Part 427

A*top" (&?;), adv. On or at the top. Milton.

{ At`ra*bi*la"ri*an (&?;), At`ra*bi*la"ri*ous (&?;), } a. [LL. atrabilarius, fr. L. atra bilis black bile: cf. F. atrabilaire, fr. atrabile.] Affected with melancholy; atrabilious. Arbuthnot.

At`ra*bi*la"ri*an, n. A person much given to melancholy; a hypochondriac. I. Disraeli.

At`ra*bil"iar (&?;), a. Melancholy; atrabilious.

At`ra*bil"ia*ry (&?;), a. 1. Of or pertaining to atra bilis or black bile, a fluid formerly supposed to be produced by the kidneys.

2. Melancholic or hypohondriac; atrabilious; -- from the supposed predominance of black bile, to the influence of which the ancients attributed hypochondria, melancholy, and mania.

Atrabiliary arteries, capsules, and veins (Anat.), those pertaining to the kidney; -- called also renal arteries, capsules, and veins.

At`ra*bil"ious (&?;), a. Melancholic or hypochondriac; atrabiliary. Dunglision.

A hard-faced, atrabilious, earnest-eyed race. Lowell.

He was constitutionally atrabilious and scornful. Froude.

At`ra*men*ta"ceous (&?;), a. [L. atramentum ink, fr. ater black.] Black, like ink; inky; atramental. [Obs.] Derham.

{ At`ra*men"tal (&?;), At`ra*men"tous (&?;), } a. Of or pertaining to ink; inky; black, like ink; as, atramental galls; atramentous spots.

At`ra*men*ta"ri*ous (&?;), a. [Cf. F. atramentaire. See Atramentaceous.] Like ink; suitable for making ink. Sulphate of iron (copperas, green vitriol) is called atramentarious, as being used in making ink.

At*rede (&?;), v. t. [OE. at (AS. æt) out + rede.] To surpass in council. [Obs.]

Men may the olde atrenne, but hat atrede. Chaucer.

At*renne" (&?;), v. t. [OE. at + renne to run.] To outrun. [Obs.] Chaucer.

||A*tre"si*a (&?;), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; not perforated.] (Med.) Absence or closure of a natural passage or channel of the body; imperforation.

A"tri*al, a. Of or pertaining to an atrium.

A*trip" (&?;), adv. [Pref. a- + trip.] (Naut.) (a) Just hove clear of the ground; -- said of the anchor. (b) Sheeted home, hoisted taut up and ready for trimming; -- said of sails. (c) Hoisted up and ready to be swayed across; -- said of yards.

||A"tri*um (&?;), n.; pl. Atria (&?;). [L., the fore court of a Roman house.] 1. (Arch.) (a) A square hall lighted from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels. (b) An open court with a porch or gallery around three or more sides; especially at the entrance of a basilica or other church. The name was extended in the Middle Ages to the open churchyard or cemetery.

2. (Anat.) The main part of either auricle of the heart as distinct from the auricular appendix. Also, the whole articular portion of the heart.

3. (Zoöl.) A cavity in ascidians into which the intestine and generative ducts open, and which also receives the water from the gills. See Ascidioidea.

||At`ro*cha (&?;), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'a priv. + &?; a circle.] (Zoöl.) A kind of chætopod larva in which no circles of cilia are developed.

A*tro"cious (&?;), a. [L. atrox, atrocis, cruel, fierce: cf. F. atroce.] 1. Extremely heinous; full of enormous wickedness; as, atrocious quilt or deeds.

2. Characterized by, or expressing, great atrocity.

Revelations . . . so atrocious that nothing in history approaches them. De Quincey.

3. Very grievous or violent; terrible; as, atrocious distempers. [Obs.] Cheyne.

Syn. -- Atrocious, Flagitious, Flagrant. Flagitious points to an act as grossly wicked and vile; as, a flagitious proposal. Flagrant marks the vivid impression made upon the mind by something strikingly wrong or erroneous; as, a flagrant misrepresentation; a flagrant violation of duty. Atrocious represents the act as springing from a violent and savage spirit. If Lord Chatham, instead of saying "the atrocious crime of being a young man," had used either of the other two words, his irony would have lost all its point, in his celebrated reply to Sir Robert Walpole, as reported by Dr. Johnson.