Section Ii. Brachyopina.

Genera: Brachyops, Owen; Micropholis, Huxley; Rhinosaurus, Waldheim; Bothriceps, Huxley.

Section III. Chauliodonta. Genera: Loxomma, Huxley; Zygosaurus, Eich.; Melosaurus, Meyer.

Section IV. Arthroödonta. Genera: Batrachiderpeton, Hancock and Atthey; Pteroplax, Hancock and Atthey.

Section V. An uncharacterized group. Genera: Pholidogaster, Huxley; Ichthyerpeton, Huxley; Pholiderpeton, Huxley.

Section VI. Archegosauria, von Meyer. Genera: Archegosaurus, Goldfuss.

Section VII. Heleothrepta. Genera: Lepterpeton, Huxley.

Section VIII. Nectridea. Genera: Urocordylus, Huxley; Keraterpeton, Huxley.

Section IX. Aistopoda. Genera: Ophiderpeton, Huxley; Dolichosoma, Huxley.

Section X. Microsauria, Dawson. Genera: Dendrerpeton, Owen; Hylonomus, Dawson; Hylerpeton, Owen.

The schemes of classification used for the next 10 years did not depart in any appreciable degree from those already given.

In 1875 Cope, in his Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia (120), with a systematic list of the higher groups, published the following classification as being "adopted provisionally by the Smithsonian Institution":

Class Batrachia. Order Anura. (Anura, Duméril; Salientia, Merrem, Gray.) Raniformia. (Raniformia, Cope, Nat. Hist. Rev., V, 114, 1865.) Families: Ranidæ, Colostheidæ. Firmisternia. (Bufonoid Raniformia, Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, n.s., VI, 190, 1867.) Families: Dendrobatidæ, Phryniscidæ, Engystomidæ, Breviceptidæ. Gastrechmia. (Gastrechmia, Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, n.s., VI, 198, 1867.) Family: Hemisidæ. Bufoniformia. (Bufoniformia, Duméril et Bibron, partim; Cope, partim.) Families: Rhinophrynidæ, Bufonidæ, Batrachophrynidæ. Aglossa. Family: Pipidæ. Odontaglossa. Family: Dactylethridæ. Arcifera. (Arcifera, Cope, N. H. Rev., V, 104, 1865.) Families: Cystignathidæ, Hemiphractidæ, Hylidæ, Scaphiopidæ, Pelodytidæ, Asterophrydidæ, Discoglossidæ. Order Stegocephali. (Stegocephali Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, 1868, 209.) Labyrinthodontia. Families: Baphetidæ Cope, Anthracosauridæ Cope. Ganocephala. Family: Colosteidæ Cope. Microsauria. Families: Phlegethontiidæ Cope, Molgophidæ Cope, Ptyoniidæ Cope, Tuditanidæ Cope, Peliontidæ Cope. Order Gymnophiona. (Gymnophiona Müller.) Family: Cœciliidæ Gray, 1850. Order Urodela. Families: Pleurodelidæ Gray, 1858; Salamandridæ: Gray, 1858; Hynobiidæ Cope, 1866; Desmognathidæ Cope, 1866; Thoriidæ Cope, 1869; Plethodontidæ Cope, 1866; Amblystomidæ Cope, 1866; Menopomidæ (Protonopsidæ Gray, 1850), Amphiumidæ Cope, 1866; Cocytinidæ Cope. Order Proteida. Family: Proteidæ Gray, 1850. Order Trachystomata. Family: Sirenidæ Gray, 1850.

In 1885 Cope proposed 2 new orders, which he arranges with the other orders already known, as follows:

{ Order I. Rachitomi. Order V. Urodela. Batrachia. { Order II. Embolomeri. Order VI. Trachystomata. { Order III. Stegocephali. Order VII. Anura. { Order IV. Proteida.

The new order Rachitomi was to include forms like Eryops and the new order Embolomeri was to include forms like Cricotus; the other orders were as they had been given before.

Zittel in 1888 proposed (642) the next classification of any note in his "Handbuch der Paleontologie," where it stands as follows:

Classe Amphibia. Ordnung 1. Stegocephali. Unterordnung 1. Lepospondyli. Familie 1. Branchiosauridæ Fritsch. " 2. Microsauria Dawson. " 3. Aistopoda Miall. Unterordnung 2. Temnospondyli. Genera: Archegosaurus, Eryops, etc. Unterordnung 3. Stereospondyli. Familie 1. Gastrolepidoti. " 2. Labyrinthodonta. Ordnung 2. Cœciliæ. Ordnung 3. Urodela. Unterordnung 1. Ichthyoidea. Familie 1. Phanerobranchia. " 2. Cryptobranchia. Unterordnung 2. Salamandrina. Ordnung 4. Anura. Unterordnung 1. Phaneroglossa. Familie 1. Ranidæ. " 2. Bufonidæ. " 3. Cystignathidæ Cope. " 4. Pelobatidæ Boul. " 5. Discoglossidæ Cope. " 6. Palæobatrachidæ Cope.

