n.; pl. Caravansaries (#). [F. caravansÚrai, fr. Per. karwānsarā´; karwān caravan + -sarā´ palace, large house, inn.] A kind of inn, in the East, where caravans rest at night, being a large, rude, unfurnished building, surrounding a court. [Written also caravanserai and caravansera.]

Car"a*vel (kăr"&adot;*v&ebreve;l), n. [F. caravelle (cf. It. caravella, Sp. carabela), fr. Sp. caraba a kind of vessel, fr. L. carabus a kind of light boat, fr. Gr. ka`rabos a kind of light ship, NGr. kara`bi ship, vessel.] [written also carvel and caravelle.] (Naut.) A name given to several kinds of vessels. (a) The caravel of the 16th century was a small vessel with broad bows, high, narrow poop, four masts, and lateen sails. Columbus commanded three caravels on his great voyage. (b) A Portuguese vessel of 100 or 150 tons burden. (c) A small fishing boat used on the French coast. (d) A Turkish man-of- war.

Car"a*way (kăr"&adot;*w&asl;), n. [F. carvi (cf. Sp. carvi and al-caravea, al-carahueya, Pg. al-caravia) fr. Ar. karawīā, karwīā fr. Gr. ka`ron; cf. L. careum.] 1. (Bot.) A biennial plant of the Parsley family (Carum Carui). The seeds have an aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste. They are used in cookery and confectionery, and also in medicine as a carminative.

2. A cake or sweetmeat containing caraway seeds.

Caraways, or biscuits, or some other [comfits]. Cogan.

Car*bam"ic (kńr*băm"&ibreve;k), a. [Carbon + amido.] (Chem.) Pertaining to an acid so called.

Carbamic acid (Chem.), an amido acid, NH2.CO2H, not existing in the free state, but occurring as a salt of ammonium in commercial ammonium carbonate; -- called also amido formic acid.

Car*bam"ide (kńr*băm"&ibreve;d or -īd), n. [Carbonyl + amide.] (Chem.) The technical name for urea.

Car*bam"ine (kńr*băm"&ibreve;n or -ēd), n. (Chem.) An isocyanide of a hydrocarbon radical. The carbamines are liquids, usually colorless, and of unendurable odor.

Car"ba*nil (?), n. [Carbonyl + aniline.] (Chem.) A mobile liquid, CO.N.C6H5, of pungent odor. It is the phenyl salt of isocyanic acid.

Car"ba*zol (?), n. [Carbon + azo + -ol.] (Chem.) A white crystallized substance, C12H8NH, derived from aniline and other amines.

Car*baz"o*tate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of carbazotic or picric acid; a picrate.

Car`ba*zot"ic (?), a. [Carbon + azole.] Containing, or derived from, carbon and nitrogen.

Carbazotic acid (Chem.), picric acid. See under Picric.

Car"bide (?), n. [Carbon + -ide.] (Chem.) A binary compound of carbon with some other element or radical, in which the carbon plays the part of a negative; -- formerly termed carburet.

Car"bi*mide (?), n. [Carbon + imide] (Chem.) The technical name for isocyanic acid. See under Isocyanic.

Car"bine (?), n. [F. carbine, OF. calabrin carabineer (cf. Ot. calabrina a policeman), fr. OF & Pr. calabre, OF. cable, chable, an engine of war used in besieging, fr. LL. chadabula, cabulus, a kind of projectile machine, fr. Gr. &?; a throwing down, fr. &?; to throw; &?; down + &?; to throw. Cf. Parable.] (Mil.) A short, light musket or rifle, esp. one used by mounted soldiers or cavalry.

Car`bi*neer" (?), n. [F. carabinier.] (Mil.) A soldier armed with a carbine.

Car"bi*nol (?), n. [Carbin (Kolbe's name for the radical) + -ol.] (Chem.) Methyl alcohol, CH3OH; -- also, by extension, any one in the homologous series of paraffine alcohols of which methyl alcohol is the type.

Car`bo*hy"drate (?), n. [Carbon + hydrate.] (Physiol. Chem.) One of a group of compounds including the sugars, starches, and gums, which contain six (or some multiple of six) carbon atoms, united with a variable number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, but with the two latter always in proportion as to form water; as dextrose, C6H12O6.