Part 378

Ar`ti*fi"cial (&?;), a. [L. artificialis, fr. artificium: cf. F. artificiel. See Artifice.] 1. Made or contrived by art; produced or modified by human skill and labor, in opposition to natural; as, artificial heat or light, gems, salts, minerals, fountains, flowers.

Artificial strife Lives in these touches, livelier than life. Shak.

2. Feigned; fictitious; assumed; affected; not genuine. "Artificial tears." Shak.

3. Artful; cunning; crafty. [Obs.] Shak.

4. Cultivated; not indigenous; not of spontaneous growth; as, artificial grasses. Gibbon.

Artificial arguments (Rhet.), arguments invented by the speaker, in distinction from laws, authorities, and the like, which are called inartificial arguments or proofs. Johnson. -- Artificial classification (Science), an arrangement based on superficial characters, and not expressing the true natural relations species; as, "the artificial system" in botany, which is the same as the Linnæan system. -- Artificial horizon. See under Horizon. Artificial light, any light other than that which proceeds from the heavenly bodies. -- Artificial lines, lines on a sector or scale, so contrived as to represent the logarithmic sines and tangents, which, by the help of the line of numbers, solve, with tolerable exactness, questions in trigonometry, navigation, etc. -- Artificial numbers, logarithms. -- Artificial person (Law). See under Person. -- Artificial sines, tangents, etc., the same as logarithms of the natural sines, tangents, etc. Hutton.

Ar`ti*fi`ci*al"i*ty (&?;), n. The quality or appearance of being artificial; that which is artificial.

Ar`ti*fi"cial*ize (&?;), v. t. To render artificial.

Ar`ti*fi"cial*ly, adv. 1. In an artificial manner; by art, or skill and contrivance, not by nature.

2. Ingeniously; skillfully. [Obs.]

The spider's web, finely and artificially wrought. Tillotson.

3. Craftily; artfully. [Obs.]

Sharp dissembled so artificially. Bp. Burnet.

Ar`ti*fi"cial*ness, n. The quality of being artificial.

Ar`ti*fi"cious (&?;), a. [L. artificiosus.] Artificial. [Obs.] Johnson.

Art"i*lize (&?;), v. t. To make resemble. [Obs.]

If I was a philosopher, says Montaigne, I would naturalize art instead of artilizing nature. Bolingbroke.

Ar*til"ler*ist (&?;), n. A person skilled in artillery or gunnery; a gunner; an artilleryman.

Ar*til"ler*y (&?;), n. [OE. artilrie, OF. artillerie, arteillerie, fr. LL. artillaria, artilleria, machines and apparatus of all kinds used in war, vans laden with arms of any kind which follow camps; F. artillerie great guns, ordnance; OF. artillier to work artifice, to fortify, to arm, prob. from L. ars, artis, skill in joining something, art. See Art.] 1. Munitions of war; implements for warfare, as slings, bows, and arrows. [Obs.]

And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad. 1 Sam. xx. 40.

2. Cannon; great guns; ordnance, including guns, mortars, howitzers, etc., with their equipment of carriages, balls, bombs, and shot of all kinds.

The word is sometimes used in a more extended sense, including the powder, cartridges, matches, utensils, machines of all kinds, and horses, that belong to a train of artillery.

3. The men and officers of that branch of the army to which the care and management of artillery are confided.

4. The science of artillery or gunnery. Campbell.

Artillery park, or Park of artillery. (a) A collective body of siege or field artillery, including the guns, and the carriages, ammunition, appurtenances, equipments, and persons necessary for working them. (b) The place where the artillery is encamped or collected. -- Artillery train, or Train of artillery, a number of pieces of ordnance mounted on carriages, with all their furniture, ready for marching.

Ar*til"ler*y*man (&?;), n. A man who manages, or assists in managing, a large gun in firing.

||Ar`ti*o*dac"ty*la (&?;), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; even + &?; finger or toe.] (Zoöl.) One of the divisions of the ungulate animals. The functional toes of the hind foot are even in number, and the third digit of each foot (corresponding to the middle finger in man) is asymmetrical and paired with the fourth digit, as in the hog, the sheep, and the ox; -- opposed to Perissodactyla.

Ar`ti*o*dac"tyle (&?;), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Artiodactyla.