Part 221

Chol"a*gogue (?), a. [Gr. &?;; &?; bile + &?; leading, &?; to lead: cf. F. cholagogue.] (Med.) Promoting the discharge of bile from the system. -- n. An agent which promotes the discharge of bile from the system.

Cho"late (?), n. [Gr. &?; bile.] (Chem.) A salt of cholic acid; as, sodium cholate.

||Chol`e*cys"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; bile + &?; bladder.] (Anat.) The gall bladder.

Chol`e*cys*tot"o*my (?), n. [Cholecystis + Gr. &?; to cut.] (Surg.) The operation of making an opening in the gall bladder, as for the removal of a gallstone.

Chol`e*dol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?; bile + -logy. Cf. F. cholÚdologie.] (Med.) A treatise on the bile and bilary organs. Dunglison.

&fist; LittrÚ says that the word cholÚdologie is absolutely barbarous, there being no Greek word &?;. A proper form would be cholology.

Cho*le"ic (?), a. (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, bile; as, choleic acid.

Chol"er (?), n. [OE. coler, F. colŔre anger, L. cholera a bilious complaint, fr. Gr. &?; cholera, fr. &?;, &?;, bile. See Gall, and cf. Cholera.] 1. The bile; -- formerly supposed to be the seat and cause of irascibility. [Obs.]

His [Richard Hooker's] complexion . . . was sanguine, with a mixture of choler; and yet his motion was slow. I. Warton.

2. Irritation of the passions; anger; wrath.

He is rash and very sudden in choler. Shak.

Chol"er*a (?), n. [L., a bilious disease. See Choler.] (Med.) One of several diseases affecting the digestive and intestinal tract and more or less dangerous to life, esp. the one commonly called Asiatic cholera.

Asiatic cholera, a malignant and rapidly fatal disease, originating in Asia and frequently epidemic in the more filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or specific poison may have been carried. It is characterized by diarrhea, rice-water evacuations, vomiting, cramps, pinched expression, and lividity, rapidly passing into a state of collapse, followed by death, or by a stage of reaction of fever. -- Cholera bacillus. See Comma bacillus. -- Cholera infantum, a dangerous summer disease, of infants, caused by hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and especially fatal in large cities. -- Cholera morbus, a disease characterized by vomiting and purging, with gripings and cramps, usually caused by imprudence in diet or by gastrointestinal disturbance. -- Chicken cholera. See under Chicken. -- Hog cholera. See under Hog. -- Sporadic cholera, a disease somewhat resembling the Asiatic cholera, but originating where it occurs, and rarely becoming epidemic.

Chol`er*a"ic (?), a. Relating to, or resulting from, or resembling, cholera.

Chol"er*ic (?), a. [L. cholericus, Gr. &?;: cf. F. cholÚrique.] 1. Abounding with, or producing choler, or bile. Dryden.

2. Easily irritated; irascible; inclined to anger.

3. Angry; indicating anger; excited by anger. "Choleric speech." Sir W. Raleigh.

Choleric temperament, the bilious temperament.

Chol"er*ic*ly, adv. In a choleric manner; angrily.

Chol"er*i*form` (?), a. [Cholera + -form.] Resembling cholera.

Chol"er*ine (?), n. (Med.) (a) The precursory symptoms of cholera. (b) The first stage of epidemic cholera. (c) A mild form of cholera.

Chol"er*oid, a. [Cholera + -oid.] Choleriform.

Cho`les*ter"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. cholestÚrique.] Pertaining to cholesterin, or obtained from it; as, cholesteric acid. Ure.

Cho*les"ter*in (?), n. [Gr. &?; bile + &?; stiff fat: F. cholestÚrine. See Stearin.] (Chem.) A white, fatty, crystalline substance, tasteless and odorless, found in animal and plant products and tissue, and especially in nerve tissue, in the bile, and in gallstones.

{ Cho"li*amb (?), Cho`li*am"bic (?), } n. [L. choliambus, Gr. &?;; &?; lame + &?; an iambus.] (Pros.) A verse having an iambus in the fifth place, and a spondee in the sixth or last.

{ Chol"ic (?), Cho*lin"ic (?), } a. [Gr. &?;, from &?; bile.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, the bile.

Cholic acid (Chem.), a complex organic acid found as a natural constituent of taurocholic and glycocholic acids in the bile, and extracted as a resinous substance, convertible under the influence of ether into white crystals.

Cho"line (?), n. [Gr. &?; bile.] (Physiol. Chem.) See Neurine.