Part 25

Nests are placed low, perhaps around four feet high, in deciduous trees and shrubs (Davie, op. cit.).

=White-eyed Vireo=: Vireo griseus noveboracensis (Gmelin).--This is a local summer resident in eastern Kansas, in woodland and forest edge. Stations of breeding occurrence are in Doniphan, Douglas, Johnson, Anderson, Labette, and Montgomery counties. The species is present within the extreme dates of April 23 to October 5 (Table 16).

Breeding schedule.--Ten records of breeding span the period May 10 to June 30; the modal date for egg-laying is June 10. The present sample is not adequate to indicate extreme or modal dates with reasonable accuracy.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is 4 eggs (3.6, 3-4; 5).

Nests are placed relatively low in forks in trees and shrubs.

=Bell Vireo=: Vireo bellii bellii Audubon.--This summer resident is common in riparian thickets and second-growth scrub. Temporal occurrence is indicated in Table 16. Breeding schedule.--Sixty-six records of breeding span the period May 1 to July 20 (Fig. 7); the modal date for egg-laying is May 25, and a little under 40 per cent of all eggs are laid in the period May 21-31. Renesting following disruption of first nests is regular, and the small peak in the histogram in the period June 11-20 is representative of this.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is 4 eggs (4.6, 3-6; 21). Clutches in May have an average of 3.7 eggs, and those in June and July 3.6 eggs.

Nests are placed about two feet high (ranging from one to five feet) in terminal or lateral forks of small branches in elm, hackberry, osage orange, coralberry, dogwood, plum, honey locust, mulberry, willow, cottonwood, and box elder.

=Yellow-throated Vireo=: Vireo flavifrons Vieillot.--This is a rare and local summer resident in deciduous forest and woodland in eastern Kansas. Stations of breeding occurrence fall east of Shawnee and Woodson counties. Temporal occurrence is indicated in Table 16.

Breeding schedule.--Eggs are laid at least in May.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is about 4 eggs.

Nests are placed 16 to 30 feet high in forks of mature deciduous trees.

TABLE 16.--OCCURRENCE IN TIME OF SUMMER RESIDENT VIREOS IN KANSAS

=================+==========================+============================= | Arrival | Departure SPECIES +----------------+---------+------------------+---------- | Range | Median | Range | Median -----------------+----------------+---------+------------------+---------- White-eyed Vireo | Apr. 23-May 25 | May 8 | Oct. 5 | Bell Vireo | Apr. 14-May 20 | May 8 | Aug. 26-Sept. 27 | Sept. 6 Yellow-throated | | | | Vireo | Apr. 27-May 22 | May 7 | Aug. 23-Oct. 1 | Aug. 31 Red-eyed Vireo | Apr. 21-May 10 | May 4 | Sept. 2-Oct. 7 | Sept. 10 Warbling Vireo | Apr. 20-May 9 | Apr. 28 | Sept. 2-Oct. 6 | Sept. 9 -----------------+----------------+---------+------------------+----------

=Red-eyed Vireo=: Vireo olivaceus olivaceus (Linnaeus).--This summer resident is common in the east, but is local and less abundant in the west, in woodland and deciduous forest. Temporal occurrence is indicated in Table 16.

Breeding schedule.--Eight records of breeding fall in the period May 21 to July 31; most records of egg-laying are in the first week of June.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is 4 eggs (4.0, 3-5; 5).

Nests are placed in forks of mature deciduous trees, usually fairly high--perhaps 15 to 25 feet (Davie, 1898).

=Warbling Vireo=: Vireo gilvus gilvus (Vieillot).--This summer resident is common in woodland and forest edge. Temporal occurrence is indicated in Table 16.

Breeding schedule.--Seventeen records of breeding span the period May 1 to June 20, but it is likely that breeding later in June and July will be recorded. The modal date for egg-laying is June 5, and this seems to be a reliable index to the major effort in egg-laying in spite of the small sample.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is 4 eggs (3.6, 3-4; 5). Nests are placed three to 25 feet high in a variety of deciduous shrubs and trees.

=Black-and-white Warbler=: Mniotilta varia (Linnaeus).--This local and uncommon summer resident lives in deciduous forest and woodland. Specimens taken in the breeding season and actual records of nesting come from Doniphan, Douglas, Coffey, Greenwood, Sedgwick, Labette, and Cherokee counties. Temporal occurrence in the State is indicated in Table 17.

Breeding schedule.--Eggs are laid in May and June.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is around 5 eggs (Davie, 1898).

Nests are placed on the ground, in depressions or niches, under heavy cover.

=Prothonotary Warbler=: Protonotaria citrea (Boddaert).--This is a local summer resident in eastern Kansas, in understory of riparian timber and swampy woodland. Specimens taken in the breeding season and actual records of nesting come from Doniphan, Douglas, Linn, and Cowley counties. Temporal occurrence is indicated in Table 17.

Breeding schedule.--Twenty-two records of breeding span the period May 11 to July 10 (Fig. 8); the modal date for egg-laying is June 5, and 75 per cent of all clutches are laid in the period June 1 to 20.

Number of eggs.--Clutch-size is 5 eggs (4.5, 3-6; 15).