Lydekker (393) in the next year proposed a system of classification which did not depart widely from that proposed (450) by the committee of the British Association for 1874. Lydekker's classification is as follows:

Class Amphibia. Order I. Labyrinthodontia. Suborder 1. Branchiosauria. Family Protritonidæ. " Apateonidæ. Suborder 2. Aistopoda. Family Dolichosomatidæ. Suborder 3. Microsauria. Family Urocordylidæ. " Limnerpetidæ. " Hyloplesionidæ. " Microbrachidæ. Suborder 4. Labyrinthodontia vera. Family Archegosauridæ. " Diplospondylidæ. " Nyraniidæ. " Dendrerpetidæ. " Anthracosauridæ. " Mastodonsauridæ. Uncertain family, Eosaurus. Order II. Apoda. Order III. Caudata. Family Hylæobatrachidæ. " Sirenidæ. " Proteidæ. " Amphiumidæ. " Salamandridæ. Order IV. Ecaudata. Family Discoglossidæ. " Pelobatidæ. " Palæobatrachidæ. " Cystignathidæ. " Ranidæ.

In 1890 Döederlein proposed a scheme of classification which is notable on account of the peculiar relations which it expresses between the groups relations which, in reality, do not exist. His classification is as follows:

Class Amphibia. Ordnung I. Stegocephali. A. Microsauria. Unterordnung 1. Branchiosauri. Genera: Branchiosaurus, Dawsonia, Melanerpeton, Pelosaurus. Unterordnung 2. Sauromorphi. Familie 1. Hylonomidæ. " 2. Nectridæ. " 3. Aistopodidæ.

B. Ganocephala. Unterordnung 1. Rhachitomi. " 2. Embolomeri. " 3. Labyrinthodontia. Ordnung II. Urodela. Ordnung III. Gymnophiona. Ordnung IV. Anura.

In 1890 Lydekker used the same classification, with minor changes, which he had used in his Paleontology. Credner, who wrote at about the same time (193), followed Zittel's classification. Zittel in 1895 merely repeated his former classification. In 1898 appeared Smith Woodward's Paleontology, where the following scheme is adopted:

Class Batrachia. Order I. Stegocephalia. Order II. Gymnophiona. Suborder 1. Branchiosauria. Order III. Caudata. " 2. Aistopoda. Order IV. Ecaudata. " 3. Microsauria. " 4. Labyrinthodontia.

Hay's Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata of North America contains the next scheme for the classification of the Amphibia which pays especial attention to the extinct forms. His classification is as follows:

Class Batrachia Macartney, 1802. Order Stegocephali Cope, 1868. Suborder Microsauria Dawson, 1863. Family Protritonidæ Lydekker, 1889. Genera: Amphibamus Cope, Pelion Wym. Family Molgophidæ Cope, 1875. Genera: Phlegethontia Cope, Molgophis Cope. Family Hylonomidæ Fritsch, 1883. Genera: Hylonomus Dawson, Smilerpeton Dawson, Hylerpeton Owen, Fritschia Dawson; Brachydectes Cope. Family Ptyoniidæ Cope, 1875. Genera: Keraterpeton Huxley, Œstocephalus Cope, Ptyonius Cope, Ctenerpeton Cope. Family Tuditanidæ Cope, 1875. Genera: Tuditanus Cope, Cocytinus Cope. Family Diplocaulidæ Cope, 1881. Genus: Diplocaulus Cope. Lepospondylous Genera of uncertain position: Amblyodon Dawson, Hyphasma Cope, Eurythorax Cope, Thyrsidium Cope, Pleuroptyx Cope, Cercariomorphus Cope. Suborder Apœcospondyli Hay, 1902. Family Dendrerpetontidæ Fritsch, 1889. Genera: Dendrerpeton Owen, Baphetes Owen, Platystegos Dawson. Family Sauropleuridæ Hay, 1902. Genera: Sauropleura Cope, Leptophractus Cope. Family Archegosauridæ. Genera: Trimerorhachis Cope, Dissorophus Cope. Family Cricotidæ Cope, 1884. Genera: Cricotus Cope. Family Anthracosauridæ. Genus: Eosaurus Marsh. Family Eryopidæ Cope, 1882. Genera: Eryops Cope, Ichthycanthus Cope, Zatrachys Cope, Anisodexis Cope, Acheloma Cope. Family Mastodonsauridæ Huxley, 1863. Genera: Mastodonsaurus Jaeger, Eupelor Cope, Pariostegus Cope, Dictyocephalus Leidy. Order Urodela. Genera: Scapherpeton Cope, Hemitrypus Cope. Order Salientia Laurenti, 1768. Family Ranidæ. Genera: Rana Linné, Eobatrachus Marsh.

This classification given by Hay is only for the forms which occur in North America.